fm 7-8, pg 2-3 troop leading procedures 1. receive mission 2. issue warning order 3. make a...

FM 7-8, pg 2-3

Troop Leading Procedures

1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Recon 6. Complete Plan 7. Issue OPORD

8. Supervise

The receive-the-mission step is intended to get the planning and preparation process underway by enabling him to prepare and issue a Warning Order as quickly as possible.

FM 7-8, pg 2-4

Begins with receipt of initial WARNORD or OPORD Platoon Leader determines probable mission

Platoon Leader conducts initial time analysis

Receive the Mission

FM 7-8, pg 2-3


1. Receive Mission

2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Recon 6. Complete Plan 7. Issue OPORD

8. Supervise

This enables the squads and other subordinate units to begin the parallel planning process

FM 7-8, pg 2-4

Issue Warning Order

Usually given orally.

Follows the 5 paragraph OPORD format

Includes: Unit’s probable mission PLs initial time planning timeline Any additional information available Initial instructions

FM 7-8, pg 2-3


1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order

3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Recon 6. Complete Plan 7. Issue OPORD

8. Supervise

Army’s decision making process for tactical situations at Company Level. FM 71-1, FM 7-8 Continuous process

Make a Tentative Plan(Tools of the Platoon Leader)

FM 7-8, pg 2-8

“If the PL (due to time constrains), is unable to develop more than one COA, step 4 does not apply”

FM 7-8, pg 2-8

Make a Tentative Plan

1. Mission Analysis 2. Course of Action Development 3. Analysis of Course of Action 4. Course of Action Comparison

5. Course of Action Selection

MTETT(METT-T)

M ISSION ANALYSIS

T ERRAIN AND WEATHER

E NEMY SITUATION

T ROOPS AVAILABLE

T IME AVAILABLE

Guides the platoon leader through the decision making process

FM 7-8, pg 2-8

Step 1: Mission Analysis(Analysis of the Mission)

Identify Purpose Specified & Implied Tasks Limitations Identify Mission Essential Task Commanders Mission, Concept& Intent 1 & 2 LEVELS UP

Results in the Restated Mission

Mission Analysis(METT-T)

M ISSION ANALYSIS

T ERRAIN AND WEATHER

E NEMY SITUATION

T ROOPS AVAILABLE

T IME AVAILABLE

Guides the platoon leader through the decision making process

Terrain Analysis(Military Aspects of Terrain)

O bstacles A venues of Approach K ey Terrain O bservation and Fields of Fire C over and Concealment

FM 34-130, pg 2-10

What is an obstacle? Any natural or manmade obstruction that canalizes, delays, restricts or diverts movement

How are obstacles classified? Existing and reinforcing

Terrain Analysis(Obstacles)

FM 34-130, pg 2-14

Unrestricted: Indicates terrain free of constraints to movement. Nothing needs to be done to enhance mobility

Restricted: Hinders movement to some degree Little effort is needed to enhance movement but units cannot move to preferred speeds or combat formations

Severely Restricted: Hinders or slows movement in combat formations unless some effort is made to enhance mobility

(GREEN)

Obstacles cont’d(Terrain Classification)

(GREEN)

FM 34-130, pg 2-15

An air or ground route of an attacking force of a given size leading to its objective or to key terrain in its path.

Mobility Corridor - Areas where a force will be canalized due to terrain restrictions. They allow military forces to capitalize on the principles of mass and speed.

Terrain Analysis(Avenues of Approach)

FM 34-130, pg 2-18

Any locality or area the seizure, retention, or control of affords a marked advantage to either combatant.

Examples: Terrain with good observation over AAs Terrain providing cover of an obstacle Road junctions or communication centers used for sustainment

Terrain Analysis(Key Terrain)

FM 34-130, pg 2-17

Observation is the ability to see the threat either visually or through use of surveillance devices.

Fields of Fire are areas that a weapon or group of weapons may effectively cover with fire from a given position.

Terrain Analysis(Observation and Fields of Fire)

FM 34-130, pg 2-10

Cover is protection from the effects of direct and indirect fires.

Concealment is protection from observation.

Terrain Analysis(Cover and Concealment)

FM 34-130, pg 2-11

Terrain Analysis

Additional Considerations: Vegetation Surface Soil Drainage Slope Transportation (LOC) Canopy

FM 34-130, pg 2-16


1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan

4. Initiate Movement5. Conduct Recon 6. Complete Plan 7. Issue OPORD

8. Supervise

Initiate Movement

May occur at any point in the Troop Leading Process Examples:

Move main body to Area of Operations Send out recon teams Begin gathering necessary equipment Begin rehearsing drills you anticipate using

FM 71-1, pg 2-30


1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement

5. Conduct Recon6. Complete Plan 7. Issue OPORD

8. Supervise

Leader’s Reconnaissance

Plan and conduct leader’s recon for every mission. If recon reveals a change in the situation, the plan must be adjusted accordingly.Recon must avoid detection while trying to confirm or deny the leader’s assumptions.May be conducted at Company, Platoon or Squad level.

FM 7-8, pg 2-9


The smaller the element, the better the chances are of avoiding detection At a minimum, take a leader from each squad or key element LDR must specify what information is needed to confirm the plan Two types

Long Range-Outside small arms fire Short Range-Inside small arms fire

FM 7-8, pg 2-9


Leader must determine: His information requirements Priorities of requirements Assets available Security requirements Time available Most critical information needed

Leader provides specific guidance on:

Tasking of troops and equip. Time schedule Special equipment required Likely contingency plans Fire support Withdrawal from the OBJ Linkup plan

FM 71-1, pg 2-32


1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Recon

6. Complete Plan7. Issue OPORD

8. Supervise

Complete the Plan

The Tools of the Platoon Leader and COA become the OPORD

IPB results = Para. 1a. Mission analysis = Para. 2, 1b., Para. 3b., c., & d., and Para 5 COA with analysis = Para 3, 4, 5

Complete a second, more detailed, wargame resulting in the subparagraphs of Para 3, as well as 4 and 5

What is IPB ?

Systematic, continuous process of analyzing the threat and the environment in a specific area.

Determines the threat’s likely COA

Describes the environment your unit is operating in.

Helps the Platoon Leader selectively apply and maximize his combat power at critical points in time and space.

FM 101-5, pg 5-6


1. Receive Mission 2. Issue Warning Order 3. Make a Tentative Plan 4. Initiate Movement 5. Conduct Recon 6. Complete Plan

7. Issue OPORD8. Supervise

Issue the Order

Can be issued either orally or written Issue while observing the combat area if possible Possible aids that can be utilized

Terrain models Map boards Sketches

FM 7-8, pg 2-9

OPORD Characteristics

Good Combat Orders . . . Have Clarity Are Complete and Brief Are Timely Allow Initiative by recognizing subordinates freedom of action within the commander’s intent Use affirmative form and are authoritative Avoid Qualified Directives

FM 71-1, pg 2-36

Supplements to OPORDs

Should amplify or clarify the OPORD Overlays -- Friendly and Enemy

Fire Support, R&S, Ops, Movement Intel, Event

Concept Sketch Terrain Model Execution Matrix Fire Support Matrix Annexes, etc.

FM 7-10, pg G4



8. Supervise

Supervision

Rehearsals: As Time, Resources, and Enemy Situation allows rehearse the following:

Actions on the Objective Battle Drills for Fire and Movement Actions on Enemy Contact Special Teams Movement Techniques

FM 71-1, pg 2-38

Supervision

Inspect: Weapons and Ammunition Uniforms and Equipment Mission Essential Equipment Communications Equipment Rations and Water Camouflage

FM 71-1, pg 2-38


8. Supervise


The order of these steps doesn’t change

Steps 4-7 are interchangeable.

Step 8 occurs throughout the process.

The Process


1. Receive and Analyze the Mission

2. Issue a Warning Order

3. Make a Tentative Plan

4. Initiate Movement

5. Conduct Recon

6. Complete the Plan

7. Issue the Order

8. Supervise & Refine

Military Decision Making Process

Mission Analysis (METT-T)• Mission • Enemy • Terrain (and Weather) • Troops • Time Available

Development of COA

Analysis of COA

COA Comparison

Selection of COA

Refinement of plan, Integration of CS, CSS, and development of branch plan

Battlefield Visualization

“See the Terrain”

“See the Enemy”

“See Yourself”

FM 71-1 pg 2-10

fm 7-8, pg 2-3 troop leading procedures 1. receive mission 2. issue warning order 3. make a...

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