foundations of nursing research sixth edition chapter copyright ©2012 by pearson education, inc....
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FOUNDATIONS OFFOUNDATIONS OFNURSING RESEARCHNURSING RESEARCH
Sixth Edition
CHAPTER
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Identifying Nursing Research Problems
5
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
1. Identify Sources Of Nursing Research Problems
2. Determine Factors To Be Considered When Choosing An Appropriate Topic For A Research Study
3. List The Criteria To Be Considered When Writing A Research Question
4. Discuss The Format For Writing A Research Question
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning ObjectivesLearning Objectives
5. Write Research Questions For Proposed Nursing Studies
6. Critique Problem Statements, Purpose Statements, And Research Questions In Published Research Reports And Articles
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective OneLearning Objective One
Identify Sources Of Nursing Research Problems
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
The Research ProblemThe Research Problem
• Critical first step• Difficult for beginners• Expectation of nursing students• Gives direction to the study• Helps the reader evaluate the research
article
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Sources of Nursing Research Sources of Nursing Research ProblemsProblems
• Personal experiences– Important source– Instances that produced questions
• Literature sources– Recommendations for further studies
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Sources of Nursing Research Sources of Nursing Research ProblemsProblems
• Existing theories– Test, review, and validate– Needed in nursing
• Previous research– Importance of replication studies
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective TwoLearning Objective Two
Determine Factors To Be Considered When Choosing An Appropriate
Topic For A Research Study
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Ethical ConsiderationsEthical Considerations
• Ethical laws • Professional organizations • Institutional review boards
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Significance to NursingSignificance to Nursing
• Will clients benefit from the findings?• Will health care professionals benefit from
the findings?• Will the findings add to our nursing body of
knowledge?• Can nurses use the results?
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Personal MotivationPersonal Motivation
• Researcher must be interested in the topic.
• Study becomes “a treasure hunt.”• Results will be rewarding to researcher.
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Researcher QualificationsResearcher Qualifications
• Advanced educational preparation• Undergraduate students encouraged • Collaboration among varying skill levels
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Feasibility of StudyFeasibility of Study
• Helps guide completion for the study• Consider the time factor• Determine the cost factor• Identify equipment and supplies• Think about administrative and peer
support• See if subjects are available
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective ThreeLearning Objective Three
List The Criteria To Be Considered When Writing A Research Question
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Research Question CriteriaResearch Question Criteria
• Interrogative sentence form• Includes population• Includes variable(s)• Empirically testable
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Interrogative Sentence FormInterrogative Sentence Form
• Not declarative• Demands an answer • Grammatically correct and complete• Understandable and easy to respond to
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Population of the StudyPopulation of the Study
• Narrow down to main group of interest• Not specific study population
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
The Variable(s) for the Study The Variable(s) for the Study
• Univariate study– One variable– Exploratory in nature
• Bivariate study– Two variables– Independent variable—cause– Dependent variable—effect– Correlation studies
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
The Variable(s) for the Study The Variable(s) for the Study
• Multivariate study– More than two variables– Becoming increasingly common– Interaction of the variables
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Empirically TestableEmpirically Testable
• Data from sense organs• Ethical and value issues not appropriate• Avoid cause-and-effect words
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective FourLearning Objective Four
Discuss The Format For Writing A Research Question
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Correlational and Comparative Correlational and Comparative Research QuestionsResearch Questions
• Correlational statement– More than one variable– Independent and dependent variables
• Comparative statement– Descriptive or experimental study– More than one variable– Independent and dependent variables
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Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Neutral and NonpredictiveNeutral and Nonpredictive
• Little knowledge or information• Literature search may help in selecting
type.
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective FiveLearning Objective Five
Write Research Questions For Proposed Nursing Studies
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Writing Problem StatementsWriting Problem Statements
• Correlational statement format• Comparative descriptive format• Comparative experimental format• Substitute other variables for X and Y.
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Learning Objective SixLearning Objective Six
Critique Problem Statements, Purpose Statements, And Research Questions In Published Research Reports And Articles
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Location of Problem StatementLocation of Problem Statement
• The beginning of research article• The abstract often includes it.• The end of the introductory section
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Questions to Evaluate Problem Questions to Evaluate Problem StatementStatement
• Is the research problem area clear?• Is there a succinct problem statement,
purpose statement, or research question?• Are the study variables and the population
included?• Was the study quantitative or qualitative?• Were empirical data gathered on the topic
of interest?
Copyright ©2012 by Pearson Education, Inc.All rights reserved.
Foundations of Nursing Research, Sixth EditionRose Marie Nieswiadomy
Questions to Evaluate Problem Questions to Evaluate Problem StatementStatement
• Was the study ethical?• Is the feasibility of the study evident?• Is the significance to nursing apparent?