fluid cleanliness comparison guide (pdf)

c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e

A Companion Booklet to be used with The Portable Fluid Analysis Kit

TM

OIL FILTRATIONS Y S T E M S, I N C.

FLUID CLEANLINESSc o m p a r i s o n g u i d e

A Companion Booklet to be used with The Portable Fluid Analysis Kit

FLUID CLEANLINESS

1

Simply pull

a 25 ml fluid

sample through

a Patch

Membrane

Filter and compare

oil sample particle

distribution with the

Fluid Cleanliness Comparison

Guide to assign an ISO

Cleanliness Code.

Introduction

f l u i d c l e a n l i n e s s c o m p a r i s o n g u i d e

Portable Fluid Analysis Kit

Particle Count Range can bedetermined in as little as 10 minutes.

For complete Operating Instructions,see page 18 (operating manual).

Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a

three-digit cleanliness code to any given sample based on

photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These

known samples are the results of

particle counts achieved by

standards as set forth in

ISO 4406-1999.

The kit effectively

monitors particulate

contamination in all

hydrocarbon-based

hydraulic fluids,

bulk chemicals, and

lubrication fluids.

The Donaldson - Portable Fluid Analysis Kit was developed to enable a person to conductimmediate on-site oil analysis in as little as 10 minutes.

1

Simply pull

a 25 ml fluid

sample through

a Patch

Membrane

Filter and compare

oil sample particle

distribution with the

Fluid Cleanliness Comparison

Guide to assign an ISO

Cleanliness Code.

Introduction



Particle Count Range can bedetermined in as little as 10 minutes.

For complete Operating Instructions,see page 18 (operating manual).

Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a

three-digit cleanliness code to any given sample based on

photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These

known samples are the results of

particle counts achieved by

standards as set forth in

ISO 4406-1999.

The kit effectively

monitors particulate

contamination in all

hydrocarbon-based

hydraulic fluids,

bulk chemicals, and

lubrication fluids.

The Donaldson - Portable Fluid Analysis Kit was developed to enable a person to conductimmediate on-site oil analysis in as little as 10 minutes.

Particle Size(in microns)

4

6

10

14

25

56

37

25

3

3

40-80

20-40

2.5-5

13

12

9

Number per ML.Greater Than Size

ParticleCount Range

RangeCode

Magnification: 100 x

Fluid Volume: 25 ml

Scale: 1 Division = 14 µm

2

13•12•9

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisVery little contamination is present.

The visible particle is an oxidized ferrous particle.

P A R T I C L E C O U N T S U M M A R Y


4

6

10

14

25

221

154

66

15

10

160-320

80-160

10-20

15

14

11


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


3

15•14•11

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe visible contaminate is silica.



4

6

10

14

25

587

222

104

30

13

320-640

160-320

20-40

16

15

12


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


4

16•15•12

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination is primarily metallic

with some silica and fiber particles.



4

6

10

14

25

1,978

396

230

60

24

1,300-2,500

320-640

40-80

18

16

13


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


5

18•16•13

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination is primarily silica withsome metallic, oxidized ferrous and rust particles.



4

6

10

14

25

3,548

892

456

120

46

2,500-5,000

640-1,300

80-160

19

17

14


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


6

19•17•14

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination includes silica

with metallic and rust particles.



4

6

10

14

25


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode

7,514

3,431

1,514

480

84

5,000-10,000

2,500-5,000

360-640

20

19

16


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


7

20•19•16

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe visible contamination includes silica,metallic and rust particles.


14,992

8,688

3,570

900

437

10,000-20,000

5,000-10,000

640-1,300

21

20

17


4

6

10

14

25


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


8

21•20•17

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe contamination is primarily silica with

some metallic and rust particles.A slight degree of oxidized ferrous

particles are also present.



4

6

10

14

25


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode

57,030

31,964

14,400

3,750

811

40,000-80,000

20,000-40,000

2,500-5,000

23

22

19


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


9

23•22•19

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThe contamination is primarily metallicwith additional silica contaminants, anda few rust particles and oxidized ferrousmetal particles.


373,430

155,635

59,999

15,000

1,160

320,000-640,000

80,000-160,000

10,000-20,000

26

24

21


4

6

10

14

25


ParticleCount Range

RangeCode


Fluid Volume: 25 ml


10

26•24•21

20 30 40 50 6010 70

CLEANLINESS CODE


Photo AnalysisThis sample is highly contaminated

with silica,metallic, rust andcarbon (such as coal) particles.


23

22

19



11

Silica

Bright Metal

Types of Contamination


Photo AnalysisMost commonly sand ordust associated with airbornecontamination containing hard,translucent particles.

Photo AnalysisMost commonly products ofcomponent wear and fluidbreakdown within the system.Visible contaminant will usuallyappear to contain shiny metallicparticles of various colors.

20 30 40 50 60

20 30 40 50 60

23

22

19

12

20 30 40 50 60

Black Metal

20 30 40 50 60

Rust





c o n t i n u e d

Photo AnalysisMost commonly products ofcomponent wear within the system.Contaminants are primarily oxidizedferrous metal particles.

Photo AnalysisMost commonly seen when water ispresent in the system. Contaminantscontain dull orange or brown particles.

23

22

19

20 30 40 50 60



13

Fibers

20 30 40 50 60

Cake of Fines/Precipitate



c o n t i n u e d

Photo AnalysisMost commonly generatedby paper products and fabrics.Sources of contamination alsoinclude cellulose filter mediaand shop rags.

Photo AnalysisA very high concentration ofsilt-size particles and/or additivepackage ingredients will build up onthe patch membrane obscuring allother contaminants. If the additivepackage breaks down in this wayand drops out of solution (uniformsize and color), it is no longer per-forming its intended function.

14

20 30 40 50 60

Gel Cake



c o n t i n u e d



Photo AnalysisA dense accumulation on theanalysis membrane that makesparticle contamination evaluationan impossibility.

Note:All images contained in thisguide are for comparisonand evaluation purposesonly. Actual results will varydepending upon specificconditions and levels ofcontaminants.

15

Cleanliness

Understanding


ISO Codes

The ISO Cleanliness Code references the number ofparticles greater than 4, 6, & 14 microns in one milliliterof fluid. The results of particle counting are plotted onthe adjacent logarithmic graph. The corresponding ISORange Code, shown above, gives the cleanliness codenumber for each of the three particle sizes.

Particle Size, Micrometers

PART ICLE COUNT SUMMARYParticle

Size(in microns)

430.0

90.0

44.0

21.0

3.0

9.5

16

14

12

Number perML. Greater

Than Size

RangeCode

4

6

10

14

25

50

16•14•12

Note: each increase in range number representsa doubling of the contamination level.

*

10,000,000

1,000,000

5,000,0004,000,0003,000,000

2,000,0001,500,000

500,000400,000300,000200,000150,000

50,00040,00030,00020,00015,000

5,0004,0003,0002,0001,500

500400300200150

5040302015

5.04.03.02.01.5

0.50.40.3

0.20.15

0.050.040.03

0.020.015

100,000

10,000

1,000

100

10

1.0

.1

.011 102 5 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Num

ber o

f Par

ticle

s G

reat

er T

han

Siz

e P

er M

ililit

er

*10,000,000

5,000,000

2,500,000

1,300,000

640,000

320,000

160,000

80,000

40,000

20,000

10,000

5,000

2,500

1,300

640

320

150

80

40

20

10

5

2.5

1.3

.6

.3

.15

.08

.04

.02

302928272625242322212019181716151413121110987654321

RangeCode

Comparison

ISO/NAS/SAE O i l F i l t r a t i o n S y s t e m s

Chart

...relate to particle

count data only.

To conform to any

particular standard,

reference should

be made to

the recommended

experimental procedure.

BS 5540/4ISO/DIS 4406

CODENAS 1638

CLASSSAE 749CLASS

11/812/913/1014/914/1115/915/1015/1216/1016/1116/1317/1117/1418/1218/1318/1519/1319/1620/1320/1721/1421/1822/1522/17

234—5——6——7—8——9—10—11—12——

—01—2——3——4—5——6————————

The comparisonsat right...


16

17

Many petroleum products are graded according to the ISOViscosity Classification System, approved by the InternationalStandards organization (ISO).

Viscosity


Classification Equivalents

2

3

4

5

6

8

10

20

30

40

50

60

70

60

50

40

30

20

10

98

7

6

5

4

80

100

200

300

400

500

600

800

1000

2000 10000

8000

60005000

4000

3000

2000

1500

1000

800

600500

400

300

300

200

100

90

80

70

60

55

50

45

40

200

150

100

8070

60

50

40

35

30

Viscosities can be related horizontally only.

Viscosities based on 96 VI single grade oils.

ISO are specified at 40˚C.

AGMA are specified at 40˚C.

SAE 75W, 80W, 85W and 5W & 10 W specified at

low temperature. Equivalent viscosities for 100 &

210˚F are shown.

SAE 90 to 250 and 20 to 50 specified at 100˚C.

250

140

90

85W

80W

75W

10W

20

30

40

50

1500

1000

680

460

320

220

150

100

68

46

32

22

15

10

7

5

3

2

8A

8

7

6

5

4

3

2

1

5W

SEA

GR

AD

ES

GE

AR

OIL

S

SAE

GR

AD

ES

CR

AN

KC

ASE

OIL

S

AG

MA

GR

AD

ES

ISO

VG

SAYBOLTVISCOSITIES

KINEMATICVISCOSITIES

SUS/100˚F

SUS/210˚F

cSt/40˚C

cSt/100˚C

Each ISO

viscosity grade

number

corresponds to

the mid-point of a

viscosity range

expressed in

centistokes (cSt)

at 40°C.

For example, a

lubricant with an

ISO grade of 32

has a viscosity

within the range

of 28.8 - 35.2,

the midpoint of

which is 32.

Rule-of-Thumb:

The comparable

ISO grade of a

given product

whose viscosity in

SUS at 100°F is

known can be de-

termined by using

the following

conversion formula:

SUS @ 100° F�5=

cSt @ 40°C.

18

This booklet is designed to be a quick and easy reference guide to be used along with our Portable

Fluid Analysis Kit. Using the Patch Test Method, a user can reliably assign a three-digit cleanliness

code to any given sample based on photomicrograph comparisons of known samples. These known

samples are the results of particle counts achieved by standards as set forth in ISO 4406-1999.

Manual

Assemble the pump and funnel assembly and screw on emptysample bottle.

Place solvent dispensing bottle filter on spout of solvent dispensingbottle.

Wash funnel with solvent and pull solvent through assembly withhand-operated vacuum pump.

Place a patch membrane in the funnel assembly.

Pour the fluid sample into the funnel and fill to the 25 ml level.

Pull sample through patch membrane with hand-operated vacuumpump.

Wash funnel with solvent and pull through patch membrane withhand-operated vacuum pump.

When sample passes completely through patch membrane, removemembrane with forceps, place on clean index card and immediatelycover with adhesive analysis lamination cover.

View patch membrane through microscope and compare sightscreen from 100x microscope to various pictures shown in thisComparison Guide to assign the appropriate ISO cleanliness code.


Portable Fluid Analysis KIT

Instructions

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The Kit includes the following components:

123456789

481111111

Item# Description Qty

Solvent dispensing bottle filters120 ml sample bottlesMembrane filter forcepsMicroscope pen light1000 ml solvent dispensing bottleMembrane holder & funnel assembly100X microscopeHeavy-duty carrying caseEasy-vac hose

1100123150 ea.501


Manual



Scissors (for opening packets)3”x 5” analysis cardsBeakerKeys for caseSyringesWater Test Kit0.8 & 5.0 micron membrane filtersReagent A for water analysisHand-actuated vacuum pump

101112131415161718

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p a g e 2 ( o f 2 )

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The Kit includes the following components:

123456789

481111111


Solvent dispensing bottle filters120 ml sample bottlesMembrane filter forcepsMicroscope pen light1000 ml solvent dispensing bottleMembrane holder & funnel assembly100X microscopeHeavy-duty carrying caseEasy-vac hose

1100123150 ea.501


Manual



Scissors (for opening packets)3”x 5” analysis cardsBeakerKeys for caseSyringesWater Test Kit0.8 & 5.0 micron membrane filtersReagent A for water analysisHand-actuated vacuum pump

101112131415161718

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p a g e 2 ( o f 2 )

fluid cleanliness comparison guide (pdf)

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