Fishing Vessel 

REPRESENTED BY :Ahmed Taha

INTRODUCTION

A fishing vessel is a boat or ship used to catch fish in the sea, or on a lake or river .

According to the FAO (Food and Agriculture Organization) , there are currently (2004) four million commercial fishing vessels

HISTORY Early fishing vessels included rafts, boats constructed from a frame covered with hide or tree bark Around 4000 B.C., Egyptians were building

long narrow boats . They developed cotton-made sails to help their boats

go faster with less work. Then they built boats large enough to cross the oceans. These boats had sails, and were used for travel and trade

HISTORY An example of their skill is the Khufu ship,

a vessel 143 feet (44 m) in length entombed at the foot of the Great Pyramid of Giza around 2,500 BC and found intact in 1954.

HISTORY Steam power

The earliest steam powered fishing boats first appeared in the 1870s and used the trawl system of fishing as well as lines and drift nets. These were large boats, usually (24–27 m) in length with a beam of around (6.1 m). They weighed 40-50 tons and travelled at 9–11 knots (17–20 km/h

Trawler designs adapted as the way they were powered changed from sail to coal-fired steam by World War I to diesel and turbines by the end of World War II.

HISTORY

FISHING SHIP VS SPY SHIP

In recent decades, commercial fishing vessels have been increasingly equipped with electronic aids, such as radio navigation aids and fish finders. During the Cold War, some countries fitted fishing trawlers with additional electronic gear so they could be used as spy ships to monitor the activities of other countries.

COMMERCIAL VESSELS

Commercial fishing vessels (Fishing trawler) can be classified by :

1. Architecture2. the type of fish they catch3. the fishing method used.

FISHING TRAWLER A fishing trawler, also known as a dragger, is a commercial 

fishing vessel designed to operate fishing trawls. Trawling is a method of fishing that involves actively

dragging or pulling a trawl through the water behind one or more trawlers.

Trawls are fishing nets that are pulled along the bottom of the sea or in midwater at a specified depth.

A trawler may also operate two or more trawl nets simultaneously (double-rig and multi-rig).

TRAWLING GEAR

There are many variants of trawling gear. They vary according to

1. local traditions2. bottom conditions3. how large and powerful the trawling boats are.

A trawling boat can be a small open boat with only 30 horsepower or a large factory ship with 10,000 horsepower.

Modern trawlers are usually decked vessels.

Their superstructure (wheelhouse  and accommodation) can be forward, midship or aft. Motorized winches, electronic navigation and sonar systems are usually installed.

Fishing equipment varies in sophistication depending on:

1. the size of the vessel .2. the technology used.

TRAWLING GEAR

TRAWLER TYPES The classification used below follows the FAO, who classify

trawlers by the gear they use Outrigger trawlers Beam trawlers Otter trawlers Pair trawlers Side trawlers Stern trawlers Freezer trawlers Wet fish trawlers Trawler/purse seiners Naval trawlers

ALASKA RANGER

Alaska Ranger was a fishing factory ship owned and operated by the Fishing Company of Alaska of Seattle, Washington.

The ship was constructed in. The ship sank 23 March 2008, after reporting progressive flooding only hours earlier. Of the 47 on board, 42 were rescued. Of the five fatalities, four were recovered dead, and one was never found

STABILITY Loose Water or Fish on Deck

Loading and unloading operations have a dramatic effect on stability.

For example, when a heavy load is lifted clear of the water it has the same effect on the vessel’s centre of gravity as if the weight were actually at the head of the boom. The vessel will also heel.

All such operations should proceed with extreme caution.

Loading and Unloading STABILITY

Icing Conditions Heavy icing, especially when it accumulates, will

seriously affect stability. In severe conditions it is very dangerous. If

icing occurs, all fishing gear should be recovered and secured as low as possible on deck.

Speed should be reduced, and the vessel turned downwind if possible. If crew are sent on deck, they should have safety lines attached. If possible, ice should be removed from upper structures.

STABILITY

Freeboard If the deck edge goes under

the water when the vessel heels, the danger of capsizing is great.

An overloaded vessel will have too low a freeboard.

The deck will submerge with even a slight heel.

Overloading is a major cause of fishing vessels capsizing.

STABILITY

ANCHORS AND CABLE

The weight of anchor you need depends on the length, breadth and depth of the vessel.

THE WORLD'S LARGEST FISHING VESSEL The world's largest fishing vessel, the factory freezer ship

Lafayette, has turned up in Pacific waters east of Australia. The controversial 49,000-tonne Lafayette, and six attendant

trawlers, registered on satellite-tracking systems north-east of Norfolk Island on Friday.

Onboard the Lafayette, the fish are first deposited in one of 32 refrigerated primary holding tanks, each with a 10,000 cubic meters capacity. It can support much as 7000 tons of fish in freezing waters. From there, a vacuum pump sucks the fish from the holding tanks and dumps them on one of three large hoppers. These hoppers then lift the catch up onto a fish grading system.

TUNA

REPRESENTED BY :

Ahmed Taha