Flipped Classroom Model 104034537 Ken

Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering

Management,

National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan

Words: 2745

Flipped Classroom Model

104034537 Ken

Department of Industrial Engineering and Engineering

Management,

National Tsing Hua University, Taiwan

Abstract. Education is a big issue for a society. However, the

traditional lecture has some shortcomings. Therefore, somebody

propose an idea, called “Flipped Classroom”, they believe it can

make up for traditional lecture’s deficiency.

Nevertheless, this idea, flipped classroom, still is not

prevailing in college. One of the reasons is there is no system can

provide a simple way to implement flipped classroom. This paper

provides a simple model which is based on choosing course

system. Moreover, the choosing course system will combine with

online course system so that student can register the online course

easily. Then, teacher can implement flipped classroom with this

model simply. In addition, the model also corporate with book

seller’s system, such as Amazon, so students can buy books

conveniently.

In this paper, INCOME model will be used to describe the

process flow clearly. SQL and ASP.NET are use to build the

model which is mentioned above, and making the system more

realistic and user-friendly.

Keywords. Flipped classroom; model; education

Introduction

1.1 Problem definition

In a traditional lecture, students often try to capture what is being said at the instant the speaker

says it. They cannot stop to reflect upon what is being said, and they may miss significant points

because they are trying to transcribe the instructor’s words. Therefore, somebody proposes an idea,

which is called flipped classroom, is able to solve these problems. Then, more and more teachers

adopt flipped classroom to teach in elementary school and junior high school. However, in college,

flipped classroom is not prevailing. Most of teacher are still using traditional way. One of the reasons

is there is no system can provide a simple way to implement flipped classroom. Thus, a system to

apply flipped classroom is needed.

1.2 Brief introduction of flipped classroom

(Ref: EDUCAUSE (2012)7 things you should know about flipped classroom)

1) What is flipped classroom?

The flipped classroom is a pedagogical model in which the typical lecture and homework

elements of a course are reversed. Short video lectures are viewed by students at home before the

class session, while in-class time is devoted to exercises, projects, or discussions. The schematic

diagram of flipped classroom is showed in Figure 1.

Figure 1. Flipped classroom

By using of video and other prerecorded media, students can watch, rewind, and fast-forward as

needed. This ability may be of particular value to students with accessibility concerns, especially

where captions are provided for those with hearing impairments. Lectures that can be viewed more

than once may also help those for whom English is not their first language. Devoting class time to

application of concepts might give instructors a better opportunity to detect errors in thinking,

particularly those that are widespread in a class. At the same time, collaborative projects can

encourage social interaction among students, making it easier for them to learn from one another and

for those of varying skill levels to support their peers.

2)The downsides of flipped classroom

The flipped classroom is an easy model to get wrong. Although the idea is straightforward, an

effective flip requires careful preparation. Recording lectures requires effort and time on the part of

faculty, and out-of-class and in-class elements must be carefully integrated for students to understand

the model and be motivated to prepare for class. As a result, introducing a flip can mean additional

work and may require new skills for the instructor, although this learning curve could be mitigated

by entering the model slowly.

Students, for their part, have been known to complain about the loss of face-to-face lectures,

particularly if they feel the assigned video lectures are available to anyone online. Students with this

perspective may not immediately appreciate the value of the hands-on portion of the model,

wondering what their tuition brings them that they could not have gotten by surfing the web. Those

who see themselves as attending class to hear lectures may feel it is safe to skip a class that focuses

on activities and might miss the real value of the flip. Finally, even where students embrace the

model, their equipment and access might not always support rapid delivery of video.

1.3 Methodology

This paper provides a simple model to apply flipped classroom in college. The model is based

on choose course system which will combine with online course system so that student can register

the online course easily. Then, teacher can ask students to view short video lecture at home, and do

more project, discussion or projects in class time. Flipped classroom can be simply implement.

What’s more, the model also includes the book seller’s system to convenient student to buy books.

INCOME will be applied to build the flow of above-mentioned process which is from student’s

viewpoint. ASP.NET and SQL were applied to build the model to meet the requirements of

INCOME model and make the environment more realistic and user-friendly.

2.Model display

The section presents the display of behavior model, database, and information flow diagram

respectively. The behavior model is drawn by Microsoft PowerPoint to imitate the behavior model in

INCOME. The database is constructed by SQL. The information flow diagram is illustrated and

display by Microsoft PowerPoint.

2.1 Behavior Model

The behavior model is showed in Figure 2,3,4 and 5. Figure 2 starts with students who have to

choose next semester course.

Figure 2. behavior model

When students want to use the choose course system, they need to log in their account. If they

are first time to use the choose course system, they will need to sign up an account and file in their

basic information. The drill down process of Sign up & Log in is showed in Figure 3.

Figure 3. Drill down process of Sign up & Log in

Students log into the the choose course system, they can see the class information for next

semester. As soon as students choose a course, they can see the related online course information and

related book information. Then, students can register the online course and buy the book in the

choose course system. The drill down process for registering online course and buying books are

showed in Figure 4 And 5.

Figure 4. Drill down process of registering online course

Figure 5. Drill down process of buying books

After finishing the buying book process, the choose course system will send the electronic data to

book seller’s system. In addition, student’s can print out the invoice so that they can check the order

with the book seller; same as buying the book, when student finished the registering course process,

the choose course system will send the electronic data to online course system. Then, the online

system will send an email to let students know they have enrolled the online course successfully.

2.2 Database

The database is constructed by Microsoft SQL software. Figure 6 is the ER model of this model

which is combined by 8 tables: student, course, schedule, online course, online course schedule,

book and order table. Table 1 is a brief introduction for each table.

Table Description

Student students basic information ex. Phone number, address…

Course the courses in the college

Schedule the courses which student chooses

Online course the courses in online course system

Online course schedule the online course which student chooses

Book the books’ information which is related to courses

Order the student’s book order

2.3 Information flow

Figure 6 shows the information flow in the model. First and foremost, students will provide

their basic information to the system. The online course system will give the online course

information to the choose course system. The book seller will supply their book information to the

choose course system. Then, the choose course system will provide the data of students’ registration

to the online course system; the choose course system will give the order information to book seller.

At last, the online course system will send the successful enrollment information to students. On the

other side, the choose course system will give the receipt information to student so that they can

check the order with book seller.

Here, this paper will like to take NTU choose course system for example, since they have some

online courses on Coursera, which is one of online course websites. In addition, Amazon will be

token as the book seller for example.

Figure 6. Information flow

3. Website Interface

The website interface is build by ASP.NET and SQL to meet the requirement in INCOME

model, which the paper mentioned above. Some functions I do not make it real because of some

technical constrains. Therefore, this section just uses website interface to elaborate and deliver the

idea.

3.1 Log in & Sign up

Figure 7 is the log in interface for the choose course system. First, if students want to get into

the choose course system, they need to file in their account and password. If the students use the

system first time, he or she need to sign up an account.

Figure 7. Log in interface

When student clicks the Sign up button, they will get into the Sign up interface which is showed in

Figure 8.

Figure 8. Sign up interface

Students will need to file in the basic information which includes account, password, name,

phone number, email and address. The check button can check whether the account has been signed

up or not.

Moreover, the basic information which students need the key in will be negotiated by the

choose course system, online course system and book seller so that the account can be used in these

three system. On the other hand, if online course system or book seller needs the student information,

they can easily get the information they want because of the negotiation. For instance, while the

online course system wants to send the successful registration email to students, they can link to the

account which is signed in choose course system to get the Email data; when the book seller needs

the address information to send the books to students, they also can connect to the account of choose

course system to get the address data.

3.2 Choose course

When students get into the choose course system, they can see the class information which is

showed in Figure 9. The class information includes course name, teacher’s name, week as well as

Time. Here, the website can add a choose department and grade function to select the class more

efficient; but the function is not innovative, choose course system in school now has this function.

Therefore, this paper does not spend time to make the choose department and grade function real.

Figure 9. Choose course interface

As soon as student choose a course, they can see not only the courses they chose in the

Schedule but also the related online class information and related book information which is showed

up like Figure 10. The online class information includes the course name, teacher, school, time and

the image; the book information includes the book name, writer, review, the amount of new books,

new book price, the amount of old books, old book price and the image.

Figure 10. Related online course and book information

3.3 Buy books

Students also can buy books in this model. They just need to click the buy button, and it will

record in the SQL database. Then, when students want to check their order, they need to click the

shopping cart button. It will link to the shopping cart interface which is showed in Figure 11.

Figure 11. Shopping cart interface

In the shopping cart interface, students will see the book name and book price, and then they

can enter the amount of books which they want to order. As soon as they click the confirm button,

they will get in to the payment interface which is showed in Figure 12.

Figure 12. Payment interface

In the payment interface, students will not only see their basic information but also need to

choose the way of payment. There are three payment methods: first method, student can use credit

card to pay; second method, student can pay when the books are sent to the convenient store; last

method, student can pay when the books are sent to the post office. When students check their basic

information and choose the payment way, they can click the “Confirm” button. Meanwhile, the order

data will be sent to Amazon’s system. Moreover, the invoice will show up like figure 13, and

students can print out to check the order with the Amazon. The invoice will include student name,

phone number, email, address, order time, item list, item amount, payment way, and total price.

Figure 13. Invoice

3.4 Choose online course

If students want to enroll the online course, they just need to click the register button in Figure

10. The data also will record in SQL database. Meanwhile, the choose course system will send the

electronic data which includes the student registration information to Coursera’s system. Then,

student will receive an email that says they have registered the online course successfully. Figure 13

is an example of the successful registration email.

Figure 13. Successful registration email

4. Future expectation

The model this paper proposed is simple enough to let flipped classroom be applied in college.

However, the functions of the model are not attractive enough to both students and administers sides.

Therefore, this paper provides three points that can do in future to improve the model.

1) Watch online video system

In this system, students can view the lecture video on the course system instead of online

course system. When the students start to view lecture video, there are many data can be

recorded, such as the start time, end time, the frequency the video be watched, frequency of the

students see the lecture videos as well as the sequence of lecture videos be viewed … etc. These

data can help the teacher find the better way to teach the lecture. Moreover, the data can be

analyzed to improve the education area. Moreover, the system has a Q&A interface to let

students ask questions online.

2) Administer system

This paper uses the student’s angle to implement the idea of flipped classroom. However,

teacher’s angle is also important and needed. Hence, the administer system which is from

teacher’s angle should also be built as well. In the administer system, teachers can see the

courses which are chosen by students and the data which is mentioned in the “Watch online

video system” paragraph. Furthermore, the administer system can let teachers answer the

questions which are asked form students in Q&A interface.

3) Flipped classroom App

Nowadays, everyone has a mobile phone, so the flipped course App is promising. If the

flipped course model App is developed, students can watch the lecture video on their mobile

phone or pad. It can help student to exploit the interstice of time in daily life. Moreover, it is

convenient for the students to view the lecture video without computer in front of them. Also, the

flipped classroom APP includes the administer angle so that teachers can see the data and answer

the question by their mobile devices.

5. Conclusion

This paper proposes a model that can simply implement the idea of flipped classroom. In

solving the problem of building a model, INCOME model is used to demonstrate the process;

ASP.NET and SQL are used to build a simple choose course system. Using the combination of the

software demonstrates an idea of flipped classroom model which can let teachers be easier to change

their teaching way from traditional way to flipped classroom. In addition, there are some beneficial

points:

1)Students just need to create one account and they can use the choose course system, online course

system and book seller’s system.

2)Students get the related books information and Online course information for the class they want to

learn in school conveniently.

3) If book sellers (Amazon) want to provide the students discount to attract students to buy books

from them, they do not need to check the account whether is student or not.

4)Online course will get more users and be promoted.

Consequently, the model this paper proposed is conducive to not only teacher and student but also

the online course system and book seller.

Consequently, the model is conducive to not only teachers and students but also online class

system and book seller.