flood hazards: a case study of the floods in bangladesh

Flood Hazards ACase Study of the

Floods in BangladeshAsia

Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh

The Flood Plain Area of theMeghna River

Socio-EconomicVulnerability

Impacts of the FloodHazards in Bangladesh

Impacts of the MajorFloods in Bangladesh

Vulnerability Factors

Impacts of the FloodHazards

Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Flood Hazards A Case Study of the Floods inBangladesh Asia

Presented at the Course GEOG6023rsquoPhysical Geography in Environmental Managementrsquo

Polina Lemenkova

University of Southampton School of GeographyMSc GEM Studies Erasmus Mundus Scholarship

Southampton England (UK)

November 30 2009



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

IntroductionFloods in the WorldFloods in Asia

BangladeshThe Flood Plain Area of the Meghna RiverSocio-Economic Vulnerability

Impacts of the Flood Hazards in BangladeshImpacts of the Major Floods in BangladeshVulnerability FactorsImpacts of the Flood Hazards

Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Floods in the world



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Floods in Asia



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Bangladesh

Bangladesh areas vulnerable to flooding

Key points on BangladeshI Bangladesh is among the countries that are

the most affected by climate change

I Frequent natural disasters loss of lifedamage to infrastructure and economicassets impacts on lives and livelihoods

I Floods tropical cyclones storm surges anddroughts are likely to become more frequentand severe in the coming years

I Lies in the delta of three of the largest riversin the world ndash the Brahmaputra the Gangesand the Meghna

I Mostly low and flat topography susceptibleto river and rainwater flooding

I More than 50 million of people still live inpoverty

I Many people live in remote or ecologicallyfragile parts of the country such as riverislands

I Approximately one quarter of the countryinundated each year

I The poorest and most vulnerable living in theexposed areas suffer the most



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Meghna River

Meghna river flood plain area

Meghna river flood plain areaI Ideal case for examining relationship

between the climate change hazardand socio-economic vulnerability

I One of the highest flood hazard area inthe world

I One of the poorest and the mostflood-prone areas of Bangladesh

I Inhabited with more than four hundredthousand people

I Residents mostly farmers (farming ricewheat vegetables oil seeds)

I Heavy monsoon rainfall generatesexcessive flows in the rivers and causesfloods almost every year

I Suffered from devastating floods overthe past 20 years in 1988 1996 1998and 2004



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Bangladesh Socio-Economic Vulnerability

I Poorer segments of society live closer to the river

I Inundation levels significantly higher for poorer households

I Impoverished face a higher risk of flooding and are more vulnerable

I The higher the exposure level and income inequality the less access to anatural resourses

I Average damage costs and coping capacity higher for wealthierhouseholds

I Households with higher income take preventive measures and havesignificantly lower damage costs

I Unequal income distributions in villages with higher risk exposure

I The least well prepared both in terms of household-level and communitylevel face the highest risk of flooding



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Impacts of the Flood Hazards in Bangladesh

Impact of Event =sum

Intensity of Event sum

Baseline Conditions sum

Adaptive CapacityIn the coastal areas of Bangladesh communities are impacted by the following factors



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Impacts of the Major Floods in Bangladesh

Impacts of Major Floods in Bangladesh during the last 50 years



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography


Factors of vulnerability in Bangladesh which make impacts of flood hazardssensibleI Geographic location

I long coast lineI effect of saline water intrusion in the estuariesI vast low-lying landmassI extremely dynamic coastal geomorphological processes

I Socio-demographic and economic featuresI high population densityI nature-dependant traditional agricultural practices



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Impacts of the Flood Hazards

General impacts of flood hazards on the population

I initial economic conditions (poor or non-poor)

I location (coastal or non-coastal rural or urban)

I gender and general health condition (capacity to resist illnesses stresses)

I reduced livelihood options (loss of agriculture restriction of movement)

Particular impacts of flood hazards on human health

I temperature rise

I degrading water quality as well as shortage leads to illnesses choleradiarrhea dysentery malaria and typhoid

I widespread malnutrition (due to shortage of water)

I women increased risks of the involuntary foetus abortion in the coastalareas due to rising salinity leading to hypertension



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Conclusion

Table 2 Causes of Impacts Vulnerable Areas and Impacted Sectors inBangladesh

During the flood hazard

I the poor

I poor-healthy

I women will suffer much more disproportionately than the well-being andhealthy men more so in the coastal and rural areas than elsewhere



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Thanks

Thank you for attention



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Bibliography[1] S Agrawala T Ota A U Ahmed J Smith and M van Aalst Development and climate change in Bangladesh

Focus on Coastal Flooding and the Sundarbans Working Party on Global Structural Policies Working Party onDevelopment Co-operation and Environment 2003

[2] R Brouwer S Akter L Brander and E Haque ldquoSocioeconomic Vulnerability and Adaptation to Environmental RiskA Case Study of Climate Change and Flooding in Bangladeshrdquo In Risk Analysis 27 (2 2007) pp 1ndash10

[3] S Gauger G Kuhn K Gohl T Feigl P Lemenkova and C Hillenbrand ldquoSwath-bathymetric mappingrdquo In Theexpedition ANTARKTIS-XXIII4 of the Res Vessel rsquoPolarsternrsquo in 2006 Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung Rep on Polar and Marine Res 557 (2007) Ed by K Gohl pp 38ndash45 issn 1618-3193 doi106084m9figshare7439231 url httpswwwcoldregionsorgvufindRecord288392 In English Ant AccNo 85104 CRREL Acc No 63000887 illus incl sketch maps

[4] K Gohl G Eagles G B Udintsev R D Larter G Uenzelmann-Neben H W Schenke P Lemenkova J GrobysN Parsiegla P Schlueter T Deen G Kuhn and C D Hillenbrand ldquoTectonic and Sedimentary Processes of the

West Antarctic Margin of the Amundsen Sea Embayment and Pine Island Bayrdquo In 2nd Open Science Conference

29th SCAR on rsquoAntarctica in the Earth Systemrsquo (July 12ndash14 2006) Hobart Tasmania Australia 2006 doi106084m9figshare7435484v1 url httpswwwscarorgevents

[5] K Gohl G Uenzelmann-Neben G Eagles A Fahl T Feigl J Grobys J Just L V N Lensch C MayrN Parsiegla N Rackebrandt P Schluter S Suckro K Zimmermann S Gauger H Bohlmann G Netzeband andP Lemenkova Deep crustal refraction and reflection seismics Crustal and sedimentary structure and geodynamicevolution of the West Antarctic continental margin and Pine Island Bay Bremerhaven Germany Alfred WegenerInstitute 2006 pp 20ndash30 doi 106084m9figshare7439243 url httpsepicawide298521PE_75pdfExpedition program No 75 of ANT-XXIII4 Cruise 11-12

[6] K Gohl G Uenzelmann-Neben G Eagles A Fahl T Feigl J Grobys J Just V Leinweber N Lensch C MayrN Parsiegla N Rackebrandt P Schloter S Suckro K Zimmermann S Gauger H Bohlmann G L Netzebandand P Lemenkova Crustal and Sedimentary Structures and Geodynamic Evolution of the West Antarctic ContinentalMargin and Pine Island Bay Bremerhaven Germany 2006 doi 1013140RG221647336961 urlhttpsepicAlfred20Wegener20Institutede298521PE_75pdf

[7] G Kuhn C Hass M Kober M Petitat T Feigl C D Hillenbrand S Kruger M Forwick S Gauger andP Lemenkova The response of quaternary climatic cycles in the South-East Pacific development of the opal belt anddynamics behavior of the West Antarctic ice sheet Bremerhaven Germany 2006 doi1013140RG221146887687 url httpsepicAlfred20Wegener20Institutede298521PE_75pdf

[8] P Lemenkova ldquoUsing ArcGIS in Teaching Geosciencesrdquo Russian BSc Thesis Moscow Russia Lomonosov MoscowState University Faculty of Educational Studies June 5 2007 58 pp doi 1013140RG221235770885 urlhttpsthesiscommonsorgnmjgz

[9] P Lemenkova ldquoGeoecological Mapping of the Barents and Pechora Seasrdquo Russian BSc Thesis Moscow RussiaLomonosov Moscow State University Faculty of Geography Department of Cartography and Geoinformatics May 182004 78 pp doi 1013140RG222536005122 url httpsthesiscommonsorgbvwcr



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

[10] G of the Peoplersquos Republic of Bangladesh Ministry of Environment and Forests Bangladesh Climate Change Stategyand Action Plan 2008 Dhaka Bangladesh 2008

[11] G of the Peoplersquos Republic of Bangladesh Department of Environment Climate Change and Bangladesh ActionPlan 2007 Dhaka Bangladesh 2007

[12] K Prathumchai Assessment Flood Vulnerability and Mitigation Planning in Munshiganj District of Bangladesh usingRemote Sensing and GIS Geoinformatics Center Asian Institute of Technology Lal Samarakoon Earth ObservationResearch Center Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency 2005

[13] A Rahman M Alam S S Alam M R Uzzaman M Rashid and G Rabbani Risks Vulnerability and Adaptationin Bangladesh Human Development Report 20072008 2008

[14] H W Schenke and P Lemenkova ldquoZur Frage der Meeresboden-Kartographie Die Nutzung von AutoTrace Digitizerfur die Vektorisierung der Bathymetrischen Daten in der Petschora-Seerdquo German In Hydrographische Nachrichten2581 (June 2008) pp 16ndash21 issn 0934-7747 doi 106084m9figshare7435538v2

[15] I Suetova L Ushakova and P Lemenkova ldquoGeoecological Mapping of the Barents Sea Using GISrdquo In DigitalCartography amp GIS for Sustainable Development of Territories Proceedings of the International CartographicConference ICC (July 9ndash16 2005) La Coruna Espana 2005 doi 106084m9figshare7435529 urlhttpsicaciorgicc2005

[16] I Suetova L Ushakova and P Lemenkova ldquoGeoinformation mapping of the Barents and Pechora Seasrdquo InGeography and Natural Resources 4 (Dec 2005) Ed by V A Snytko pp 138ndash142 issn 1875-3728 doi106084m9figshare7435535 urlhttpwwwizdatgeorujournalphpaction=outputampid=3amplang_num=2ampid_dop=68

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh

The Flood Plain Area of the Meghna River

Socio-Economic Vulnerability





Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

IntroductionFloods in the WorldFloods in Asia

BangladeshThe Flood Plain Area of the Meghna RiverSocio-Economic Vulnerability

Impacts of the Flood Hazards in BangladeshImpacts of the Major Floods in BangladeshVulnerability FactorsImpacts of the Flood Hazards

Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Floods in the world



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Floods in Asia



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Bangladesh














Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Meghna River












Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Floods in the world



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Floods in Asia



Polina Lemenkova

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Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Bangladesh














Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Meghna River












Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Outline

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Floods in Asia



Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Bangladesh














Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Meghna River












Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

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Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

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Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

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Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

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Polina Lemenkova

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Outline

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Floods in the World

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

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Bangladesh














Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Outline

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Floods in the World

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

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Outline

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in Asia

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in Asia

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Outline

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

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Outline

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

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Polina Lemenkova

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

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Outline

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Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







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Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography








I temperature rise






Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography















Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography








Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Conclusion



I the poor

I poor-healthy




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography















Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography








Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

Thanks




Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography















Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography








Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography















Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography








Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography



Polina Lemenkova

Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography








Outline

Introduction

Floods in the World

Floods in Asia

Bangladesh







Conclusion

Thanks

Bibliography

flood hazards: a case study of the floods in bangladesh

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