fly wheel essay question… write your answer in paragraph format (15 points)! what lessons on...

Fly Wheel Essay Question…Write your answer in paragraph format (15 points)!

What lessons on character did Jay (main character) learn during the movie (list at least 3 & explain

why)? How can you apply these positive character traits to your own life?

UNIT 3: THE NEW DEAL & GREAT

DEPRESSION

Unit 3 Vocabulary (Ch 22 & 23)

WRITE IN NOTES FOLDER!

1. Stock market

2. Bull market

3. Margin

4. Margin call

5. Speculation

6. Installment

7. Bailiff

8. Shantytown

9. “Hooverville”

10. hobo

11. Dust Bowl

12. Soap opera

13. Public works

14. Relief

15. Foreclose

16. Black Tuesday

17. Hawley-Smoot Tariff

18. Bonus Army

19. Gold standard

20. Fireside chats

21. Deficit spending

22. Binding arbitration

23. Sit-down strike

24. Social Security Act

25. Broker state

26. Safety net

27. New Deal

28. Polio

29. Hundred Days

Unit 3-Vocabulary Pop QuizDirections: Write the correct TERM to complete each sentence.

1. A protest where workers refused to leave the factory

2. Safeguards and relief programs that protected Americans against economic disasters

3. Monthly payment made on a high-cost item

4. Money that went directly to people in poverty

5. Radio talks with President Roosevelt with the American people

6. A time between March 9 and June 16, 1933-Congress passed 15 laws

7. A court official

8. Name given to shantytowns

9. Daytime radio shows that were sponsored by the makers of laundry soaps

10. An unemployed individual who wandered around the country

11. System for buying and selling shares of companies

12. WWI veterans who marched on Washington to demand payments

13. A paralyzing disease

14. An ounce of gold equals a set amount of dollars

15. Borrowing money to pay for programs

THE CAUSES OF THE GREAT

DEPRESSION (22-1)

Today you will learn about the Stock Market in the 1920s, and about causes of the Great Depression.

WARM-UP Question:

How important is the Stock Market to the US economy today?

How do Americans participate in the stock market?

Causes of the Great Depression:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Stock Market Crashes!

The Election of 1928Alfred E. Smith: Opposed Prohibition 1st Catholic candidate Democrat Americans feared

Pope would rule US Lost election b/c of this

Herbert Hoover: Supported prohibition A Quaker Republican Given credit for

prosperity of

1920s

The Long Bull Market

1. Stock market—continued to increase; started as a system for buying and selling shares of companies

2. Bull market—a long period of rising stock prices; many Americans began investing heavily in stocks

3. Margin—investors make a small down payment on the stock, and the stock broker pays for the rest of the loan

4. margin call—when the stockbroker demanded FULL repayment of the loan; investors sold stock quickly and for a lesser value

5. Speculation—buyers wanted to make a quick buck, so they sold their stocks quickly instead on investing in the growth of company

What brought the “Roaring 20’s” to an end?

Great Depression – The Great Depression was a

massive global economic recession (or "depression") that ran from 1929 to 1941.

It led to massive bank failures, high unemployment, as well as dramatic drops in industrial production, stock market share prices and virtually every other measure of economic growth.

America's "Great Depression" began with the dramatic crash of the stock market on "Black Tuesday", October 24, 1929 when 16 million shares of stock were quickly sold by panicking investors who had lost faith in the American economy.

Causes of the Great Depression:1. Buying on margin & margin call – spending money you don’t

have never works out well

2. Speculation - buyers wanted to make a quick dollar off company, but it back-fired on them

3. Overproduction of manufactured goods buying on credit: vacuum cleaners, toasters, refrigerators, etc.).

Big problem: Installment plans - dn. payment with monthly installments

4. Americans weren’t selling goods to foreign countries Hawley-Smoot Tariff – increased import tax on foreign goods; problem:

it also greatly decreased sale of US goods to foreign countries (made depression worse)

5. The Federal Reserve lowered interest rates (encouraged banks to make risky loans)

6. Increased unemployment—companies cut their cost and laid off workers

Scenes of the Great Depression:

Unit 3-Notes Quiz #1Directions: Write the letter ONLY of the correct sentence!

1. A system for buying and selling shares of companies2. A long period of rising stock prices; many Americans

began investing heavily in stocks 3. When the stockbroker demanded FULL repayment of

the loan; investors sold stock quickly and for a lesser value

4. Buyers wanted to make a quick buck, so they sold their stocks quickly instead on investing in the growth of company

5. Overproduction of ___________ & buying on credit: vacuum cleaners, toasters, refrigerators, etc.).

6. Hawley-Smoot __________ – increased import tax on foreign goods

7. Who encouraged banks to make risky loans?8. He lost the Election of 1928 for being Catholic.9. Companies cut their cost and laid off workers, which

increased ________. 10. The _______ was a massive global economic

recession that ran from 1929 to 1941. 11. America's "Great Depression" began with the dramatic

crash of the stock market on “_________", October 24, 1929.

A. Stock market

B. Unemployment

C. Manufactured Goods

D. Black Tuesday

E. Herbert Hoover

F. Bull market

G. Margin

H. Margin call

I. SpeculationJ. Federal Reserve

K. Black Friday

L. Alfred E. Smith

M. Tariffs

N. Great Depression

LIFE DURING THE GREAT

DEPRESSION (22-2)

Today you will learn about how the Great Depression affected Americans.

Walt Disney

1. List the Walt Disney films discussed in the short movie?

2. Why do you think Walt Disney’s films are so successful, then and now?

Warm-up:

What images come to mind when you hear the words Great Depression?

Where do you think these images come from?

Art Reflects Depression:(Give a name and description of their art…)

Painting

1.

Writing

2.

3.

Photography

4.

The Great Depression Worsens

The Depression grew worse during President Hoover’s administrationThousands of banks &

companies failed and went out of business

Many were unemployed and hungry

Bread lines & soup kitchens served the poor

Hoovervilles Many people could not pay their

rent or mortgage and lost their homes

Baliffs-court officials who threw people out on the street

Shantytowns-unused public lands where people stayed

Hoovervilles-name given for shantytowns; they blamed Hoover

Hobos-homeless and unemployed people who wandered around the country

Dust Bowl Many farmers left their

crops in the 1920s when stock prices decreased

1932-Great Plains experienced a severe drought

Dust Bowl-winds blew the dry, unplanted soil across the GP blackening the sky for 100s of miles

Many people traveled to California for a new life, but remained homeless

Escaping the Depression

Many Americans needed entertainment to escape their problems

European actors like Greta Garbo & Marlene Dietrich became superstars

Walt Disney-produced 1st animated film

Soap operas-daytime radio dramas that appealed to wives (sponsored by laundry soap comp)

The Depression in Art Art and literature of the 1930s showed

what life was like in the Depression Grant Wood-painter who showed

traditional American values of the rural Midwest and South

John Steinbeck-novelist who wrote about the lives of people in the Depression (The Grapes of Wrath)

William Faulkner-writer who showed what his characters were thinking even before they spoke it (stream of consciousness)

Dorthea Lange – popular photographer (migrant mother)

Unit 3-Notes Quiz #2

NO

QUIZ

TODAY!(Exchange & Complete

student crossword puzzles)

Great Depression Essay QuestionDirections: Write an essay using the following topics in paragraph format! (25 POINTS!)

IMPORTANT:

“I think, I believe, In my opinion”

Paragraph 1: Black Tuesday Election of 1928 Causes of the Great

Depression Herbert Hoover’s

solutions

Paragraph 2: Walt Disney “Hoovervilles” Hobos Dust Bowl Angry

Americans/Protest

Bonus Army ProtestWhat did the bonus army want? Army wanted…How did Hoover/gov’t. respond? Hoover’s response…

HOOVER RESPONDS

(22-3)

Today you will learn how President Hoover tried to end the Depression.

Warm-up Question:

What issues have people or groups protested about in recent years?

What issues do you think are important enough to protest for?

Hoover Promotes Recovery The president was very worried about the

economy He held meetings with banks, businesses,

government officials, and labor Big businesses broke their promise to the

president to stop firing workers Public works-government-financed building

projects; Hoover tried to increase construction jobs

Made changes on the government tax plan None of these plans worked!

Protests in America

Pumping money into the economy: Government Programs Hoover used several strategies to pump money back

into the economy:1. National Credit Corporation (NCC)-(1931) a voluntary

lending organization (mostly NY bankers, but they did not contribute enough)

2. Reconstruction Finance Corporation (RFC)-government funded lending agency (since private lenders would not help)—banks, railroads, and farmers got most of the money. This was not enough either

3. Emergency Relief & Construction Act—Hoover wanted the federal government to participate in relief; this provided direct relief to states; this program was also too late to stop the GD.

Angry Americans Movements for change were occurring all around

America during the 1930s:Dec. 1932-crowds began to form rallies and “hunger

marches”Between 1930-1934 almost one million farmers lost their

farms and forced off their land—they protested, burned their crops (hoping to drive the prices up)

Bonus Army—fought for a bill that would pay $1000 WWI veterans bonus EARLY. Senate voted it down, many vets protested and settled around Washington.

Hoover ordered the police to remove the army and many vets were killed during the removal

Americans began to dislike Hoover and were upset with him

Unit 3-Notes Quiz #3

Unit 3 Vocabulary (Ch 22 & 23)

WRITE IN NOTES FOLDER!

1. Stock market

2. Bull market

3. Margin

4. Margin call

5. Speculation

6. Installment

7. Bailiff

8. Shantytown

9. “Hooverville”

10. hobo

11. Dust Bowl

12. Soap opera

13. Public works

14. Relief

15. Foreclose

16. Black Tuesday

17. Hawley-Smoot Tariff

18. Bonus Army

19. Gold standard

20. Fireside chats

21. Deficit spending


23. Sit-down strike

24. Social Security Act

25. Broker state

26. Safety net

27. New Deal

28. Polio

29. Hundred Days


IMPORTANT:




solutions


Americans/Protest

Patriotism

Strong loyalty or belief in one’s own country; to defend one’s country

PERSONAL EXAMPLE…

Obama vs. Romney

Video (w/ Notes): The New Deal

Column 1:

How did Roosevelt’s New Deal affect American life?

Column 2:

What major changes in America (protests, strikes, disagreements, etc.) did people experience during this era?

*Don’t just write a word, describe what it is!

Video: The New Deal

1. Hundred Days

2. FDR’s fireside chats

3. Wagner Act

4. SSA

5. New Deal Coalition

6. African-Americans

7. Women

8. Role of first lady

9. FDR vs. Supreme Court

10. Effects of the New Deal


IMPORTANT:




solutions


Americans/Protest

ROOSEVELT TAKES OFFICE (23-1)

Today you will learn about the characteristics of Franklin Roosevelt, and

how the banking situation of the 1930s worsened.

Aspects of Roosevelt’s Background

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

6.

Roosevelt’s Rise of Power 1932-many voters

were against President Hoover, who was the Republican candidate

Democratic candidate-Franklin Delano Roosevelt (governor from NY)

New Deal-Roosevelt’s programs for ending the Great Depression

FDR: Background Distant cousin of President Theodore Roosevelt Born into a wealthy NY family Educated at Harvard and Columbia University Roosevelt was a senator, asst. secretary of the navy,

vice presidential candidate Polio-a paralyzing disease, Roosevelt was struck with

it Became governor of NY 1931-Roosevelt helped pass legislation to help NY

workers…this made him popular 1932-Roosevelt nominated for president…he was seen

as very optimistic; elected November 1932

Roosevelt is Inaugurated Continued GD (Bank) problems:

Unemployment roseBank runs increased

people feared Roosevelt would get rid of the gold standard and lower the American $

Many Americans took their money out of the banks and trade it for gold before it lost value

March 1933-over 4000 banks collapsed Governors declared Bank holidays (38 states)—

closed banks before people could make a run on them out of business

ROOSEVELT TAKES OFFICE

(23-2 & 23-3)

Today you will learn about FDR’s Hundred Days programs and the Second New Deal.

Unit 3 Notes Quiz #31. What political party was Herbert Hoover apart

of?

2. What political party was FDR apart of?

3. FDR was a governor from what state?

4. Roosevelt’s programs for ending the Great Depression…

5. Distant cousin of President Theodore Roosevelt

6. A paralyzing disease

7. Roosevelt’s attitude was seen as _________.

8. President Hoover’s attitude was seen as a ___________.

9. The biggest problem FDR faced at the beginning of the Great Depression dealt with what industry?

10. People feared Roosevelt would get rid of the ________ and lower the American $.

A. Polio

B. Great Compromise

C. optimistic

D. Democrat

E. Republican

F. Washington DC

G. Automobile

H. realistic

I. Independent

J. The New Deal

K. Paralisystem

L. Banks

M. NY

N. Railroads

O. Gold standard

P. Eleanor Roosevelt

Q. Susan Roosevelt

ROOSEVELT TAKES OFFICE

(23-2 & 23-3)

Today you will learn about FDR’s Hundred Days programs and the Second New Deal.

New Deal Programs

Farms and Industry

4.

5.

Spending and Relief Programs

8.

9.

Banks and Stock Market

1.

2.

3.

Debt Relief

6.

7.

Hundred Days Once Roosevelt

came into office, he began sending bill after bill to Congress

Hundred Days—March 9 – June 16, 1933 when Congress passed 15 major laws to deal with the economy—the First New Deal

The Roosevelt Approach

Roosevelt was willing experiment and try several approaches to solve the economic problems

Advised by people from various backgrounds

Chose people who disagreed with each other so he could hear different points of view

Roosevelt always made the final decision!

Roosevelt's Advisors

3 groups:

1. Theodore Roosevelt’s ideas: government and business should work together to fix the economy

2. Big business haters: blamed big business for the depression, and wanted government to run things

3. President Wilson’s ideas: large trusts were to blame; wanted Roosevelt to break up all big companies

Fixing banks and the stock market Emergency Banking Relief Act: said that federal

officials would check the nation’s banks and give licenses to those that were financially sound

Fireside chat—first one took place March 12, 1933…talked to the people about the banking relief act

Securities Act—stockbrokers had to disclose full information to their clients

Glass-Steagall Act—seperated commercial banks from investment banks

Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC)—provided government insurance on bank deposits up to a certain amount

Managing Farms and Industry Roosevelt believed that farmers and businesses were

suffering because prices were too low and production was too high

Agricultural Investment Act (AAA)—the government would pay farmers not to grow certain crops and certain livestock

National Industrial Recovery Act (NIRA)—allowed business, labor, and government to cooperate in setting up voluntary rules for each industry—”codes of fair competition. Companies that signed up received more business than others that didn’t

National Recovery Administration (NRA)—not very successful—companies disliked price fixing, employers disliked unions, codes were difficult to enforce so many companies ignored them

Debt Relief Many people believed debt was standing in

the way of economic recovery Home Owner’s Loan Corporation (HOLC)—it

purchased the loans from homeowners who were behind in their payments and lowered their paymentsIt only help the employed1 in 5 employed people received assistance

Farm Credit Administration (FCA)—helped farmers refinance their mortgages and keep their land

Spending and relief programs Many advisors thought that not buying enough

cause the GD They urged FDR that the best way to get out

of debt was provide money for the people and spend, but people needed jobs to do this

Programs for the unemployed: Civilian Conservation Corps (CCC)—

employed young men 18-25 for the national forestry service; planted trees, built reservoirs & fought fires; men lived in camps; earned $30/month

Spending and relief programs Federal Emergency Relief Administration (FERA)—

provide money to local agencies to pay for their relief projects

Public Works Administration (PWA)—employed construction workers; set up a series of construction projects-improving highways, dams, sewer systems, and water works. It did insist contractors hire African-American workers-broke racial barriers

Civil Works Administration (CWA)—hired 4 million federal workers to build airports, roads, schools, and playgrounds; spent too much money so FDR shut is down after 5 months-4 million workers fired

23-3 Notes—HOMEWORK!!!1. Deficit spending

2. American Liberty League

3. Huey Long

4. Father Charles Coughlin

5. Dr. Francis Townsend

6. Second New Deal

7. Works Progress Administration (WPA)

8. Why did the Supreme Court strike down the NIRA?

9. National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)


11. Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO)

12. United Auto Workers (UAW)

13. Social Securities Act

23-3 Notes Deficit spending—many people opposed FDR’s policies

because he ended the balanced budget and began to borrow $ to pay for his government programs

New Deal Opponents: American Liberty League—an organization to oppose the

New Deal; formed by politicians and business leaders Huey Long—senator from Louisiana; one of FDR’s

biggest critics; he fought for the poor and opposed the rich; wanted to run for president

Father Charles Coughlin—Catholic priest from Detroit; called for huge taxes on the wealthy; est. an organization that supported Huey Long

Dr. Francis Townsend—proposed the federal government pay a pension to every citizen age 60+, $200/month

23-3 Notes Second New Deal—election strategy; solution to bring economic

recovery (which 1st New Deal did not solve) Works Progress Administration (WPA)—provided 8.5 million jobs to

build roads, public buildings, & parks. Gave jobs to artists and writers, and musicians (murals, sculptures, symphonies, etc.)

Why did the Supreme Court strike down the NIRA? Not constitutional

National Labor Relations Board (NLRB)—Wagner Act; guaranteed workers union rights and collective bargaining; used secret ballots for voting to protect workers

Binding arbitration—a neutral party would listen to both sides and decide on the issue

Committee for Industrial Organization (CIO)—organized industrial unions both skilled and unskilled

United Auto Workers (UAW)—one of the most powerful auto unions in America due to the CIO policies

23-3 Notes Social Securities Act—

provided security for the unemployed workers and elderly;

welfare payments to the needyPaid monthly retirement benefit (age 65+)Provided unemployment insurance while

searching for new workLeft out farm/domestic workers (65% of African-

Americans)Also helped people who were physically unable

to work

Unit 3 Notes Quiz #4 (OPEN NOTES)1. March 9 – June 16, 1933 when Congress passed 15 major laws to deal with the

economy

2. said that federal officials would check the nation’s banks and give licenses to those that were financially sound

3. separated commercial banks from investment banks

4. provided government insurance on bank deposits up to a certain amount

5. the government would pay farmers not to grow certain crops and certain livestock

6. allowed business, labor, and government to cooperate in setting up voluntary rules for each industry

7. provide money to local agencies to pay for their relief projects

8. employed construction workers; set up a series of construction projects-improving highways, dams, sewer systems, and water works.

9. hired 4 million federal workers to build airports, roads, schools, and playgrounds;

10. many people opposed FDR’s policies because he ended the balanced budget and began to borrow $ to pay for his government programs

11. an organization to oppose the New Deal; formed by politicians and business leaders

12. senator from Louisiana; one of FDR’s biggest critics; he fought for the poor and opposed the rich; wanted to run for president

13. proposed the federal government pay a pension to every citizen age 60+, $200/month

14. Wagner Act; guaranteed workers union rights and collective bargaining; used secret ballots for voting to protect workers

15. a neutral party would listen to both sides and decide on the issue

16. organized industrial unions both skilled and unskilled

17. one of the most powerful auto unions in America due to the CIO policies

18. provided security for the unemployed workers and elderly; welfare payments to the needy

A. Hundred Days

B. Firside Chat

C. Emergency Banking Relief Act

D. Glass-Steagall Act

E. UAW

F. FDIC

G. AAA

H. NIRA

I. FERA

J. PWA

K. CWA

L. Deficit spending

M. American Liberty League

N. Huey Long

O. Dr. Townsend

P. NLRB

Q. CIO

R. Binding arbitration

S. SSA

Obama vs. Romney

THE NEW DEAL COALITION

(23-4)

Today you will learn about how the New Deal affected Americans.

23-4 Notes List: Francis Perkins—first woman apppointed to a

presidential cabinet; FDR won the support of African-Am. and women; he also appt. women in fed jobs

Alfred Landon—Kansas governor (Rep.) for presidential election; he attacked the New Deal ideas (bad move), but because of the ND’s popularity FDR won by a landslide

Supreme Court vs. AAA—Supreme Court declared AAA unconstitutional (1936); FDR tried packing the SC but failed

“Court-packing”—if any justice served for 10 years and did not retire after age 70 then another SC justice would be added within 6 months

23-4 Notes List: New Deal Problems—court packing in the SC,

Some New Deal programs were unconstitutional, Democratic party split over SC issue, split Congress, too much deficit spending, increased unemployment

To spend, or not to spend… Henry Morgenthau—Secretary of Treasury who

wanted to balance the budget by cutting spending John Maynard Keys—his theory propose that in a

recession gov’t should increase spending and even go into debt to jump start the economy

23-4 Notes List: National Housing Act—plan to provide better housing for the

poor; the bill turned slums into low-cost homes Farm Security Administration—gave money to tenant farmers

so they wouldn’t lose their farms b/c of AAA Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938—more protection for

workers…abolished child labor & 40-hr work week Legacy of the New Deal

New Deal era ended in 1939 (Rep. won the Congress)Business leaders, farmers, workers, and consumers all looking to fed

fov’t for protectionSC help fed gov’t gain powerGovernment became a mediator Broker state—working out problems w/ different interestsSafety net—ND programs provided this for avg. Americans and

protected them from disaster

Unit 3 Review Activity!!!

Essay Questions (Ch. 23)ANSWER BOTH QUESTIONS(OPEN NOTES)1. Describe Franklin

Roosevelt’s personality and approach to the nation’s problems (Hint: attitude, chats, 100 days).

2. Describe the provisions of the National Labor Relations Act (NLRB) and the work of the board it created (Hint: arbitration, unions, factory voting).

Essay Answers Americans saw in Roosevelt an energy

and optimism that gave them hope despite the tough economic times. His serenity and confidence amazed many people, and his “fireside chats” helped reassure them. Also, many people believed that his struggle with polio had given him a better understanding of their hardships. Roosevelt’s confidence that he could make things better contrasted sharply with Hoover’s apparent failure to do anything effective. In his campaign for president, Roosevelt revealed the approach he would take as president: “Above all, try something.” He implemented his campaign promise with a flurry of bills to Congress during the first “Hundred Days.” Unlike the public impression of Hoover, Roosevelt was “doing something.”

The act guaranteed workers the right to organize unions without interference from employers and to bargain collectively. The law set up the National Labor Relations Board, which organized factory elections by secret ballot to determine whether workers wanted a union. The NLRB then certified the successful unions. The new law also set up a process whereby dissatisfied union members could take their complaints to binding arbitration, in which a neutral party would listen to both sides and decide the issues. The NLRB was authorized to investigate the actions of employers and could issue “cease and desist” orders against unfair practices.

fly wheel essay question… write your answer in paragraph format (15 points)! what lessons on...

Documents

stock market crashes

stock broker

stock market share prices

days slide

great depression

long bull market

economic disasters

measure of economic