flash cards immune system

8/13/2019 Flash Cards Immune system

1/38

Natural Immunity

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


2/38

Present at birth

Protection provided by physical barriers:

Skin, mucus membranes

Phagocytic cells

NK cells


3/38

Specific Acquired Immunity

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


4/38

Production of antibodies against antigens

Active:

Having the infection or a vaccine / tooid

!akes "eeks to months to take effect

Passive:

Administration of preformed antibodies #immunoglobulins$


5/38

Majr !ells f t"e Immune

System

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


6/38

% cells &acrophages ' (endritic )

Produce antibodies Phagocytosis

Helper ! cells #)(*$

Activate % cells

+esponsible for delayed

hypersensitivity reaction

)ytotoic ! cells #)($

(irectly destroy target cells


7/38

MM# $accine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


8/38

Therapeutic Uses:

&easles, &umps, +ubella

Adverse Effects:

-ocal reactions #rash, fever, s"ollen glands$

Anaphylais

Contraindications/Precautions:

Allergies to eggs, gelatin, and neomycin

H of thrombocytopenia .mmunocompromised individuals

+ecently received blood products or immunoglobulins

Education:


9/38

%Ta& $accine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


10/38

Therapeutic Uses:

(iphtheria, !etanus, Pertussis

Adverse Effects:

ncephalopathy #fever, persistent crying$

Sei0ures

-ocal reaction at in1ection site


Severe febrile illness

H of anaphylais H of encephalopathy 2 days after (!aP vaccination

3ccurrence of sei0ures "ith 4 days of vaccination

.nconsolable crying #54 hrs$ "ithin * hrs of vaccination

Education:


11/38

'epatitis $accine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


12/38

Therapeutic Uses:

Hepatitis A ' % virusesAdverse Effects:

-ocal reaction

Anaphylais


H of anaphylais Allergy to %aker6s yeast

Education:


13/38

$aricella $irus $accine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


14/38

Therapeutic Uses:

7aricella 0oster virus #chickenpo$

Adverse Effects:

7aricella8like rash


Pregnancy

)ancer

H of allergy to neomycin or gelatin .mmunocompromised patients

Education:

Slight risk of virus being transmitted9 .f child develops rash after vaccinat

they should be presumed to be infected and appropriate precautions taken


15/38

Inactiated &li $accine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


16/38

Therapeutic Uses:

.mmune response to poliovirus

Adverse Effects:

7accine8related paralytic poliomyelitis

-ocal reaction


None

Education:


17/38

Influena $accine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


18/38

Therapeutic Uses:

.mmunity to influen0a strains in the vaccine

Adverse Effects:

uillain8%arr; syndrome #ascending paralysis, "eakness of %-, dyspne

-ocal reaction


19/38

Immune *l+ulin

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


20/38

Expected Action: Proto:amma globulin

Passive immunity

Therapeutic Uses:

.mmunodeficiency syndrome

%one marro" transplantation

&easles, rubella, varicella eposure

)hronic lymphocytic leukemia

Hep A, Hep % eposure

Adverse Effects:

-ocal reaction / hypersensitivity


Interactions:

-ive viruses can lead to disease = avoid live viruses for 4 months follo"in

Education:

Administer in deep muscle / (ate of eposure must be kno"n #> days me

2 days Hep %, ?* days Hep %$


21/38

Immunstimulants

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


22/38

Expected Action: Proto:.nterferon Alfa, Aldesleukin, .nterleuk

nhance immune response / reduce proliferation of cancer cells

Therapeutic Uses:

-eukemia / melanoma / Kaposi6s sarcoma

Adverse Effects:


23/38

Immunsuppressants(*eneral)

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


24/38

Act on helper ! lymphocytes to suppress proliferation of % cells a

cytotoic ! cells


25/38

!yclsprine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


26/38

Adverse Effects:

Hepatotoicity Nephrotoicity #%BN, )reatinine,


Pregnancy / +ecent live virus vaccination / +ecent contact C chickenpo o

Interactions:

Phenytoin, phenobarbital, rifampin, carbama0epine, !&P8S& #DcyclE

Ketocona0ole, erythromycin, amphotericin #DcyclE toicity$

Amphotericin, aminoglycosides, NSA.(s #all nephrotoic renal da rapefruit 1uice #DcyclE by FG$

Nursing &i oral dose C milk or 3I to palatability

Admin initial dose over @8> hours

&onitor for hypersensitivity, stay C pt9 for 4G mins


27/38

*luccrticids

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


28/38

Adverse Effects: Proto:Prednisone, predn

3steoporosis #use )a@J' vitamin ( supplements

+enal insufficiency #stop drugs immediately$


29/38

Aat"iprine

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


30/38

Adverse Effects: %one marro" depression neutropenia ' thrombocytopenia


None listed in A!.

Interactions:

Allopurinol #delays inactivation of a0athioprine$Education:


31/38

Anti"istamines(*eneral)

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


32/38

Action is on H?receptors "hich blocks histamine release

Medications

?st eneration:

(iphenhydramine #%enadryl$

Prometha0ine #Phenergan$

(imenhydrinate #(ramamine$

@nd eneration:

-oratadine #)laritin$

)etiri0ine #yrtec$


33/38

Anti"istamines(,st*eneratin)

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


34/38


35/38

!"emt"erapy Aents(Medicatins)

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys

Nitrogen mustards cyclophospha


36/38

Nitrogen mustards99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999cyclophospha

Platinum compounds99999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999999cisp


37/38

!"emt"erapy Aents

(Side .ffects)

N203ATI (Unit

Immune Sys


38/38

%one marro" suppression Avoid cro"ds, check for bleedin

gums

. discomfort ive antiemetic #ondansetron$ "ith deametha

metoclopramide or granisetron at outset

Alopecia 3ccur 28?G days after, persist ma of @ months aft

&ucositis

flash cards immune system

Documents