Foundations of Web-Based Instructional Design

Foundational Areas of the WBID Model

Principles within Learning Theory Bases

Principles of Behaviorism that can be applied to WBID

• Practice– repetition; provide opportunity.

• Reinforcement– Better to apply positive re-inforcers.– Negative reinforcement is trickier.

• Active learning– Participation required

• Shaping and modeling– Modeling: demonstrating desired goal.– Shaping: reinforce towards goal.

Principles of Behaviorism that can be applied to WBID (let’s apply)

• Practice

• Reinforcement

• Active learning

• Shaping and modeling

Cognitive Learning Theories

• Emphasize information processing within learner’s mind.

• Not just what learner does; but how arrived at answer.

• Hands-on discovery learning.• Learner-centeredness.

– All learners have their own perspective, experience, and prior knowledge.

Cognitive Learning Theories

• Learning must be meaningful.

• Learning must consider prior knowledge.

• Learning must center instruction on the learner.

• How to apply…….

Constructivist Learning Theories

• Learners construct meaning based on their own experiences and through a social negotiation of that meaning during learning.

• Learners interact and build their own knowledge and skills.

• Learners construct knowledge from information received.

• Focus on learner within a social setting.

Constructivist Learning Theories - Webquests

• Pose a problem• Provide a framework with team member roles and

activities• Path to solution is open.• Sections

– Introduction– Tasks– Process– Evaluation– Conclusion

Constructivist Learning Theories - Webquests

• http://webquest.sdsu.edu/

• http://www.teachersfirst.com/summer/webquest/quest-a.shtml

• http://bestwebquests.com/

Systems Theory

• Closed vs. open systems.

• Systematic vs. Systemic– Systematic: organized approach to developing

instructional innovation.– Systemic: innovation disseminated and diffused

throughout entire organization.

• Instructional design is iterative.

Communication Theory

•Role of Noise•Message Design includes

•Text•Graphics•Placement

•Navigation Tools•Help systems

Instructional Design Models

• ADDIE model – analysis, design, development, implementation, evaluation.– Emphasis on micro-level design.

• Macro-level design – emphasis on entire curricula.

• Rapid prototyping.

Overview of WBID Model