Focus on Writing

A A paragraphparagraph is two or more sentences about one is two or more sentences about one main idea.main idea.

The The topic sentence topic sentence is the main idea of the is the main idea of the paragraph and usually appears in the first paragraph and usually appears in the first sentence.sentence.

Supporting details Supporting details are the following sentences in are the following sentences in the paragraph that discuss the main idea.the paragraph that discuss the main idea.

The concluding sentence The concluding sentence is the last sentence of is the last sentence of the paragraph that repeats the main idea of the the paragraph that repeats the main idea of the paragraph.paragraph.

To To indentindent a paragraph is to leave five spaces in a paragraph is to leave five spaces in the first sentence of the paragraph the first sentence of the paragraph

__________________ ______________________

[2] The Topic Sentences[2] The Topic Sentences

1- (c) There are a couple of ways to stay in touch 1- (c) There are a couple of ways to stay in touch with nature while living in the city.with nature while living in the city.

2- (c) Wendell Berry is an American writer and 2- (c) Wendell Berry is an American writer and farmer.farmer.

[3] Supporting Details[3] Supporting Details

1.1.1-1-aa 2-2-cc 3-3-ee

2.2.1-1-ee 2-2-cc 3-3-dd

Grammar

It is used for actions completed in the past at a definite time:

For a past action when the time is given

Ex: Last summer, I workedworked on a farm. I wentwent to the city yesterday. When the action clearly took

place at a definite time even though this time is not mentioned

Ex: I boughtbought this car in Montreal

It is used for an action whose time It is used for an action whose time occupied a period of time now occupied a period of time now terminatedterminated

Ex: I Ex: I workedworked in that bank for four in that bank for four yearsyears

Yesterday

Last Night

Last Week

Last Year

A month ago. . .

Two years ago. . .

For regular verbs, add –ed to the simple form of the verb.

For irregular verbs, change the verb.

For negatives, use did not or didn’t with the simple form of the verb.

For questions, use did before the simple

I visited New Orleans last year

I went to the movies yesterday

She didn’t come toClass

Did he call you lastnight?

Affirmative: I talked to her last night

Question: When did you talk to her?

Negative: I didn’t talk to her

VERB ENDING

CONSONANTS + e

Change

CONSONANTS + yStudy

VOWEL + y Play

ED FORM ADD –dChanged

DROP –y, ADD –ied

Studied

ADD –ed onlyPlayed

VERB ENDING ONE VOWEL + ONECONSONANT Stop

TWO VOWELS + ONE CONSONANTS

Clean

TWO CONSONANTS

Return

ED FORM DOUBLE THE

CONSONANT AND ADD –ed e.g. Stopped

ADD –ed onlye.g. Cleaned

ADD –ed onlye.g Returned

Answers:1. got2.was3.showed4.got5.ate6.went7.brushed8.played

Answers:

9. woke up10.Planted11. carried 12. was13. was14. Talked