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12/29/2015 Five big economic landmarks since independence http://www.dailyo.in/singlestory.php?id=NTY3Nw== 1/3 Print | Close MG ARUN @mgarun1 MONEY | 3-minute read | 14-08-2015 The Indian economy has come a long way since independence in 1947. It was tottering at a GDP of Rs 2.7 lakh crore in 195051 but has morphed into a Rs 57 lakh crore economy in 201314. A look at five big economic milestones in the country’s journey so far. 1969: Nationalisation of banks The government of India issued an ordinance leading to the nationalisation of 14 of India's largest commercial banks, that handled 85 per cent of the bank deposits in the country. A second round of nationalisation followed in 1980. The idea was to instil public confidence in the banking sector and encourage them to save and invest. However, public sector banks have borne the brunt of political interferences and are straddled with bad loans to the tune of Rs 2.55 lakh crore, as on March 2015. Five big economic landmarks since independence Of late, India has also emerged as an assertive voice of the developing economies of the world.

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12/29/2015 Five big economic landmarks since independence

http://www.dailyo.in/singlestory.php?id=NTY3Nw== 1/3

 Print | Close

MG ARUN @mgarun1

MONEY  |   3-minute read |   14-08-2015

 

The Indian economy has come a long way since independence in 1947. It wastottering at a GDP of Rs 2.7 lakh crore in 195051 but has morphed into a Rs57 lakh crore economy in 201314. A look at five big economic milestones inthe country’s journey so far.

1969: Nationalisation of banks

The government of India issued an ordinance leading to the nationalisationof 14 of India's largest commercial banks, that handled 85 per cent of thebank deposits in the country. A second round of nationalisation followed in1980. The idea was to instil public confidence in the banking sector andencourage them to save and invest. However, public sector banks have bornethe brunt of political interferences and are straddled with bad loans to thetune of Rs 2.55 lakh crore, as on March 2015.

Five big economic landmarks sinceindependenceOf late, India has also emerged as an assertive voice of the developing economiesof the world.

12/29/2015 Five big economic landmarks since independence

http://www.dailyo.in/singlestory.php?id=NTY3Nw== 2/3

1983: Launch of Maruti 800

Maruti Udyog Ltd, (now Maruti Suzuki) started commercial production ofcars in 1983, with the Maruti 800, making it the first modern car to beindigenously made. The car was made in collaboration with Japan's Suzuki.Although the government originally owned 74 per cent stake in the company,it later exited completely. At present, Suzuki owns a little over 56 per cent inMaruti Suzuki, India's largest car maker with a 37 per cent share. Thecompany is a perfect example of how government entry and exit at anappropriate time can help create an enduring enterprise.

1991: Liberalisation

With the idea of making the economy more market oriented and expandingthe role of private and foreign invesment, economic liberalisation wasinitiated. The move included a reduction in import tariffs, deregulation ofmarkets, reduction in taxes and greater foreign investment. The immediatetrigger to liberalise was a balance of payments crisis, which forced thecountry to sign a bail out package with the International Monetary Fund.The reforms, unleashed under PV Narasimha Rao, the then Prime Minister,with Manamohan Singh as the Finance Minister, led to higher economicgrowth, although critics say it has resulted in higher inequality and poverty.

196778: Green revolution

In the years following independence, India's population continued to growmuch faster than food production, calling for a drastic action to improveyield. With the Green Revolution, India increased its yields using highyielding crop varieties and applying modern techniques in agriculture.Higher yielding varieties of wheat were developed by scientists including MSSwaminathan. The period also saw an increase in the use of chemicalfertilisers and irrigation. The efforts led to self sufficiency of food grains inIndia, with the government now able to create a buffer stock of grains.

12/29/2015 Five big economic landmarks since independence

http://www.dailyo.in/singlestory.php?id=NTY3Nw== 3/3

WriterMG ARUN @mgarun1

The writer is Deputy Editor, India Today.

1995 : WTO agreement

India became a member of the World Trade Organisation on January 1,1995, a move which has opened up the country’s global trade. Before Indiaentering the WTO, India had been largely a closed economy. By 1991, withthe winds of liberalisation and structural reforms, the urge to embrace tradereforms grew within the country. Of late, India has also emerged as anassertive voice of the developing economies of the world. India was 19th topexporter in the world with exports of $3.42 trillion in 2014.

#Liberalisation, #GDP growth, #Indian Economy, #69th Independence Day,

The views and opinions expressed in this article are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the officialpolicy or position of DailyO.in or the India Today Group. The writers are solely responsible for any claims arising outof the contents of this article.

URL of this article: http://www.dailyo.in/business/69thindependencedayindianeconomygdpgrowthliberalisationmarutisuzukibanksgreenrevolutionwto/story/1/5677.html

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