forest vocation land policy. concepts
DESCRIPTION
A public forest and land cover policy that address erosion and runoff in a cost effective and simple manner. Presentation given at the World Forest Congress in Buenos Aires, Argentina in 2009.TRANSCRIPT
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FOREST VOCATION LAND POLICY
Política Tierra de Vocación Forestal y Otras Herramientas
para Facilitar Negocios Forestales Sostenibles
Buenos Aires - Argentina
21 del Octubre, 2009
Dr. José Rente Nascimento[[email protected]]
- SIDE EVENT DEL CFM2009 -
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Summary
1- FVL policy scope2- Problem - opportunities3- FVL definition4- FVL policy directive5- The vision6- Leverage and strategy7- FVLs in LAC countries8- Some concepts9- Advantages and disadvantages7- Simplicity, precision and cost effectiveness9- FVLs and climate change10- Implications from the of FVL policy implementation 11- Instruments for implementation
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Forest Vocation Land Scope
2 types of forest policies:
1- Private goods and services
2- Environmental services (externalities)
Soil and water related externalities
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Erosion
Loss of fertility and productivity
Runoff
Sedimentation, water body storage loss
Floods, water flow regimen, less water in dry seasons
Poor water quality
Land use allocation conflicts
Adverse effects on hydroelectricity, irrigation, potable water; water for industrial production
The problem - opportunity
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Forest Vocation Land defined:
those lands that, due to their
physical site features such as
soil, topography, and the rainfall they receive,
should be kept under forest cover or
other sustainable land use
if
soil or water related negative externalities are to be avoided.
FVL classification does not depend on the type of cover the land actually has, nor does it depend on the requirements it may have for agriculture crop or forest production. Therefore, lands with no forest cover or use can still be classified as FVL if their physical features so indicate; while lands covered with forest may not be FVL.
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TVF Forest policy directive:
Forest vocation lands should be
covered by forests or used with a sustainable land use
if
no soil and water related negative externalities are to reduce social welfare.
Non compliance would be penalized by the state through fines sufficient to stimulate
the desirable change.
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Reforested FVL
The vision
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regeneration
The vision
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BIDFVL & nFVL
with sustainable
covers
The Vision
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Leverage point
Shotgun
approach
Sniper
approach
Traditional
Strategy
FVL
Strategy
FVL policy is simple, more precise, intuitive,
and cost effective because it identifies critical
areas at high risk of erosion and acts upon
them
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Slope
Proxy for
FVL
17 countries
with 50% or
more of steep
slopes (at
least)
¿Which LAC countries have most FVLs?
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Some concepts
Land cover: the observed (bio) physical cover on the earth's surface, regardless of its use by people.
Land use: Refers to arrangements, activities and inputs people undertake in a certain land cover type to produce, change or maintain it.
Uso Forestal: Any land use that involves a forest cover. It includes, for example, exotic or native species plantation forests, natural primary or secondary forests under management; agroforestry uses, arbustive fruit plantations, forest roads, firebreaks, recently harvested forests temporarily without forest cover and that will return to forest use, etc.
Sustainable land use: Land use of any type that does not generate soil or water related negative externalities. It can be a sustainable agriculture use, a road, a building, forest cover, forest use.
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• Simple and intuitive
• Cost effective for the state to implement
• Flexible and most cost effective land covers available to land owners
• Simplifies the legal framework, reduces illegality, and reduces corruption
• Concentrates the action by the State on critical areas under high risk of erosion and runoff
• Creates incentives for degraded FVL restauration
• Identifies areas (nFVL) that can have a more flexible land use without major risk of erosion and runoff
• Reduces conflicts over land use
Advantages
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• Policy specialized on solving soil and water externalities
• Can contribute but is not an effective means to address other externalities such as biodiversity or aesthetic
• Identifies nFVL covered with trees and whose conversion might be socially desirable
Disadvantages
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Simplicity and low cost: FVLs and nFVLs. Panama example
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Forest cover
Forest
cover
No forest
cover
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FVLs without forest cover: risk areas for erosion and runoff
Simplicity and low cost
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Acceptable uses and covers
Classification
FVL nFVL
Cover or use
Forest Acceptable Indifferent
NOT-Forest
Sustainable Acceptable Indifferent
NOT-sustainable
NOT-acceptable
Indifferent
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Priority sites for inspection (sniper).FVLs without forest cover
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Systems dynamics modeling. Causal relationships
If variable A increases (decreases), variable B increases (decreases) more than without A´s change.
The variables move in the same direction.
If variable A decreases (increases), variable B increases (decreases) more than without A´s change.
The variables move in the opposite directions.
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FVLs and environmental services of forests
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TVFs y Servicios de cuerpos de agua,
inundaciones, y producción de la tierra
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FVLs and adaptation to
greater flood risks
Climate change
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FVLs and the adaptation of
agriculture to rainfall changes
Climate change
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Implications from the adoption of the FVL policy
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FVL IDENTIFICATION &
COVER BASELINE
FVL COVER CHANGE
MONITORING
LEGAL FRAMEWORK
ADJUSMENT
ENVIRONMENTAL,
ECONOMIC, FISCAL,
FINANCIAL ANALYSES
(CURRENT POLICY x FVL
POLÍCY)
INSTITUTIONAL
ADJUSTMENT
DISEMINATION, SUPPORT
TO FLV OWNERS, AND
RESULTS PROMOTION
INSTRUMENTS
PRINCIPALS
FVL POLICY FOR FLOOD
RISK MANAGEMENT
PLANTATION FOREST
APTITUD ZONING
COMPLEMENTARY
Fuente: BID (2008)
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TAKE HOME POINT
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FVL Policy Directive
Forest Vocation Lands, due to their
physical site features such as
soil, topography, and the rainfall they receive,
should be kept under forest cover or
other sustainable land use
if
soil or water related negative externalities are to be avoided.