Foods of EuropeFrance, British Isles,

Germany, Poland, and Scandinavia.

France• French cooking varies by region. Agriculture and

proximity to water affect the popularity of foods. Beef is popular in the north, central France is know for it’s wine, fish is common along the coast and truffles are a specialty in the south.

• French cooking includes a variety of sauces like béchamel (cream sauce), demi-glace (meat broth sauce), Hollandaise (egg yolk and lemon juice) and vinaigrette (wine, oil and vinegar).

• Soups, wines, soufflés, stews, and roasted meats are common meals in France.

Common Ingredients in France

• Fresh ingredients are the hallmark of French cuisine.• Fresh herbs like chives, parsley, marjoram, rosemary and

fennel are common.• Poultry, beef and fish are popular.• Vegetables are served with every meal and include

asparagus, potatoes, mushrooms, carrots, endive, eggplant and zucchini.

• Favorite fruits include berries, pear and apple. • Bread is baked, purchased and eaten daily.• Butter, milk, cheeses and cream are common. • Cheese is named for the region that first made the variety.

Famous Recipes

• Quiche: savory custard tart.

• Ratatouille: casserole containing tomatoes, eggplant, green pepper, zucchini and seasonings.

Salad niḉoise: salad of potatoes, green beans, tomatoes and other vegetables.

• Consommes: soup with meat stock

• Bread: French bread (Pain), baguette and croissants

British IslesBritish Isles

Includes England, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Includes England, Ireland, Northern Ireland, Scotland and Wales.Scotland and Wales.

Island setting leads to frequent use of fish. Island setting leads to frequent use of fish. Mild winters and warm summers made Mild winters and warm summers made

farming common. Land is rocky in areas.farming common. Land is rocky in areas. Indian colonization made tea and Indian Indian colonization made tea and Indian

curry (spicy vegetable dishes) popular. curry (spicy vegetable dishes) popular. Hundreds of varieties of pudding are made. Hundreds of varieties of pudding are made.

It is baked, steamed or boiled. It can be It is baked, steamed or boiled. It can be sweet or savory. It will be molded and may sweet or savory. It will be molded and may be wrapped in a pastry crust. be wrapped in a pastry crust.

Common Ingredients in British Cooking

• Vegetables include root vegetables like potatoes, beets, carrots, parsnips, onions and leeks. Also spinach, peas, beans and cabbage.

• Wheat, barley and oats are common grains.• Apples, grapes, raisins, plums, and cherries.• Meats include beef, pork, mutton and game.• Fish include salmon, herring, cod, & mackerel.• Butter, milk, clotted cream (thick yellowish cream

spread on various breads). Cheese tends to be mild & crumbly.

• Tea more popular than coffee.• Beer and some wine consumed.

Recipes of the British IslesRecipes of the British Isles

Steak and Kidney PieSteak and Kidney Pie: Slices of kidney and beef are : Slices of kidney and beef are smothered in gravy and baked in a pie crust.smothered in gravy and baked in a pie crust.

Recipes of the British IslesRecipes of the British Isles

Fish and ChipsFish and Chips: Battered fried : Battered fried cod served with French fries cod served with French fries and wrapped in yesterday’s and wrapped in yesterday’s newspaper.newspaper.

Shepherd’s PieShepherd’s Pie: Casserole of mashed potato, : Casserole of mashed potato, vegetables and beef.vegetables and beef.

SconesScones: Sweet biscuit like baked good.: Sweet biscuit like baked good.

Recipes of the British IslesRecipes of the British Isles

Irish ColcannonIrish Colcannon: Mashed potatoes : Mashed potatoes with scallions and cabbage.with scallions and cabbage.

Welsh RarebitWelsh Rarebit: Toast covered in a : Toast covered in a thick cheese sauce.thick cheese sauce.

Haggis: Scottish specialty; Haggis: Scottish specialty; Sheep stomach is filled withSheep stomach is filled with pudding made of oatmeal pudding made of oatmeal and organ meats.and organ meats.

Cooking in GermanyCooking in Germany

American Christmas traditions are American Christmas traditions are often based on German practices.often based on German practices.

Hundreds of varieties of sausage are Hundreds of varieties of sausage are made.made.

Fruit dishes often accompanies meats. Fruit dishes often accompanies meats. Potatoes are prepared in many ways.Potatoes are prepared in many ways. Bread is eaten with every meal. Sweet Bread is eaten with every meal. Sweet

baked goods are popular.baked goods are popular. Beer and white wine are served with most Beer and white wine are served with most

meals.meals.

Common Ingredients in Common Ingredients in GermanyGermany

Pork, beef, veal and game are roasted or Pork, beef, veal and game are roasted or cured and made into of sausage.cured and made into of sausage.

Apples, plums, raisins, currants and apricots Apples, plums, raisins, currants and apricots are cooked and served with meals or baked are cooked and served with meals or baked into desserts.into desserts.

Vegetables used in German cooking include Vegetables used in German cooking include cabbage, beets, potatoes, carrots and fresh cabbage, beets, potatoes, carrots and fresh greens. greens.

Vegetables are often pickled. Vegetables are often pickled. Seafood includes herring, eel, cod and Seafood includes herring, eel, cod and

haddock.haddock.

American Favorites from American Favorites from GermanyGermany

Pretzels, sausage, mustard, funnel Pretzels, sausage, mustard, funnel cakes, doughnuts, pork and cakes, doughnuts, pork and

sauerkraut, potato salad, coleslaw, sauerkraut, potato salad, coleslaw, strudel, coffee cake, pickles and strudel, coffee cake, pickles and

black forest cake.black forest cake.

PolandPoland

Colder climate leads to shorter growing Colder climate leads to shorter growing season. Poland is heavily forested.season. Poland is heavily forested.

Orthodox Church influences diet by Orthodox Church influences diet by encouraging fasting and limiting meat encouraging fasting and limiting meat consumption throughout the year.consumption throughout the year.

Italian born queen in 16Italian born queen in 16thth century brought century brought Italian influences.Italian influences.

During 19During 19thth century French cooking century French cooking techniques brought rich sauces to upper techniques brought rich sauces to upper class. Lower classes stuck to more class. Lower classes stuck to more traditional heartier soups and breads. traditional heartier soups and breads.

Ingredients in PolandIngredients in Poland Grains: wheat, rye, millet, barley and buckwheat.Grains: wheat, rye, millet, barley and buckwheat. Vegetables are often pickled. Mushrooms, Vegetables are often pickled. Mushrooms,

cucumber, beets, cabbage, kohlrabi, onion, cucumber, beets, cabbage, kohlrabi, onion, potato, parsnips common. potato, parsnips common.

Meats often pickled or dried. 1000’s of varieties Meats often pickled or dried. 1000’s of varieties of sausage. Fish include herring, caviar, salmon, of sausage. Fish include herring, caviar, salmon, pike and perch.pike and perch.

Dairy: sour cream, yogurt, buttermilk and cottage Dairy: sour cream, yogurt, buttermilk and cottage cheese.cheese.

Fruits: plum, blackcurrant, strawberries, cherries Fruits: plum, blackcurrant, strawberries, cherries and blueberries. Jam making important in winter.and blueberries. Jam making important in winter.

Beverages include tea, coffee, milk, vodka.Beverages include tea, coffee, milk, vodka. Foods are seasoned with dill, parsley, garlic, Foods are seasoned with dill, parsley, garlic,

mustard and horseradish.mustard and horseradish.

Polish RecipesPolish Recipes

Buckwheat PancakesBuckwheat Pancakes: hearty : hearty

nutty flavored pancakes nutty flavored pancakes

served with sour cream.served with sour cream.

BorschtBorscht: beet soup. : beet soup.

can be thick or thincan be thick or thin

Polish RecipesPolish Recipes

KashaKasha: any cooked grain dish. : any cooked grain dish.

prepared with various prepared with various

seasonings and vegetables.seasonings and vegetables.

Pickled HerringPickled Herring: :

Fish preserved in Fish preserved in brine.brine.

KielbasaKielbasa: Poland’s most famous type of : Poland’s most famous type of pork sausage.pork sausage.

Scandinavian CuisineScandinavian Cuisine Includes the countries of Denmark, Norway, Includes the countries of Denmark, Norway,

Sweden and Finland.Sweden and Finland. Plain and hearty cuisine.Plain and hearty cuisine. Land is surrounded by ocean. Rocky rugged or Land is surrounded by ocean. Rocky rugged or

swampy terrain. Very little land is farmable.swampy terrain. Very little land is farmable. Long cold winters and mild summers lead to a Long cold winters and mild summers lead to a

short growing season.short growing season. Fishing is the most important export.Fishing is the most important export. Geographical seclusion has prevented influence Geographical seclusion has prevented influence

from other European countries on culture and from other European countries on culture and cuisine.cuisine.

Desserts include cookies, puddings and cakes.Desserts include cookies, puddings and cakes.

Common Ingredients in Common Ingredients in Scandinavian CookingScandinavian Cooking

Grains: Wheat, rye and rice.Grains: Wheat, rye and rice. Vegetables: potatoes, cabbage, Vegetables: potatoes, cabbage,

mushrooms, rutabaga, carrots, peas, and mushrooms, rutabaga, carrots, peas, and string beans.string beans.

Fish: herring, cod, haddock, salmon and Fish: herring, cod, haddock, salmon and crayfish, and other shellfish.crayfish, and other shellfish.

Meats: pork, beef, chicken and reindeer.Meats: pork, beef, chicken and reindeer. Dairy: milk is used from cattle, sheep and Dairy: milk is used from cattle, sheep and

goat to make various cheeses. Butter and goat to make various cheeses. Butter and cream used.cream used.

Fruits: several native berries include Fruits: several native berries include strawberries, raspberries, lingonberries, strawberries, raspberries, lingonberries, cloudberries and Finnish cranberries. cloudberries and Finnish cranberries.

Scandinavian RecipesScandinavian Recipes

SmSmØØrrebrrrebrØØdd: open face sandwich : open face sandwich consisting of buttered bread topped with consisting of buttered bread topped with available meat, fish, cheese & vegetables.available meat, fish, cheese & vegetables.

LutefiskLutefisk: dried cod.: dried cod.

Scandinavian RecipesScandinavian Recipes

KrumkakerKrumkaker: thin sugar : thin sugar

cookies baked on a special cookies baked on a special

iron and rolled into tubes iron and rolled into tubes

or cones.or cones.

Rice PuddingRice Pudding: dessert : dessert

made of rice, milk,sugar made of rice, milk,sugar

and eggs. Seasoned and eggs. Seasoned

with cinnamon.with cinnamon.