for several billion years after “Big Bang”

between4.5 and 3.8 billion years ago

What happened on the earth at that time?

what did the explosion produce?

A cloud of dust

settle into a solid globe

Explode…with fire & rock

(produce C, N2, H2O, and other gases)

madeatmospherewater appeared

Cool down

Life began on the earth

What did the water do on the earth?dissolve harmful gases into …

what kind of life form appeared first?small plants on the watershellfish & other fish

Green plants began to grow on landinsects and amphibians

can live on land and in the waterthe plants grew into forests

reptiles lay eggsthe age of dinosaurs

mammalsgive birth to young baby animals

clever animals

Language points

1. What it was to become was uncertain until …

他昨天直到七点才离开学校 .He didn’t leave school until seven o’clock.

他们到了中国才能看了长城 .The couldn’t see the Great Wall until they came to China.It was not until they came to China that they could see the Great Wall.

Not…until… 直到…才…It is/was not until… that… 强调句

It was not until seven o’clock that he left school.

(sth) be to (do): 1. 不可避免要发生或必须发生。 They said goodbye, little knowing that they were never to meet again. She is to be honoured for this great work. 2 表示按计划、安排要发生的动作

We were to have been married last week

The train is to arrive in BeiJing at 10:25

Tell her she is not to be back late!

3 表命令

2. They were in time to produce carbon,…, whi

ch were to make important is

in time: 及时 ; 最终 in time (for sth. /to do sth.): 及时；不迟我迟早会遇见他 .

I’ll see him________.她会及时回来准备晚餐 .

She will be back __________ prepare dinner.

你认为我们能及时赶上火车吗 ?Do you think we can get there _________the train?in time for

in time

in time to

与 time 相关的短语 :

on time 按时 ; 准时 In no time 立刻 , 马上 at times 有时 at a time 每次 ; 依次 once upon a time 从前

allowed the earth to dissolve harmful gases…

1) allow sb. to do…= permit sb. to do…My father doesn’t allow_________ at home.In fact he doesn’t _________________ anywher

e at any time.

2) Harmful adj. Opp: harmless harm n.

be harmful to sb./sth.= do harm to sb. /sth.

对…有害过多的二氧化碳对环境有害 .Too much carbon dioxide is harmful to / does harm to the environment.

smokingallow us to smoke

This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.

1) Chain reaction 连锁反应2) Make it possible to do

使… . 成为可能 make it + adj.+(for sb.) to do sth.

组长让我们可以一起合作 .

The group leader

____________________________

老师让他们跟容易地明白那个问题 .

The teacher _______________________________.

made it possible for us to work together.

made it easy for them to understand the question.

5.They multiplied and filled the oceans and seas with oxygen, which encouraged the

1) Multiply v. 乘 , 增加 , 繁殖蚊子在夏天繁殖得很快 .

Mosquitoes multiply rapidly in summer.

2) encourage v. 鼓励 , 促进encourage sb. to do sth

老师鼓励我们上课说英语 .

The teacher encourages us to speak English in class.

我那是第一次见到她 .

I saw her_______________ .

十年后 , 他第三次来到这里 .

Ten years later, he came here ______________

这是我第二次见到他 .

It is_____________________________.

第一次见到他 , 我就爱上了他 .

I loved him _________________________.

the second time that I have seen him

the first time I saw him

for the first time

for the third time.

7. The laid eggs too and existed on the earth…

exist in 存在与…之中 exist on 靠…为生 exist by 靠…生存It was impossible for them to ________such

a small income.

The universe ________space.

exist on

exists in

The wild man __________hunting wild animal in the forest.

existed by

Remain

1) 系动词 . 保持 , 仍然是In fact, the work remained unfinished

2)remaining adj. 剩下的The remaining students will serve for the au

dience.

3)Remain to be done 有待 , 尚待It remains to be seen whether you are right.

10. …which prevents heat from escaping from

prevent (from) doing sth.

阻止…做某事同义词组：stop… (from)…

keep…from… （此处 from 不能省）

我们被阻止在课室吃早餐．We are prevented/kept/stopped from having breakfast in the classroom.

12….millions of years to come will depend on whether …depend on sb. 依靠 , 相信某人depend on sth. 取决与某物

我们都靠你来做决定了．We’ll all _______________to make a decision.明天是否能开校运会取决与天气．Whether to hold the sports meeting or not will _______________________.

depend on you

depend on the weather