french and indian war 1754 – 1763 french & indian wars – world wars that started in europe...
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French and Indian War
1754 – 1763
French & Indian Wars – World Wars that started in Europe and spread to
America.King William’s War – 1689-1697
Queen Anne’s War – 1702-1713
King George’s War – 1744-1748
Causes
Who was going to control the land west of the Appalachian Mountains and along the Ohio River Valley (Ohio Country).
Fur Trade
(Struggle for a Continent)
Native Americans Must Choose a Side
“You and the French are like the two edges of a pair of shears. And we are the cloth which is to be cut to pieces between them.”
French Colonies
One large colony built around the St. Lawrence River, Great Lakes, and Mississippi River200,000 peopleCatholicOne Colonial GovernmentFur Trade / Fishing / FarmingGood relations with Native Americans (Tolerance)
English Colonies
13 colonies along the Atlantic Coast
1,200,000 people
Protestant
13 Colonial Governments
Farming / Trade & Commerce / Fur Trade
Poor Relations with Native Americans
Native Americans
French allied with Algonquian & Huron
English allied with Iroquois
Fur Trade was important to both sides, but English had better trade goods at a better price.
Native Americans are caught in the middle.
Forts
Fort Duquesne (F) / Fort Pitt (B)Louisbourg (F)Quebec (F)Montreal (F)Fort Niagara (F)Fort Carillon (F) / Fort Ticonderoga (B)Fort St. Frederick (F) / Crown Point (B)Fort Oswego (B)Fort William Henry (B)
Battles and Leaders
Campaign 1754 – George Washington (B) begins war with incident along Ohio Frontier.
Albany Congress – Ben Franklin (B) has Albany Plan of Union.
Campaign 1755 – Gen. Edward Braddock (B) defeated at Ft. Duquesne (F)
Sir William Johnson (B) defeats French at the Battles of Lake George (B) and builds Ft. William Henry (B)
1756
Marquis de Montcalm (F) appointed commander in America – he captures and destroys Ft. Oswego (B)
1757
William Pitt (B) elected Prime Minister of England and changes the direction of the war in North America
Montcalm (F) – captures and destroys Ft. William Henry (B) “Last of the Mohicans”.
Robert Rogers (B) – Roger’s Rangers – stealth
A FINE FRENCH & INDIAN WAR PERIOS PATTERN 1738 LAND SERVICE HEAVY DRAGOON PISTOL, by E. JORDAN dtd. 1742
A FINE FRENCH & INDIAN WAR PERIOS PATTERN 1738 LAND SERVICE HEAVY DRAGOON PISTOL, by E. JORDAN dtd. 1742
A FINE FRENCH & INDIAN WAR PERIOD PATTERN 1738 LAND SERVICE HEAVY DRAGOON PISTOL, by E. JORDAN dtd. 1742
Gunstock War Club
Robert Roger
Roger’s Rangers
Roger's Rangers vs. Abenaki Indian 1759
1758
Gen. James Wolfe (B) and Lord Jeffrey Amherst (B) capture Louisbourg (F)
General James Abercrombie (B) – defeated by Montcalm (F) at Ft. Carillon / Ft. Ticonderoga and Lord George Howe (B) is killed.
Lt. Col. John Bradstreet (B) captures and destroys Ft. Frontenac (F) a major supply fort for French western forts.
Gen. James Forbes (B) captures Ft. Duquesne (F) and rebuilds it as Ft. Pitt (B).
1759
Lord Jeffrey Amherst (B) captures Ft. Carillon / Ticonderoga and Ft. St. Frederic / Crown Point
Sir William Johnson (B) captures Ft. Niagara (F)
Battle of Quebec (B) – Gen. James Wolfe (B) defeats Montcalm (F)
Battle of Quebec – Death of Gen. James Wolfe on the Plains of
Abraham
1760
Three British armies converge on Montreal and Montreal Surrenders
Results – Treaty of Paris 1763
France lost all her land in North America except Haiti and some fishing islands off the coast of Canada
England got all French land east of the Mississippi River
Spain got all French land west of the Mississippi River
England got Florida from Spain