fmc and unified communications with wi-fi

CONFIDENTIAL © Copyright 2007. Aruba Networks, Inc. All rights reserved

FMC and Unified Communications with Wi-Fi

Venkat KalkunteThenu KittappaPeter ThornycroftOctober 2008


Two development paths for VoFi

21Dual-mode Dual-mode

FMCFMC

Phones work on the cellular and Wi-Fi networks

Great interest from all types of Enterprise and some consumer

customer segments

Single-mode Single-mode VoFiVoFi

Phones only work as Wi-Fi PBX extensions

Accepted technology in Healthcare, Retail, Manufacturing,

Education


Dual-mode market update June 2008

ABI Research, May 2008

-- The move to FMC infrastructure is a natural evolution for the mobile network as broadband services, including Voice over IP and other Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) services, begin to be deployed. Both Unlicensed Mobile Access (UMA) and SIP infrastructures are being deployed and dual use Wi-Fi and cellular devices will be joined by femtocells in 2008. Operators are fully aware of the increasing threat from mobile VoIP services and FMC will allow them to offer similar services and tariff packages.

Infonetics, April 2008

-- The worldwide dual mode cellular/WiFi phone market hit $26.8B in 2007 and is forecast to nearly triple by 2011.

-- Nokia is the worldwide dual mode cellular/WiFi phone market share leader by far, followed by HTC and Sony Ericsson.

-- The number of worldwide seamless FMC subscribers is forecast to grow to 63.7 million in 2011, made up mostly of UMA (unlicensed mobile access) subscribers, although IMS subscribers increase significantly as well.

Gartner, June 2008-- Ultimately, remote and office-centric working models will converge, driving a greater interest in implementing fixed-mobile convergence (FMC) solutions.

-- The focus of communications is moving beyond basic connectivity and into applications. Complexity will be hidden from users, who have little interest in the underpinnings of the technology, as long as it works.


User expectations of smartphones

SecurityEncrypted over the air

Remote wipe capability

Emergency callsFull capability wherever a

call is made

Contacts & directoryContact sync

Corporate directory lookup

Presence & IMAs with a PC

Email & CalendarCorporate push email

Calendar sync

Battery life1-day or 7-day

between charges

PBX Features4-digit dialling in/out

Conference, transfer, etc

VoicemailCorporate voicemail MWI

One-touch retrieval

Security Scalability & Reliability

Voice Quality

Manageable devices

IT department expectations of smartphones

Manageable bills

End users and IT have significant expectations of feature sets and functionality.


Why is e-FMC so difficult?

Exploding handset development problem:Yr 1: 2 OS x 3 phones per OS = 6

Yr 2: 4 OS x 3 new phones per OS + 6 legacy = 18Yr 3: 4 OS x 3 new phones per OS + 18 legacy = 30

All handsets need development, bugfix & QA

Exploding UC ecosystem problem4 major PBX vendors

8 minor/regional PBX vendors3 IM networks

3+ unified messaging servers

Each server needs a client & integration work

Wi-Fi performance problemBattery life

AP-AP handover latencyWi-Fi/cellular handover decision

Standards vs CCXEach OS (& underlying chip) different

Device & WLAN-dependent

The three significant tarpits of e-FMC


Separate apps from plumbing

IP-PBXs

• Unified transport on the LAN

• Unified transport on the WAN & Internet

• VoIP

LAN

WAN

Fixed-Mobile Convergence (1)

• Integrating the cellphone with IP-PBX

• Single-number-like behaviour

Mobile

Unified Communications

• Diverse platforms to access information & communicate

• Multiple media and Multimedia options

Fixed-Mobile Convergence (2)

• Using the WLAN with cellphones

Call features, trunking & UC apps

WLAN & call completion

Solve Wi-Fi (and a few SIP) issues and present clean interface for UC servers & clients.


Carrier-centric

LAN edge

LAN core

Internet

Cellular Core

Cellular Base Station

SIP PBXor softswitch

FMC Gateway

MobilityController

ThinAPs

Enterprise-centric

LAN edge

LAN core

Internet

Cellular Core



Voice Telephony Gateway

MobilityController

ThinAPs

Enterprise FMC Architectures

•Wi-Fi side of the phone is homed to the PBX•PBX forwards calls to cellular number when phone

is out of Wi-Fi coverage•Sometimes used with cellular data channel for

presence & signaling when in cellular coverage•User experience is like a PBX extension whether

inside or outside Wi-Fi coverage

•Wi-Fi side of the phone is homed to the hosted FMC Gateway

•Cellular operator (SP) ‘owns’ the phone number

and behavior•User experience is like a cell phone whether in

or out of Wi-Fi coverage


Converged handset solution

Cellphone

Wi-Fiphone

PBX408-754-1234

Cellular650-333-6980

Incoming cellular calls ring the phoneIncoming PBX calls forward to voicemail

Outgoing calls via cellularEmail, web available if on cellular data plan

Cellphone

Wi-Fiphone

PBX408-754-1234

Cellular650-333-6980

Incoming cellular calls ring the phoneIncoming PBX calls on Wi-Fi ring the phone

Outgoing calls via Wi-FiEmail, web available via Wi-Fi

Out of doors Indoors with Wi-Fi

At workAt homevoice

mail


Nokia handover latency 2006 - 2008

BlackBerry 88202008

Nokia E602006

2

24 hr 8

hr

95 hr

Talk / Standby time on Wi-Fi 2006 - 2008

WMM & earlier functionality

Other 802.11 functionality

Vendor architecture

QoSJitter

Latency

Errors/drops

Wired LAN / WLAN

CAC

HandoverInfluence decision

Fast handover

Secure handover

Battery lifeOn call

Standby

Implementing Wi-Fi standards

Wi-Fi handover performance of dual-mode handsets

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

E60 E61i E65 E51 E66 E71

mse

c

0

200

400

600

800

1000

1200

1400

1600

mse

c

OKC (left scale) PMKc (left scale) Full reauth (right scale)

2008 Scorecard: Wi-Fi Standards for voice

50 msec threshold for voice quality impairment

WMM-PS

WMM-SA

802.11i OKC

802.11k

VFC, etc

VFCTSpec

Centralized control

Central encryption

Phone

Phone, codec, etcRate adapt

Phone

802.11-PS Proxy ARP Phone


Enterprise Wi-Fi

Two challenges of enterprise-centric FMC

Single Number Reach

Single Number Presentation

Calls Employee’s Enterprise Number

Aruba MVCIP-PBX

Employee’s dual-mode phone rings

Sees Caller ID as Caller’s enterprise

Number

Employee dials the caller from his dual-mode phone

ORORWi-Fi Cellular


SIP and Wi-Fi are key technologies

Dell’Oro Enterprise Telephony report

“If they understand SIP…

we can communicate”

All IP-PBXs have SIP line interface

Installed base is catching up

Back to Back User AgentEmulate SIP station to PBX, SIP server to client

Pass through proprietary SIP features: add value with dial-string mods

Full Wi-Fi SIP monitoring

Handsets IP-PBX Mobile WAN

Putting It Together: Enterprise-owned e-FMC

Mobile LAN

Mobile LAN is the missing linkEdge-aware handover

SIP ALG

Monitoring

management & stats

SIP is the lingua Franca of IP-PBXs


Handover mechanics in MVC

LAN core

SIP PBX

Telephony Gateway

PSTN Network

Destination

Enterprise Wi-Fi coverage

MobilityController

Access Point

Cellular Network


Destination


Cellular Network

Destination


SIP PBX

LAN edge

Initial Wi-Fi call Handover preparation Handover completed


Specific enterprise FMC features

Multiple Edges

Bldg 1

Bldg 2

Bldg 3

WLAN edge detectionAccurate handover decisions

LAN edge

LAN core

Internet

Cellular Core



Voice Telephony Gateway

MobilityController

ThinAPs

PBX-independent handoverHigh-speed handover execution

From an existing network platform

Internet

VPN concentrator

LAN

Secure remote access for dataWi-Fi hotspot or cellular data service

User Interface, apps &

Unified Communications

Client

WLAN Baseband

WLAN Driver

Cellular Stack

WLANSUP

Cellular Baseband

TAPI CC

IPAruba Thin Client

FMC handoff

& Edge

Prediction

VPN


FMC in conjunction with an IP-PBX

IP-PBX

Mobility controller

UC services

Mobility Domain Interface

Mobility with UC featuresMVC system handles call completion and handover only

No feature or UI interaction

Accurate edge detection & handoversThe most difficult problem in e-FMC

Requires intimate knowledge of the WLAN environment

Internet

VPN server

Firewall

Secure access over public hotspotsAn impossible task for custom-built thick client software

PublicHotspot


UMA for enterprise FMC

Carrier-based3GPP standard with universal client

IP-based Wi-Fi accessIPSec tunnel

UNC Cellular CoreNetwork (AuC,

HLR, MSC, SMSC, etc

SecurityGateway

BTSBSC

Internet

LAN


Inside or outside the firewall access

Firewall& NAT T-Mobile

Gateway

Corporate SSID

Internet

Wi-Fiaccess point

Inside the firewall access for a UMA handset

RADIUSauthentication

LAN

Full authentication, followed by full LAN access

Firewall& NAT T-Mobile

Gateway

Internet

Outside the firewall (‘guest’) access for a UMA handset

‘guest’ SSID

No authentication, nor access to the LAN

Corporate SSID

Wi-Fiaccess point

MobilityController

LAN


On-site Mobility Controller architecture for UMA

Corporate Firewall

InternetCellular

Cellular

Wi-FiAccess point

SecurityGateway& UNC

Cellular Core(HLR, AuC,

MSC etc)

Cellular

CellularMobility Controller

LAN

Wi-FiAccess point

Cellular service

Cellular –Wi-Fi

handover

Wi-Fi – cellular

handover

Cellular service

Wi-Fi service with AP-AP handover

HotSpot@Home network architecture and roaming


Handover – actual conditions in an enterprise WLAN

0

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

0 20 40 60 80 100

1d:41

d5:c1

e9:21

cb:41

cb:61

cc:21

e8:c1

02:c1

03:c1

ff:a1

5b:c1

dc:21

49:21

6b:61

76:81

79:01

79:a1

79:c1

7a:61

Time (sec)

SNR (dB)


FMC and Unified Communications with Wi-Fi

Venkat KalkunteThenu KittappaPeter ThornycroftOctober 2008

fmc and unified communications with wi-fi

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