fracture shaft of femur
TRANSCRIPT
Case conference Ext.Sanichaya
Case• ผปวยชายไทย อาย 15 ป อาชพ นกเรยน• ภมลำาเนา อ. หนองบญมาก จ.นครราชสมา
Chief complaint
• ปวดตนขาขางขวา 3 ชวโมง PTA
Primary survey
•A : patent airway, no stidor, c-spine not tender•B : normal breath sound, no dyspnea, trachea in
midline, clear both lungs•C : BP 140/83 mmHg, no active bleeding•D : E5V5M6, pupil 3 mm.RTLBE• E : intact
Secondary survey• A : no drug/food allergy•M : no medication• P : no u/d• L : last meal ลกชน 20.00 น.• E : 3 ชม. PTA ผปวยใหประวตวาขบรถมอเตอรไซคชนรถเกง ไม
สลบ จำาเหตการณได ไมมศรษะกระแทกพน ขยบตนขาขวาไมไดรสกปวดทตนขาขวา
Diagnosis•Closed fracture shaft of femur Rt.
Treatment•On skeletal traction 5 kg.•Plan surgery
Fracture shaft of femur
Anatomy
• largest and strongest bone• an anterior bow • linea aspera
Muscle3 compartments of the thigh •Anterior : sartorius, quadriceps•Posterior : biceps, femoris, semitendinosus,
semimembranosus•Adductor : gracilis, adductor longus, adductor brevis,
adductor magnus
Fracture shaft of femur• The longest and strongest bone in your body•High energy injuries frequently associated with life-
threatening conditions• Incidence 37.1 per 100,000 person-years
Mechanism of injury
• Traumaticohigh-energy• most common in younger population• often a result of high-speed motor vehicle accidents
olow-energy• more common in elderly• often a result of a fall from standing• gunshot
Associated conditions• ipsilateral femoral neck fracture •bilateral femur fracturesosignificant risk of pulmonary complicationsoincreased rate of mortality as compared to
unilateral fractures
OTA Classification
Symptoms • immediate, severe pain•not be able to put weight on the injured leg•may look deformed
Physical Examination • Inspection• tense, swollen thigh, tenderness about thigh
• motion• examination for ipsilateral femoral neck fracture often difficult
secondary to pain from fracture• Neurovascular
Radiographs
•AP and lateral views of entire femur•AP and lateral views of ipsilateral hip•AP and lateral views of ipsilateral knee•CT• Indications - rule-out associated femoral neck
fracture
Treatment•Most femoral shaft fractures require surgery to heal•Very young children are sometimes treated with a cast
Treatment
• Initial care• a long-leg splint or in skeletal traction• External fixation is used to hold the bones
together temporarily when the skin and muscles have been injured
Treatment • Intramedullary nailing•Plates and screws
Complications
•Blood vessels or nerve injury•Acute compartment syndrome• Infection from open fractures
Complications from Surgery
• Infection• Injury to nerves and blood vessels• Blood clots• Fat embolism• Malalignment or the inability to correctly position the broken bone
fragments• Delayed union or nonunion (when the fracture heals slower than
usual or not at all)• Hardware irritation
Thank you