four-dimensional sustainable e-services
DESCRIPTION
E-services are not sustainable, unless specifically designed for sustainability along four dimensions (4D): economical, technical, environmental, and social. Designing 4D-sustainable e-services is very complex, mainly due to the many challenges in communicating and assessing sustainability. This paper proposes a conceptual model that identifies the core elements of 4D-sustainable e-services. Our goal is to enhance the shared understanding amongst sustainability stakeholders, while easing sustainability assessment and negotiation. We illustrate the value of the conceptual model using a real-life case study featuring an airport baggage handling system.TRANSCRIPT
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Maryam RazavianGiuseppe ProcacciantiDamian Andrew Tamburri
What is a sustainability model
We define a Sustainability Model as a tool to support the evaluation and visualization of Sustainability aspects.
A model is needed when we consider sustainability as a design problem, i. e. Design for sustainability
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Common Misunderstanding...
Most of the Sustainability Models aim at modeling sustainability itself as a concept, rather than modeling sustainability aspects.
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
255 (and counting!)
Services in our daily life
Banking
Paying Taxes
Sharing Medical History
E-Services : IT enabled services
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Software, Services and Sustainability
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
If we build it, will it last?
Society requires to rely on services that last, i.e., services that are sustainable. But …
London Ambulance Service
Dutch Electronic Health Record System
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Problem
Problem: Current e-services are not designed for sustainability
Challenge: Guide designing for sustainable e-services
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Our Approach
● Focused on e-services
● What does a sustainable e-service imply for each dimension?
● How can we represent the 4 Dimensions at the same time?
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Running Example - Baggage Handling Service
Airport
Ground Handler
Airline Airline
Security Provider
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Our Approach
Baggage Handling System
Economic Sustainability
Technical Sustainability
Environmental Sustainability
Social Sustainability
What does Sustainability imply?
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Sustainability as Positive Value Exchange
Airport Airline
Baggage Handler
Security Provider
ACTOR ACTORVALUE OBJECT
VALUE EXCHANGE
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Economic Sustainable E-Service
1. Actors2. Value Object3. Value Exchange4. Factors
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
4D-Sustainability: A Value Modeling Exercise
ACTOR VALUEOBJECT
VALUEEXCHANGE
FACTOR
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Our proposed Meta-model
Economic Sustainability of Baggage Handling
Actors Legal entities that are profit-and-loss responsible
Value Object
Something of economic value that satisfies a particular need
Value Exchange
An offering and a request
Factor Needs, QoS, beauty
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Economic Sustainable E-Service
1. Actors2. Value Object3. Value Exchange4. Factors
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Environmental Sustainability of Baggage Handling
Actors Entities that make use of ecosystem services
Value Object
Objects that hold natural capital and environmental value, e.g., Fuel.
Value Exchange
A consumption or use of ecosystem services, e.g., Fuel consumption.
FactorDrivers of change in ecosystem services that alter environmental value or natural capital of value exchange.
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Environmentally Sustainable E-Service
1. Actors2. Value Object3. Value Exchange4. Factors
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Socially Sustainable E-Service
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Technical Sustainability
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
How does it help?Economic
Technical
Social
Environmental
Negot
iatio
nTrade-off
analysis
Design
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Goal of our Model
● Compute a “number” that represents 4D-sustainable services
● Ease shared understanding between sustainability stakeholders
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
● Support the sustainability negotiations
Future directions
● Validation of our model in an industrial case study
● Elicit and embed metrics for quantitative analysis
● Develop a methodology for sustainable service design
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services
Thank you!
Four-Dimensional Sustainable E-Services