form i, ia and environmental management plan...

FORM I, IA AND ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR THE PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION OF

ST. XAVIERS CATHOLIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL PROJECT AT CHUNKAN KADAI, NAGARCOIL,

KANYAKUMARI DIST, TAMILNADU

SUBMITTED BY

ST. XAVIERS CATHOLIC MEDICAL COLLEGE AND HOSPITAL PROJECT

Chunkankadai, Nagercoil – 629 003

PREPARED BY RAMKY ENVIRO ENGINEERS LTD. Gachibowli, Hyderabad – 500 032

OCTOBER 2015

EMP Report for the proposed St. Xaviers Catholic Medical college and hospital project at Chunkan kadai, Nagarcoil, Kanyakumari dist, Tamil Nadu

Ramky Enviro Engineers Pvt. Ltd. Page 1

Chapter 1 Introduction

1.1. Preamble

The Project is located in the Survey Nos. 100/1,2,3& 101/1pt of Alloor Village, Chunkankadai Kanyakumari dist, Tamil Nadu. The project has been planned with a view to benefit the people in and around Nagarcoil by providing improved and advance health care with educational facilities. The location of project is shown in Figure 1.1. The total project cost is 200 crores.

This report on Environmental Management Plan prepared by the Environmental Consultant, Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd, Hyderabad contains the details of proposed Hospital & College and its specific activities that have been considered for investigation of the significant adverse impacts. The report also provides specific measures that shall be put to practice to minimize the impact on the environment.

M/s Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd (REEL) is a Hyderabad based consultancy services provider for various environmental assignments. They are a well known company in the waste management sector with expertise in hazardous waste and bio-medical waste management. Besides waste management solutions, REEL provides consultancy services for carrying out EIA/ EMP studies, site assessments, Environmental Audits, Designs for Land-fills and ETP’s/ STP’s etc. REEL has a National Accreditation Board for Laboratories (NABL) under Department of Science & Technology (DoST), Government of India, and accredited laboratory at Hyderabad & with Ministry of Environment & Forests, Govt. of India where all the major analysis is carried out. The consultant also have the necessary NABET (National Accreditation Board of Education and Training) accreditation from Quality Council of India, for conducting EIA/ EMP studies and preparation of Environmental Management Plan.



Figure 1.1 Project Location Map

1.2. Need for EMP Studies

As per MoEF&CC Notification No: S.O. 1533 dated 14th

September 2006, all the Building and Construction projects require Environmental Clearance and categorized as Project / Activity 8 (a) and category as “B”.

All construction projects must co-exist satisfactorily with its surrounding environment so as to reduce the environmental impact caused due to this activity. To control the adverse

Proposed Project Site



impacts, a sound and safe environmental management plan has to be implemented by the proponents, which makes environmental protection as essential requirement along with profits. In order to assess the likely impacts arising out of the proposed project on the surrounding environment and evaluating means of alleviating the likely negative impacts, if any, from the proposed project, the– M/s. St. Xaviers Catholic Medical College and Hospital, has retained M/s. Ramky Enviro Engineers Ltd as their environmental consultant .

1.3. Justificationof the Project

There is a great need for improvisation in the Health Care Facilities. The proposed project is for the construction of St. Xaviers Catholic Medical College and hospital project at Chunkankadai, Nagarcoil, in Kanyakumari dist. aims at providing high class infrastructure to the Medical College Students and trains them with the most advanced technology in the medicinal field. With a most conducive environment in the Hospital, the students will have the opportunity to experience hands on training and exposure with the experts of medical field.

The proposed project is a Multisuper Specialty Hospital & Medical College will house 570 beds to serve the needs of the poor and thereby improve the health conditions of the economically back ward society.



Chapter 2 Project Description

2.1 Type of the Project The proposed project is for the construction of St. Xaviers Catholic Medical College and Hospital project at Chunkankadai, Nagarcoil, in Kanyakumari dist. The proposed Multi Super Specialty Hospital will accommodate additional 570 beds while the number of Medical College seats is about 500. The total population anticipated in the Project is about 4070 inmates. 2.2 Need of the Project Improvements in national economy and literacy rates have changed the patterns and extent of use of health services in the country. Now, people are increasingly becoming concerned about their health and are acquiring the ability to make a deliberate choice of the health services they need. It is in this scenario that the proposed Multi super specialty Hospital and Medical College will have social relevance and develop lead models for delivery of high quality medical care, which are efficient, affordable and humane.

2.3 Project Location

The Project is located in the Survey Nos. S.No 100/1,2,3& 101/1pt of Alloor Village, Chunkankadai Kanyakumari dist, Tamil Nadu.

The proposed is situated on a beautiful hillock at Chunkankadai in Kanyakumari District, Tamilnadu. Overlooking the Nagercoil - Thiruvananthapuram Highway (NH -47). The site is located 4.4 Km NNE from the Nagarcoil Railway Station.

The 10 km radius map of the project study area is given as Figure 2.1. Multiple radius of Topo map and google map is given in Figure 2.2 and 2.3 respectively. The project layout map of the project area is given as Figure 2.4.



Figure 2.1 - Base map of the study area (10 km Radius)



Figure 2.2 - Topo map of the study area (10 km Radius)



Figure 2.3 - Google Map



Figure 2.4 - Project Layout Map



2.4 Size and Magnitude of the Project The total area extent of the project covers 90875 Sq.m for the Multi Super Specialty Hospital and the total built-up area is 64314 Sq.m. The proposed Multi Super Specialty Hospital will accommodate additional 570 beds. The total population anticipated in the Project is about 4070 which includes staff, students, outpatients and inpatients

2.5 Land Area Details

The details of plot area and built-up area of the proposed project are provided in Table 2.1.

Table No: 2.1 - Land Break-up details S.No Description Total Area (Sq. m) Total Area %

1 Total Plot Area 116167 100% 2 Total Plinth Area 12923 11.12% 3 Roads & Pathways 14363 12.36% 4 Greenbelt 31492 27.10% 5 Parking Area 15888 13.67% 6 Other Utility Area 28 0.02% 7 Vacant Area 29737 25.59% 8 OSR Area 11736 10.10%

2.6 Site Features The environmental setting of the project is given in Table 2.2.

Table 2.2 - Site Selection Criteria Selection Criteria Details

Geographical Co-ordinates Latitude: 08°11'32.80"N Longitude: 77°22'49.90"E

Elevation above Mean sea level ~ 55 m above Mean Sea Level Present Land use of Project Site For Educational Use Zone, has certification from DTCP

Nearest Road NH 47 – 5.1 Km North Nearest Railway Station Aloor Railway Station – 1.2 km, W

Nagarcoil Railway Station – 4.4 km, NNE Nearest Airport Tiruvanamtapuram Airport 60Km, NW Defence Installation None Ecologically Sensitive areas (National Parks / Wild life sanctuaries / bio-sphere reserves within 10 Km)

None in the Study Area

Reserved / Protected Forest None in the study Area Nearest town/city Site is situated 20.1 km SE to Kanyakumari City Nearest Tourist Place Pechiparai Dam : 30 Km NNW

Mathoor Hanging Bridge : 19 Km NNW



Nearest Water Bodies / River / Sea

Veeranarayana Seri Pool : 0.7 Km SW Chunkankadi Lake : 0.7 Km NNW

Ground water level at the project site

16-17bgl

Rehabilitation and Resettlement Not Applicable Environmentally Fragile Area Not Applicable Seismic Zone Zone – III District covered under Drought Flood prone area

Not Applicable

2.7 Population Details

During construction stage, about 200persons including skilled, unskilled and professional work force will be required. This workforce will be hired locally in order to generate employment to the local people.

The proposed project is anticipated to have the following number of population during the operational phase.

2.8 Project Cost

Table 2.3 – Population Details

The project cost for the proposed Multi Super Specialty Hospital is about Rs. 300 Crores.

2.9 Infrastructure Requirement

The infrastructure requirement for the proposed upgradation of Medical college and Multi Super Specialty Hospital Project can be broadly classified into the following two heads:

• Basic Infrastructure which covers construction material (steel, cement, bricks, etc) Water, Power, Roads, Street lights, Strom water drains.

• Environmental Infrastructure which comprises of sewerage system for liquid waste collection and disposal, bio-medical and solid waste collection and disposal.

S.No Description Total Population

1 Inpatients (No: of Beds) 570 2 Outpatients/ Visitors 2100 3 Staff 900 4 Students Strength 500

Total 4070



2.4

2.5 2.10 Infrastructure details

2.6 2.10.1 Basic Infrastructure Requirement

2.7 2.10.1.1 Construction Material

The major materials required in the development project (construction projects) are steel, cement, bricks, metal, flooring tiles/stones, wood, sanitary and hardware items, electrical fittings, water, etc. All the items to be used in the proposed project are of good quality and as much as possible, ISI brand items will be used by procuring directly from the dealers or manufacturers. Local items sand, metal, bricks, etc will be procured through standard suppliers in the market.

Some of the important raw material required for the proposed project during the construction activity is listed in Table 2.4a. The estimated quantities for some of the raw materials are given in Table 2.4b.

S.No

Table 2.4a - Details of the Important Raw Materials Required

Description S.No Description 1 Concrete 5 Plastering, cement, sand, water A Cement 6 Fenestrations B Sand A Aluminium C Aggregate, fly ash, water B Glass 2 Form Works 7 Finishes A Shuttering material A Texture Finish B Scaffolding material B External Emulsion Paints 3 Steel C Aluminium Composite Panels A Steel(Reinforcement) D Internal Flooring Tiles 4 Masonary E External Paver tiles A Fly ash, bricks F Light roof material

S.No

Table 2.4b - Estimated quantities of construction materials

Construction Material Estimated Quantity 1 Steel 2100 MT

2 Sand 10200 m3

3 Aggregate 9500 m

4

3 Cement 6500 MT

5 Bricks Approx. 4600000 Nos

2.10.1.2 Water Requirement Fresh Water demand will be met through local body during Construction and Operation Phase. The drinking water demand will be met entirely through City Corporation



supplyand the disinfectedsewage will be disposed through Corporation common Sewer line. The details of water requirement for different activities of the proposed project are mentioned in Table 2.5 and the water balance diagram is provided in Figure 2.5.

Table 2.5 - Water Calculation

Intended Use Detail

Water requirement as per CPHEEO

guidelines

Break up of Water Requirements

Total Water Requirement

Fresh water Requirement

Recycled Water

LPCD KLD

Beds 570 450 256500 - 256500 257 Outpatients / Visitors 2100 15 31500 - 31500 32 Staffs 900 45 40500 - 40500 41 Students (DayScholars) 500 45 22500 - 22500 23 Lab / Research Centre - - 5000 - 5000 5 Laundary - - 25000 - 25000 25

Gardening 3.495

Ha 35000 / Ha - 122325 122325 122

Grant Total - - - - 503325 503

Figure 2.5 WATER BALANCE



2.10.1.3 Wastewater Generation The total quantity of wastewater that will be generated from the proposed project is about 309 KLD. The sources of waste water generation are furnished in Table 2.6.

S.No

Table 2.6 – Waste Water Generation

Sources Quantity (KLD) 1 Domestic Sewage 281 2 Laundry 4 3 Operation Theatre/ Laboratory & Research Centre 24

Total 309

2.10.1.4 Power and Utility Details The total power required for the proposed project during operational stage is 500 KVA which will be met from TNEB. During power failure, backup power will be supplied through DG sets.

Table 2.7 – DG set Details

SL. No Proposed DG sets 250 KVA – 2 Nos

2.10.1.5 Roads and street lights Transport is a basic infrastructure, which is usually a pre-requisite for day to day travel. The roads would be wide enough to meet emergency requirement for movement of fire engine, ambulance, etc. All the internal roads and along the periphery of the Project adequate street lighting are provided.

2.10.1.6 Parking Provisions Parking area of about 15888Sq.m will be provided for vehicles within the project site. In this project parking provisions for cars, two wheelers and ambulances will be provided at surface level.

S.No Table 2.8 - Parking details

Vehicles Parking Area Per Vehicle

(Sq.m)

Nos Parking area Allocated (Sq.m)

1 Cars 20 553 11060

2 Two Wheelers 5 467 150

3 Ambulances 50 3 2335

Total Parking Area Required 13545 Total Parking Area Provided 15888

2.10.1.7 Storm Water System All along the road network of the Multi Super Specialty Hospital storm water drains would be provided to collect water during rains. This will be adequately sized to prevent over flooding of the site. It is proposed to have ground water recharge system. Treatment

10 KLD



for silt, oil & grease removal will be provided to storm water before recharging into the ground. Overflow from the storm water of road / open space will be collected through road side storm water drains.

The storm water drains will be acting as recharge trench as the bottom will be lined and water will be diverted into the common storm water drain draining into the existing common storm water drain.

2.10.2 Environmental Requirement

2.10.2.1 Sewerage System for Liquid Waste Collection and Disposal The sewage generated during the operation phase will be treated with Secondary and Tertiary treatment process in a Sewage Treatment Plant (STP) of capacity 350 KLD. The treated sewage of 253KLD will be recycled/ reused for, flushing, horticulture etc. and the excess treated sewage, if any, will be let out through municipal sewer line. Laundry and bio-medical effluent will be segregated and treated separately in ETP. The treated bio-medical effluent will disposed through corporation sewer line.

2.10.2.2 Bio-Medical and Municipal Waste Generation It is envisaged, that about 705 Kg of total solid waste will be generated from the proposed project and about 780 Kg of Bio-medical waste will be generated. Suitable collection, storage, and disposal method is being carried out which will be continued and the Biomedical wastes will be handed over to the authorized common Bio-medical waste management treatment and disposal facility. The hazardous wastes such as Used oil will be sent to authorized recyclers and Chemical sludge from ETP to nearby TSDF.

S.No

Table 2.9 – Details of Solid Waste Generation

Details Population Solid Waste Generation

(Kg/capita/day)

Total Solid Waste Generation (Kg/day)

Bio-Medical Wastes 1 Beds 570 1.0 570

2 Out patients 2100 0.1 210

Total 780 Hazardous Wastes

3 Used Oil - - 0.2 T/Year

4 Chemical Sludge from ETP - - 2 Kg/day

Municipal Solid Wastes

5 Domestic Solid Waste

(Staff Quarters & Hostel)

900 0.657 591

6 Employees & Students 500 0.2 100

7 Bio Sludge from STP 120 KLD (Sewage) - 14

Total 705



Chapter‐3

Description of the Environment 3.1 Introduction Baseline environmental status in and around proposed project depicts the existing environmental conditions of air, noise, water, soil and traffic environment. With proposed project as the center, a radial distance of 10 Km is considered as ‘study area’ for baseline data collection and environmental monitoring. Baseline data was collected for various/environmental attributes so as to compute the impacts that are likely to arise due to proposed project. 3.2 Baseline Environmental Studies The main aim of the impact assessment study is to find out the impact of the project on the environment. This study is carried out during the project planning stage itself, so that the proponent can implement the project in a technically, financially and environmentally viable way. The success of any impact assessment study depends mainly on two factors. One is estimation of impact from proposed project on the environment and the second one is assessment of the environmental condition. Both are key factors to arrive at the post project scenario. The estimated impact due to the proposal can be superimposed over the existing conditions to arrive at the post project scenario. The scope of the baseline studies includes detailed characterization of following environmental components, which are most likely to be influenced by setting up an industry: Meteorological conditions Ambient Air Quality Noise Levels Water Quality (Surface + Ground water). Soil Quality and Traffic Study

3.2.1 Monitoring Period The baseline data generation for the Rapid EIA has been carried out during the July 2015). The data generation with respect to meteorological conditions, air pollution levels, noise levels, water quality, soil quality, and socio economic conditions were carried out during the study period. Secondary meteorological data has been collected from the IMD station of Thiruvananthapuram.

3.3 Meteorology Regional meteorological scenario helps to understand the trends of the climatic factors. It also helps in determining the sampling stations in predicting the post project environmental scenario. Meteorological Scenario exerts a critical influence on Air Quality as the pollution



arises from the interaction of atmospheric contaminants with adverse meteorological conditions such as temperature inversions. Atmospheric stability and topographical features like hills, canyons and valleys. The study of meteorological conditions forms an intrinsic part of the environment impact assessment study. The meteorological conditions of an area and the industrial process are both intertwined and each has a definite influence over the other. Favorable weather conditions and the surroundings help the successful operation of an industry, while the industrial activity influences the weather in both positive as well as negative ways. Summary of the climatologically data (IMD station Thiruvananthapuram) is presented here under. 3.3.1 Climatic Conditions The climate in the study region is generally dry, humid and hot and is characterized with seasonal variations as follows:

Winter December to February South West monsoon July to September Monsoon October to December Summer March to June

Summers are pretty humid and temperature reaches at 34 °C easily at that time. Summer months start from March and end in May. Monsoon months are from June till September with an average temperature of about 25 °C during the same time. Winters start from November and ends in February with an average temperature of 22 °C. Although, Nagercoil is located at a distance of only 20 km from Kanyakumari, temperature difference in the day stands at around 3 -4 degrees always. The critical weather elements that influence air pollution are wind speed, wind direction, temperature, which together determines atmosphere stability. Hence it is an indispensable part of any air pollution studies and required for interpretation of baseline information. The details of the temperature, relative humidity and rainfall observed during study period are given in Table 3.1.

Table 3.1 Observed Meteorological Data

Period

Temperature (o R. Humidity (%) C)

Rain fall (mm)

Predominant wind direction Blowing from Min Max Min Max

July -2015 29 32 23 94 0 NW Dispersion of different air pollutants released into the atmosphere has significant impacts on neighborhood air environment. The dispersion/dilution of the released pollutant over a large area will result in considerable reduction of the concentration of a pollutant. The dispersion in turn depends on the weather conditions like the wind speed, direction, temperature, relative



humidity, mixing height, cloud cover and also the rainfall in the area. Normally the impacts surrounding the project site are studied in detail. Wind speed and direction data recorded during the study period is useful in identifying the influence of meteorology on the air quality of the area. Based on the IMD meteorological data wind roses that is the diagrammatic representation of wind speed and wind direction along with their persistence for a fractional period of occurrence at a given location is constructed. Wind roses on sixteen sector basis have been drawn. Wind directions and wind speed frequency observed during study period month wise and for full one month is given in the below Table 3.2, wind rose diagram is given in Figure 3.1. The winds were predominantly recorded from NW closely followed by N during July 2015. Calm conditions prevailed for 12.23% of the total time and the average wind speed for the month of July is 2.44 m/sec.

Table 3.2 July 2015-Frequency Distribution Table

Wind Directions Wind Classes (m/s)

Total (%) 0.5-2.1 2.1-3.6 3.6- 5.7 > 5.7

N 4.97 2.42 2.28 1.75 11.42 NNE 1.61 1.08 1.08 0.54 4.30 NE 1.61 0.81 0.67 0.40 3.49 ENE 2.28 0.40 0.40 0.67 3.76 E 2.28 0.81 0.81 0.00 3.90 ESE 1.75 0.13 0.81 0.67 3.36 SE 1.48 0.54 0.81 0.67 3.49 SSE 1.75 0.27 0.67 0.54 3.23 S 2.55 0.40 0.27 0.27 3.49 SSW 1.08 1.21 0.81 0.40 3.49 SW 1.88 0.27 0.40 0.94 3.49 WSW 1.61 0.94 0.00 0.67 3.23 W 2.42 1.21 0.94 0.40 4.97 WNW 3.63 0.94 0.81 1.08 6.45 NW 6.32 3.36 2.02 2.69 14.38 NNW 5.91 1.75 2.28 1.34 11.29 Sub-Total 43.15 16.53 15.05 13.04 87.77 Calms (< 0.5 m/s) 12.23 Total 100 % Note: 1.Average Wind Speed – 2.44 m/s 2.All Values are in Percentage Note: All Values are in Percentage



Figure 3.1 Wind Rose Diagram – for the Month of July- 2015 3.4 Sampling Locations In order to identify the quality of Air, Noise, Water (both Surface and Groundwater), and Soil surrounding the project area, sampling locations are identified. The sampling locations which assist in studying the environmental quality of the study area are shown in the below figures. Basis for Selection of the Monitoring Locations The selection of the monitoring site criteria is based on the

Wind flow direction Drainage pattern like upstream and downstream of water bodies Topography /Terrain of the study area Density of population within region Residential and Sensitive areas Magnitude of surrounding industries if any Proximity of industrial activity if any



Figure 3.2 Air Sampling Location Map



Figure 3.3 Water Sampling Location Map



Figure 3.4 Noise Sampling Location Map



Figure 3.5 Soil Sampling Location Map



3.5 Ambient Air Quality The Ambient Air quality was monitored in the impact area as per MoEF guidelines. The study area represents mostly rural environment. The prime objective of the baseline Air quality study was to assess the existing Ambient Air quality of the area.

Parameters for Sampling & Sampling Frequency The baseline status of the ambient air quality has been assessed through a scientifically designed Ambient Air quality network. The design of monitoring network in the Air quality surveillance programme has been based on the following considerations: Meteorological parameters on synoptic scale Topography of the study area Representatives of regional background air quality for obtaining baseline status Representatives of likely impact areas.

Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) stations were set up at 5 locations with due consideration to the above mentioned points. AAQ locations were selected in downwind, cross wind and upwind direction of the proposed Project location. At each sampling station monitoring was carried out for a frequency of 2 days per week for 4 weeks in a month during study period. The Common Air pollutants namely Respirable Particulate Matter (PM<2.5µ, PM<10µ), Suspended Particulate Matter (SPM), Sulfur dioxide (SO2), Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx)and Ozone (O3

), were sampled on 8/24 hourly and results were averaged to 24 hours to meet the requirements of the MoEF and compared with the standards stipulated by CPCB.

Air Quality Scenario in the Study Area The existing concentration levels of Air pollutants of concern, as mentioned above, are presented in below Tables. Statistical parameters like minimum, maximum mean and 98th

percentiles have been computed from the observed raw data for all sampling stations. The observed values were compared with the standards given in below as prescribed by Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) for Industrial, Residential and Rural zone.

a) Particulate Matter <2.5µ & <10µ Particulate Matter (PM) is the term used for a mixture of solid particles and liquid droplets suspended in the air. These particles originate from a variety of sources, such as power plants, industrial processes, and diesel trucks, and they are formed in the atmosphere by transformation of gaseous emissions. Their chemical and physical compositions depend on location and time of year. Particulate matter is composed of both coarse and fine particles. Coarse particles (PM10) have an aerodynamic diameter between 2.5µ and 10µ. They are formed by mechanical disruption (e.g. crushing, grinding, and abrasion of surfaces) evaporation of sprays, and suspension of dust. PM10 is composed of alumina silicate and other oxides of crustal elements, and major sources including fugitive dust from roads, industry, agriculture, construction and demolition, and fly ash from fossil fuel combustion.



The lifetime of PM10 is from minutes to hours, and its travel distance varies from <1Km to 10 Km. Fine particles have an aerodynamic diameter less than 2.5µ (PM2.5). They differ from PM10 in origin and chemistry. These particles are formed from gas and condensation of high temperature vapors during combustion, and they are composed of various combinations of Sulfate compounds, Nitrate compounds, Carbon compounds, Ammonium, Hydrogen ion, organic compounds, metals (Pb, Cd, V, Ni, Cu, Zn, Mn and Fe), and Particle bound water. The major sources of PM2.5

are fossil fuel combustion, vegetation burning, and the smelting and processing of metals. Their lifetime is from days to weeks and travel distance ranges from 100s to >1000s Km.

The minimum and maximum level of Particulate Matter <2.5µ recorded within the study area were in the range of 11.4 to 19.9 µg/m3. The minimum and maximum level of Particulate Matter <10µ recorded within the study area were in the range 43.8of to 56.7 µg/m3

.

The 24 hourly average values of Particulate Matter <2.5µ & Particulate Matter <10µ were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and found that all sampling stations recorded values within the applicable limits of residential and rural area limits for all locations in study area.

Table 3.3 Ambient Air Quality PM-10 and PM-2.5, levels in the study area- µg/mLocation

3 PM-10, µg/m PM-2.5 µg/m3

Min

3

Max 98th Percentile Min Max 98th

Percentile A1 Project site 43.8 52.5 52.4 11.4 14.3 14.2 A2 Chunkankadai 46.3 53.6 53.6 13.1 15.9 15.9 A3 Veerani Aloor 46.6 54.5 54.4 14.3 16.8 16.8 A4 Iykiapuram 49.8 56.7 56.2 16.4 19.9 19.9 A5 Pothigai Nagar 44.8 55.4 54.2 15.5 18.8 18.7

NAASQ Standards 100 60 c) Sulfur Dioxide Sulfur dioxide gas is an inorganic gaseous pollutant. Sulfur dioxide emissions are expected to be emitted wherever combustion of any fuel containing sulfur takes place. The sulfur in the fuel will combine with oxygen to form sulfur dioxide. Sulfur trioxide and sulfuric acid mist are the other important pollutants in the sulfur group. In general, some of the important sources of sulfur dioxide are power stations, sulfuric acid plants, oil refining, boilers in utilities in any industry and domestic use of coal. The following sources of Sulfur dioxide in the study area are identified:

1. Emissions from domestic fuel (coal, diesel, etc.) 2. Emissions from DG sets used by industries and local residents



Information in the literature has indicated that the presence of sulfur dioxide in the photochemical smog reaction enhances the formation of visibility enhancing aerosols. Sulfur dioxide in atmosphere is significant because of its toxicity. Sulfur dioxide is capable of producing illness and lung injury. Further it can combine with water in the air to form toxic acid aerosols that can corrode metal surfaces, fabrics and the leaves of plants. Sulfur dioxide is irritating to the eyes and respiratory system. Excessive exposure to sulfur dioxide causes bronchial asthma and other breathing related diseases as it affects the lungs. The minimum and maximum level of SO2 recorded within the study area was in the range of 8.9 µg/m3 to 15.8 µg/m3. The 24 hourly average values of SO2 were compared with the National Ambient Air quality standards and it was found that the recorded values, of all the monitored locations, were much lower than the applicable limit of 80µg/m3

for residential and rural areas.

Table 3.4 Ambient Air Quality SO2

Location , in the study area- µg/m3 SO2, µg/m

Min 3

Max 98th Percentile A1 Project site 8.9 12.2 12.2 A2 Chunkankadai 9.3 12.8 12.7 A3 Veerani Aloor 11.2 13.5 13.5 A4 Iykiapuram 13.4 15.8 15.7 A5 Pothigai Nagar 11.1 14.3 14.3 NAASQ Standards 80

d) Oxides of Nitrogen Oxides of nitrogen are also inorganic gaseous pollutants, similar to Sulfur dioxide. The emission of Oxides of nitrogen occurs wherever combustion at high temperatures takes place. Nitrous oxide and nitric acid mist are the other important pollutants in the inorganic nitrogen group. In general, some of the important sources of oxides of nitrogen are boilers (Utilities) in any industry and Auto exhaust. In a metropolitan city, the NOx

The sources of oxides of nitrogen in the study area are identified:

levels are predominant due to automobile exhaust.

1. Emissions from industrial and domestic burning of coal. 2. Emissions from automobiles.

Oxides of nitrogen have far greater significance in photochemical smog reaction than any of the other inorganic gaseous contaminants. NOx in the presence of sunlight will undergo reactions with a number of organic compounds to produce all the effects associated with photochemical smog. NOx

has inherent ability to produce deleterious effects by themselves like toxicity. It acts as an asphyxiate when in concentrations great enough to reduce the normal oxygen supply from the air.

The minimum and maximum level of NOx recorded within the study area was in the range of 11.7 µg/m3 to 18.6 µg/m3. The 24 hourly average values of NOx were compared with the



national ambient air quality standards and it was found that all the sampling stations recorded values much lower than the applicable limit of 80 µg/m3

for residential and rural areas.

Table 3.5 Ambient Air Quality NOx,levels in the study area- µg/m3

Location NOx µg/m

Min

3

Max 98th Percentile

A1 Project site 11.7 14.9 14.9 A2 Chunkankadai 12.1 15.6 15.5 A3 Veerani Aloor 14.1 16.3 16.3 A4 Iykiapuram 16.2 18.6 18.6 A5 Pothigai Nagar 13.2 17.1 17.1

NAASQ Standards 80 e) Ozone (O3

Ozone (O)

3) or Trioxygen, is a triatomic molecule, consisting of three oxygen atoms. It is an allotrope of oxygen that is much less stable than the diatomic allotrope (O2

Table 3.6 Table Ozone Levels in the Study Area (µg/m

). Ozone in the lower atmosphere is an Air pollutant with harmful effects on the respiratory systems of animals and will burn sensitive plants; however the Ozone layer in the upper atmosphere is beneficial, preventing potentially damaging ultraviolet light from reaching the Earth’s surface. Ozone is present in low concentrations throughout the Earth’s atmosphere.

3

Location

) O3, µg/m

Min

3

Max 98th Percentile

A1 Project site 7.6 10.8 10.7 A2 Chunkankadai 8.7 11.7 11.7 A3 Veerani Aloor 11.2 14.5 14.4 A4 Iykiapuram 12.4 16.1 15.9 A5 Pothigai Nagar 10.3 13.9 13.8

NAASQ Standards(8,hours) 100 Note: Below Detectable Limit of O3 = 6µg/m3

The minimum and maximum level of O,

3 recorded within the study area was in the range of 7.6 µg/m3 to 16.1 µg/m3

.

The 8 hour average values of Ozone were compared with the national ambient air quality standards and found that the recorded values were within the applicable limits of residential and rural area limits for all the locations in study area.



Table 3.7 National Ambient Air Quality Standards

(Ministry of Environment & Forests, Notification, New Delhi 16th

S.

November 2009, Schedule VII)

No Pollutant Time weighted average

Concentration in Ambient Air

Method of Measurement Industrial, residential, rural and other area

Ecological sensitive area (Notify by Central Govt.)

1

Sulphur Dioxide Annual * 50 20 Improved West & Gaeke Method

SO2 µg/m 24 hrs** 3 80 80 Ultraviolet Fluorescence 2 Nitrogen Dioxide Annual* 40 30 Modified Jacob &

Hochheiser (Na-Arsenic) NO2 µg/m 24 hrs** 3 80 80 Chemiluminescence

3 Particulate Matter Annual * 60 60 Gravimetric Size Less Than 10 µm Or PM10 µg/m

24 hrs**

3

100 100 TOEM Beta Attenuation

4 Particulate Matter Size less Than 2.5 µm Or PM2.5 µg/m

Annual *

3

40 40 Gravimetric 24 hours** 60 60 TOEM Beta Attenuation

5 Ozone O3 µg/m 8 Hour** 3 100 100 UV Photometric 1 Hour** 180 180 Chemiluminescence

Chemical Method 6

Lead Pb µg/m Annual * 3 0.50 0.50 AAS/Icp method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper.

24 hours** 1.0 1.0 ED XRF using Teflon Filter

7 Carbon Monoxide CO mg/m

8 Hours** 3

02 02 Non Dispersive Infra Red (NDIR)

1 Hour** 04 04 Spectroscopy 8 Ammonia NH3

µg/mAnnual *

3 100 100 Chemiluminescence

24 hrs** 400 400 Indophenol Blue Method 9 Benzene (C6H6)

µg/mAnnual*

3 05 05 Gas Chromatography based

Continuous Analyzer Adsorption and desorption followed by GC analysis

10 Benzo(α) Pyrene (BaP) Particulate Phase only ng/m

Annual*

3

01 01 Solvent Extraction followed by HPLC/GC analysis

11 Arsenic As ng/m Annual* 3 06 06 AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

12 Nickel Ni ng/m Annual* 3 20 20 AAS/ICP method after sampling on EPM 2000 or equivalent filter paper

* Annual arithmetic mean of minimum 104 measurements in a year at a particular site taken twice a week 24 hourly at uniform intervals. ** 24hourly or 8 hourly or 1 hourly monitoring values, as applicable shall be complied with 98% of the

time in a year 2% of the time, they may exceed the limits but not on two consecutive days of monitoring.



NOTE: Whenever and Wherever monitoring results on two consecutive days of monitoring exceed the limits specifies above for the respective category, it shall be considered adequate reason to institute regular or continuous and further investigation.

3.6 Water Quality Surface water and ground water samples were collected from different sources within the study area and some important physical and chemical parameters including heavy metals were considered for depicting the baseline status of the study area. 3.6.1 Water Quality Assessment About 8 ground and 1 surface water samples were collected from the study area to assess the water quality during the study period. The ground water samples were drawn from the hand pumps and open wells being used by the villagers for their domestic needs. Surface water sampling was carried out from the rivers in the study area. 3.6.2 Water Quality Scenario in the Study Area The water samples collected from the above locations were analyzed for important major and minor ions, and the analytical results of the water samples were compared with IS: 10500 drinking water standards and the results are shown in below tables Table 3.8 Groundwater Sample Analysis Results

Parameter Unit Site (GW1)

Chunkankada (GW2)

Veerani Aloor (GW3)

Iykiapuram (GW4)

Pothigar (GW5)

Color Hazen 0.2 0.3 0.1 0.4 0.2

Odor - Un Obj Un Obj Un Obj Un Obj Un Obj

pH - 8.17 8.41 7.35 7.93 7.79 Turbidity NTU 1.7 1.1 1.9 1.0 1.0

Elec. Cond us 1194 1714 80 4379 2913 Total Dissolved solids mg/l 742 1053 49 2763 1868 Alkalinity as CaCO mg/l 3 331 381 16 674 486

Chlorides as Cl mg/l 161 297 12 760 560 Sulphates as SO mg/l 4 11 84 6 250 57 Nitrate as NO mg/l 3 1.2 7 2.2 13.3 8.8

Total Hardness as CaCO mg/l 3 230 282 28 649 508 Calcium as Ca mg/l 53 60 6 145 147

Magnesium as Mg mg/l 24 32 3 70 34

Sodium as Na mg/l 157 284 7 621 358

Potassium as K mg/l 3 4 1 34 22 Flouride as F mg/l 1.4 1.5 0.3 2.1 1.3

Iron as Fe mg/l <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2 <0.2



Table 3.9 Surface Water Sample Analysis Results

Parameter Unit Chunkankadai

pound Veerani

Aloor Pound Iykiapuram Alagulam pound

SW1 SW2 SW3 SW4

Colour Hazen 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 Odor - Un Obj Un Obj Un Obj Un Obj

pH - 7.4 7.72 7.68 7.34 Turbidity NTU 7 1.8 6.4 3.4 Elec. Cond us 213 260 145 146 Total Dissolved solids mg/l 132 164 89 94 Alkalinity as CaCO mg/l 3 71 66 49 33 Chlorides as Cl mg/l 21 31 12 19 Sulphates as SO mg/l 4 10 12 11 11 Nitrate as NO mg/l 3 2.6 3 2.0 1.9 Total Hardness as CaCO mg/l 3 56 56 47 37

Calcium as Ca mg/l 13 13 9 7

Magnesium as Mg mg/l 6 6 6 5

Sodium as Na mg/l 20 25 14 14

Potassium as K mg/l 4 5 3 3

Flouride as F mg/l 0.3 0.7 0.4 0.4

Iron as Fe mg/l <0.2 0.3 0.3 <0.2 DO mg/l 6 5.8 5.9 6.1

COD mg/l 38 15 15 15

BOD mg/l <4 <4 <4 <4 The pH limit fixed for drinking water samples as per IS: 10500 is 6.5 to 8.5 beyond this range the water will affect the mucus membrane and or water supply system. During the study period, the pH was varying for ground waters from 7.35 to 8.41 and in surface water the pH was varying for 7.34 to 7.72. The pH values for all the samples collected in the study area during study period were found to be within the limits. The acceptable limit for total dissolved solids as per IS: 10500 are 500 mg/l whereas the permissible limits in absence of alternate source are 2000 mg/l, beyond this palatability decreases and may cause gastro intestinal irritation. In ground water samples collected from the study area, the total dissolved solids are varying from 49 mg/l to 2763 mg/l. The TDS of all the samples were above the acceptable limit but within the permissible limit of 2000 mg/l. In surface waters the total dissolved solid was in the range of 89 mg/l to 164 mg/l which was within the permissible limit. The acceptable limit for chloride is 250mg/l as per IS: 10500 whereas the permissible limit of the same is 1000 mg/l beyond this limit taste, corrosion and palatability are affected. The Chloride levels in the ground water samples collected in the study area were ranging



from 12 mg/l to a maximum of 760 mg/l.Five samples are within the acceptable limits and three samples are above the acceptable limit but within the permissible limit. In surface water the chloride was in the range of 12 to 31 mg/l , which was within the permissible limits. The acceptable limit as per IS:10500 for hardness is 200 mg/l where as the permissible limit for the same is 600 mg/l beyond this limit encrustation in water supply structure and adverse effects on domestic use will be observed. In the ground water samples collected from the study area, the hardness is varying from 28 mg/l to 649 mg/l. All are above the acceptable limits and three samples are above the permissible limite. In surface water the hardness was in the range of 37 to 556 mg/l. The range was above the permissible limits. Fluoride is the other important parameter, which has the desirable limit of 1 mg/l and permissible limit of 1.5 mg/l. However the optimum content of fluoride in the drinking water is 0.6 to 1.5 mg/l. If the fluoride content is less than 0.6 mg/l it causes dental carries, above 1.5 mg/l it causes staining of tooth enamel, higher concentration in range of 3 - 10 mg/l causes fluorosis. In the ground water samples of study area the fluoride value were in the range of 0.3 to 2.1 mg/l. where as in the surface water the fluoride was in range of 0.3 to 0.7mg/l. Overall all the samples collected from the study area were found to be fit for human consumption; however the hardness, dissolved solids and most of ground water samples seem to be above acceptable limit but well within the permissible limits. 3.7 Noise Environment Noise can be defined as unwanted sound or sound in the wrong place at the wrong time. It can also be defined as any sound that is undesirable because it interferes with speech and hearing, is intense enough to damage hearing or is otherwise annoying. The definition noise as unwanted sound implies that it has an adverse effect on human beings and their environment, including land, structures, and domestic animals. Noise can also disturb natural wildlife and ecological systems. Sound can be transmitted through gases, liquids, and solids. Noise impacts can be of concern during the construction and the operational phases of projects. Noise should also be considered in relation to present and future land use zoning and policies. Construction noise can be a significant source of community noise. Of concern are impacts on people near the construction site, who are totally unrelated to construction activities (e.g. area residents, office workers, school children, staff, etc). Factors which are important in determining noise levels that will potentially impact such populations include distance from the noise source, natural or man-made barriers between the source and the impacted population, weather conditions which could potentially absorb, reflect, or focus sound (such as wind speed, direction, temperature inversions), and the scale and intensity of the particular construction phase (excavation, erection, or finishing). The Environment/health impacts of noise can vary from



noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) to annoyance depending on loudness of noise levels and tolerance levels of individual. 3.7.1 Sources of Noise The main sources of noise in the study area are domestic activities, industrial activities and vehicular traffic. The main occupation of the villagers in the study area is agricultural business. 3.7.2 Noise Levels in the Study Area Baseline noise levels have been monitored at 7 locations within the study zone, using a spot noise measurement device. At random noise level measurement locations were identified for assessment of existing noise level status, keeping in view the land use pattern, residential areas in villages, schools, bus stands, etc., the day levels of noise have been monitored during 6 AM to 10 PM and the night levels during 10 PM to 6 AM. The results are presented in Table 3.12. 3.7.3 Regional Scenario The noise levels observed in some of the rural areas are primarily owing to vehicular traffic and other anthropogenic activities. In rural areas, wind blowing and chirping of birds would contribute to noise levels especially during the nights. The day equivalents during the study period are ranging between 53.9 dB (A) to 54.9 dB (A). Where as, the night equivalents were in the range of 42.4 dB (A) to 43.9dB (A). From the results, it can be seen that the Day equivalents and the Night equivalents were within the Ambient Noise standards of residential and commercial area standards.

Table 3.10 Noise Levels in the Study Area – dB (A) Location N1 N2 N3 N4 N5 N6 N7

Standards Hours

Near Nursi

ng Colle

ge

Near Engineering College

Morning star

polytechnic College

Chunkankadai

Pothigai

Nagar

Iykiapuram

Veerani

Aloor

1 41.4 42.1 43.1 42.4 41.8 40.6 41.5

AA

Q S

tand

ards

in r

espe

ct o

f Noi

se S

O 1

23 (

E ) d

t 14th

AA

Q S

tand

ards

in r

espe

ct o

f Noi

se S

O 1

23 (

E ) d

t 14

Fe

b 20

00 –

Res

iden

tial A

rea

th

2

Fe

b 20

00 –

Com

mer

cial

Are

a

42.5 42.7 43.7 43.4 42.8 41.5 42.6 3 43.6 43.2 44.2 44.1 43.1 42.6 42.8 4 44.6 43.8 44.5 44.3 44.1 43.4 43.1 5 45.7 44.6 44.8 45.3 45.3 44.2 43.7 6 46.8 48.9 44.9 45.1 56.5 44.6 45.7 7 48.6 52.3 53.8 52.5 54.5 53.5 52.5 8 53.4 56.4 55.6 55.4 56.7 56.4 56.4 9 56.7 56.4 56.4 56.1 57.3 56.5 56.7 10 56.8 55.9 56.4 55.3 56.5 57.5 56.7 11 57.3 55.6 56.5 55.7 55.1 56.5 56.8 12 57.3 55.8 57.6 56.1 54.1 55.6 55.7 13 56.7 54.6 56.4 55.8 56.3 55.7 54.3 14 54.8 53.2 54.6 54.5 55.4 53.8 55.4 15 54.6 53.4 53.5 55.4 54.3 53.5 53.2 16 55.6 55.4 56.5 54.7 55.6 53.9 55.4 17 56.4 53.4 55.4 54.9 51.4 54.6 56.7



18 54.5 52.1 54.3 52.6 50.3 56.7 55.1 19 51.3 50.2 51.6 51.6 49.3 54.3 54.5 20 47.3 49.5 49.5 49.1 47.5 53.2 52.5 21 45.1 47.5 48.9 48.6 47.9 47.8 50.7 22 45.6 46.5 46.7 43.7 44.3 45.4 47.6 23 44.3 42.1 44.4 43.3 42.3 44.6 46.3 24 42.3 41.8 43.4 41.5 42.1 42.4 43.6

Min 41.4 41.8 43.1 41.5 41.8 40.6 41.5 Max 57.3 56.4 57.6 56.1 57.3 57.5 56.8 Lday 54.7 53.9 54.8 54.2 54.6 54.8 54.9 55 65

Lnight 43.1 42.9 43.9 42.8 42.4 42.6 43.9 45 55 3.8 Traffic Study The automobile source is currently the major source of air pollutant emission in many air quality impact analyses. A traffic study is required for the no-build alternative as well as the build-out alternative. This information is required to assess the Traffic density pattern of the region and to assist the proponent in planning vehicular movement during the project and the air quality due to vehicular emissions for the study period, should the project not be implemented whereas the latter information is required to assess the air quality for the study period should the project be implemented. The results are presented in Table 3.13(A), to 3.13(D).

Table 3.11 NH-47,Kanyakumari to Thiruvanthapuram (To & Fro)

Hours Two wheeler Three

Wheeler

Passenger cars & Pick-

up Vans

Heavy commercial

Vehicles (HCV) Total vehicles

v/hr PCU/hr(0.75) v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr Total Total PCU/hr

06-07 am 234 176 23 46 121 121 154 570 532 912 07-08 am 456 342 45 90 267 267 187 692 955 1391 08-09 am 743 557 54 108 458 458 265 981 1520 2104 09-10 am 1023 767 65 130 634 634 345 1277 2067 2808 10-11 am 1285 964 87 174 812 812 422 1561 2606 3511 11-12 pm 1023 767 76 152 723 723 412 1524 2234 3167 12-01 pm 823 617 64 128 685 685 376 1391 1948 2821 01-02 pm 897 673 53 106 623 623 343 1269 1916 2671 02-03 pm 987 740 35 70 578 578 289 1069 1889 2458 03-04 pm 1012 759 48 96 645 645 365 1351 2070 2851 04-05 pm 1178 884 53 106 765 765 403 1491 2399 3246 05-06 pm 1196 897 65 130 803 803 379 1402 2443 3232 06-07 pm 876 657 51 102 645 645 321 1188 1893 2592 07-08 pm 754 566 43 86 408 408 298 1103 1503 2162 08-09pm 654 491 32 64 312 312 254 940 1252 1806 09-10pm 321 241 22 44 165 165 265 981 773 1430 10-11pm 145 109 11 22 111 111 234 866 501 1108

Total 28501 40269 2 way/2 lane

Total Width of the Road :50 feet



The highest peak observed is 3511 PCU’s/hr as per IRC-106:1990 during 10.00 am to 11.00 am. A=Carrying Capacity of the Road (2 lane 2 ways):3600 PCU/Hr As per IRC:106-1990 Existing V/C Ratio 0.97 LOS = Level of Service (Existing) “E” LOS = Level of Service (after execution of project addition of 75 PCUs/hr) 0.99“E” V/C LOS Performance 0.0 - 0.2 A Excellent 0.2 – 0.4 B Very good 0.4 – 0.6 C Good 0.6 – 0.8 D Fair/Average 0.8 – 1.0 E Poor 1.0 & above F Very poor

Table 3.12 NH-47 to Village road (To & Fro)

Hours Two wheeler Three Wheeler

Passenger cars & Pick-

up Vans

Heavy commercial

Vehicles (HCV)

Total vehicles

v/hr PCU/hr(0.75) v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr v/hr PCU/hr Total Total PCU/hr 06-07 am 134 101 11 22 11 11 0 0 156 134 07-08 am 212 159 18 36 23 23 4 14.8 257 233 08-09 am 265 199 28 56 32 32 6 22.2 331 309 09-10 am 301 226 32 64 39 39 5 18.5 377 347 10-11 am 312 234 36 72 44 44 4 14.8 396 365 11-12 pm 287 215 33 66 39 39 3 11.1 362 331 12-01 pm 234 176 26 52 33 33 2 7.4 295 268 01-02 pm 213 160 24 48 27 27 2 7.4 266 242 02-03 pm 176 132 22 44 23 23 3 11.1 224 210 03-04 pm 143 107 18 36 21 21 4 14.8 186 179 04-05 pm 154 116 25 50 25 25 4 14.8 208 205 05-06 pm 167 125 29 58 28 28 2 7.4 226 219 06-07 pm 145 36 26 52 31 31 1 3.7 203 123 07-08 pm 112 84 23 46 27 27 0 0 162 157 08-09pm 87 65 19 38 14 14 1 3.7 121 121 09-10pm 45 34 14 28 7 7 0 0 66 69 10-11pm 23 17 8 16 2 2 0 0 33 35

Total 3869 3546 2 way/2 lane Total Width of the Road :20 feet The highest peak observed is 365 PCU’s/hr as per IRC-106:1990 during 10.00 am to 11.00 am. Carrying Capacity of the Road (2 lane 2 ways):1200 PCU/Hr As per IRC:106-1990 Existing V/C Ratio 0.3 LOS = Level of Service (Existing) “B” LOS = Level of Service (after execution of project addition of 75 PCUs/hr) 0.36“D” V/C LOS Performance 1.0 - 0.2 A Excellent



0.2 – 0.4 B Very good 0.4 – 0.6 C Good 0.6 – 0.8 D Fair/Average 0.8 – 1.0 E Poor 1.0 & above F Very poor As per the IRC: 106 -1990 recommendations, a 2 lane, 2 way road (Arterial road) can accommodate 3600 PCUs per hour. The highest peak observed is 3511 PCU/hr as IRC-106:1990 during 10am to 11am. At NH-47,Kanyakumari to Thiruvanthapuram (To & Fro) road, as per our traffic survey, is in the Poor class. in future after execution of the project even after addition of around 75 PCUs in peak hour, the level of service will be in poor class. Where as in normal time the level of service will be in fair/average class. As per the IRC: 106 -1990 recommendations, a 2 lane, 2 way road (Arterial road) can accommodate 3600 PCUs per hour. The highest peak observed is 365 PCU/hr as IRC-106:1990 during 10am to 11am. At NH-47 to Village road (To & Fro)as per our traffic survey, is in the very good class. in future after execution of the project even after addition of around 75 PCUs in peak hour, the level of service will be in very good class. The methodology adopted for carrying out the traffic study was to select the major road around the project site and count the various categories of vehicles moving on this road. 3.9 Soil Quality Studies The present study on soil quality establishes the baseline characteristics in the study area surrounding the project site. The study has been addressed with the following objectives. To determine the base line characteristics To determine the soil characteristics of proposed project site. To determine the impact of industrialization/urbanization on soil characteristics To determine the impacts on soils from agricultural productivity point of view.

Criteria Adopted for Selection of Sampling Locations For studying the soil types and soil characteristics, 5 sampling locations were selected to assess the existing soil conditions representing various land use conditions and geological features. The homogenized soil samples collected at different locations were packed in a polyethylene plastic bag and sealed. The sealed samples were sent to laboratory for analysis. The important physical, chemical parameter concentrations were determined from all samples. Regional Scenario The soil analysis results are shown in Table 3.15. The analytical results of the soil samples collected during the study period are summarized below. The pH of the soil is an important property; plants cannot grow in low and high pH value soils. The normal range of the soils in 6.0 to 8.5 is called as normal to saline soils.



Most of the essential nutrients like N, P, K, Cl and SO4

Table 3.13 Soil Analysis Results

are available for plant at the neutral pH except for Fe, Mn and Al which are available at low pH range. The soils having pH below 7 are considered to be acidic from the practical standpoint, those with pH less than 5.5 and which respond to liming may be considered to qualify to be designated as acid soils. On the basis of pH measurements, the degree of soil acidity may be indicated. The pH values in the study area are varying from 7.96 to 8.77 indicating that the soils are falling in normal to saline class.

Based on the electrical conductivity, the soils are classified into 4 groups (Normal, Critical for germination, Critical for growth of the sensitive crops, Injurious to most crops). The electrical conductivity in the study area is varying from 58 to 245 µs indicating that soils falling under Normal category. The organic mater in the study area is varying from 0.82 to 2.82 %, The other important

Parameters Unit Site Chunkankada

Veerani Aloor

Iykiapuram

Pothigar

Standard Soil Classification – (Indian Council of

Agricultural Research, New Delhi

Color Bricke

d Light gray

Light gray

Light gray

Light gray

Texture -- Loam Loam Clay Loam Loam Clay

Loam

EC ( 10% Solution) µs 58 137 114 66 245

Normal<1000, Critical for germination 1000-2000, Critical for growing 2000 - 4000, Injurious to

most crops>4000

pH ( 10% Solution) -- 8.35 8.77 8.34 7.96 8.06

Acidic<6.0, Normal to Saline 6.0-8.5, Tending to become Alkaline8.6 to 9.0, Alkaline

above9 Moisture % 7.2 11.5 19.9 6.3 4.4

Water holding capacity % 47.9 12 2.6 22.4 32.6

Bulk Density g/cc 1.1 1.4 1.9 1.2 1.2 Organic Carbon % 0.48 0.54 0.85 1.64 0.83 Low < 0.5 , Medium 0.5 – 0.75,

High > 0.75 Organic Matter % 0.82 0.92 1.46 2.82 1.43 Calcium as Ca mg/Kg 647 2327 3040 1370 1903 Magnisium as

Mg mg/Kg 277 716 406 323 254

Chlorides as Cl mg/Kg 123 221 197 172 271 Sulphate as

SO4 mg/Kg 34 62 55 48 76

Avai Potassium as K Kg/Ha 114 175 85 87 105 Low below 110, Medium 110-280

High above 280 Avai Nitrogen

as N Kg/Ha 302 327 296 282 370 Low below 280, Medium 280-560, High above 560

Avai Phosphates as

P Kg/Ha 27 67 63 36 69 Low below 10, Medium 10-25,High

above 25

Iron as Fe mg/Kg 0.26 1.8 3.5 0.1 0.2



parameters for characterization of soil for irrigation are N,P,K. Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium are known as primary nutrients, Calcium, Magnesium and Sulphur as secondary nutrients. The primary and secondary nutrient elements are known as major elements. This classification is based on their relative abundance, and not on their relative importance Nitrogen encourages the vegetative development of plants by imparting a healthy green colour to the leaves. It also controls, to some extent, the efficient utilization of phosphorus and potassium. Its deficiency retards growth and root development, turns the foliage yellowish or pale green, hastens maturity, causes the shriveling of grains and lowers crop yield. The older leaves are affected first. An excess of nitrogen produces leathery (and sometimes crinkled), dark green leaves and succulent growth. It also delays the maturation of plants, impairs the quality of crops like barley, potato, tobacco, sugarcane and fruits increases susceptibility to diseases and causes ”lodging” of cereal crops by inducing an undue lengthening of the stem internodes. The available Nitrogen as N in the study area is varying from 282 to 370 kg/ha which indicates that all samples are falling in Medium range. Phosphorus influences the vigour of plants and improves the quality of crops. It encourages the formation of new cells, promotes root growth (particularly the development of fibrous roots), and hastens leaf development, the emergence of ears, the formation of grains, and the maturation of crops. It also increases resistance to disease and strengthens the stems of cereal plants, thus reducing their tendency to lodge. It offsets the harmful effects of excess nitrogen in the plant. When applied to leguminous crops it hastens and encourages the development of nitrogen fixing nodule bacteria. If phosphorus is deficient in the soil, plants fail to make a quick start, do not develop a satisfactory root-system, remain stunted and sometimes develop a tendency to show a reddish or purplish discolouration of the stem and foliage owing to an abnormal increase in the sugar content and the formation of anthocyanin. However the deficiency of this element is not so easily recognized as that of nitrogen. It has also been observed that cattle feeding on the produce of phosphorus deficient soils become dwarfed, develop stiff joints and lose the velvety feel of the skin. Such animals show an abnormal craving for eating bones and even soil itself. In the study area available Phosphorus is varying from 27 to 69 kg/ha, which indicates that all samples are falling in high range. Potassium enhances the ability of the plants to resist diseases, insect attacks, and cold and other adverse conditions. It plays an essential part in the formation of starch and in the production and translocation of sugars, and is thus of special value to carbohydrates rich crops, e.g. sugarcane, potato and sugar beet. The increased production of starch and sugar in legumes fertilized with potash benefits the symbiotic bacteria and thus enhances the fixation of nitrogen. It also improves the quality of tobacco, citrus, etc. With an adequate supply of potash, cereals produce plump grains and strong straw. But an excess of the element tends to delay maturity, though not to the same extent as nitrogen. Plants can take up and store potassium in much larger quantities than what is needed for optimum growth and this excess uptake is known as luxury consumption. With the maturity or death of



plants, potassium is washed out from the plant body readily. Vegetables and legumes are particularly heavy consumers of potassium. The deficiency of potassium produces the characteristic ringing of alfalfa leaves with rows of small white spots, reddish brown discolouration of cotton leaves, the drying, scorching and curbing of leaf margins of potato, and intraveinal chlorosis and flaring along the edges of maize leaves. The older leaves are affected first. The available potassium in the study area is varying between 85 to 175 kg/ha which indicates that all samples are falling in medium category.



Chapter-4 Environmental Management & Monitoring Plan

4.1 Introduction

The Environmental Management Plan is prepared including the mitigation measures, evaluation of alternative to reduce or eliminate the impact that likely cause significant impact in the ambient environment due to the project. Adequate environmental management measures are incorporated during the entire planning, modification and operating stages of the project to minimize any adverse environmental impact and assure sustainable development of the area. The Environmental Management Plan during modification and operating stages of the project includes the following:

Air Pollution Control and Management Noise Control and Management Water and Wastewater Management Storm Water Management Solid Waste Management

4.2. Mitigation measures for Construction Phase Impacts

4.2.1 Air Quality

Air Quality around the project site is impacted during construction stage. However, the impact is generally confined to the project area and is expected to be negligible outside the building complex boundaries. Nevertheless, the following mitigative measures are adopted to limit the environmental impact during construction phase:

Regular water sprinkling is done to avoid the dust materials entering into the atmosphere. Furthermore, during windy days, the frequency of the water sprinkling will be increased.

The vehicular movement is minimized, with a planned scheduling, to reduce the emission of pollutants.

Temporary thin sheets of sufficient height (3m) will be erected around the project site as a barrier for dust control.

Plantation of trees around the project boundary will be initiated at the early stages by plantation of 2 to 3 years old saplings using drip irrigation so that the area will be moist for most part of the day.

All the vehicles carrying raw materials is covered with tarpaulin/plastic sheet; unloading and loading activity is suspended during windy period.

To minimize the occupational health hazard, proper personal protective gears i.e. mask is provided to the workers who are engaged in dust generation activity.



4.2.2 Water Quality

During site development necessary precautions is taken, so that the runoff water from the site gets collected in a working pit. If any over flow occurs, the excess water is diverted to nearby greenbelt/plantation area.

The domestic wastewater generated during the construction phase will be let into the septic tank. Therefore, impact on water quality due to the construction activity would be insignificant.

The wastes generated from the site work shop will be segregated like used oil, lubricants, etc and disposed to authorized recyclers.

4.2.3 Noise Quality

The impact on noise environment can be made insignificant by adopting the following mitigative measures: Noise generating equipment is used only during day time for a brief period as per

requirements. Wherever possible the noise generating equipment will be kept away from the

adjoining human habitation. Temporary thin sheets of sufficient height (3m) are erected around the project site as

barrier for minimizing the noise travel to surrounding area. All the vehicles entering into the project informed to maintain speed limits, and not to

blow horns unless it is required. The workers involved in operating major noise generating equipments will be provided

with ear plugs/ear muffs.\

4.2.4 Solid Waste Management

During construction phase, considerable quantity of construction waste such as earth, debris, etc. are generated and the excavated material such as topsoil and stones are stacked at safe places for reuse at a later stage of construction. Soil contaminations due to improper solid waste disposal are avoided and all solid wastes generated are handled in a scientific and non-polluting manner. All attempts should be made to stick to the following measures. All construction wastes are stored within the site itself. A proper screen is be

provided so that the waste does not get scattered. Wastes are segregated into different heaps as far as possible so that further

gradation and reuse is facilitated. Materials, which are reused for purpose of construction, levelling, making

roads/pavement are kept in separate heaps from those which are to be sold or land filled.

The local body or a private company are requested to arrange appropriate number of skip containers/trolleys on hire.



4.2.5 Green belt development

The landscape for the proposed project has been planned to provide a clean, healthy and beautiful green environment for the people to live in and work in. it is proposed to plant more numbers of trees for the green belt development.

4.3. Mitigation measures for Operational Phase Impacts

4.3.1. Air Environment

4.3.1.1. Vehicular Emissions To control the emissions from the movement of vehicular traffic following measures shall be adopted:

• Proper maintenance of the internal roads • Adequate greenbelt will be developed and maintained • Informatory sign shall be provided to encourage vehicle owners to maintain their

vehicle and follow the emission standards fixed by Government Authorities

4.3.1.2. Stack Emissions The proposed Project operates on the electricity (500 KVA) drawn from the grid. In case of power failure, DG set of capacity 250 KVA – 2 Nos ( proposed) will be utilized. To ensure proper emission of the gases from the proposed DG sets, height of 3.1 m above the roof level will be provided as per the MoEF&CC guideline where the DG sets are installed.

S.No

Table 4.1 - Stack Details

Description Stack 1 MOC of stack MS 2 Stack attached to 250 KVA –2 Nos 3 Stack height in m (Above the roof) 3.1 4 Stack to R or C

a) Inside circle dimensions of the stack at top in mm

C 200 mm

5 Type of fuel used LSD

4.3.2 Water and Wastewater Management

The source of fresh water for the project is the local body and recycled water is treated sewage from STP. In order to mitigate adverse impacts on water environment, water conservation measures will be followed for water management including rain water harvesting and storm water management for the surface run off and roof top run off. During the operational stage, the waste water generated will be suitably treated in the STP / ETP to reuse the treated sewage.



4.3.2.1 Rainwater Harvesting and Storm Water Management The rainwater harvesting structures are proposed to use roof top rainwater and rain water of paved surface at adjacent of respective buildings. Treatment for silt, oil & grease removal will be provided to rainwater harvesting recharging pit. It is proposed to provide recharge pits at different locations of the project site for the storage of rain water in the underground sumps for using in lawn, gardens, flushing and the surplus quantity will be discharged into the open wells.

Storm water drains will be provided along the roads and along the boundary wall of the proposed project to collect rain water from open areas and greenbelt areas during rains. The storm water drain would be adequately sized to prevent flooding of the site, the storm water drains would contain check dams at appropriate distances to retain water for maximum in filtering of the rainwater into ground so that the aquifer can get maximum recharge. Only surplus storm water after percolation into the ground will be discharged into the existing common drainage.

4.3.2.2 Proposed Sewage Treatment Plant Treatment Scheme for the Domestic Waste Water The wastewater generated from the domestic usage will be treated in the Sewage Treatment Plant of capacity 350 KLD. The sewage treatment plant is designed based on the Extended Aeration Activated Sludge process. It has been designed to treat the wastewater with Aerobic process with 90 – 95% BOD removal efficiency. The unit processes involved in the treatment scheme is as follows:

Bar Screen Chamber Raw Sewage Collection Tank – Equalization Tank Anoxic Tank Bio Aeration Tank Secondary Settling Tank Filter Feed Tank Pressure Sand Filter Activated Carbon Filter Disinfection System – UV System Treated Sewage Collection Tank Sludge Holding Tank Sludge Management - Filter Press

Process Description: Bar Screen Chamber Pretreatment consists of separation of floating and suspended organic and inorganic material by physical processes in which materials larger in size than the opening of the screening device is strained out. The sewage will be led by gravity through sewer distribution to the collection tank from where the sewage is pumped to the Sewage treatment plant. The sewage passes through the screen chamber is provided prior to the collection sump. A screening device is provided at the inlet of the screen chamber.



Periodical cleaning is essential to avoid backflow in the input sewer line. Bar screen can be cleaned with the help of cleaning tool. Equalization The tank is provided to hold the sewage for minimum 8 -0 10 hrs at Peak flow. The Screened sewage then follows by pumping or gravity and collected in the Equalization Tank wherein sewage quality and quantity variation is absorbed. The tank is provided with coarse bubble aeration to avoid settling of suspended solids and reducing BOD level up to 20%. Anoxic Tank The Anoxic tank is maintain the partial oxygen level. Providing the Mixer unit to mix the sewage . In this unit Nitrification reaction occurred. The maximum denitrification ratio for wastewater in a single stage de nitrification system range from 0.075 to 0.115 Kg of NO3 – N / Kg of MLVSS at 20oC in anoxic reactor under non carbon – limiting conditions.

De nitrification rates in single – sludge systems are approximately one – half of the rates of a separate sludge system. Endogenous carbon sources, the de nitrification rate range 0.017 to 0.048 kg of NO3 –N / Kg MLSS.

Bio-Aeration Tank Biological treatment in the Aeration tank is based on Extended Activated Sludge Process. The objective of biological treatment is to remove organic matter, which contributes to BOD / COD. Biological waste treatment involves bringing the active microbial growth in contact with wastewater so that they can consume impurities as food.

A great variety of microorganisms play an important role. The Extended Activated Sludge Process is based on low F/M ratio. Here the wastewater is made to contact with microorganisms present in the form of flocculent biological mass, termed as Activated Sludge. During Aeration, the microorganisms multiply by assimilating part of the influent organic matter. These microorganisms in the presence of oxygen convert biodegradable organic matter into carbon dioxide, water, more cell material and other inert products. Activated sludge process involves decomposition of cellular substance involving the formation of water or participation of water molecules in organic oxidation and reduction reactions. Dehydrogenation takes place within the cell and hydrogen combines with molecular oxygen making it essentially an aerobic process.

The activated sludge process takes place in two phases. During the first phase of metabolism, the conversion of organic matter to carbon dioxide, water and new cells takes place.

During the second phase, endogenous respiration takes place, in which micro 0rganisms consume their own cell material for energy. At the end only non-biodegradable residue is left.



BOD in wastewater is in the form of suspended solids and soluble organic matter. When the wastewater is mixed with active biomass, several reactions take place. Suspended solids are enmeshed in biological flocs, colloidal solids are adsorbed on the plain interface and some soluble organics are adsorbed by enzymatic reaction and synthesized. Extra cellular enzymes first break down the colloids in order to be made available to the cell. So, complete stabilization of these organics requires a longer aeration time. During the endogenous phase, which is also known as extended aeration, the biodegradable portion of suspended solids is oxidized.

Oxygen is required in the activated sludge process for:

• Biological organic removal • Endogenous respiration where cells lyses and releases oxidisable organic

compounds. • Chemical oxygen demand as measured by immediate oxygen demand. • Nitrification reaction if required. • Oxygen is also required to maintain the completely mixed condition in the reactor

and to maintain a particular dissolved oxygen level in the aeration tank.

The biomass is generally flocculants and is quick to settle. It is separated from the aerated effluent in the Secondary Settling tank and is recycled continuously to the Aeration tank as an essential feature of the process. The mixture of recycled sludge and wastewater is referred to as “Mixed Liquor”. The recycling of sludge helps in the initial build up of a high concentration of active micro-organisms in the Mixed Liquor, which accelerates BOD removal. Once the required concentration of the microorganisms in the mixed liquor is reached, regulating the quantity of sludge recycled and wasting the excess from the system prevent its further increase.

The Mixed Liquor Suspended Solids (MLSS) is generally taken as an index of the mass of active microorganisms in the Aeration tank. The Mixed Liquor Volatile Suspended Solids (MLVSS) value is also used, as it eliminates the effect of inorganic matter. The MLSS concentration is maintained around 3500 - 4000mg/l (MLVSS – 3200), with the help of Return Sludge.

Basic requirement for biological treatment are:

• Mixed population of active biomass. • Good contact between active biomass and wastewater. • Availability of sufficient oxygen • Availability of sufficient nutrients

Favorable environmental conditions like pH, temperature, contact time, absence of any material, which is toxic to microorganisms.

The purpose of Return Sludge arrangement is to maintain sufficient concentration of activated sludge in the Aeration tank so that required degree of treatment can be obtained



in the desired time interval. The return of activated sludge from the Secondary settling tank to the inlet of the Aeration tank is the essential feature of the process. Return sludge from Secondary settling tank is pumped to Aeration tank using Return Sludge transfer pumps.

Secondary Settling Tank The overflow from the bio-aeration tank is fed into the secondary settling tank by gravity. The bottom portion is provided with sufficient slope to ensure accumulation of suspended solids. At this stage, the biological flocs or remaining suspended solids are allowed to settle down. The sludge collected from the settling tank is sent to sludge drying beds. The overflow from the settling tank is sent to filter feed tank. The sludge will be disposed off to sludge drying beds.

Filter Feed Tank The clear overflow of the secondary settling tank is collected in filter feed tank and then it is pumped to Pressure sand filter followed by Activated carbon filter for filtration by means of transfer pump.

Pressure Sand Filter The Pressure sand filter is fabricated in MS coated with two coats of epoxy paint and filled with various types of filter media, which are arranged in the following order.

1. The bottom portion of the filter is filled with three layers of pebbles of different sizes. a. 1 ½” x 1” b. ¾” x ½” c. ½” x 3/8”

2. The middle portion of the filter is filled with two types of silex. a. Coarse silex of size 3/8”x1/4” b. Fine silex of size ¼”x1/10”

3. The top portion of the filter is filled with 16/32” filter sand.

The purpose of sand filter is mainly to remove the colloidal impurities/suspended solids which is present in the biological treated sewage effluent. The filter back wash has to be carried out based on the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the pressure sand filter.

Activated Carbon Filter The Activated Carbon filter is fabricated in MS coated with two coats of epoxy paint and filled with various types of filter media, which are arranged in the following order.

1. The bottom portion of the filter is filled with three layers of pebbles of different sizes.

a. ¾” x ½” b. ½” x 3/8”

2. The middle portion of the filter is filled with two types of silex.



a. Coarse silex of size 3/8”x1/4” b. Fine silex of size ¼”x1/10”

3. The top portion of the filter is filled with Activated carbon. The purpose of carbon filter is mainly to remove the colloidal trace organics /neutralized the hypo to maintain residual chlorine which is present in the biological treated sewage effluent. The filter back wash has to be carried out based on the differential pressure between the inlet and the outlet of the pressure carbon filter.

Sludge Holding Tank A sludge pump is provided to periodically remove the solids accumulated at the bottom of settling tank. The bio sludge settled at the bottom of the secondary settling tank is pumped to sludge holding tank followed by filter press for dewatering of the sludge. The dried sludge can be mixed with fertilizer and it can be used as manure for green belt development by mixing with fertilizer. The filtrate from the sludge drying bed is sent to the raw sewage collection tank.

Filter Press The Sludge holding tank to thickened sludge pumped to Filter press unit. In this filtering unit to filter compressed the slurry to convert the sludge dry cake form.

UV System For Water Disinfection Ultraviolet is one energy region of the electromagnetic spectrum, which lies between the x-ray region and the visible region. UV itself lies in the ranges of 200 nanometers (nm) to 390 nanometers (nm). Optimum UV germicidal action occurs at 260 nm.

Since natural germicidal UV from the sun is screened out by the earth's atmosphere, we must look to alternative means of producing UV light. This is accomplished through the conversion of electrical energy in a low pressure mercury vapor "hard glass" quartz lamp. Electrons flow through the ionized mercury vapor between the electrodes of the lamp, which then creates UV light.As UV light penetrates through the cell wall and cytoplasmic membrane, it causes a molecular rearrangement of the microorganism's DNA, which prevents it from reproducing. If the cell cannot reproduce, it is considered dead.

Ultraviolet Energy Working Principle Ultraviolet or UV energy is found in the electromagnetic spectrum between visible light and x-rays can be described as invisible radiation. In order to kill microorganism, the UV rays must actually strike cell. UV rays penetrate the outer cell membrane, passes through the cell body and disrupt its DNA preventing reproduction. It is a physical treatment, not chemical, so it doesn’t alter the water chemistry. UV adds nothing to the water such as undesirable color, odor, taste or flavor and neither does it generate harmful by-products.

The degree of inactivation by ultraviolet radiation is directly related to the UV dosage applied to the water. The dosage, a product of UV intensity and exposure time, is measured in microwatt second per square centimeter. The accompanying table lists dosage



requirements to destroy common microorganisms. Most UV units are designed to provide a dosage greater than 30,000 µW/cm2 after one year continuous operation.

Figure 4.1(a) Proposed Treatment Scheme for the STP

Treated Sewage Collection Tank The treated sewage after filtration from the Activated Carbon Filter is collected in the treated sewage collection tank.

4.3.2.2 Proposed Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP 1) Scheme for the Laundry Effluent: Effluent from Laundry section will be collected in a collection tank. From collection tank, it is pumped to neutralization tank. Here, suitable chemicals are dosed for neutralization and mixing is carried out by mechanical agitation. Then the neutralized effluent is disposed to Municipality Common Sewer Line.



Figure 4.1 (b) Proposed Treatment Scheme for the Laundry effluent

4.3.2.3 Proposed Effluent Treatment Plant Scheme for the Bio-Medical Effluent: Effluent from operation Theatres and Laboratory & Research centre is collected in a collection tank. From collection tank it is pumped to disinfection tank. Here, 1% hypo chlorite solution is dosed for disinfection purpose. Here, mixing is carried out by mechanical agitation. Then the disinfected effluent is disposed to Municipality Common Sewer Line.

Figure 4.1 (c) Proposed Treatment Scheme for the Effluent from Operation Theatre

and Laboratory / Research Centre



S.No

Table 4.2 - Components of the Treatment Plant

Name of the Treatment Units Nos Effluent Treatment Plant – I

1 Collection Tank 1 2 Neutralization Tank 1

Effluent Treatment Plant – II

1 Collection Tank 1 2 Disinfection Tank 1

Sewage Treatment Plant

1 Bar Screen Chamber 1 2 Equalization Tank 1 3 Bio - Aeration Tank 1 4 Secondary Settling Tank 1 5 Filter Feed Tank 1 6 Sludge Holding Tank 1 7 Filter Press - 8 Pressure Sand Filter 1 9 Activated Carbon Filter 1 10 Treated Sewage Collection Tank 1

Domestic Sewage about281 KLD will be treated in the STP of capacity 350 KLD. 4.3.2.4 Mode of Disposal

253 KLD after treatment will be recycled for green belt.

S.No Table 4.3 - Characteristics of Treated Sewage

Parameters Combined Treated Sewage Characteristics

1 Flow (m3 105 /day) 2 Colour Colorless 3 pH 6.5 –7.5 4 SS <10 mg/l 5 TDS <1000 mg/l 6 Chlorides < 500 7 Sulphates < 500 8 BOD <20 mg/l 9 COD <150 mg/l 10 Oil & Grease NIL



Fig 4.2 – Schematic Representation of Sewage Treatment Plant



Fig 4.3 – Schematic Representation of the Treatment for Bio-medical effluent and Laundry



4.3.3 Noise management

During operational phase, Noise and its consequent adverse impacts will be reduced by providing acoustic enclosure in the DG set room. Adequate protective measures in the form of ear muffs/ earplugs will be given to workers working in these areas should be provided. And the proposed greenbelt and double glazed windows will attenuate the noise generated by passing of train and vehicular movement.

Noise warning sign boards will be kept near the project site indicating the location of the hospital so that vehicles will run smoothly or avoid speed.

4.3.3.1 Vehicle Parking and Management The employees will be predominantly using their own vehicles where the

visitors would be mostly using public vehicles for travelling to the Hospital. The Multi Super Specialty Hospital will have car parking and two-wheeler

parking in surface car parking facility. The number of entry / exit points provided is adequate to handle peak hour

traffic also. The breakup details of vehicles used for accessing the campus and parking area

required are detailed as follows.

S.No

Table 4.4 - Parking Area allotments for Vehicles

Vehicles Parking Area Per Vehicle

(Sq.m)

Nos Parking area Allocated (Sq.m)

1 Cars 20 553 11060 2 Two Wheelers 5 467 2335 3 Ambulances 50 3 150 Total Parking Area Required 13545 Total Parking Area Provided 15888 This also satisfies the requirement of standard parking plan calculations for Hospital Buildings, Educational facilities. The required parking area will be 13545Sq.m and the allotted parking area is 15888Sq.m which is adequate enough.

4.3.4 Solid Waste Management

The quantities of solid waste that are expected from the proposed Hospital & medical college, its operation and its management is given in Table 4.5.



S.No

Table 4.5 - Solid Waste Generation & its Management

Description Quantity (Kg/Day)

Mode of Disposal

Biodegradable Wastes 1 Organic 553.0 Will be disposed to

the existing municipal solid waste collection system.

2 Paper 26.0 Sold to recyclers 3 Bio sludge 17 Used as manure for

Gardening Non-Biodegradable Wastes

4 Plastic 21.0 Sold to recyclers

5 Glass/ceramic 2.0 6 Metals 2.5 7 Inerts& other

miscellaneous

214.5

Hazardous Wastes 8 Used / Spent

Oil 0.2 Tons/Year Sent to authorized

recyclers 9 ETP Sludge 2 Will be sent to

TSDF

The biomedical waste generation in a Hospital ranges from 0.1 Kg/bed/day to 1 Kg/bed/day. In order to calculate the maximum biomedical waste generation, the range on the higher side of about 1 Kg/ bed/ day was assumed and one tenth of the same was considered for Outpatient bio-medical waste generation.

Calculation of Biomedical Waste Generation

The tabulation below shows the approximate biomedical waste generation from the project.

S.No

Table 4.6 – Bio-Medical Waste Generation

Description Number of Beds /

Persons

Assumed per Capita Waste Generation (Kg/Person/Day)

Total waste Generated (Kg/day)

1 Beds 570 1.0 570 2 Out

patient 2100 0.1 210

Total 780



The Bio Medical wastes consisting of the infectious and non-infectious wastes will be handled as per The BIOMEDICAL WASTES (M&H) RULES 1998 - E(P) ACT 1986 as amended in 2003 as detailed below.

4.3.4.1 Bio Medical Waste Management

The BIOMEDICAL WASTES (M&H) RULES 1998 - E(P) ACT 1986 as amended in 2000, 2003 provide a system for regulating handling BMW which includes collection, segregation at source, norms for packaging labeling and options for treatment and disposal along with the standard for treatment technologies. The rules are applicable to

– all persons who generate, collect, receive, store, transport, treat, dispose or handle bio-medical waste in any form.

– proper management & Handling of Bio-Medical Waste

It is essential to manage the hospital waste in a proper way. Handling, segregation, mutilation, disinfection, storage, transportation and final disposal are vital steps which will be ensured for safe and scientific management of biomedical waste in our establishment. The key to minimization and effective management of biomedical waste is segregation (separation) and identification of the waste.

i. Bio-Medical Waste Handling

General Waste and Infectious as well as hazardous waste generated from different activities of the hospital will be properly separated. Even if a small amount of infectious waste gets mixed with general waste, it can contaminate the entire waste collected. Segregation at source means separation of the waste materials from each other at the place of its generation. For example, the quantity of the infectious waste generated in OTs, ICUs is proportionately greater than the non-infectious waste. If the waste is segregated there itself, then the risk of infection will be greatly reduced.

ii. Segregation of Waste at Source for Safe and Proper Disposal

Segregation in hospital will result in: Waste minimization Effective waste management Decrease in expenses incurred in managing waste Reduce the risk of infection ensuring better healthcare Prevent infection to communities living in the vicinity of the hospital that may be

exposed to the infectious hospital waste. The most appropriate way of identifying the categories of biomedical waste is by sorting the waste into colour coded plastic bags or containers. Biomedical waste will be segregated into containers/ bags at the point of generation in accordance with Schedule II of Biomedical Waste (management and handling) Rules 1998 as given in Table 4.7.

Table 4.7 – Colour coding-Biomedical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules,1998, Schedule II



Category No.

Waste type Container Treatment & disposal

1 Human Anatomical

Yellow plastic bags

Incineration / deep burial

2 Animal waste Yellow plastic bags Incineration / deep burial 3 Microbiology

& biotech Yellow plastic bags, Red-disinfected container

Autoclaving / microwaving / Incineration

4 Waste sharps Blue / white translucent-plastic bags

Disinfection (chemical treatment) / autoclaving / micro waving / destruction / shredding

5 Discarded Medicines & cytotoxic drugs

Black - plastic bag

Incineration / destruction /secured landfill

6 Soiled Yellow plastic bags, Red - disinfected container

Incineration / autoclave / microwaving

7 Solid (disposables)

Yellow – plastic bag, Blue / white translucent - plastic bags, red-disinfected container

Chemical Treatment and destruction / shredding / autoclaving / microwaving.

8 Liquid Chemical disinfection & discharge into drains.

9 Incineration ash

Black plastic bag Municipal land fills

10 Chemical Waste

Black plastic bag Chemical treatment drains / landfill

All containers used for collection will be resistant to breakage, tears and leaks undernormal conditions of usage.

iii. Collection and Storage

Containers designated for collection of highly infectious and hazardous chemical wastes in addition to being colour coded must be clearly labelled. Bags and containers for infectious waste will be marked with Biohazard symbol.

Highly infectious waste will be sterilized by autoclaving. Cytotoxic wastes are to be collected in leak proof containers clearly labelled as

cytotoxic waste. Radioactive wastes will be disposed as per the regulations prescribed by the

Atomic Energy Regulatoty Board (AERB). Waste containing mercury will not be mixed with other waste streams. Needle Destroyer will be placed in each Doctor’s table to destroy the needle

sharps before been disposed.



Appropriate instructions will be posted at all locations within the healthcare facility to remind the staff of segregation procedures.

The untreated bio-medical waste will not be stored in the premises beyond a period of 48 hours.

During on site collection the staffs will be instructed to close the waste bags when they are three quarters full by sealing the bag.

Impermeable and hard standing kerb side storage area earmarked for BMW will be provided. The storage area will be located in such a way that it provides an easy access to waste collection vehicle.

The segregated wastes that have been collected in the prescribed containers will be transported to the common bio-medical treatment facility for subsequent treatment and disposal.

Iv. Transportation

a. Onsite Transport For in-house transport, wheeled trolleys, containers or carts will be used. All containers will be kept covered at all times while transporting. Special care will

be given while handling liquid and hazardous wastes. People involved in transportation will be imparted awareness and trained about

managing spills that may occur while transportation. Personal protective equipment such as gloves, shoes and masks will be worn while

collection. The containers must be cleaned prior to re-use for collection.

b. Off site transport All waste leaving the facility will be well packaged and clearly labeled as shown in

Table 3.8. The label (as shown in section 3.3) in addition to the nature of the waste and the

weight must also indicate the address of the generator and the address of the treatment facility that the waste is being sent to.



Waste Category No. ......................

Table 4.8 - LABEL FOR TRANSPORT OF BIO-MEDICAL WASTE CONTAINERS/BAGS (as per Schedule IV)

Waste Class ................................. Waste Description ......................... Sender's Name & Address....... Phone No. ................................... Telex No. .................................... Fax No. ...................................... Contact Person ............................ In case of emergency please contact: Name &Address ........................... Phone No. ...............................

Day .................Month ................ Year .......................................... Date of generation ....................... Receiver's Name &Address ............ Phone No. ................................... Telex No. .................................... Fax No. ...................................... Contact Person ............................

Note: Label shall be non-washable and prominently visible.

Suitable system for securing the load during transport will be ensured. Such a

vehicle will be easily cleanable with rounded corners. The transportation of waste after collection from the premises of the generator, will

be complied with the rules of the Motor Vehicle Act. Accordingly only authorized vehicles will be used for transporting within or outside city limits.

The proposed hospital will collect and store the Bio-medical waste generated in an earmarked area as per Bio-medical Waste Management & Handling Rules. The collected waste will be disposed off every 24 hrs to TNPCB authorized common BMW Management Facility. The common Biomedical Waste Treatment and Disposal Agency will provide safe transportation of waste to offsite treatment facility and final disposal with suitable technology.

v. Final Disposal of Infectious BMW in a Common Regional Facility

a) Chemotherapy and anti neoplastic chemicals:

vi. Management of Chemical Wastes

• Reducing the volume to be used. • Optimizing the size of the drug container while purchasing • Returning the outdated drugs to the manufacturer • Centralizing chemotherapy compounding location • Providing spill clean ups • Segregating the wastes.

b) Formaldehyde: • Minimize the strength of formaldehyde solutions. • Minimize the waste from cleaning dialysis machines and RO units. • Capture waste formaldehyde



• Investigate the possibility of reuse in pathology, autopsy labs. etc. c) Photographic chemicals:

• Return off spec developer to the manufacturer. • Recover silver efficiency. • Recycle waste film and paper. • Segregate and label properly the radioactive wastes and store short lived wastes

in isolation until decay permits disposal in trash. • Substitute less hazardous cleaning agents, methods for solvent cleaners etc.

d) Solvents: • Reduce the volume requirement. • Use premixed kits for tests involving solvent fixation. • Use calibrated solvent dispensers for routine tests. • Segregate solvent wastes. • Recover used solvents through distillation.

e) Mercury: Substituting electronic sensing devices for mercury containing devices.The breakage of lamps, which has potential of releasing the mercury must be avoided to the extent possible.Secondary containers (Catch basins and Pans) should be made of impervious material (e.g. plastic or smooth finish paint) with edge lips. Steep ipsare more effective than gentle rises in trapping spilled mercury.Concrete floors sealed with epoxy and working surfaces with no crevices are preferred for working with mercury. Vinyl flooringmay be used in laboratories. Tiled floors / table tops should not be used in areas where mercury is used.Avoid walking on or touching surfaces contaminated with mercury.Use mercury spill kits with hand – powered miniature vacuums or sponges to clean up spills whenever practical.

• Make provisions for mercury spill cleanup kits and proper training to the concerned personnel.

• Recycle uncontaminated mercury waste using proper safety controls.

f) Waste Anesthetic gases: • Purchase of low leakage equipments and maintain these properly,

g) Toxic corrosives and Miscellaneous chemicals: • Inspect and maintain ethylene oxide sterilizers. • Use less toxic compounds, cleaning agents etc. • Return the containers for reuse and make use of recyclable containers. • Neutralize the acidic waste by mixing with basic wastes. • Avoid spills; make use of mechanical handling aids. • As far as possible, use physical cleaning methods.



4.3.5 Land Use

The existing land use pattern will be changed into New Govt. Multi Super Specialty Hospital.

4.3.6 Green Belt Development

Properly designed green belt would help in mitigating the vehicular and noise pollution to a significant degree. In order to keep the Environment clean & green and to have a harmonious working atmosphere at the complex, Green belt will be developed as per the CPCB norms which will have trees in order to maintain ecological balance. Green belt of sufficient area and width will be implemented on the site. This will include planting of trees all along the project boundary. The green belt is proposed to be planted in 5 meters width along the boundary area and the total area of the proposed plantation is about 31492Sqm. Other landscape planting in the construction site and roadside planting within the study area could also add to the green belt area.

Depending upon the topo-climatological conditions and regional ecological status, selection of the appropriate plant species has been made. Various criteria adopted for selecting the species for greenbelt development are:

plant should be fast growing; preferably perennial and evergreen; indigenous; resistant to SPM pollution, and should maintain the ecological and hydrological balance of the region.

The general consideration involved while developing the greenbelt are:

Trees growing upto 10 m or above in height with perennial foliage should be planted around the perimeter of the project area.

Trees should also be planted along the road side in such a way that there is dust control.

Generally fast growing trees should be planted. Since, the tree trunk area is normally devoid of foliage upto a height of 3 m, it may

be useful to have shrubbery in front of the trees so as to give coverage to this portion.

Green Belt Development in open areas

Plantations in green belts have been designed to provide a dense tree cover similar to that of areas under afforestation. The dense tree covers do bring about purification of air around and besides, these also provide good sound and dust barriers thereby improving the surrounding micro environment.



Table 4.9 - Plants Proposed for Green belt Development

S.No. Botanical Name Family Name Trees

1 Acacia mearnsii Mimoseae 2 Acacia nilotica Mimoseae 3 Acacia sinuate Mimoseae 4 Actinodaphneangustifolia Lauraceae 5 Adina cordifolia Rubiaceae 6 Aegle marmelos Rutaceae 7 Ailanthus excela Simarubaceae 8 Albiziaamara Mimoseae 9 Albizialebbeck Mimoseae

10 Alstonascholaris Apocynaceae 11 Anogeissuslatifolia Combretaceae 12 Anonareticulata Anonaceae 13 Aphanamixispolystachya Meliaceae 14 Artocarpusheterophyllus Urticaceae 15 Azadirachtaindica Meliaceae 16 Balantiesroxburghii Balanitaceae 17 Barringtoniaacutangula Barringtoniaceae 18 Bauhinia purpurea Caesalpinaceae 19 Bauhinia racemosa Caesalpinaceae 20 Bauhinia varigata Caesalpinaceae 21 Bischofiajavanica Bischofiaceae 22 Buchananialanzan Anacarsdiceae 23 Caesalpiniapulcherrima Cesalpinaceae 24 Callistemon citinus Myrtaceae 25 Cassia fistula Caesalpinaceae 26 Cassia pumila Caesalpinaceae 27 Dalbergiasisoo Fabaceae 28 Delonixregia Caesalpinaceae 29 Diospyrosmelanoxylon Ebenaceae 30 Dryptesroxburghii Euphorbiaceae. 31 Erythrinavariegata Fabaceae 32 Eucalyptus hybrid Myrtaceae 33 Ficuselastica Moraceae 34 Ficusgibbosa Moraceae 35 Ficusreligosa Moraceae 36 Gardenia jasminoides Rubiaceae 37 Gardenia resinifera Rubiaceae 38 Holopteliaintegrifolia Ulmaceae 39 Ixoraarborea Rubiaceae 40 Ixorarosea Rubiaceae 41 Kigeliaafricana Bignoniaceae



42 Lagerstroemia Lythraceae 43 Madhucalongifolia Sapotaceae 44 Mammeasuriga Guttiferaceae 45 Ouginiaoojeinensis Fabaceae 46 Pinusroxburghii Pinaceae 47 Pithecellobiumducle Mimosaceae 48 Polythialongifolia Anonaceae 49 Pterygotaalata Sterculiaceae 50 Salix tetrasperma Salicaceae 51 Samaneasaman Mmoseae. 52 Sesbania grandiflora Fabaceae 53 Spathodeacampanulata Bignoniaceae 54 Spondiaspinnata Anacardiaceae 55 Sterculiafoetida Sterculiaceae. 56 Syncarpiaglomulifera Myrtaceae 57 Tamarindussindica Caesapinaceae 58 Terminalia arjuna Combretaceae 59 Terminalia bellerica Combretaceae 60 Zizyphusmauritiana Rhamnaceae

Shrubs 1 Abutilon indicum Malvaceae 2 Acacia leucophloea Mimoseae 3 Bambusaarundinacia Poaceae 4 Bougainvillea spectabilis Bischofiaceae 5 Calotropisprocera Asclepiadaceae 6 Carissa spinarum Apocynaceae 7 Hibiscus rosasinensis Malvaceae 8 Juniperuscommunis Pinaceae 9 Lawsoniainermis Lythraceae

10 Neriumindicum Apocynaceae 11 Nyctanthus arbor-tristis Oleaceae 12 Ricinuscommunis Euphorbiaceae. 13 Tabernaemontanadivaricata Apocynaceae

Grasses 1 Bambusa vulgaris Poaceae 2 Dendrocalamusstrictus Poaceae

4.4 Environmental Monitoring Program

The main objective of environmental monitoring program is to check the efficacy of the EMP (Environmental Management Plan) and mitigation measures implementation and take corrective action needed. A well defined environmental monitoring program would be followed for the proposed project. It would be ensured that trained and qualified staff supervises the monitoring of ambient air, effluents, noise etc. to maintain compliance with the prescribed standards.



The monitoring Plan will have two components: • Construction phase • Post occupation phase

Potential Impact

Table 4.10 – Environmental Monitoring Plan during Construction Phase Detailed actions to be followed as per EMP

Parameters for Monitoring

Frequency of Monitoring

Air Emissions All equipments are operated within specified design parameters.

Random checks of equipment logs/ manuals

Periodic

Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible.

Vehicle logs Periodic

Any dry, dusty materials stored in sealed containers are prevented from blowing.

Stockpiles or open containers of dusty materials.

Periodic

Compaction of soil during various construction activities.

Construction logs Periodic

Maintenance of DG set emissions to meet stipulated standards

Gaseous emissions Periodic

Ambient air quality within the premises of the proposed unit to be monitored.

SO2& NO As per CPCB/ SPCB

requirement

x

Noise List of all noise generating machinery onsite along with age to be prepared.

Equipment logs, noise reading

Regular

Night working is to be minimized.

Working hour records Periodic

Generation of vehicular noise Maintenance of records of vehicles

Periodic

Implement good working practices (equipment selection and siting) to minimize noise and also reduce its impacts on human health (ear muffs, safe distances, and enclosures).

Site working practices records, noise reading

Periodic

No machinery running when not required. Acoustic mufflers / enclosures to be provided in large engines

Mufflers / enclosures shall be in place.

Prior to use of equipment.

Noise to be monitored within the building complex

Instant Noise recording

As per CPCB/SPCB



Potential Impact

Detailed actions to be followed as per EMP



premises. requirement Noise level will not exceed the permissible limit both during day & night times. All equipments operated within specified design parameters.

Random checks of equipment logs/ manuals

Periodic

Vehicle trips to be minimized to the extent possible

Vehicle logs Periodic

Wastewater Discharge

No direct discharge of wastewater to be made to surface water, groundwater or soil.

No discharge hoses shall be in vicinity of watercourses.

Periodic

The discharge point would be selected properly and sampling and analysis would be undertaken prior to discharge

Discharge norms for effluents as given in Permits

Periodic

Take care in disposal of wastewater generated such that soil and groundwater resources are protected.

Discharge norms for effluents as given in permits

Soil Erosion

Minimize area extent of site clearance, by staying within the defined boundaries

Site boundaries not extended / breached as per plan document.

Periodic

Protect topsoil stockpile Effective cover in place.

Periodic

Drainage and effluent Management

Ensure drainage system and specific design measures are working effectively. The design to incorporate existing drainage pattern and avoid disturbing the same.

Visual inspection of drainage and records thereof

Periodic

Waste Management

Implement waste management plan that identifies and characterizes every waste arising associated with proposed activities and which identifies the procedures for collection, handling & disposal of each waste arising.

Comprehensive Waste Management Plan should be in place and available for inspection on-site. Compliance with MSW Rules, 1998 , Bio-medical Waste

Periodic



Potential Impact

Detailed actions to be followed as per EMP



(Management and Handling) Rules, 2003 and Hazardous Wastes (Management, Handling and Transboundary Movement) Rules, 2008

Table 4.11 -Environmental Management Plan during Operational Phase

S. No Potential Impact Action to be Followed Management Plan

1. Air Emissions

Air emissions from DG sets

Sufficient height of the stack will be provided for proper dispersion of SO2

All vehicles to have PUC certificate.

pollutants.

Vehicle owners will be encouraged for regular check-up of the vehicles and obtain PUC.



S. No Potential Impact Action to be Followed Management Plan

2. Noise Noise generated from DG sets and Vehicular movement

• Acoustic enclosures will be provided for DG sets

• Plantation of green belt around the boundary of the complex. • The speed of any vehicle inside the

hospital will be restricted to 20 km/h, which reduces the noise as well as air emissions.

• The traffic within the hospital premises will be regulated to ensure smooth movement of vehicles avoiding noise pollution.

• High noise generating vehicles will be restricted and only those vehicles confirming to the CPCB norms will be permitted inside the Hospital Premises.

• Trucks for loading and unloading operations will be strictly controlled for noise emissions and will be allowed only in scheduled timings.

• The 100 m distance around the Hospital will be demarcated as Silence Zone and no high Noise generation activity including Vehicular horns will be permitted.

3. Wastewater Discharge

Sewage from domestic, biomedical effluent, laundry, boiler & chiller blow down effluent.

In-site STP / ETP will be provided for collection, treatment, and reuse of the sewage

4. Solid waste/ Hazardous waste

Municipal Solid Wastes Hazardous Wastes Bio-medical Wastes

Adequate collection bins will be provided for biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes, hazardous wastes and bio-medical wastes separately.

6. Horticulture Vegetation, greenbelt / green cover development

Adequate plants will be planted during construction and grown with regular maintenance.



Ambient Air Quality Monitoring

Table 4.12 – Environmental Monitoring Programme during Construction and Operational Stage

1 Parameters to be monitored

Particulate Matter (PM10& PM2.5

Sulphur Dioxide (SO)

2

Oxides of Nitrogen (NO)

x

Carbon Monoxide (CO) )

2 No of locations One location to be monitored. 3 Frequency of

Measurements Once in a quarter @ two days per week

4 Compliance

The monitoring results should be compared with the National Ambient Air Quality Standards.

Noise Level Monitoring 1 Parameters to be

monitored Hourly noise levels for 24 hours

2 No of locations One location to be monitored 3 Frequency of

Measurements Once in a month

4 Compliance

The monitoring results should be compared with the National Ambient Noise Quality Standards.

Water Quality Monitoring 1 Parameters to be

monitored As per IS 10500:1991 and amendments as enacted

2 No of locations One locations 3 Frequency of

Measurements Once in a season/as per CFE

4 Compliance

The monitoring results should be compared with the Preferable and Permissible limits of IS 10500:1991.

Waste Water Quality Monitoring 1 Parameters to be

monitored BOD, COD, TDS, TSS, Oil and Grease as per methods specified in APHA

2 No of locations

At intake of sewage treatment plant and at point of discharge before reuse/as per CFE of SPCB

3 Frequency of Measurements

Once in 3 month

4 Compliance As per Land Disposal standards of MoEF&CC

4.5 Environmental Management System

The Environmental Management System constitutes provision of an Environmental Division, which should be staffed by an Environmental Engineer/Officer, an Environmental Assistant and other assistant (miscellaneous works). The task assigned



should include supervision and co-ordination of studies, monitoring and implementation of environmental mitigation measures.

4.6 Environmental Costs

The budgetary cost for the Environmental mitigation measures are summarized in Table 4.13.

S.No

Table 4.13 - Cost for Environmental Mitigation Measures

Particulars Capital Cost (Rs. in Lakhs)

Recurring Cost /yr

(Rs. In Lakhs) 1 STP / ETP 175.00 15.00

2 Solid Waste Management 10.00 3.00 3 Hazardous Waste Management Nil 10.0 4 Biomedical Waste

Management Nil 30.00

5 Rain Water Harvesting 40.00 3.5 6 Storm Water Drains 50.00 5.0 7 Greenbelt Development 60.00 6.00 8 Environmental Monitoring - 6.00

Total 328.00

62.55

4.7 Safety and Security 4.7.1 Safety and Security The campus will be provided with proper security personnel to streamline theentry and exit of authorized visitors only.A major impact on the safety and security environment may be due to fireaccident. Therefore the campus is provided with Fire Protection System taking intoconsideration the location of the building. In view of the delay of the Fire Brigade toreach the spot during emergency, a well designed, well laid, well maintained fireprotection system will always be helpful for the authorities for quick fire fightingfacilitiesand thereby minimizing damage on account of fire.Detailed Disaster Management Plan and Fire & Safety measures are detailedbelow. 4.7.2 Disaster Management Plan Purpose: A. To provide policy for response to both internal and external disaster situations that may affect hospital staff, patients, visitors and the community. B. Identify responsibilities of individuals and departments in the event of a disaster situation. C. Identify Standard Operating Guidelines (SOG's) for emergency activities and responses.



Situations and Assumptions: Several types of hazards pose a threat to the hospital:

• Internal disasters: fire, explosions, and hazardous material spills or releases. • Minor external disasters: incidents involving a small number of casualties. • Major external disasters: incidents involving a large number of casualties. • Disaster threats affecting the hospital or community (large or nearby fires,

impendingtornado, flooding, explosions, etc.). • Disasters in other communities.

General Considerations: A. Lines of Authority: The following persons, in the order listed, will be in charge:

• Administrator • Director of Nursing • Nursing Supervisor on duty at time of disaster • Emergency Room Supervisor

B. Communications:

A Command Center will be set up at the Security Desk to handle and coordinate all internalcommunications. All department heads or their designee will report to this office and call asmany of their employees as needed.

The person in charge when the disaster happens will assign a nurse to the communicationssystem in the E.R. This nurse will answer all radio calls from this station. The radio shall bemanned immediately at the nurse's station by a unit coordinator but only for informationalpurposes and she should not verbally respond.

At least one messenger will be assigned to each radio operator to deliver messages, obtaincasualty count from triage, etc.

Person directing personnel pool shall send a runner to all departments to advise them of thetype of disaster and number of victims and extent of injuries when this information is available.

Nursing will be notified by the Unit Coordinator or designated persons. Department Heads will be notified by the Supervisor or designated staff. Department Heads will notify their key personnel.

A "Visitor Control Center" will be set up in the front lobby. Families of casualties

will beinstructed to wait there until notified of patient's condition. Normal visiting hours will besuspended during the disaster situation (orange alert). A hospital staff member will stay with the family members. (Social

Services will beassigned here after reporting to the Command Center and other personnel assigned asneeded). A list of the visitor's names in association with the patient they are

inquiring about shouldbe kept. Volunteers may be needed to escort visitors within the facility.

Telephone lines will be made available for outgoing and incoming calls. One line will bedesignated as the open line to the external Command Center. The person in charge will designateassigned staff to monitor the phones.

Assistance in providing additional radio communications to all departments within the hospitalmay be obtained by requesting Emergency Government RACES (Radio



Amateur Civil Emergency Services) personnel from the county Emergency Government Office.

C. Supplies and Equipment:

• Extra supplies will be obtained from Purchasing personnel through runners. • Outside supplies will be ordered by the Purchasing Director and brought into the

hospital viathe loading dock. D. Valuables and Clothing:

• Large paper or plastic bags are available in the treatment Areas and the storeroom for patient'sclothing and valuables.

E. Public Communication Center:

• A communication center for receiving outside calls and giving information to the press, radioand relatives shall be set up in Medical Records.

• The press can use the restaurant as their headquarters. F. Morgue Facilities:

• Patients pronounced DOA will be tagged with a Disaster Tag...do not remove personal effects.The top sheet from the tag will be taken to the Command Center in Emergency Department forcasualty list purposes.

• Bodies will be stored in the hallway by Purchasing. Personnel will remain with bodies untilremoved by Funeral Director.

• After bodies have been identified, the information will be filed on the Disaster Tag and MedicalRecords notified as to the identification of the patient.

• The bodies will be removed via the loading dock to the Funeral Director. A complete record ofall bodies must be maintained along with the name of the agency removing them, e.g., police, firedepartment, undertaker, etc. Be sure appropriate paperwork is filled out.

Responsibilities of Individuals and Departments: A. Administrator: In a major disaster will do the following functions:

• Check with local authorities to verify the disaster and obtain additional information.

• Authorize announcement of disaster to hospital personnel. • Ask for help from local police and volunteer organizations as deemed necessary. • Stay in the area of administrative offices to be available to assist, as requested, by

disastercoordinator. B. Director of Nursing:

• In a major disaster will do the Administrator's functions, if he is absent. • Is responsible for notifying all department heads or alternates. • In a major disaster be responsible to see that families of victims are notified as

soon aspossible. These calls may be made by the physician who treats the victim, the Director of Social Services, or the Director of Nursing or her designee.



C. Nursing Supervisor: • Is responsible for determining the extent of the disaster, whether it is a "major" or a

"minor"disaster. If it is a major disaster, then the Administrator and Director of Nursing will be notified (ifnot present at time of disaster)

• Will set up a Command Center ‐ All department heads would report in to the supervisor beforegoing to their departments. Will attempt to find adequate numbers of nursing personnel. (This can be assigned to the UnitCoordinator or another nurse but the Supervisor must be aware of the number of nurses comingin.) Have them keep a list of those notified.

• Leave extension "xxx" open to outside Command Center. D. Admitting Office

• Assign responsible person to switchboard as soon as possible. • Department head or designee will call in their own personnel as needed after

having reportedto the Command Center. • Notify Emergency Communications Center if internal disaster is involved. • After notification of disaster by authorized person, you are responsible for

sounding the"Orange Alert" alarm. • Do not accept routine non‐emergency admissions except OB's. • Refer all public information calls and press to desk in Reception Area. • Direct press to the restaurant. • Call local clergy as requested. • Assign an admissions person to aid with discharge of hospital patients from the

east solarium,if requested by Med/Surg. E. Dietary

• Department head or designee will call in their own personnel as needed after reporting toCommand Center.

• Prepare to serve nourishments to ambulatory patients, house patients and personnel as need arise.

• Clear hallway of all tray carts. • Utilize T.C. dining room and west hospital solarium for extra eating space. • Be responsible for setting up menus in disaster situation and maintain adequate

supplies. F. Maintenance


• Maintain full operation of all facilities. • All doors should be locked immediately except employee entrance, Emergency

Departmentdoor, and front lobby. • Be responsible for setting up extra beds in hospital if needed, as well as

transportingstoreroom supplies and bringing in extra supplies from other areas. • Be willing to help with movement of victims from ambulance to Triage.



G. Housekeeping and Laundry


• Be available to help clean receiving area, and clean rooms between cases in treatment areas.

• Be sure all hallways or traffic areas are clear of cleaning carts, equipment and etc.

H. Operating Room, CSR, PAR, Anesthesia, & OP • Supervisor or RN will supervise Operating Room and call all needed personnel

after reportingto Command Center. • Call additional surgeons as needed. • Check area for supplies and equipment. • Ask for additional help to carry out surgery and treatments in Operating Rooms

and RecoveryRoom. • Assign and direct scrub nurses and circulate. • Notify Triage when Operating Rooms and Recovery Room is available for more

patients. • Keep minimum list of supplies on hand and be prepared to process additional

sterile suppliesquickly. • Notify anesthetists who will maintain adequate anesthesia and drug supplies.

I. Hospital Unit - Supervisor will:

• Assign nurse or unit coordinator to communications system in E.R. • Prepare for expansion by notifying maintenance of number of extra beds needed

and where toset them up. • Discharge and movement of hospital patients to create more room for casualties. • Send for extra supplies needed from Purchasing, CSR, Laundry, and Dietary. • If internal, prepare for evacuation of patients to safe area. • Send designated personnel to Command Center with wheelchairs. • Periodically send messenger to Command Center to check for update. • The elevators will be used ONLY for the transportation of patients or

equipment...all personnelwill use the stairway. J. ICU - After notification of disaster, the ICU nurse will:

• Evaluate patients in the Intensive Care Unit for possible discharge. Use established dischargecriteria as a guide. Transfer patients out if indicated.

• Prepare to admit more critically ill patients. • Send runner to Command Center or phone for help.

K. Swing Bed Unit

• Know current empty bed count and number of personnel available who could assist in otherunits. Send number to Command Center.

• Remain in your unit until notified differently. • Will make wheelchairs available.

L. OB Unit

• Staff from OB can be used to assist in triage if department is covered. Volunteers can be usedfrom OB to assist in disaster.



• Patients other than OB's will be triaged by Command Center before being transferred to OB.

M. Chemical Health Recovery Unit

• Department Head or designee will call in their own personnel as needed after reporting to Command Center and staff holding area.

• Department Head will send designated personnel to Triage with wheelchairs to hold in ER waiting room until needed.

N. Medical Imaging Day Shift:

• The department head or designee will find out the number of patients involved and any other pertinent information from the Command Centre.

• The department head or designee will be responsible for calling in any and all personnel needed to sufficiently handle the patient load.

Evening Shift:

• The technologist on duty or on call for the Radiology Department will be alerted by the night supervisor. This technologist will be considered the designee of the x-ray department and will report to the information center for further information.

• It will be the duty of this technologist to call in extra help as needed. All extra help called in will report directly to Radiology.

Duties of Medical Imaging Personnel Department Head will:

• Call any or all personnel needed. • Arrange for extra supplies to be brought in if needed. • Coordinate flow of work and delegation of work areas. • Other Technologists will: Perform all x‐ray exams as needed and assigned. Perform all clerical duties.

O. Laboratory

• Department Head or designee will call in their own personnel as needed after reporting to Command Center.

• Call personnel from nearby hospitals and clinics as necessary. • Have arrangements made to obtain additional blood, equipment and supplies from

area agencies. P. Materials Management - Purchasing


• Be prepared to supply all departments with needed supplies. • Director will designate assistant to supply runners or volunteers to deliver supplies. • Have an uptodate list of suppliers who can quickly supply extra materials. • Have Kardex in Storeroom uptodate.

Q. Pharmacy

• Report to Command Center, then remain in department.



• Have list of drug suppliers that can provide emergency supplies quickly (list is in ProcedureManual).

• Keep minimum supply of emergency drugs on hand at all times. • Pharmacy should remain open and have a runner to deliver needed meds to areas.

R. Respiratory Therapy


• Keep adequate supply of bubblers, cannulas, masks and flow meters available in Respiratory Therapy Department.

• Be prepared to obtain additional respirators and equipment as needed. • Be prepared to assist in treatment areas. • Keep resuscitation equipment in good operating condition and well marked.

S. Physical Therapy


• Be prepared to accept walking wounded victims. Be prepared to provide assistance to RN's as needed.

• Request a runner from Command Center as needed. T. Occupational Therapy


U. Stress/EKG Department

• Reports to Respiratory Therapy Head or designee. • Be prepared to obtain additional equipment and supplies. • Be prepared to assist in treatment areas.

V. Social Services

• Report to the Command Center and be prepared to stay with relatives of victims in hospital lobby.

• Will provide Command Center with a list of the family members that are here. W. Director of Community Relations


• Be prepared to call in volunteers who are familiar with physical plant of hospital to serve.

• Have volunteers set up downstairs classroom for babysitting personnel's children. X. Quality Improvement/Risk Management ‐ Utilization Review

• Report to Command Center and assist with relatives of victims in hospital lobby. Also assistEducation Coordinator with press information.

Y. Security

• Report to Command Center. • Assist RN's as needed.



Z. Infection Control • Report to Command Center. • Be prepared to assist in Pharmacy as needed.

AA. Nursing Personnel Assigned to Disaster Victims 1. Obtain information and fill out available information and time on disaster tags. Even if noinformation is available as to identity, give information as to condition, types of injuries, etc. If top sheet on tag has already been picked up, use O.P. record (may use ER Nurses

notes)to record changes in patient's condition, additional information, etc. Be sure to use hospital disaster tag number for identification (the tag is in

triplicate). Be sure top sheet of disaster tag is made available to Medical Records with

pertinent information. DO NOT leave your patient unattended. Patient may be signed off to person in

charge when admitted to a unit. Give aggressive first aid treatment. Make out the appropriate lab slips and x‐ray requisitions with disaster number. It

is essential that they have these slips made out. Patients who have been admitted to the hospital should have the information slips

placed with the Command Center in the Emergency Department. If a patient is transferred, be sure to indicate on the tag to which hospital he has

been sent. If a patient is admitted to our hospital, be sure and send all oxygen equipment to

his room with him. Sign disaster tags.

AB. Medical Records Department Head or designee will call in their own personnel as needed after

reporting to the Command Center. Assign person to be responsible for maintaining casualty lists and assist with

paperwork as needed at Command Center. Supply extra forms as needed. Be responsible for releasing information to the press after the families of the

victims have been notified.

4.8 Fire and safety Protection Building materials shall be of appropriate fire resistance standard.The entire facility is provided with sprinklers and an addressable fire alarm system. The details about the safety equipment proposed to control/minimize the fire hazards are listed below,

i) External hydrant system with 2 hoses + 1 nozzle = 10 points ii) Internal fire hydrant system with 2 hoses + 1 nozzle = 72 points iii) Sprinkler system

- Quartzite bulb spinkler K80 @ 79o

iv) Concealed sprinkler K80 @ 79C – Bulb type – 6,000 nos

o

v) Extended coverage K80 @ 79C – Bulb type – 200 nos

o

vi) Gas suppression system – FM200 – proposed C – with rosette plate – 300 nos

vii) Addressable fire alarm system with optical smoke detectors – 3,500 nos.



viii) Extinguishers - ABC type (5 kg) with indicating gauge – 300 nos. - CO2

- Emergency Exit – 25 nos. (4.5 kg) – 70 nos.

As far as the protection of the server room and control panels is concerned it is proposed to have a clean agent system like FM 200, NAF, NOVEC etc. These gases have zero GWP (Global warming potential) and have a relatively small atmospheric shelf life. They also have a zero ODP (Ozone Depleting Potential). No CO2

is used. Employees will be provided with information related to fire hazards, antidotes and first aid measures. All provisions have been made as per NBC norms.

4.9Energy Environment

In the proposed project, highly energy efficient building materials will beconsidered. Some of the energy efficient measures considered are:

• Energy efficient environmental friendly fluorescent lamps with electronic ballasts/ CFL.

• Dual Switching and occupancy based sensors in all closed cabin. • Energy optimization module in UPS systems to automatically switch off excess

capacity during light load condition. • Dry resin cast low loss transformers as against conventional oil cooled

transformers. • Timer control in the distribution board for external lighting. • Power conditioning equipment to list the THDI to 5% and to improve power factor

0.95 and above • Air cooled chillers to reduce energy consumption with input KW – 1.05 – 1.1 KW. • Variable Frequency drive for chilled water pumps, AHUs. • Demand Control ventilation for fresh air. • HVAC air handling unit – ARI standards.

Energy consumption requirement is based in load details available (and not on persqft basis) e.g. air conditioning (2,600 kW), lightning (700 kW) and sum miscellaneousloads. Power backup will be provided with different sources viz., D.G. sets, UPS,Inverter and Battery.



Chapter-5 Summary & Conclusion

The proposed project is construction of St. Xaviers Catholic Medical college and hospital project at Chunkankadai, Nagarcoil, Kanyakumari dist, Tamil Nadu

The total plot area is 116167Sq.m with a total built up area is about 53514Sq.m.

The Multi Super Specialty Hospital and medical college will accommodate 570 beds, 2100 Outpatients, around 900 Staffs (includes technical and non-technical).

The Power requirement for the project is 500 KVA. The DG set back up of 250 KVA – 2 Nos are provided in case of power failure scenario.

The total water requirement for the proposed project operation is 503 KLD will be met through local body. The total wastewater generated from the Project Operation is 309 KLD. Out of these, the domestic sewage is 281 KLD, Operation Theatre & Laboratory / Research centre are 24 KLD, Laundry effluent around 4 KLD. The domestic sewage will be treated in the STP of capacity 350 KLD.

The bio sludge generated from the STP will be dried and used as manure for green belt development within the premises. Paper and plastic wastes will be sold to recyclers. Other non-biodegradable wastes including glass and metals, inerts will also be sold to recyclers and the organic waste will be sent to municipal solid waste collection system.

The hazardous wastes such as used oil of 0.2T/year will be sent to TNPCB authorized recyclers and ETP sludge of 2 kg/day will be sent to nearby TSDF.

The biomedical waste generated of about 780 Kg/day will be handled and disposed off to common Biomedical Waste Management Facility as per the Bio-Medical Waste (Management and Handling) Rules, 2003.

The development of this project has certain beneficial impact/effects in terms of providing the employment opportunities that the same will create during the course of its setting up as well as during operational phase of the project.

Thus, it can be concluded that with the judicious and proper implementation of the pollution control and mitigation measures, the proposed project will be beneficial to the society and will provide a health care educational facility that fosters excellence in medical field and teaching.

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0

5

100.0 M

85

90

415

420

40.0 M

47.3

M

72.7 M

21.6 M

7075

8085

9095

100

105

110

115

120

125

130

135

138

139

145

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

185

190

195

200

205

210

215

220

225

230

235

240

245

250

254

TO

TA

L :

53514.00

CA

R PA

RK

ING

CA

LC

UL

AT

ION

570 NO

S

87.5 M

74.5 M

3.33 M

SITE BOU

ND

RY

69.0 M

AUD

ITORIUM

/EXAMINATIO

N HALL

& LIBRARY

HO

SPITA

L

AC

AD

EM

IC

AD

MIN

ISTR

AT

ION

(HO

SP.)

AU

DIT

OR

IUM

LE

CT

UR

E H

AL

L

C.S.S.D

., STE

AM

LA

UN

DR

Y&

M

OD

ER

N K

ICH

EN

MO

RT

UA

RY

5940.00

GF

17192.00

3600.00

2853.00

4476.00

BU

ILT

UP A

RE

A:

TO

TA

L :

53514.00

FF

SFT

FT

OT

AL

BL

OC

K S.N

O.

I1.

& L

IBR

AR

Y

PUB

LIC

TO

ILE

T

II2.

III3.

IV4.

V5.

VI

6.

VII

7.

VIII

8.

IX9.

AN

IMA

L H

OU

SE

CE

NT

RA

L L

AB

, CA

NT

EE

N

BA

NK

&P.O

.

OSR

AC

CE

SS RO

AD

3.0

M W

IDE

FOO

T PA

TH

BLOCK NO.III

BLOCK NO

.II

BL

OC

K N

O.I

BLOCK NO.VADMINISTRATION(HOSP.) CENTRAL LAB, CANTEEN BANK &P.O.

BL

OC

K N

O.V

II

BLOCK NO

.VII

BL

OC

K N

O.I

BLO

CK

NO

.VI

BLOCK NO

.VI

23704.00 5940.00

5904.005920.00

1080.00-

--

1080.00

1182.00557.00

557.00557.00

2975.004303.00

4303.004303.00

1308.00

257.001515.00

1352.001352.00

900.00900.00

900.00900.00

53.00

155.00

401.00

53.00

155.00

401.00-

--

--

-

--

-

12923.0013215.00

13052.0013016.00

(STIL

T)

TF

(RE

AR

)

1308.00

(PAR

T)

SQ.M

. SQ

.M.

SQ.M

. SQ

.M.

SQ.M

. SQ

.M.

---- - - - -

GR

EEN BELT

GR

EE

N B

ELT

2457 SQ.M

. 1

2053

SQ

.M

2

GR

EE

N B

EL

T

26982 SQ.M

3

rcc humepipe

for telephone line cable

rcc humepipe


rcc humepipe


O.T

.O

.T.

O.T

.

O.T

.

REC

OV

ERY

IRC

U

IMC

U

ICC

U

WA

RD

REC

OV

ERY

WA

RD

GA

S SUPPL

Y PIPE

LIN

E

VA

CU

UM

AIR

NIT

RO

US O

XID

E [N

OX

YG

EN

2 0]

[O ] 2

GR

EE

NB

EL

T A

RE

A

12457.00 SQ

.M.

22053.00 SQ

.M.

326982.00 SQ

.M.

TO

TA

L 36900.00 SQ

.M.

GR

EE

N B

EL

T

NO

TE

S:

CA

R PA

RK

ING

RO

AD

IN &

OU

T

DE

VIC

ES

Hydrant V

alve

First A

id Hose R

eel Drum

Hose C

abinet

Butter F

ly Valve

Sluice Valve

Gate V

alve

Non R

eturn Valve

Foot V

alve

Four w

ay Fire Bricade

Pipe Line

Abbreviation

Symbol

LE

GE

ND

:

SV

SV

SV

RISE

R 1 (G

+3)

15 MX

13M X1.3 M

RISER

6(G+3)

9.14

M W

IDE

RO

AD

6.0 M W

IDE

RO

AD

6.0 M W

IDE R

OA

D

9.0 M WIDE EXISTING ROAD

9.14 M W

IDE RO

AD

12.2

M W

IDE

RO

AD

9.14 M W

IDE

RO

AD

BM

WM

RO

OM

DG

AR

EA

MA

N H

OL

E

NO

TE

S: EX

TE

RN

AL

SEW

AG

E D

ISPOSA

L

EX

TE

RN

AL

SEW

EG

E D

ISPOSA

L L

INE

INSPE

CT

ION

CH

AM

BE

R IN

RO

AD

S

R W

C C

RA

IN W

AT

ER

PER

CO

LA

TIO

N PIT

RA

IN W

AT

ER

CO

LL

EC

TIO

N

CH

AM

BE

R IN

RO

AD

S

NO

TE

S: EX

TE

RN

AL

RA

IN W

AT

ER

&

EX

TE

RN

AL

RA

IN W

AT

ER

DISPO

SAL

LIN

E

STO

RM

WA

TE

R D

ISPOSA

L

KU

LA

M

EL

EC

TR

ICA

L L

INE

CA

BL

E &

EB

POST

EL

EC

TR

ICA

L L

INE

XX

TE

LE

PHO

NE

LIN

E

TE

LE

PHO

NE

LIN

E C

AB

LE

NO

TE

S:

NO

TE

S: EX

TE

RN

AL

DO

ME

STIC

WA

TE

R SU

PPLY

&

EX

TE

RN

AL

STP T

RE

AT

ED

WA

TE

R SU

PPLY

BLO

CK

NO

.VI

206.30 M

GR

EE

N B

EL

T

26982 SQ.M

3

100/2

16.2

0 M

44

492

495

496

498

1 5 10 15

20

2530354043

4850

5560

65

CA

RP

AR

KIN

G

TW

OW

HE

EL

ER

PA

RK

ING

IN

2.5

1.0

2.5

5.0

2.5

5M

499

553

CA

RP

AR

KIN

G

CARPARKING

IN

12 M X

10 MX

3M

4 5408.00 SQ

.M.

% O

F G

RE

EN

BE

LT

: 31.76 %

GREEN BELT

5408 S

Q.M.

4

PLIN

TH

AR

EA

[CO

VE

RE

D]

RO

AD

S/PAT

HW

AY

S,ET

C.

GR

EE

NB

EL

T

PAR

KIN

G A

RE

A [SU

RFA

CE

]

UT

ILIT

Y A

RE

A

OSR

AR

EA

VA

CA

NT

AR

EA

12923.00

SQ.M

.

14363.00

36900.00

DE

TA

ILS

TO

TA

L :

AR

EA

IN A

RE

A %

11736.00

15888.00

28.00

116167.00

PLO

T A

RE

A: 116167.00

11.12

12.36

31.76

13.68

0.01

10.10

20.9724329.00

100.00

SHE

ET

NO

. 2

STRUCTURAL ENGINEER

ARCHITECT/LICENSED SURVEIOR

APPLICANT

SCALE= 1:400

BOUNDARY

COLOR INDEX:

PROPOSED BUILDING

EXISTING ROAD

LAY OUT PLAN SHOWING THE

MEDICAL COLLEGE & HOSPITAL

AT CHUNKANKADAI, ALLOOR

IN R.S.NO.100/1 Pt,2,3 &101/1Pt FOR

VILLAGE, KALKULAM TK, NAGAR-

St. XAVIER'S CATHOLIC

COIL, KANYAKUMARI DISTRICT.

PROPOSED HOSPITAL BUILDINGS

AREA DETAILS:

N

PLOT AREA: 116167.0 SQ.M.(Acre 28.69.5 Cents)

570 BEDDED HOSPITAL BLOCK :

ACADEMIC BLOCK:

ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK:

LIBRARY & AUDITORIUM BLOCK:

LECTURE HALL BLOCK:

C.S.S.D., STREAM LAUNDRY&

MODERN KICHEN BLOCK:

MORTUARY, ANIMAL HOUSE &

23704.00

SQ.M.

17192.00

3600.00

2853.00

4476.00

1080.00

609.00

TOTAL PLINTH AREA: 53463.00

BUILT UP AREA:

PUBLIC TOILET BLOCK:

WARD AREA:(570 BEDS) 7458.00

NON BEDDED AREA: 46005.00

NON BEDDED AREA: (1 CAR/100 SQ.M.)

461 NOS

CAR PARKING FOR WARD AREA:(570 BEDS)

(1 CAR/15 BEDS)38 NOS

499 NOSTOTAL NO. OF CARS REQUIRED:

553 NOSTOTAL NO. OF CARSPROVIDED:

TOTAL NO. OF TWO WHEELERS PROVIDED: 467 NOS

NO. OF STUDENTS : NO. OF STAFFS: NO. OF BEDS :

NO. OF TOILETS PROVIDED:

500 BEDDED HOSPITAL BLOCK :ACADEMIC BLOCK:ADMINISTRATIVE BLOCK:LIBRARY & AUDITORIUM BLOCK:LECTURE HALL BLOCK:

C.S.S.D., STREAM LAUNDRY& MODERN KICHEN BLOCK:

MORTUARY& ANIMAL HOUSE: PUBLIC TOILET BLOCK:

12109

8

W.C. BATH

1

401 3

8

277 76

TOTAL NO. OF TOILETS : 457 76

-

-

-

-

101/1PART86

.0

100/1PART

37.8

M

31.4

M

100/2

104.6M KULAM

45.6

M

SITE BOUNDRY

9.0 M WIDE ROAD

9.0 M W

IDE ROAD

382/2 PT

382/1PT

34.7M

100.6M

101/1PART

N

ENTRY

CARPARKING

gate

29.2

M

9.14 M WIDE ROAD

6.0 M WIDE ROAD

6.0 M W

IDE ROAD

PARK

374.75M

67.8 M

202.0 M

182.5 M

9.0

M W

IDE

RO

AD

9.14 M W

IDE R

OAD

DRIVE WAY 3.6 M WIDE

DRIVE WAY 3.6 M WIDE6.

0M

4.5 M WIDE SERVICE ROAD

20 M

LAND LEFT FOR O.S.R. : 11736.0 SQ.M.

(Acre 2.90 Cents)

O.S.R. 10% : 11616.7 SQ.M.(Acre 2.87Cents)

RO

AD

TO TRIVANDRUM

N.H. 30 M WIDE ROAD

RO

AD

TO NAGARCOIL

TO TRIVANDRUM

N.H. ROAD

KEY PLANNOT TO SCALE

LAY-OUT PLAN

12 M

OUT

IN

IN OUT

IN

OUT

SITE BOUNDRY

SITE BOUNDRY

SITE PROPOSED

21.0M

17.

6M

8.6M

4.8M

29.0M

48.8M

29.6M

7.0M17.8M

15.0M

23.4M

36.2M

67.6M

8.6M

12.6M11.4M

6.2M

35.8M

17.0M

36.2M

14.8M

10.6M

87.6M

105.2M

28.0M

30.0M

12.4

91.8M

49.6

24.2

36.8

101/2

18.6

18.224.6M

24.0

30.0

48.6

37.8

30.6

21.4

85.2

100/3

100/1 Pt.

9.14

M W

IDE

RO

AD

12.2 M W

IDE ROAD

12.2 M WIDE ROAD

12.2

5 M

9.14 M WIDE ROAD

6 M

TWOWHEELERPARKING

100.0

5

OUT

4.5 M W

IDE SERVICE ROAD

100.0 M

OU

T

85

90

415

420

9.6

m

40.0

M

47.3 M

72.7 M

21.6 M

44

70

75

80

85

9095

10010

511011

5120

12513

013513

8

139

145

150

155

160

165

170

175

180

185

190

195

200

205

210

215

220

225

230

235

240

245

250

254

TOTAL : 53514.00

CAR PARKING CALCULATION

570 NOS

87.5 M

74.5 M

3.33 M

SITE BOUNDRY

69.0 M

AUDITORIU

M /EXAMIN

ATION H

ALL

& LIBRARY

6.2

M

6 M

9.4 M

492

495

496

498

499

553

1

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

43

485055

6065

CARPARKING

CARPARKIN

G

CARPARKING

TWOWHEELERPARKING

OUT

ININ

SV

SV

RISER 1 (G+3)

15 MX13M X

1.3 M

3 M

RISER 6(G+3)

17.56 M

9.96 M

18.5

0 M

30.67 M

10.06 M

4.645

15.23 M

47.8 M

11.72

0.2

18.5 M

18.5 M

18.5 M

6.22 M

4.575

6.8 M7.19 M

4.8 M

33.54 M

2.5

1.0

2.5

5.0

5.37

8.97

HOSPITAL

ACADEMIC

ADMINISTRATION(HOSP.)

AUDITORIUM

LECTURE HALL

C.S.S.D., STEAM LAUNDRY& MODERN KICHEN

MORTUARY

5940.00

GF

17192.00

3600.00

2853.00

4476.00

BUILT UP AREA:

TOTAL : 53514.00

FF SF TF TOTALBLOCK S.NO.

I1.

& LIBRARY

PUBLIC TOILET

II2.

III3.

IV4.

V5.

VI6.

VII7.

VIII8.

IX9.

ANIMAL HOUSE

CENTRAL LAB, CANTEEN BANK &P.O.

OSR

ACCESS ROAD

3.0 WIDE FOOT PATH

BL

OC

K N

O.I

II

BLOCK NO.II

BLOCK NO.I

BL

OC

K N

O.V

AD

MIN

IST

RA

TIO

N(H

OSP

.) C

EN

TR

AL

LA

B, C

AN

TE

EN

B

AN

K &

P.O

.

BLOCK NO.VII

BLOCK NO.V

II

BLOCK NO.I

BLOCK NO.VI

BLOCK NO.V

I

11 M

18 M

9.5

M

7.7

M

13.6 M

17.7 M

16.5M

17.3 M

15 M

13 M

15.4

15 M

14 M

14.3

17.1

M

23704.00 5940.00 5904.005920.00

1080.00 - - - 1080.00

1182.00 557.00 557.00 557.00

2975.00 4303.00 4303.00 4303.00 1308.00

257.00 1515.00 1352.00 1352.00

900.00 900.00 900.00 900.00

53.00

155.00

401.00

53.00

155.00

401.00- - -

- - -

- - -

12923.00 13215.00 13052.00 13016.00

2.5

5M

21.0

M

13.4

M

15.2 M

21.3 M

(STILT)

TF (REAR)

1308.00

(PART)

SQ.M. SQ.M. SQ.M. SQ.M. SQ.M. SQ.M.

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

GREEN BELT

374.75M

105.2M

28.0M

100.0

46.30 M

SHEET NO.1

form i, ia and environmental management plan...

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