SummarySUMMARY :CALCULATION METHODCOLUMN DIAMETERCOLUMN HEIGHT (T/T)MMINCHMMFT[1] BASED ON C-FACTOR METHOD - GPSA SECT. 1931001222028867[2] BASED ON NOMOGRAPH METHOD - GPSA SECT. 191700672139870[3] BASED ON DETAILED METHOD - GPSA SECT. 191850732109869[4] BASED ON COULSON RICHARDSON METHOD1850732109869[5] PACKED COLUMN - GPSA SECT. 191450572850394

Hysis DataK ValueVapour [m3/h]Bulk Liquid [m3/h]Temp. [C]Surface Ten [dyne/cm]Mole Weight (Vap)Density (Vap) [lb/ft3]Viscosity (Vap) [cP]Therm Cond (Vap) [Btu/hr-ft-F]Heat Cap (Vap) [Btu/lb-F]Mole Weight (Lt Liq)Density (Lt Liq) [lb/ft3]Viscosity (Lt Liq) [cP]Therm Cond (Lt Liq) [Btu/hr-ft-F]Heat Cap (Lt Liq) [Btu/lb-F]Vapour [lb/hr]Bulk Liquid [lb/hr]EthanePropanei-Butanen-ButaneTOPCondenser0.0059.2550.143.9042.562.640.010.010.5543.5227.680.075760.050.820.0057914.632.180.940.510.411__Main TS854.7160.6153.213.7443.522.700.010.010.5644.0927.600.075520.050.8381395.9859065.692.230.980.540.442__Main TS859.2661.0354.653.6843.922.720.010.010.5644.4227.580.075620.040.8382547.0559440.022.261.000.550.453__Main TS859.5861.0655.663.6644.162.730.010.010.5644.7327.600.075950.040.8382921.3859513.282.281.010.560.464__Main TS857.9660.9356.693.6544.382.740.010.010.5645.0827.640.076440.040.8382994.6459467.962.301.030.570.465__Main TS855.3660.7157.923.6444.632.750.010.010.5645.5127.690.077000.040.8382949.3259367.452.321.040.580.476__Main TS852.1160.4459.423.6444.922.750.010.010.5646.0227.750.077660.040.8382848.8159239.032.351.060.600.487__Main TS848.3560.1561.203.6445.282.760.010.010.5646.6227.820.078370.040.8282720.3959100.382.391.090.610.508__Main TS844.2359.8563.263.6445.702.770.010.010.5647.2927.900.079070.040.8282581.7458960.992.431.110.630.529__Main TS839.9359.5265.533.6446.152.780.010.010.5648.0127.980.079740.040.8282442.3458808.222.481.150.650.5310__Main TS835.5759.1267.973.6446.632.790.010.010.5648.7628.060.080350.040.8182289.5858577.232.541.180.670.5511__Main TS830.9958.4070.633.6547.142.800.010.010.5649.6028.160.080970.040.8182058.5958081.582.601.220.700.5812__Main TS825.4456.8373.773.6847.682.800.010.010.5750.6728.330.081850.040.8081562.9456849.242.671.260.730.60FEED13__Main TS816.69110.6378.323.7748.352.790.010.010.5752.4528.660.083580.040.7980330.60111975.532.791.330.780.6414__Main TS791.61111.9080.023.7148.862.810.010.010.5752.8328.610.083300.040.7978627.52113070.592.821.360.800.6615__Main TS795.75113.0581.843.6649.362.840.010.010.5753.2728.580.083150.040.7979722.58114100.842.851.380.820.6816__Main TS798.61114.3583.983.6149.952.860.010.010.5753.8028.550.083030.040.8080752.83115284.252.881.410.840.7017__Main TS801.48115.9886.533.5650.662.890.010.010.5854.4428.510.082870.040.8081936.24116765.572.921.450.870.7318__Main TS805.25118.0689.503.5051.512.930.010.010.5855.1728.450.082590.040.8083417.56118626.672.971.490.900.7619__Main TS810.57120.6192.783.4452.482.980.010.010.5855.9528.380.082120.040.8185278.66120871.803.021.540.940.7920__Main TS817.77123.5396.203.3753.533.030.010.020.5956.7328.290.081170.040.8287523.79123416.223.071.590.980.8321__Main TS826.71126.6599.593.3154.593.090.010.020.6057.4828.190.080630.040.8290068.21126097.933.111.631.010.8622__Main TS836.80129.71102.783.2555.603.140.010.020.6058.1728.100.080560.030.8392749.91128713.243.151.671.050.8923__Main TS847.02132.46105.733.1756.523.190.010.020.6158.8028.020.080420.030.8495365.23131052.373.181.711.080.9324__Main TS856.17134.61108.553.0957.363.230.010.020.6159.4227.960.080240.030.8497704.36132893.373.211.751.110.9625__Main TS862.70135.77111.583.0358.183.270.010.020.6160.1627.930.080080.030.8599545.36133914.253.251.791.150.9926__Main TS864.06135.25115.612.9859.143.300.010.020.6261.3127.970.080040.030.85100566.24133581.313.321.851.201.03BOTTOMReboiler856.2433.60122.352.9660.623.310.010.020.6263.4728.110.080400.030.84100233.2933348.013.451.951.281.11

STRIPPING SECTIONENRICHING/RECTIFYING SECTION

C FactorSIZING COLUMN DISTILATION (C'' FACTOR METHOD)Rectifying/Enriching Section :Process RequirementVapour Density2.7lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Gas82994.6lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationFlow Rate HC Gas30203.9ft3/hrLiquid Rate268.8GPM61.1m3/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Density27.8lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.7dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationTray Spacing24.0inchAssumption0.6mDiameter Column Calculation, with C Factor MethodC Factor430.0Fig 19-13 GPSAVMAX1299.1ft/hrEq. 19-11 GPSADiameter Column Required, DT9.0ft2749.0mmDiameter Column Proposed2750.0mm9.0ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray12.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage11.0eaAverage Column Temperature60.8CRefer to Hysis Simulation141.4FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.1Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.6Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.8Refer to Hysis SimulationFeed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.102cP0.102mNs/m2a.m0.181Plate Efficiency8100.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8100.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage13.6eaProposed Number of Stage14.0eaSpace3.3ftDistance between top tray to gas outlet nozzleAssumption1.0mHeight of Column9.5mStripping Section :Process RequirementVapour Density3.0lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Gas100566.2lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationFlow Rate HC Gas, Vmax33038.9ft3/hrRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Rate597.8GPMRefer to Hysis Simulation135.8m3/hrMax Value is SelectedLiquid Density28.3lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface tension,3.4dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationTray Spacing24.0inchAssumption0.6mDiameter Column Calculation, with C Factor MethodC Factor430.0Fig 19-13 GPSAVmax1238.3ft/hrEq. 19-11 GPSADiameter Column Required, DT10.2ft3099.4mmDiameter Column Propose3100.0mm10.2ftColumn Area7.5m2Bottom Flow Rate33.6m3/hrRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Hold Up/Residence Time5.0minutesLow to High LevelVolume of Liquid Hold Up2.8m3Height of Liquid Hold Up0.4mHeight of Bottom Side1.0mInclude low low to high high level3.3ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray14.0eaRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage13.0eaAverage Column Temperature97.0CRefer to Hysis Simulation206.6FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.4Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.8Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.7Feed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.069cPRefer to Hysis Simulation0.0694mNs/m2a.m0.1161Plate Efficiency8100.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8100.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage16.0eaProposed Number of Stage16.0eaHeight of Column10.8mSelected Column DimensionSelected Column Diameter3100.0mm3.1m122.0inch10.2ftSelected Column Height20288.0mm20.3m798.7inch66.6ftSummary :Column Diameter3.1 m122.0 inchColumn Height (T/T)20.3 m66.6 ft

NomographSIZING COLUMN DISTILATION (NOMOGRAPH METHOD)Rectifying/Enriching Section :Process RequirementVapour Density2.7lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Gas82994.6lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationFlow Rate HC Gas30203.9ft3/hrLiquid Rate268.8GPM61.1m3/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis Simulation1.70E-02m3/secLiquid Density27.8lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.68dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationTray Spacing24.0inchAssumption0.6mDiameter Column Calculation, with Nomograph MethodFlow Rate HC Gas8.4ft3/sVLOAD2.8ft3/sEq 19-13 GPSADiameter Column Required, DT4.0ftFor single pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSABased on 80% flood with valve tray type1219.2mmRemark for Single Pass TrayOke0.0ftFor two pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSABased on 80% flood with valve tray type0.0mmRemark for Two Pass TrayNot OkeDiameter Column Proposed1250.0mm1.25m4.1ftProposed Tray Lay OutSingle (Cross Flow) PassFig 11.28. Coulson RicardsonSingle (Cross Flow) PassRefer to Backhurst and Harker,"Process Plant Design"Height of Column RequiredStage/Tray12.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage11.0eaAverage Column Temperature60.8CRefer to Hysis Simulation141.4FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.1Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.6Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.8Feed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.102cPRefer to Hysis Simulation0.102mNs/m2a.m0.181Plate Efficiency8100.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8100.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage13.6eaProposed Number of Stage14.0eaSpace3.3ftDistance between top tray to gas outlet nozzleAssumption1.0mHeight of Column9.5mStripping Section :Process RequirementVapour Density3.0lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Gas100566.2Lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationFlow Rate HC Gas33038.9ft3/hrRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Rate597.8GPM135.8m3/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis Simulation3.77E-02m3/secLiquid Density28.3lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.4dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationTray Spacing24.0inchAssumption0.6mDiameter Column Calculation, with Nomograph MethodFlow Rate HC Gas9.2ft3/secRefer to Hysis SimulationVLOAD3.2ft3/secEq 19-13 GPSADiameter Column Required, DT5.5ftFor single pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSABased on 80% flood with valve tray type1676.4mmRemark for Single Pass TrayOkeDiameter Column Required, DT0.0ftFor two pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSABased on 80% flood with valve tray type0.0mmRemark for Two Pass TrayNot OkeDiameter Column Proposed1700.0mm1.70m5.6ftProposed Tray Lay OutDouble (Two) PassFig 11.28. Coulson RicardsonDouble (Two) PassRefer to Backhurst and Harker,"Process Plant Design"Column Area2.3m2Bottom Flow Rate33.6m3/hrRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Hold Up/Residence Time5.0minutesLow to High LevelVolume of Liquid Hold Up2.8m3Height of Liquid Hold Up1.2mHeight of Bottom Side1.5mInclude low low to high high level4.9ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray14.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage13.0eaAverage Column Temperature97.0CRefer to Hysis Simulation206.6FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.4Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.8Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.7Feed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.069cPRefer to Hysis Simulation0.069mNs/m2a.m0.116Plate Efficiency8000.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8000.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage16.3eaProposed Number of Stage17.0eaHeight of Column11.9mSelected Column DimensionSelected Column Diameter1700.0mm1.7m66.9inch5.6ftSelected Column Height21397.6mm21.4m842.4inch70.2ftSummary :Column Diameter1.7 m66.9 inchColumn Height (T/T)21.4 m70.2 ft

Detailed MethodSIZING COLUMN DISTILATION (DETAILED METHOD)Rectifying/Enriching Section :Process RequirementFlow Rate HC Gas30203.94ft3/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationVLOAD2.78ft3/sBased on 80% flood with valve tray typeVapour Density2.75lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Rate268.8GPMRefer to Hysis Simulation61.06m3/hrMax Value is Selected1.70E-02m3/secLiquid Density27.83lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.68dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationTray Spacing24.00inchAssumption0.61mDiameter Column Calculation, with Detailed MethodL - V25.08lb/ft3Fig 19-16 GPSAVD*dsg [Downcomer Velocity]186.00Fig 19-16 GPSAFoaming System Factor0.85Fig 19-15 GPSA0.88Fig 19-15 GPSASelected Foaming System Factor0.85Lower value is selectedVDdsg [Downcomer Velocity related to System Factor]158.10gpm/ft2Eq 19-14 GPSACAFo [Vapor Capacity Factor]0.42ft/secFig 19-17 GPSACAF [Vapor Capacity Factor] related to System Factor]0.36ft/secEq 19-15 GPSADiameter Column Required, DT4.0ftFor single pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSA1219.2mmRemark for Single Pass TrayOkeDiameter Column Required, DT0.0ftFor two pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSA0.0mmRemark for Two Pass TrayNot OkeDiameter Column Proposed1250.0mm1.25m4.1ftProposed Tray Lay OutSingle (Cross Flow) PassFig 11.28. Coulson RicardsonSingle (Cross Flow) PassRefer to Backhurst and Harker,"Process Plant Design"NP [Tray Lay Out]1.00Fig 19-14 GPSAFPL [Flow Patch Length]36.91ftEq 19-16 GPSAFF [Flooding Factor]0.82AAM [Active Area]12.09ft2Eq 19-17 GPSAADM [Downcomer Area]2.07ft2Eq 19-18 GPSAADM recommendation (1)1.33ft2Note :If ADM is less than 11% AAM then use 11% AAM or double ADM, whichever is smallerADM recommendation (2)4.15ft2Selected ADM2.07ft2ATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area]ATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area] recommendation (1)16.24ft2Eq 19-19 GPSAATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area] recommendation (2)12.16ft2Eq 19-20 GPSASelected ATM16.24ft2Eq 19-20 GPSADT (Column Diameter]4.55ftEq 19-21 GPSA1.39m1386.03mmDiameter Column Proposed1400.00mm1.40m4.59ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray12.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage11.0eaAverage Column Temperature60.8CRefer to Hysis Simulation141.4FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.1Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.6Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.8Feed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.102cPRefer to Hysis Simulation0.102mNs/m2a.m0.181Plate Efficiency8100.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8100.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage13.6eaProposed Number of Stage14.0eaSpace3.3ftDistance between top tray to gas outlet nozzleAssumption1.0mHeight of Column9.5mStripping Section :Process RequirementFlow Rate HC Gas33038.95ft3/hrRefer to Hysis SimulationVLOAD3.19ft3/secEq 19-13 GPSAVapour Density3.04lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Rate597.76GPMRefer to Hysis Simulation135.77m3/hrMax Value is Selected3.77E-02m3/secLiquid Density28.29lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.36dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationTray Spacing24.00inchAssumption0.61mDiameter Column Calculation, with Detailed MethodL - V25.10lb/ft3Fig 19-16 GPSAVD*dsg [Downcomer Velocity]186.00Fig 19-16 GPSAFoaming System Factor0.850Fig 19-15 GPSA0.847Selected Foaming System Factor0.847Lower value is selectedVDdsg [Downcomer Velocity related to System Factor]157.62gpm/ft2Eq 19-14 GPSACAFo [Vapor Capacity Factor]0.41ft/secFig 19-17 GPSACAF [Vapor Capacity Factor] related to System Factor]0.35ft/secEq 19-15 GPSADiameter Column Required, DT5.5ftFor single pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSA1676.4mmRemark for Single Pass TrayOkeDiameter Column Required, DT0.0ftFor two pass tray - Fig 19-14 GPSA0.0mmRemark for Two Pass TrayNot OkeDiameter Column Proposed1700.0mm1.70m5.6ftProposed Tray Lay OutDouble (Two) PassFig 11.28. Coulson RicardsonDouble (Two) PassRefer to Backhurst and Harker,"Process Plant Design"NP [Tray Lay Out]1.00Fig 19-14 GPSAFPL [Flow Patch Length]50.20ftEq 19-16 GPSAFF [Flooding Factor]0.82AAM [Active Area]19.29ft2Eq 19-17 GPSAADM [Downcomer Area]4.63ft2Eq 19-18 GPSAATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area] recommendation (1)2.12ft2Note :If ADM is less than 11% AAM then use 11% AAM or double ADM, whichever is smallerATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area] recommendation (2)9.25ft2Selected ATM4.63ft2ATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area]ATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area] recommendation (1)28.54ft2Eq 19-19 GPSAATM [Tower Cross Sectional Area] recommendation (2)14.34ft2Eq 19-20 GPSASelected ATM28.54ft2Eq 19-20 GPSADT (Column Diameter]6.03ftEq 19-21 GPSA1.84m1837.30mmDiameter Column Proposed1850.00mm1.85m6.07ftColumn Area2.7m2Bottom Flow Rate33.6m3/hrLiquid Hold Up/Residence Time5.0minutesLow to High LevelVolume of Liquid Hold Up2.8m3Height of Liquid Hold Up1.0mHeight of Bottom Side1.2mInclude low low to high high level3.9ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray14.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage13.0eaAverage Column Temperature97.0CRefer to Hysis Simulation206.6FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.4Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.8Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.7Feed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.069cPRefer to Hysis Simulation0.069mNs/m2a.m0.116Plate Efficiency8000.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8000.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage16.3eaProposed Number of Stage17.0eaHeight of Column11.6mSelected Column DimensionSelected Column Diameter1850.0mm1.85m72.83inch6.07ftSelected Column Height21097.6mm21.1m830.6inch69.2ftSummary :Column Diameter1.9 m72.8 inchColumn Height (T/T)21.1 m69.2 ft

Coulson RicardsonSIZING COLUMN DISTILATION (COULSON RICHARDSON METHOD)Rectifying/Enriching Section :Process RequirementMass Flow Rate HC Gas82994.64lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis Simulation10.46kg/secMass Flow Rate HC Liquid59513.28lb/hrMax Value is Selected7.50kg/secVapour Density2.75lb/ft3Refer to Hysis Simulation44.02kg/m3Liquid Density27.83lb/ft3Refer to Hysis Simulation445.79kg/m3Liquid surface tension3.68dyne/cmRefer to Hysis Simulation0.0037N/mTray spacing0.610mRange 0.15~1 mRefer to Coulson Richardson24.00inch0.3~0.6 m for column diameter above 1 mUV [maximum vapor velocity causing excessive entrainment & pressure drop]0.16m/secEq 11-79 Coulson RichardsonDC [column diameter]1.36mEq 11-80 Coulson RichardsonFLV [liquid - vapour flow factor]0.23Eq 11-82 Coulson RichardsonK10.082Fig 11-27 Coulson RichardsonCorrected K10.06UF (flooding velocity]0.18m/secDesign flooding @maximum flow rate8500 %normally 70~90% flooding velocityDesign UF0.15m/sechigher vapour velocity give higher plate efficiencyhigher vapour velocity give higher risk of floodingSelected design UF0.15m/secVolumetric flow rate HC gas0.24m3/secNet area required1.58m2Down comer area1200 %Column cross sectional area1.80m2Column diameter1.51m1513.88mm59.60inchSelected column diameter1500.00mm1.50m59.06inchSelected column cross sectional area1.77m2Volumetric flow rate HC liquid1.68E-02m3/secTray Lay OutCross Flow (single pass)Fig 11-28 Coulson RichardsonProvisional Plate DesignDC [column diameter]1.50mAC [column area]1.77m2AD [downcomer area]0.21m2AN [net area]1.55m2AA [active area]1.34m2AH [hole area]750.0 %0.10m2LW/DC0.85normally 0.6~0.85 Fig 11-31 Coulson RichardsonLW [weir length]1.28mhW [weir height]40.00mm liquidnormally 40~90 mm for > atmosfericnormally 6~12 mm for vacuum applicationhigher weir height give better efficiencyhigher weir height give higher pressure dropHole size4.00mmnormally 2.5~5 mmlarger hole size for fouling dutyPlate thickness5.00mm5 mm for CS and 3 mm for SSCheck WeepingMaximum liquid rate7.50kg/secTurn down ratio8000 %good design sieve tray give range turndown 50~120% capacityMinimum liquid rate6.00kg/secMaximum hOW41.87mm liquidEq 11-85 Coulson RichardsonMinimum hOW36.09mm liquidRemarkOke > 10 mmthe height of liquid crest should be at least 10 mm @ lowest liquid ratehW + hOW76.09mm liquidK2 [weep point correlation]30.60Fig 11-30 Coulson RichardsonUH-MIN [minimum design vapour velocity through the hole]1.71m/secEq 11-84 Coulson RichardsonUH-Actual [minimum actual vapour velocity through hole]1.89m/secRemarkOke as weeping does not occurPlate Pressure DropDry plate dropUH-MAX [maximum design vapour velocity through the hole]2.36m/secRatio plate thickness to hole diameter1.25Ratio AH to AA750.0 %CO [orifice coefficient]0.875Fig 11-34 Coulson RichardsonhD [pressure drop through the dry plate]36.63mm liquidEq 11-88 Coulson RichardsonResidual headhR [pressure drop as liquid surface tension, froth height and density]28.04mm liquidEq 11-89 Coulson RichardsonTotal pressure drop = hT = DPTOTALDPTOTAL146.54mm liquidEq 11-90 Coulson Richardson640.20Pa0.01bar0.09psiRemarkOke as lower than 0.1 psi pressure dropmaximum 0.1 psiDowncomer Liquid Back UphAP [height of the bottom edge of the appron above the plate]35.00mmheight is normally 5~10 mm below the outlet weir heightAAP [clearance area under downcomer]0.04m2Eq 11-93 Coulson RichardsonSelected AM0.04m2hDC [head loss in the downcomer]23.59mm liquidhB [back up in downcomer]252.00mm liquid1/2 x (plate spacing + weir height)324.80mm liquidRemarkOke as flooding not occur and tray spacing is acceptableDowncomer Residence TimetR [downcomer residence time]3.18secRemarkOke as > 3 secEq 11-95 Coulson RichardsonStripping Section :Process RequirementMass Flow Rate HC Gas100566.24lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis Simulation12.67kg/secMass Flow Rate HC Liquid133914.25lb/hrMax Value is Selected16.87kg/secVapour Density3.04lb/ft3Refer to Hysis Simulation48.76kg/m3Liquid Density28.29lb/ft3Refer to Hysis Simulation453.12kg/m3Liquid surface tension3.36dyne/cmRefer to Hysis Simulation0.0034N/mTray spacing0.700mRange 0.15~1 mRefer to Coulson Richardson27.56inch0.3~0.6 m for column diameter above 1 mUV [maximum vapor velocity causing excessive entrainment & pressure drop]0.17m/secEq 11-79 Coulson RichardsonDC [column diameter]1.41mEq 11-80 Coulson RichardsonFLV [liquid - vapour flow factor]0.44Eq 11-82 Coulson RichardsonK10.065Fig 11-27 Coulson RichardsonCorrected K10.05UF (flooding velocity]0.13m/secDesign flooding @maximum flow rate8500 %normally 70~90% flooding velocityDesign UF0.11m/sechigher vapour velocity give higher plate efficiencyhigher vapour velocity give higher risk of floodingSelected design UF0.11m/secVolumetric flow rate HC gas0.26m3/secNet area required2.33m2Down comer area1200 %Column cross sectional area2.65m2Column diameter1.84m1837.90mm72.36inchSelected column diameter1850.00mm1.85m72.83inchSelected column cross sectional area2.69m2Volumetric flow rate HC liquid3.72E-02m3/secTray Lay OutCross Flow (single pass)Fig 11-28 Coulson RichardsonProvisional Plate DesignDC [column diameter]1.85mAC [column area]2.69m2AD [downcomer area]0.32m2AN [net area]2.36m2AA [active area]2.04m2AH [hole area]540.0 %0.11m2LW/DC0.85normally 0.6~0.85 Fig 11-31 Coulson RichardsonLW [weir length]1.57mhW [weir height]40.00mm liquidnormally 40~90 mm for > atmosfericnormally 6~12 mm for vacuum applicationhigher weir height give better efficiencyhigher weir height give higher pressure dropHole size4.00mmnormally 2.5~5 mmlarger hole size for fouling dutyPlate thickness5.00mm5 mm for CS and 3 mm for SSCheck WeepingMaximum liquid rate16.87kg/secTurn down ratio8000 %good design sieve tray give range turndown 50~120% capacityMinimum liquid rate13.50kg/secMaximum hOW61.85mm liquidEq 11-85 Coulson RichardsonMinimum hOW53.30mm liquidRemarkOke > 10 mmthe height of liquid crest should be at least 10 mm @ lowest liquid ratehW + hOW93.30mm liquidK2 [weep point correlation]30.80Fig 11-30 Coulson RichardsonUH-MIN [minimum design vapour velocity through the hole]1.65m/secEq 11-84 Coulson RichardsonUH-Actual [minimum actual vapour velocity through hole]1.89m/secRemarkWeeping not occurPlate Pressure DropDry plate dropUH-MAX [maximum design vapour velocity through the hole]2.36m/secRatio plate thickness to hole diameter1.25Ratio AH to AA540.0 %CO [orifice coefficient]0.850Fig 11-34 Coulson RichardsonhD [pressure drop through the dry plate]42.20mm liquidEq 11-88 Coulson RichardsonResidual headhR [pressure drop as liquid surface tension, froth height and density]27.59mm liquidEq 11-89 Coulson RichardsonTotal pressure drop = hT = DPTOTALDPTOTAL171.63mm liquidEq 11-90 Coulson Richardson762.13Pa0.01bar0.111psiRemarkNot oke as higher than 0.1 psi pressure dropmaximum 0.1 psiDowncomer Liquid Back UphAP [height of the bottom edge of the appron above the plate]35.00mmheight is normally 5~10 mm below the outlet weir heightAAP [clearance area under downcomer]0.06m2Eq 11-93 Coulson RichardsonSelected AM0.06m2hDC [head loss in the downcomer]75.99mm liquidhB [back up in downcomer]349.47mm liquid1/2 x (plate spacing + weir height)370.00mm liquidRemarkOke as flooding not occur and tray spacing is acceptableDowncomer Residence TimetR [downcomer residence time]3.03secRemarkOke as > 3 secEq 11-95 Coulson RichardsonSelected Column DimensionSelected Column Diameter1850.0mm1.85m72.83inch6.07ftRemarkRe-iterate enriching section with selected diameterSelected Column Height21097.60mm21.10m830.61inch69.22ftSummary :Column Diameter1.9 m72.8 inchColumn Height (T/T)21.1 m69.2 ftRectifying/Enriching Section : Re-iterationProcess RequirementMass Flow Rate HC Gas82994.64lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis Simulation10.46kg/secMass Flow Rate HC Liquid59513.28lb/hrMax Value is Selected7.50kg/secVapour Density2.75lb/ft3Refer to Hysis Simulation44.02kg/m3Liquid Density27.83lb/ft3Refer to Hysis Simulation445.79kg/m3Liquid surface tension3.68dyne/cmRefer to Hysis Simulation0.0037N/mTray spacing0.700mRange 0.15~1 mRefer to Coulson Richardson27.56inch0.3~0.6 m for column diameter above 1 mUV [maximum vapor velocity causing excessive entrainment & pressure drop]0.18m/secEq 11-79 Coulson RichardsonDC [column diameter]1.31mEq 11-80 Coulson RichardsonFLV [liquid - vapour flow factor]0.23Eq 11-82 Coulson RichardsonK10.082Fig 11-27 Coulson RichardsonCorrected K10.06UF (flooding velocity]0.18m/secDesign flooding @maximum flow rate8500 %normally 70~90% flooding velocityDesign UF0.15m/sechigher vapour velocity give higher plate efficiencyhigher vapour velocity give higher risk of floodingSelected design UF0.15m/secVolumetric flow rate HC gas0.24m3/secNet area required1.58m2Down comer area1200 %Column cross sectional area1.80m2Column diameter1.51m1513.88mm59.60inchSelected column diameter1850.00mm1.85m72.83inchSelected column cross sectional area2.69m2Volumetric flow rate HC liquid1.68E-02m3/secTray Lay OutCross Flow (single pass)Fig 11-28 Coulson RichardsonProvisional Plate DesignDC [column diameter]1.85mAC [column area]2.69m2AD [downcomer area]0.32m2AN [net area]2.36m2AA [active area]2.04m2AH [hole area]540.0 %0.11m2LW/DC0.85normally 0.6~0.85 Fig 11-31 Coulson RichardsonLW [weir length]1.57mhW [weir height]40.00mm liquidnormally 40~90 mm for > atmosfericnormally 6~12 mm for vacuum applicationhigher weir height give better efficiencyhigher weir height give higher pressure dropHole size4.00mmnormally 2.5~5 mmlarger hole size for fouling dutyPlate thickness5.00mm5 mm for CS and 3 mm for SSCheck WeepingMaximum liquid rate7.50kg/secTurn down ratio8000 %good design sieve tray give range turndown 50~120% capacityMinimum liquid rate6.00kg/secMaximum hOW36.41mm liquidEq 11-85 Coulson RichardsonMinimum hOW31.38mm liquidRemarkOke > 10 mmthe height of liquid crest should be at least 10 mm @ lowest liquid ratehW + hOW71.38mm liquidK2 [weep point correlation]30.50Fig 11-30 Coulson RichardsonUH-MIN [minimum design vapour velocity through the hole]1.69m/secEq 11-84 Coulson RichardsonUH-Actual [minimum actual vapour velocity through hole]1.72m/secRemarkWeeping not occurPlate Pressure DropDry plate dropUH-MAX [maximum design vapour velocity through the hole]2.15m/secRatio plate thickness to hole diameter1.25Ratio AH to AA540.0 %CO [orifice coefficient]0.875Fig 11-34 Coulson RichardsonhD [pressure drop through the dry plate]30.54mm liquidEq 11-88 Coulson RichardsonResidual headhR [pressure drop as liquid surface tension, froth height and density]28.04mm liquidEq 11-89 Coulson RichardsonTotal pressure drop = hT = DPTOTALDPTOTAL134.99mm liquidEq 11-90 Coulson Richardson589.72Pa0.01bar0.09psiRemarkOke as lower than 0.1 psi pressure dropmaximum 0.1 psiDowncomer Liquid Back UphAP [height of the bottom edge of the appron above the plate]35.00mmheight is normally 5~10 mm below the outlet weir heightAAP [clearance area under downcomer]0.06m2Eq 11-93 Coulson RichardsonSelected AM0.06m2hDC [head loss in the downcomer]15.51mm liquidhB [back up in downcomer]226.90mm liquid1/2 x (plate spacing + weir height)370.00mm liquidRemarkOke as flooding not occur and tray spacing is acceptableDowncomer Residence TimetR [downcomer residence time]4.35secRemarkOke as > 3 secEq 11-95 Coulson Richardson

Packed Column-GPSASIZING COLUMN DISTILATION (C'' FACTOR METHOD)Rectifying/Enriching Section :Process RequirementVapour Density2.7lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Gas82994.6lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationFlow Rate HC Gas30203.9ft3/hrLiquid Rate268.8GPM61.1m3/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Density27.8lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.7dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Liquid59513.3lb/hrMax Value is SelectedLiquid Viscosity0.1cPRefer to Hysis SimulationDiameter Column Calculation, with C Factor MethodA1 = Ratio Mass Flow Rate HC Liquid to Gas0.7A2 = (V/L)1/20.3A1 x A20.225DP0.5inch water/ ft of packingnormally 0.2~0.6 inch water/ft of packing1.2E-03bar/ft of packingGP2 x mL0.1 x FP x (rW/rL)0.10.035Fig 19-22 GPSA32.17 x rV x (rL - rV)Packing/internal typePlastic pall ring 2 inch< 1 inch packing size for column diameter < 0.3 mRefer Coulson Richardson1~1.5 inch packing size for column diameter 0.3~0.9 m2~3 inch packing size for column diameter > 0.9 mFP [packing factor]26.0Fig 19-23 GPSAGp23.6Gp1.9lb/ft2.secAC [column cross sectional area]12.2ft2DT (column diameter]3.9ft1.2m1203.1mm47.4inchDiameter Column Proposed1250.0mm1.3m49.2inch4.1ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray12.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage11.0eaAverage Column Temperature80.2CRefer to Hysis Simulation176.3FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.1Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.6Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.8Refer to Hysis SimulationFeed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.102cP0.102mNs/m2a.m0.181Plate Efficiency8100.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8100.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage13.6eaProposed Number of Stage14.0eaHETPHETP2.8ftFig 19-24 GPSA0.4~0.5 m for pall ring, sadle 1 inchRefer Coulson Richardson0.6~0.75 m for pall ring, sadle 1.5 inchRefer Coulson Richardson0.75~1 m for pall ring, sadle 2 inchRefer Coulson RichardsonHeight of Packing Bed39.2ftSpace3.3ftDistance between top tray to gas outlet nozzleAssumption1.0mHeight of Column42.5ft12.9m12948.2mmStripping Section :Process RequirementVapour Density3.0lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Gas100566.2lb/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationFlow Rate HC Gas33038.9ft3/hrLiquid Rate597.8GPM135.8m3/hrMax Value is SelectedRefer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Density28.3lb/ft3Refer to Hysis SimulationLiquid Surface Tension3.4dyne/cmRefer to Hysis SimulationMass Flow Rate HC Liquid133914.3lb/hrMax Value is SelectedLiquid Viscosity0.1cPRefer to Hysis SimulationDiameter Column Calculation, with C Factor MethodA1 = Ratio Mass Flow Rate HC Liquid to Gas1.3A2 = (V/L)1/20.3A1 x A20.437DP0.5inch water/ ft of packingnormally 0.2~0.6 inch water/ft of packing1.2E-03bar/ft of packingGP2 x mL0.1 x FP x (rW/rL)0.10.022Fig 19-22 GPSA32.17 x rV x (rL - rV)Packing/internal typePlastic pall ring 2 inch< 1 inch packing size for column diameter < 0.3 mRefer Coulson Richardson1~1.5 inch packing size for column diameter 0.3~0.9 m2~3 inch packing size for column diameter > 0.9 mFP [packing factor]26.0Fig 19-23 GPSAGp22.5Gp1.6lb/ft2.secAC [column cross sectional area]17.7ft2DT (column diameter]4.8ft1.4m1448.5mm57.0inchDiameter Column Proposed1450.0mm1.5m57.1inch4.8ftHeight of Column RequiredStage/Tray14.0eaIdeal StageRefer to Hysis SimulationSpace Inter Stage13.0eaAverage Column Temperature97.0CRefer to Hysis Simulation206.6FAverage Light Key Relative Volatility@average temperature1.4Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Heavy Key Relative Volatility@average temperature0.8Refer to Hysis SimulationAverage Light Key Relative Volatility to Heavy Key@average temperature1.7Refer to Hysis SimulationFeed viscosity@average temperature (m)0.069cP0.069mNs/m2a.m0.116Plate Efficiency8100.0 %Fig 19-18 GPSA8100.0 %Fig 11.13 Coulson RichardsonReal stage16.0eaProposed Number of Stage16.0eaHETPHETP2.8ftFig 19-24 GPSA0.4~0.5 m for pall ring, sadle 1 inchRefer Coulson Richardson0.6~0.75 m for pall ring, sadle 1.5 inchRefer Coulson Richardson0.75~1 m for pall ring, sadle 2 inchRefer Coulson RichardsonHeight of Packing Bed44.8ft13.7mColumn Area1.7m2Bottom Flow Rate33.6m3/hrLiquid Hold Up/Residence Time5.0minutesLow to High LevelVolume of Liquid Hold Up2.8m3Height of Liquid Hold Up1.7mHeight of Bottom Side1.9mInclude low low to high high level6.2ftHeight of Column15555mm15.6m51.0ftSelected Column DimensionSelected Column Diameter1450.0mm1.5m57.1inch4.8ftSelected Column Height28503.2mm28.5m1122.2inch93.5ftSummary :Column Diameter1.5 m57.1 inchColumn Height (T/T)28.5 m93.5 ft