fortification of palm oil in indonesia: from research to … drajat m - fortifikasi... ·...

Fortification of Palm Oil in Indonesia: From Research to Mandatory SNI

By

Drajat Martianto

FACULTY MEMBER AT THE DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY NUTRITION, FACULTY OF HUMAN ECOLOGY, BOGOR AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY

INDONESIA NUTRITION FOUNDATION FOR FOOD FORTIFICATION (KFI)

Jogjakarta, 27 November 2014

27 November 2014 Drajat Martianto 1

OUTLINE

BACKGROUND : WHY PALM OIL FORTIFICATION WITH VITAMIN A?

STEPS TOWARD MANDATORY PALM OIL FORTIFICATION

LESSONS LEARNT

WHAT NEXT


• Xerophthalmia has decreased to 0.33% in 1992, a level at which vitamin A deficiency was no longer considered a public health problem (Muhilal et al,1994) The reduction mainly due to success of the national campaign to provide a high-dose vitamin A capsule twice a year to children under 5 years however: • VAD as indicated by serum retinol concentrations < 0.7 umol/L persists as a public health problem (affecting 10% to > 50%) of population subgroups according to some studies

27 November 2014 3 Drajat Martianto

VAD REMAIN A PROBLEM IN INDONESIA

Complementary Interventions To Control Micronutrient Deficiensies

Improve Food and Nutrition

Security

Fortified Foods

Dietary Diversity

Supplementation

Improved Crop Productivity

Crop Biofortification

Nutrition

Education

4 27 November 2014 Drajat Martianto

5

GLOBAL STRATEGY TO ELIMINATE MICRONUTRIENT DEFICIENCIES (V.Mannar, MI, 2003’ Soekirman, 2008)

Supplementation

T I M E

Rel

ativ

e co

ntr

ibu

tio

n o

f

inte

rven

tio

ns

to e

lim

inat

e M

ND

Fortification

Balance Diet

27 November 2014 Drajat Martianto

• Vitamin A = oil soluble • Vitamin A stable in cooking oil • Cooking Oil (lipids) help improve

absorption and utilization of Vitamin A • Cooking (palm) Oil widely consumed, even

by the poor • Technology established, simple • Very low additional cost (< 0.5%)

Vitamin A Fortification of Cooking (Palm) Oil (Abraham, V. 2001. Fortification of Edible Oils with Vitamin A in Asia: - Fact or Fantasy)


• Mixing

•pre-dilution of vitamin A

•Mix homogeneusly at mixing tank using turbin or propeller, or using dosifier

• Properly packed

• Avoid sunlight during distribution and storage

Packaging Mixing Tank

Eg. 8 tons

Pre-dilution

Simple technology


http://rds.yahoo.com/_ylt=A0S020kq2OtJDFkBdtCJzbkF;_ylu=X3oDMTBqamdoM3Q5BHBvcwMxMgRzZWMDc3IEdnRpZAM-/SIG=1glq7is53/EXP=1240279466/**http:/images.search.yahoo.com/images/view?back=http://images.search.yahoo.com/search/images?p=Beaker&fr=yfp-t-501&ei=utf-8&x=wrt&y=Search&w=210&h=268&imgurl=www.chip.umn.edu/img/assets/8220/HCC_MedTech_Beaker.jpg&rurl=http://www.chip.umn.edu/img/assets/8220&size=12.5kB&name=HCC_MedTech_Beak...&p=Beaker&oid=91339e3c181a9f0c&no=12&tt=98652&sigr=117fdtiv6&sigi=11niqg4hi&sigb=12qspp7nc

POLA KONSUMSI PANGAN

MASYARAKAT DAPAT

BERUBAH MELALUI

borrowing,

diffusion

migration

education

regulation


MOST FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTIONS

Important: Study of Oil consumption Distribution Efficacy Efectiveness Cost Effectiveness

INDUSTRY QUESTIONS:

Is it necessary?

Is there any academic evidences of the efficacy?

What cost and who pay the cost?

Is the government QC system “ready”?

What is (are) the risk(s) and who will pay?

What is the implication of uncompliance?

What is the sustainability of investment?

Etc..

CONSUMER QUESTIONS:

What are the health benefits?

What cost and who will pay the cost?

Is it safe? (short and long term)?

Will it reduce the quality of oil and food?

Will it change the buying, storage, and handling habits? Etc..

Study results: PALM OIL IS AMONG BEST CARRIER OF VITAMIN A, WIDELY CONSUMED BY INDONESIAN

18

.6

15

.9

17

.4

21

.9

32

.2

23

.7

19

.5

24

.3

25

.8

22

.5 25

.7

24

.2

23

.2

22

.1

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

Medan Deli

Serdang

Surabaya Malang Bogor Bekasi Total

Konsumsi Minyak Goreng pada Rumahtangga Miskin

dan No- Miskin (G/kap/hr)

Miskin

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

20 I 20 II 20 III 20 IV 20 V

KONSUMSI (gram/hr)

COOKING OIL CONSUMPTION BY QUINTILE OF INCOME (NATIONAL

Desa Kota INDONESIA

• Consumed by almost hundred percent of households based on national socio-economic surveys

• KFI and MI study: average cooking oil intake 23.5 g/day; 20.5 g/day among women, and among U-5 children 17.3 g/day

• Litle variation among economic strata


73

27

KFI and MI Study, 2004/05 - Number of Refinery +/- 30 - More than 70 percent of

plam oil are unbranded, unpacked only mandatory fortification will be effective

- Turnover of unbranded palm oil less than 1 month

UNBRANDED

BRANDED


Study on Cooking Oil Distribution Chain and Turnover of Unbranded Oil (KFI & MI, 2004/2005)

Source: (KFI & MI, 2005)


OUTLINE

Background

STEPS TOWARD MANDATORY

PALM OIL FORTIFICATION

LESSONS LEARNT

WHAT NEXT


MANDATED SNI & PACKAGING OF UNBRANDED PALM OIL

2

3

5

• WORKSHOPS, COUNTRY INVESTMENT PLAN • FEASIBILITY STUDIES

1

> 2015

2009-2010

2008-2009

2002-2008

• PILOT PROJECT AT MAKASSAR (SMALL TRIAL) • EVECTIVENESS STUDY

• ADVOCACY AND ESTABLISHMENT OF PPP • NATIONAL STRATEGY (NATIONAL FOOD AND NUTRITION ACTION PLAN) INCLUDES VITAMIN A FORTIFICATION

13 Drajat Martianto

STEPS TOWARD MANDATORY PALM OIL FORTIFICATION

4

2010-2014

• SCALING UP • FURTHER EFFECTIVENESS AND STABI- LITY STUDY • ISSUANCE OF NATIONAL STANDARD (SNI) • NOTIFICATION TO WTO FOR MANDATORY PALM OIL FORTIFICATION

27 November 2014

INITIATING PUBLIC-PRIVATE INITIATIVE: THE CHALLANGES


How to bring Public-Private

Dialogue and Investment to:

Integrate public health activities with business models for efficiency and sustainability

Integrate business models with health objectives for increased impact on micronutrient deficiencies

GOOD

HEALTH

G O O D B U S I N E S S

courtesy of Barbara Lochman, ADB (2010)

Step 1: “Create stakeholder awareness”

• Conduct series of work-shops, seminar, dialoques since 2002 (KFI, MoH, MoI, etc)

• Develop a Country Investmen Plan (CIP) in 2003 (CFNS IPB, MoF, etc)

• Feasibility Studies (KFI, MI, IPB, Health Politechnique Jakarta + 5 provinces)


• Funded by ADB-JFPR Project through MOH (Nutrition Division)

• Managed by KFI-MoH, involving

Universities, Local Government officials and Oil Distributor

• Almost 2 years spent to find industry partner (“CV TERONG”)

• Distributed exclussively at Barranglompo Island for reasearch purposes, and for other consumer at Makassar City through normal distribution


Step 2: “PILOT PHASE: colecting evidences through field trial”

Activities • Advocacy to local govt and industries • Development of Small Scale Vitamin

A Fortification (SSF) of Palm Oil (production capacity 8 tons per day) – but, real production for Pilot was only 200 tons

• Homogeneity & Stability in Production and Distribution

• Vitamin A Retention in Oil and Food • Consumer Acceptance & Willingnes

to pay) • Expert Product Panels • Nutrition & Biological Impact


Step 2: “PILOT PHASE: colecting evidences through field trial”

• Prevalensi KVA (RE<20 mg/dl) menurun sedikitnya 50% pada semua

kelompok umur

• Penurunan prevalensi KVA dari Baseline ke Endline terjadi sangat signifikan.

Result of KFI-GAIN-MoH study in Tasikmalaya and

Ciamis (Sanjaya et al, 2013)

0%

5%

10%

15%

20%

Vita

min

A d

efic

ien

cy (s

eru

m

Ret

ino

l <20

ug

/dL

, CR

P/A

GP

-ad

just

ed

Baseline July 2011

Endline July 2012

18 27 November 2014 Drajat Martianto

KEY FINDINGS DURING DISTRIBUTION

Vitamin A stable during distribution

Stable during frying (retention of Vit A ranged from 54% after 3rd frying up to 94% at 1st frying)

Consumer acceptance confirmed

Willingnes to buy at additional cost of max Rp100,-

Makassar Study; Biological impact confirmed Mean of retinol serum rises from 23.3 µg/dl to 26.6 µg/dl (3.3 µg/dl) and Prevalence of VAD decreases 8.6 % points or 32%.


Step 3: “Advocacy: Put Oil fortification at National Policy”

• Conduct series of advocacy to government and industries

• Establishment of National Fortification alliance (NFA) (by Ministry of National Planning/Bappenas) to assist the Govt’ to control VAD by stregnthening the policy, legislation and regulation

• SC headed by Bappenas: members: industries, regulatory and monitoring bodies, bilateral agencies, adamics

• Control VAD through oil fortification icnluded at National Food and Nutrition Plan Action 2011-2015


2015

Step 4: “SCALING UP: FIND THE CHAMPION INDUSTRY AND ESTABLISH SNI” • Funds supported by GAIN (through KFI) and GoI (Bappenas, MoH,

MoI, for reasearch and meetings)

• Stakeholders involve:

Government :

Ministry of National Planning/Bappenas,

MoH, MoI, MoT, BPOM

Industries:

Wilmar (since 2010: 2 refineries: South Sumatra and Jambi;

distributed to Jambi, West Sumatra, West and Central Java)

Mega Surya Mas/MSM – East Java (since 2010: distrubuted to

East Java, and some to Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and Kalimantan),

Asian Agri-Jakarta (2013) ; Wings Food-East Java (2013)

Research Center:

SEAFAST, Reasearch and Development Bureau MoH


Step 4: “SCALING UP: FIND THE CHAMPION INDUSTRY AND ESTABLISH SNI”

ACTIVITIES: • STRENGTHENING SOCIAL

MARKETING AND ADVOCACY • SUPPORTING PRODUCTION AT

INDUSTRY AND DISTRIBUTION (initial target: 2.3 million tons

unbranded palm oil fortified and consumed by 125 million of people)

• FURTHER EFFECTIVENESS AND STABILITY STUDY

• STRENGTHENING MONITORING AN EVALUATION (QA/QC)

• LEGISLATION: ESTABLISHING NATIONAL STANDARD (SNI)


Step 4: “SCALING UP: FIND THE CHAMPION INDUSTRY AND ESTABLISH SNI”

PROGRESS: • Series of advocacy through TV dialogues,

workshops have been done • 5 big industries involve in production (multiplier effect: 4 branded oil are

fortified at present : SUNCO, SOFIA, FORVITA, and ROSEBRAND) • SNI 7709-2012 issued by BSN Mandatory SNI is expected to be

launched at the end of 2013/early 2014 • QA/QC system is being developed, the

QC team (BPOM and industry) have been trained, incl. using Icheck Chroma


Copy

SNI 7709:2012

SNI STANDAR NASIONAL INDONESIA

-------------------------------------------------------------------------

National Standard of Indonesia

Minyak goreng sawit

(Palm Oil)

ICS 67.200.10 Badan Standardisasi Nasional

National Bureau of Standardization

Production of Fortified Palm Oil


Unbranded oil Branded oil

Wilmar 2 refineries: South Sumatra and Jambi; distributed to Jambi, West Sumatra, West and Central Java. Voluntary also produce branded fortified oil Mega Surya Mas/MSM: East Java; distrubuted to East Java, and some to Bali, Nusa Tenggara, and Kalimantan). Voluntary also produce branded fortified oil Asian Agri-Jakarta – production will start at end of October 2013 Wings Food-East Java – production will start end end of October 2013

OUTLINE

Background

STEPS TOWARD MANDATORY PALM OIL

FORTIFICATION

LESSONS LEARNED

WHAT NEXT


Key Success Factors of Food Fortification Program

• Political will from all stakeholders (government, industry, academics, civil society)

• Strong reaserch/academic evidences

• Assistance to industry in the beginning phase

• Sufficient regulations to support mandatory fortification

• Economic feasibility and the benefit for industry

• Continuous support from government, donors and health related NGO’s to maintain the program


Extensive advocacy for decision makers and the private sector

Industry needs to be engaged at early stage

Need scientific evidence what works at what cost

The Experience of ADB/JFPR PROJECT the Enriching Lives of the Urban Poor Project (Oil Fortification in

Makasar-Indonesia, Lochman, 2010)


Public Partners - Bappenas: coordination - Ministry of Health: Implementation and impact

evaluation National Food and Drug Administration/BPOM: QC Center for Food and Nutrition Research: Stability study,

Monitoring Ministry of Industry: National Standards devt, capacity

building Ministry of Trade: packaging

regulation

Private, Donors & NGO Partners MI : Consumption Survey, feasibility studies ADB : Pilot project JFPR capacity building GAIN : Scaling Up activities KFI : advocacy, training and effectiveness trial Cooking oil company: production of fortied oil marketing and distribution SAFO-GIZ: technical support capacity building Vit A Company: Supply vit A Reasearch Centers 27 November 2014 28 Drajat Martianto

OUTLINE

BACKGROUND

STEPS TOWARD MANDATORY PALM OIL

FORTIFICATION

LESSONS LEARNT

WHAT NEXT


What Next?

• Continuing advocacy and trainings for the Implementation of Mandatory fortification

(full implementation at 2015) • Implementation of

Mandatory Packaging for unbranded cooking oil (2015)

• Strengthening QA/QC


THANK YOU


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