Flagship Concepts for Astrobiology at EnceladusA Predecadal Mission Concept StudyShannon MacKenzie, JHU APLMorgan Cable, Kate Craft, Alfonso Davila, Jen Eigenbrode, Christopher Glein, Jason Hofgartner, Jonathan Lunine, Chris McKay, Marc Neveu, Charity Phillips-Lander, Hunter Waite

Science TeamMorgan Cable, Kate Craft, Alfonso Davila, Jen Eigenbrode, Christopher Glein, Jason Hofgartner, Jonathan Lunine, Chris McKay, Marc Neveu, Charity Phillips-Lander, Hunter Waite

Ariel Anbar, Doug Archer, Laurie Barge, Chris Bradburne, Will Brinckerhoff, John Brucato, Anna Butterworth, Ben Clark, Max Coleman, Jean-Pierre de Vera, Caroline Freissinet, Kosuke Fujishima, Chris German, Rob Gold, Kevin Hand, Matt Hedman, Joern Helbert, Jen Heldmann, Rob Hodyss, Tori Hoehler, Sean Hsu, Julie Huber, Terry Hurford, Dana Hurley, Sam Kounaves, Susan Lang, Ralph Lorenz, Michael Malaska, Michael Manga, Emily Martin, Richard Mathies, Alfred McEwen, William McKinnon, Alison Murray, Jay Nadeau, Aaron Noell, Jorge Nunez, Mark Panning, Wes Patterson, Alex Patthoff, Mark Perry, Frank Postberg, Britney Schmidt, Jurgen Schmidt, Yasuhito Sekine, Takazo Shibuya, Danielle Simkus, Krista Soderlund, Linda Spilker, Tom Spilker, Ben Teolis, Zibi Turtle, Steve Vance, Peter Willis, Peter Wurz, Hajime Yano

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Vapor Species AbundanceH2O 96–99%CO2 0.3–0.8%CH4 0.1–0.3%NH3 0.4–1.3%H2 0.4–1.4%C2H2, HCN, C2H4,CO, N2, C2H6, NO

100ppm

Hydrocarbons up to C8, Nitriles, O-bearing hydrocarbons, NO-bearing hydrocarbons, H2S, PH3, Ar, C3H5Cl

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Grains H2O, organics, Na and K salts, SiO2

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Grains H2O, organics, Na and K salts, SiO2

Vapor Species AbundanceH2O 96–99%CO2 0.3–0.8%CH4 0.1–0.3%

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Hab

itabi

lity

Chemical Ingredients

Hydrocarbons, nitriles, organics, salts

Liquid Water

Warm subsurface ocean

Energy Water-rock interactions

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Hab

itabi

lity

Chemical Ingredients

Hydrocarbons, nitriles, organics, salts

Liquid Water

Warm subsurface ocean

Energy Water-rock interactions

Is Enceladus inhabited?

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But how should such a search be implemented? Answering this question for the next decade requires an updated understanding of the trades associated with Flagship-class architectures.

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Ultimate Goal of the Study:

Provide the Decadal Survey Committee with a quantified understanding of the science return of Enceladus life detection flagship-class architectures

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Strategy

1) Categorize and prioritize science objectives

2) Translate science objectives into payloads

3) Evaluate trades associated with architectures with these payloads

Three Candidate Architectures at CML 3

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ORBITER ORBITER + LANDER

LANDER

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ORBITEREnceladus

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Cassini flybys: 6-18 km/s

Guzman et al. 2019100 km

LANDER

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Europa Enceladus Effect for Enceladus

Radiation Environment

125 mW/m2

< 6 mW/m2

Lander would require less shielding, freeing up payload mass

Surface Gravity

0.1 g(1.31 m/s2)

0.01 g(0.11 m/s2)

Mobility? Anchor for scooping?

Sampling strategies

excavate up to 10 cm

catch? scoop? (slurp?)

Unique sampling system trades for consideration

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Southworth et al. 2019

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Winter is coming

ORBILANDER

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Gas sampling! Relay!

Larger sample volumes! Seismic monitoring!

Three Candidate Architectures at CML 3

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ORBITER ORBITER + LANDER

LANDER

Best Science return/$ at CML 4

Schedule

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LPSC PMCS WorkshopSunday 8am-6pm

Acknowledgements

• science team • ICEE2/MATISEE/

PICASSO PIs• APL Tech Team• NASA Grant

80NSSC20K0136