Free Libre And Open Source Software Acceptancein The Cuban Higher Educational System

Aceptación del Software Libre y el Código Abiertoen el Sistema de Educación Superior Cubano.

Ayandi Lemus - formerly University of Pinar del RíoProf. dr. Frederik Questier - Vrije Universiteit Brussel

Prof. dr. Febe Angel Ciudad Ricardo - University of Informatics Sciences

Universidad 2016, Havana, Cuba

This presentation can be found athttp://questier.com

http://www.slideshare.net/Frederik_Questier

4

1980's: Stallman defined“Free Software”

The freedom to

➢ use

➢ study

➢ distribute

➢ improve

the program

Free Open Source Software - FLOSS

1991 comp sci student

“I'm doing a (free) operating system (just a hobby, won't be big and professional like gnu) for 386(486) AT clones.”

6117 persons, 659 companieshave contributed to Linux kernel

7

“Open Source ... it's just a superior way of working together and generating code.”

“Like science, Open Source allows people to build on a solid base of previous knowledge, without some silly hiding.”

“you can obviously never do as well in a closed environment as you can with open scientific methods.”

Linus Torvalds (2007-03-19). The Torvalds Transcript: Why I 'Absolutely Love' GPL Version 2.

Row 1 Row 2 Row 3 Row 40

2

4

6

8

10

12

Column 1

Column 2

Column 3

Our social responsibility:how open is the future?

➢ "bridge the digital divide

by adopting open source

thus narrowing the effect of techno-colonialism"

➢ “Need for technology

that is controlled by local communities

and not by foreign companies,

that is public property

and empowers people to be self-reliant”

Stay in control!

If you don't control the program,the program controls you!

Why?

Stay secure!

You can't trust softwareif its source code is hidden

Why?

Avoid:data lock in

vendor lock in

Improve interoperability

Why?

FLOSS tools aremost often cross-platform

Why?

The (Unix) philosophy ofconnectable and reusable

modular components

→ best modules are most reused→ get most feedback

→ survival of the fittest→ quality

“Linux is the benchmark of Quality”Coverity Report 2012, ...

Why?

Modularity and lightweight solutionsallow to use small or old devices

Save energy

Why?

Easy localization and customization

Why?

Possibility to involve students

Why?

Business opportunities

Innovation opportunities

Network effects

Why?

Better supportSupport is often core

of the FOSS business model+ fair competition of service providers

Easier troubleshootingBecause of transparency

Why?

Fun

Learning

Why?

Reduce costs

Avoid piracy

Avoid license management burden

Why?

Linux is everywhere from the smallest devices to 92% of the top 500 Super Computers

>50% of all computing devices is running Android, a mobile version of Linux

There are FLOSS solutions for all computational tasks

Everybody is using FLOSSand contributing to it

IBM, Facebook, Google, Microsoft, ...

Increasingly governments demand

Open StandardsSource code

Some countries and regions have done Linux migrations

Extremadura in Spain

or have expressed the desire to do so

China, Russia, Cuba

ESTRATEGIA MAESTRA: INFORMATIZACIÓN

2016

Enfoque integral de la informatizacióncomo elemento transformador de la educación superior,

que impulsa el cumplimiento de los objetivos de la organizacióny la convierte en protagonista de la informatización de la sociedad cubana

“10. Priorizar el empleo del Software Libreen todas las acciones de implementación de la actual estrategia.”

“Linux has come to dominatealmost every category of computing,

with the exception of the desktop”

Jim Zemlin, Linux Foundation Executive Director, 2011

Perceived barriers?

➢ Pre-installation of non-free software➢ Anti-competitive behaviour➢ Fear, Uncertainty and Doubt➢ Lack of awareness➢ Limited in house experience➢ Transition efforts

innovation diffusion model

➢ Rogers, E. M. (2003). Diffusion of innovations (5th edition). New York, NY: Free Press

Davis, F. D. (1989). Perceived Usefulness, Perceived Ease of Use, and User Acceptance of Information Technology. MIS Quarterly, 13(3), 319

Venkatesh, V., Morris, M. G., Davis, G. B., & Davis, F. D. (2003). User acceptance of information technology: Toward a unified view. MIS Quarterly, 425–478.

UTAUTUnified Theory of Acceptance and Use of Technology

Validated acceptance model for Free Software in (Flemish) schools

F. Questier, S. Froeliger, Acceptance model for Free Open Source Software in (Flemish) schools, 37th Annual Conference of the Association for Teacher Education in Europe, Eskisehir, Turkey (25-29 August 2012)

What is your motivationto use Free Software?

What is holding back theadoption of FLOSS in your school?

UTAUT2

Venkatesh, V., Thong, J. Y., & Xu, X. (2012). Consumer acceptance and use of information technology: extending the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology. MIS Quarterly, 36(1), 157–178.

Interview withICT director of Cuban Ministry of Higher Education

is done

Survey questionnaire (in Limesurvey)for ICT managers of universities

is ready to be deployed

Dreams for:students & teachers questionnaires,

Close The Gap analysis,migration experiment,

elaboration of strategies & policies

Who wants to collaborateto continue this project?

FLOSS opportunities in Cuba

➢ Create awareness, all stakeholders➢ Build expertise➢ Nova Linux➢ Share migration experiences➢ Provide repositories➢ El paquete semanal➢ Build an economy on it

This presentation was made with 100% Free Software

No animals were harmed

Questier.com

Frederik AT Questier.com

www.linkedin.com/in/fquestie

www.diigo.com/user/frederikquestier

www.slideshare.net/Frederik_QuestierMuchas

gracias!

¿Preguntas?

Credits➢ Photo Linus Torvalds: GFDL. Permission of Martin Streicher, Editor-in-Chief,

LINUXMAG.com

➢ Picture (open source business strategies) from IT Manager's Journal, may 2004, with personal permission from John Koenig

➢ Screenshot http://www.openhandsetalliance.com/

➢ Cartoon Open Source Fish by openssoft

➢ T-Shirt “Best things are life are free” by http://zazzle.com

➢ Drupalcon DC 2009 copyright by “Chris” (Flickr)

➢ Screenshot Acquia

➢ Internet map by The Opte Project, CC-by

➢ Open arrow, CC-by-nd by ChuckCoker

➢ Share matches CC-by-nc-nd by Josh Harper

➢ Question mark CC-by by Stefan Baudy

➢ Social Icons by Iconshock http://www.iconshock.com/social-icons/

➢

➢