focus plus context screens patrick baudisch. hardware –at least one hi-res display –at least one...
TRANSCRIPT
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Focus plus context screens
Patrick Baudisch
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• Hardware– At least one hi-res display– At least one larger low-res display
• Software– scaling of the display content is preserved– resolution varies
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• <Show video segment>
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Focus plus context screens• What it is
• How it works– How to build one– Application scenarios (video)– The software
• Evaluation– What we learned from practitioners (field study)– How much faster, how much more accurate
(lab experiment)
• Conclusions
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How to build it?
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Setup
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Seamless integration of displays
a b
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Context
No reflections on focus screen
Focus
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Application scenarios
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• <Show video here>
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How does it work?
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The scaling software
• Display image on two display units of different resolution– Similar to two-headed display– but display units are overlapping– and one of them has to be scaled down
• (Related work “Flux capacitor”[Dr. Emmett Brown, 1985])
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Linux/VNC
app
focus
contextinput
server
clip
scale
viewer
viewer
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Image viewer
context
Photoshop
scale
ACDsee
ACDsee
.gif
.gif
mousefork
input
focus
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Evaluation
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Field study• Who are the potential users?• Do they lack display space?• What do they currently use?• What tasks should we simulate?
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Field study
Subject’s task Document/view
Sta
tic do
cum
en
ts
Web designer Page: 800 pixel
Mechanical engineer Polybot segment: 5cm
Graphic designer Poster: 1m
Architect in remodeling Building: 50m
Photogrammetry (2) Highway 2 miles
Geographic info. system County: 80km
Chip designers (2) Wafer: 12cm
Dyn
am
ic
Air traffic ctrl. tool builder Zone: 50km
Ego shooter gamer Surrounding: 360º
Submarine ROV op. Surrounding: 360º
Strategy gamers (2) Map: 30k pixel
Smallest object
Text: 10 pixel
Pin: 1mm
Text: 1cm
Wall: 10cm
Curb: 6 inches
Trees: 5m
Conductive path: 3m
Airplane: 50m
Distant opponent: 1º
Small fish: 1cm/0.5º
Missile: 3 pixel
Smallest detail Ratio
Table detail: 1 pixel 800
Clearance: 0.03mm 2,000
Align: 0.5mm 2,000
Accuracy: 1cm 5,000
Accuracy: 1 inch 100,000
Land boundaries: 0.5m 160,000
Grid: 0.5m 240,000
Plane distance in 25m steps 2,000
Aiming: 0.1º 3,000
Use arms: 1mm/0.05º 8,000
Aiming: 1 pixel 30,000
?
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focus plus context screen VisualizationSame # of pixels
fisheye
55
overview plus detail
44
Display technology
homogeneous resolution
44wall-size, hi-res display
44
What participants
used
What participants
used
Available to½ of participants
Available to½ of participants
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Lab experiment• how much faster?• how much more accurate?• how much more satisfying?
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Experiment 1:“static documents”
• 3 interfaces:– focus plus context screen– overview + detail– homogeneous
• 2 tasks• 12 subjects from Xerox PARC• Within subjects, counter-balanced• Same number of pixels
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Task 1: Closest hotel
8 maps per interface
F+C screen and O+D use same magnification factor
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Task 2: Verify connections
Verify a different set of 24 connections on the board
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Results
Map task Board task
z+p (N=12) 453.3 (236.6) 568.3 (187.1)
f+c (N=12) 325.0 (176.4) 378.8 (71.2)
o+d (N=12) 414.0 (199.9) 593.5 (232.0)
Average task completion times in seconds (standard dev.)
21% faster21% faster 36% faster36% faster
manually zooming
takes time
manually zooming
takes time
visually switching between
views is ok
visually switching between
views is ok
but reorientation takes time
but reorientation takes time
visually more ambiguous
visually more ambiguous
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Experiment 2:Driving simulation
120 sec sequence100 fields of nails; 30 rocks; tradeoff
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Results
o+d f+c
Run-over nails 20.9 (10.3) 9.5 (4.1)
Rocks hit 6.6 (3.1) 1.9 (1.9)
Mean number of collisions subjects caused in the car task (and standard deviation).
Error rate only 1/3 of two-
monitor setup
Error rate only 1/3 of two-
monitor setup
Subjects preferred thef+c interface
Subjects preferred thef+c interface
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What we learned
• We thought: Chip designers need it
• We learned: Real strength is dynamic content– Have unexpected context information– Two monitoring tasks at the same time
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If I had to commercialize today…
• Build all-analog immersive video link– Immersive telepresence,– Remote operated vehicles, drones– Immersive VR– Remote medicine
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Publications on f+c screens
[Baudisch, Good, & Stewart, 2001, UIST]
[Baudisch, Good, Bellotti, & Schraedley, 2002, CHI]
[Baudisch & Good, 2002, CHI extended abstracts]
[Baudisch & Good, 2002, CHI video proceedings]
[Baudisch & Good, 2002, SIGGRAPH Emerging Tech.]
[Bhattacharjee, March 14, 2002, New York Times]
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Future work: ContextWall
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Thanks to:
• Michael Brueckner & Nathaniel Good• Paul Stewart, Victoria Bellotti, Pam Schraedley
• Mark Stefik, Dale McDonald, Rich Gold, RED
• Sacramento Department of Transportation, Monterey Bay Aquarium, NASA
• Our subjects
• Many people at PARC
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ENDhttp://www.PatrickBaudisch.com
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Extra slides
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3D3D
Research in user interfaces
personalizationpersonalization
screen spacescreen space
dynamic information filtering (Ph.D. thesis) paintable interfaces…………………………………… TV program recommender system TV Scout………. user-configurable advertising banners
drag-and-pop…………………………………………. focus plus context screens………………………….. peripheral awareness on handhelds automatic text reduction
3D alignment tool ‘the CAGE’……………………….. virtual TV studio and virtual actors “four pointer” antialiasing method (Masters)
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3D3D
Research in user interfaces
personalizationpersonalization
screen spacescreen space
dynamic information filtering (Ph.D. thesis) paintable interfaces…………………………………… TV program recommender system TV Scout………. user-configurable advertising banners
drag-and-pop…………………………………………. focus plus context screens……………………….. peripheral awareness on handhelds automatic text reduction
3D alignment tool ‘the CAGE’……………………….. virtual TV studio and virtual actors “four pointer” antialiasing method (Masters)
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Further reading on f+c screens
[1] P. Baudisch, N. Good, and P. Stewart. Focus Plus Context Screens: Combining Display Technology with Visualization Techniques. In Proceedings of UIST ‘01, Orlando, FL, November 2001, pp.31-40.
[2] P. Baudisch, N. Good, V. Bellotti, and P. Schraedley. Keeping Things in Context: A Comparative Evaluation of Focus Plus Context Screens, Overviews, and Zooming. To appear in Proceedings of CHI 2002, Minneapolis, MN, April 2002.
[3] P. Baudisch and N. Good. Focus Plus Context Screens: Displays for Users Working with Large Visual Documents. In CHI 2002 Extended Abstracts (Demo paper), Minneapolis, MN, April 2002.
[4] P. Baudisch. Focus Plus Context Screens. In CHI 2002 Video Summaries, Minneapolis, MN, April 2002.
[5] P. Baudisch and N. Good. Focus Plus Context Screens: Visual Context and Immersion on the Desktop. To appear at SIGGRAPH 2002 (Demo paper), San Antonio, TX, July 2002.
[6] Y. Bhattacharjee. In a Seamless Image, the Great and Small. In The New York Times, Thursday, March 14, 2002.
[7] Baudisch, Good, & Stewart, 2001, 4 patents pending