Four butterflies connected to their parents

offspring

parents

Population

Individuals

past

future

Pop

ulat

ion

Lin

eage

/ S

peci

esP

hylo

geny

A B C

The True History

A B C

A simplified representation

Representation of phylogenies

Tree Reading

Topological equivalence

Alexander CalderUntitled, 1941 sheet metal, wire, and paint

Project with David HornackWhippo dataset

Composite drawing from 2 MS Word clip art images

S. Freeman, J. C. Herron, Evolutionary analysis (Pearson/Prentice Hall, Upper Saddle River, NJ, ed. 3rd, 2004).

?

J. Gatesy, et al., Syst. Biol. 48, 6-20 (1999) p12.

Tree Building

How did you build it?

• Character based method

• Distance method– Rooted– Unrooted

How did you build it?

• UPGMA – Unweighted Pair Group Method with

Arithmatic Mean

• Neighbor Joining