first bsc lab record
DESCRIPTION
lab recordTRANSCRIPT
VISITING CARD
Aim: Prepare a Visiting Card for a Managing Director for the Company KAL InfoTech
as per the following specifications. Size of the visiting Card 3.5” x 2” Name of the Company with a big font. Phone number and e-mail address with appropriate symbols Office and residence address separated by a line.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS Word Start Programs MS Word
Step 2: It opens the MS Word editor. Click on File menu and Select the page setup option.
Step 3: It opens the page setup dialog box. Change the left, right, top and bottom margins to 0.1”
Step 4: Select the Paper Size Tab and change the width, height to 3.5” X 2” respectively and select landscape option in orientation frame. Click OK.
Step 5: Start designing your Card.
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MAIL MERGE
Aim: Create an interview call letter as the main document and create 4 records for 4
persons. Use mail merge to create a common letter to all these four.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS Word Start Programs MS Word
Step 2: It opens the MS Word editor. Click on Tools and select Mail Merge Option.
Step3: It opens the mail merge helper wizard. Click on Create button and select form letters option. Specify the window in which it has to create the records.
Step 4: Click on Active Window.
Step 5: Click on Get Data button and select Create data Source option. It opens create data source window in which we select the fields required for our mail. Click on OK Button and provide the file name.
Step 6: Click on Edit Data Source It opens the Data Form window and we need to provide the details. Finally click on OK
Step 7: Write your letter.
Step 8: Click on Insert Merge field in the menu bar, to insert the fields in the To Address of your letter.
Step 9: Click on <<ABC>> Button to Merge the values.
Step 10:Click on Merge Button. It opens the Merge options. Select Merge and Click OK.
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Tirupati,28-09-2010.
FromS. Amar DeepM.D.Swiss Solutions Tirupati.
To«Firs tName»«Address2»«City»«PostalCode»
Sub: Interview Call Letter.
Dear Candidate,
This is to inform you that your name has been short listed for the post of
Programmer. Please attend the interview on 27-10-2010. Two copies of Biodata and all
the testimonials, along with a photo have to be carried.
Wishing for your best luck.
Yours truly,
Amar Deep
4
Tirupati,28-09-2010.
FromS. Amar DeepM.D.Swiss Solutions Tirupati.
ToKiran kumar11-12-13Tirupati517502
Sub: Interview Call Letter.
Dear Candidate,
This is to inform you that your name has been short listed for the post of
Programmer. Please attend the interview on 27-10-2010. Two copies of Biodata and all
the testimonials, along with a photo have to be carried.
Wishing for your best luck.
Yours truly,
Ajay kumar
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Tirupati,28-09-2010.
FromS. Amar DeepM.D.Swiss Solutions Tirupati.
ToGopal Bhushan Shinday123-45/678Chennai321654
Sub: Interview Call Letter.
Dear Candidate,
This is to inform you that your name has been short listed for the post of
Programmer. Please attend the interview on 27-10-2010. Two copies of Biodata and all
the testimonials, along with a photo have to be carried.
Wishing for your best luck.
Yours truly,
Amar Deep
1
Tirupati,28-09-2010.
FromS. Amar DeepM.D.Swiss Solutions Tirupati.
ToGopi JhunJhunwala12-23/A/B/CPatiyala789456
Sub: Interview Call Letter.
Dear Candidate,
This is to inform you that your name has been short listed for the post of
Programmer. Please attend the interview on 27-10-2010. Two copies of Biodata and all
the testimonials, along with a photo have to be carried.
Wishing for your best luck.
Yours truly,
Amar Deep
1
Tirupati,28-09-2010.
FromS. Amar DeepM.D.Swiss Solutions Tirupati.
ToGopi Mihir#452Tirupati789214
Sub: Interview Call Letter.
Dear Candidate,
This is to inform you that your name has been short listed for the post of Programmer.
Please attend the interview on 27-10-2010. Two copies of Biodata and all the testimonials, along with a
photo have to be carried.
Wishing for your best luck.
Yours truly,
Amar Deep
2
MACRO
Aim : Write a MACRO to format a document as given below.1. Line spacing 22. Paragraph indent of 0.103. Justification formatting Style4. Arial font of 15Pt Size.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS Word Start Programs MS Word
Step 2: It opens the MS Word editor. Click on Tools and select Macros submenu and select the Record New Macro option.
Step 3: It opens the record macro dialog box.
Step 4: Click on Key Board option. It opens the Customize keyboard window. Provide the Short cut key and click on Assign button. And Click on Close Button.
Step 5: Now the recording is got started.
Step 6: Select the format Menu and Click on Paragraph option and change the Line spacing to double.
Step 7: Select the indentation to 0.10
Step 8: Select Justify in Alignment and click on Ok.
Step 9: Chang the font to Arial and its size of 15Pt Size.
Step 10: Stop the Macro Recording.
Step 11: Press the Short cut Key to apply the macro that we have recorded.
3
TYPES OF SOFTWARESoftware is a set of electronic instructions that tells the computer how to do certain tasks. A set
of instructions is often called a program. When a computer is using a particular program, it is said to be running or executing the program.
The two most common types of programs are system software and application software.
System Software
System software exists primarily for the computer itself, to help the computer perform specific functions.
One major type of system software is the operating system (OS). All computers require an operating system. The OS tells the computer how to interact with the user and its own devices. Common operating systems include Windows, the Macintosh OS, OS/2, and UNIX .
When we turn on a computer, it goes several steps to prepare itself for use. The first step is called the power-on self test (POST). The computer identifies the devices attached to it, identifies the amount of memory available, and does a quick check to see whether the memory is functioning properly.
Application Software
Application software tells the computer how to accomplish tasks the user requires, such as creating a document or editing a graphic image.
Some important kinds of application software are:
Application software tells the computer how to accomplish tasks the user requires, such as creating a document or editing a graphic image.
Some important kinds of application software are: MS-OFFICE, TALLY, etc
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TYPES OF SOFTWARESoftware is a set of electronic instructions that tells the computer
how to do certain tasks. A set of instructions is often called a program. When a computer is using a particular program, it is said to be running or executing the program.
The two most common types of programs are system software and application software.System Software
System software exists primarily for the computer itself, to help the computer perform specific functions.
One major type of system software is the operating system (OS). All computers require an operating system. The OS tells the computer how to interact with the user and its own devices. Common operating systems include Windows, the Macintosh OS, OS/2, and UNIX .
When we turn on a computer, it goes several steps to prepare itself for use. The first step is called the power-on self test (POST). The computer identifies the devices attached to it, identifies the amount of memory available, and does a quick check to see whether the memory is functioning properly. Application Software
Application software tells the computer how to accomplish tasks the user requires, such as creating a document or editing a graphic image.
Some important kinds of application software are: Application software tells the computer how to accomplish tasks
the user requires, such as creating a document or editing a graphic image.
Some important kinds of application software are: MS-OFFICE, TALLY, etc
5
CONVERSIONS
Aim: To create an electronic spread sheet in which you enter the following Decimal numbers and convert them into Octal, Hexa decimal and Binary numbers vice versa.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS ExcelStart Programs MS Excel
Step 2: Select Add-ins from tools menu and select the analysis toolpack check box.
Step 3: Give the necessary headings like Decimal, Binary, Octal, Hexa Decimal in the first row.
Step 4: Give the Decimal number in the Decimal heading column.
Step 5: Go to Binary column and give the formula as =dec2bin (cell address).
Step 6: Go to Octal column and give the formula as =dec2oct (cell address).
Step 7: Go to Hexa decimal column and give the formula as = dec2hex (cell address).
Step 8: Give the necessary heading in the row like Binary, Decimal, Octal and Hexa.
Step 9: Give the Binary numbers in Binary heading column.
Step 10: Go to Decimal column and given the formula as =bin2dec (cell address).
Step 11: Go to Octal column and give the formula as =bin2oct (cell address).
Step 12: Go to Hexa decimal and given the formula as =bin2hex (cell address).
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CONVERTING FROM DEC TO BIN,OCT AND HEXADECIMAL
DECIMAL BINARY OCTAL HEXADECIMAL35 100011 43 2368 1000100 104 4495 1011111 137 5F165 10100101 245 A5225 11100001 341 E1355 101100011 543 163375 101110111 567 177465 111010001 721 1D1
CONVERTING FROM BIN TO DEC,OCT AND HEXADECIMAL
BINARY DECIMAL OCTAL HEXADECIMAL
101 5 5 51101 13 15 D111011 59 73 3B10001 17 21 11110011001 409 631 199111011111 479 737 1DF
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STUDENT RESULT
Aim: Create a Suitable examination database and find the sum of the marks of each student and the
respective class secured by the student.
Pass – 35% Distinction – 75% First class – 60% Second Class – 50% Third Class – 35%
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS ExcelStart Programs MS Excel
Step 2: Provide the Necessary data.
Step 3: In the Total Field for the First Record Write the following formula.=D4+E4+F4
Step 4: Drag it up to the end of this column.
Step 5: In the Average Field for the First Record Write the following formula.=G4/3
Step 6: Drag it up to the end of this column.
Step 7: In the Result Field for the First Record Write the following formula.=IF(AND(D4>=35,E4>=35,F4>=35),"Pass","Fail")
Step 8: Drag it up to the end of this column.
Step 9: In the Class Field for the First Record Write the following formula.=IF(AND(I4="Pass",H4>=75),"Distinction",IF(AND(I4="Pass",H4<75,H4>=60),"First Class",IF(AND(I4="Pass",H4<60,H4>=50),"Second Class",IF(AND(I4="Pass",H4<50,H4>=35),"Third Class","Fail"))))
Step 10: Drag it up to the end of this column.
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STUDENT DETAILS
Sno Sname Sub1 Sub2 Sub3 Total Average Result Class
1001 Arun. K 100 100 100 300 100.00 Pass Distinction
1002 Murali. R 89 98 98 285 95.00 Pass Distinction
1003 Vani. M 45 54 45 144 48.00 Pass Third Class
1004 Latha. T 78 68 56 202 67.33 Pass First Class
1005 Rajesh. L 35 34 35 104 34.67 Fail Fail
1006 Suresh. B 47 48 49 144 48.00 Pass Third Class
1007 Samad. A 12 13 14 39 13.00 Fail Fail
1008 Kiran. D 80 79 78 237 79.00 Pass Distinction
1009 Gopi. N 15 25 35 75 25.00 Fail Fail
1010 Rammurty. S 35 38 37 110 36.67 Pass Third Class
9
PRODUCT CHART
Aim:The KAL InfoTech company shows the sales of Different products for 5 years. Create Bargraph,
3D and Pie Charts for the following.
Year Product1 Product2 Product3 Product41989 1000 800 900 10001990 8000 80 500 9001991 1200 190 400 8001992 400 200 300 10001993 1800 400 400 1200
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS ExcelStart Programs MS Excel
Step 2: Provide the Necessary data.
Step 3: Select the data and click on Charts wizard.
Step 4: It opens the charts wizard and you select the Column Option and click the next button.
Step 5: In the next window click on the next button.
Step 6: In the next window Provide the Chart title as KAL InfoTech Sales Chart
Step 7: In the X Axis provide the title as Year
Step 8: In the Y Axis provide the title as Sales and click on next button and to conclude the finish Finish.
Step 9: Resize the chart according to the need.
Step 10: The same procedure to be repeated for the 3D and Pie Graphs.
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Bar Chart
3D Chart
PIE Chart
11
DEPARTMENT PRESENTATION
Aim: Prepare a Presentation about your Department using MS- PowerPoint.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS PowerPoint. Start → Programs → MS PowerPoint.
Step 2: In Slide 1 Give the Title of the Slide as Department of Computer Science.
Step 3: In Slide 2 Give the title as Origin and provide the origin information.
Step 4: In Slides 3 & 4 Give the title as Growth and provide the information about the departments Growth.
Step 5: In Slide 5 Give the title as Courses and provide necessary information.
Step 6: In Slide 6 & 7 give the Titles as B.Sc, B.Com and B.A and provide its information.
Step 7: In the slide 8 Give the title as Resources and provide the necessary information.
Step 8: In the Slide 9, 10 & 11 provide the titles Teaching, Learning and Evaluations and provide the Necessary information.
Step 9: In Slide 12 & 13 give the title as Infrastructure & Learning Resources and provide the necessary Necessary.
Step 10: Save the presentation.
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ANDHRA BANK PRESENTATION
Aim: Prepare a Presentation about Andhra Bank using MS- PowerPoint.
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS PowerPoint.Start → Programs → MS PowerPoint.
Step 2: In Slide 1 Give the Title of the Slide as Andhra Bank.
Step 3: In Slide 2 Give the title as Establishment and provide the establishment information.
Step 4:In Slides 3 Give the title as Types of Transactions and provide the information about the transactions.
Step 5: In Slide 4 Give the title as Savings and provide necessary information.
Step 6: In Slide 5 give the Title as Insurance Opportunities and provide its information.
Step 7: In the slide 6 Give the title as Mediclime and provide the necessary information.
Step 8: In the Slide 7 provide the title Rules and Regulations and provide the necessary information.
Step 9: In Slide 8 give the title as Policies and Shares and provide the necessary information.
Step 10: In Slide 9 give the title as ATM and provide the necessary information.
Step 11: In Slide 10 give the title as New Plans and provide the necessary information.
Step 12: In Slide 11 give the title as Conclusion and conclude the presentation by providing necessary information and save the presentation.
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STUDENT DETAILS USING QUERIES
Aim: Create a database called Student using MS ACCESS with at least 10 records.
Student MarksField Name Data Type Field Name Data Typeregno Number regno Numbername Text M1 NumberDob Date M2 NumberGender Text M3 NumberClass Text M4 Number
M5 Number
Procedure:
Step 1: Start MS ACCESS. Start → Programs → MS ACCESS.
Step 2: Click on the Blank ACCESS Data base and select OK
Step 3: Provide the Database name as Student and click on Create
Step 4: It opens the Student Database window.
Step 5: In Objects frame select the Create Table in Design view option.
Step 6: It opens the table window. Here provide the field names of the student table along with data types.
Step 7: Right click on regno Field and Select the Primary key option.
Step 8: Save the table and give the name as Student.
Step 9: Repeat the steps 5, 6 and Step 8 to create the Marks table with the given fields Except Step 7.
Step 10: Click on Queries option in the objects frame and select create query in design view option.
Step 11: It opens the show table window.
Step 12: Select the table Student and click on Add button, Select the Marks table and click on Add Button. Finally click on Close button.
Step 13: Drag and drop all the required fields from the available tables to the frame given below.
Step 14: In the total field write the following formula Total : [M1]+ [M2]+ [M3]+ [M4]+ [M5]
Step 15: Save and give the name as Student query. Close the window.
Step 16: Double Click on the Student query.
Step 17: Save and close.
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Table data
Query1 displaying regno, name, gender, total marks
22
STUDENT DETAILS USING REPORTS
Aim: Create a report called Student using MS ACCESS with at least 10 records.
Student MarksField Name Data Type Field Name Data Typeregno Number regno Numbername Text M1 NumberDob Date M2 NumberGender Text M3 NumberClass Text M4 Number
M5 Number
Procedure :
Step 1: Start MS ACCESS. Start → Programs → MS ACCESS.
Step 2: Click on the Open existing ACCESS Database and select Student and click OK.
Step 3: It opens the student database.
Step 4: Select Reports option in the objects frame and click on Create report by using Wizard option.
Step 5: Select the required fields from the different tables and queries available in the Table/queries option.
Step 6: It asks for the creation of the relation again. [If necessary] Provide the relation again and click and close the window.
Step 7: It continues with reports wizard.
Step 8: Select by marks option in how do you want to view your data frame and click on Next button.
Step 9: Click on next button again.
Step 10: Select Sno to as the sorting order and click on Next button.
Step 11: Select the layout and orientation as tabular and portrait and click on next button.
Step 12: Select the report style as Bold. And click on next button.
Step 13: Finally type the title of the report and click on Finish button.
Step 14: Save and give the name of the report and close the window.
Step 15: Double click on the report to execute the report.
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Report 1 with Reg no, name, marks of all subjects and total
24
PRIME NUMBER or NOT
Aim :To find that whether the given number is Prime number or Not.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: k0Step 3: Read numStep 4: For i1 repeat until (i<=num) Step 4.1: If (num%i)=0 kk+1 Step 4.2: ii+1Step 5: If (k=2) then Write “ number is Prime ” Otherwise, Write “ number is Not Prime”Step 6: Stop.
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Flow Chart :
False True True
False True False True
False
Start
Readmy name is
t.pts.v.arts college
suresh
num
k 0
(num%i=0)
k k+1
If (k = 2)
Write“Prime Num”
Write“Not
Prime”
StopStart
For i 1 to num
i i+1
26
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ int num,k=0,i; clrscr(); printf("\n Enter any number : "); scanf("%d",&num); for(i=1;i<=num;i++) {
if((num%i)==0) k++;
} if(k= =2) printf("\n Number %d is PRIME",num); else printf("\n Number %d is NOT PRIME",num); getch();}
Output :
Enter any number : 7
Number 7 is PRIME
Enter any number : 4
Number 4 is NOT PRIME
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REVERSE OF A NUMBER
Aim :To find the Reverse of a given number.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: rev0Step 3: Read nStep 4: numnStep 4: repeat until (num>0) Step 4.1: dignum%10 Step 4.2: revrev*10+dig Step 4.3: numnum/10Step 5: Write “reverse of the number is”, revStep 6: Stop.
28
Flow Chart :
False True
Start
Readn
rev 0
is num>0?
Write“reverse”,
rev
StopStart
num n
dig num%10rev rev*10+dignum num/10
29
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ int n,num,dig,rev=0; clrscr(); printf("\n Enter any number : "); scanf("%d",&n); num=n; while(num>0) {
dig=num%10; rev=rev*10+dig; num=num/10;
} printf("\n Reverse of the given %d is :: %d",n,rev); getch();
}
Output :
Enter any number : 123
Reverse of the given 123 is :: 321
30
ARMSTRONG NUMBER or NOT
Aim :To find that whether the given number is Armstrong or Not.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: sum0Step 3: Read numStep 4: dupnumStep 4: repeat until (num>0) Step 4.1: dignum%10 Step 4.2: sumsum+(dig*dig*dig) Step 4.3: numnum/10Step 5: If (dup=sum) then Write “ number is Armstrong ” Otherwise, Write “ number is Not Armstrong”Step 6: Stop.
31
Flow Chart :
False True
False True
Source Code :
Start
Readnum
sum 0
(num>0)
dup = sum
Write“Armstron
g”
Write “Not
Armstrong”
StopStart
dup num
dig num%10sum sum+dig*dig*dignum num/10
32
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ int num,dig,dup,sum=0; clrscr(); printf("\n Enter any number : "); scanf("%d",&num); dup=num; while(num>0) {
dig=num%10; sum=sum+dig*dig*dig; num=num/10;
} if(dup= =sum)
printf("\n %d is an ARMSTRONG",dup); else
printf("\n %d is NOT ARMSTRONG",dup); getch();}
Output :
Enter any number : 320
320 is NOT ARMSTRONG
Enter any number : 153
153 is an ARMSTRONG
FACTORIAL OF A NUMBER USING RECURSION
33
Aim :To find the Factorial of a given number using Recursion.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read numStep 3: write “Factorial is “, call (factorial (num))Step 4: Stop
Algorithm for factorial Function :
Step 1: StartStep 2: if (n=1) then, return 1 otherwise, Step 2.1: factn*call(factorial(n-1)) Step 2.2: return fact
Flow Chart :
34
factorial
Flow chart for factorial Function :
False True
Start
Readnum
WriteFactorial(num
)
Stop
Factorial(num)
Start
If (n=1)
Return (1)
Return (fact)
Fact n*factorial(n-1)
35
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ int num; clrscr(); printf("\n Enter any number : "); scanf("%d",&num); printf("\n Factorial of %d is :: %d",num,factorial(num)); getch();}factorial(int n){ int fact; if(n==1) return(1); else fact=n*factorial(n-1); return(fact);}
Output :
Enter any number : 6
Factorial of 6 is :: 720
36
FUNCTION PROTOTYPE
Aim :To find the Square of a given number using Function Prototype.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read aStep 3: bcall(square(a))Step 4: write bStep 5: Stop.
Algorithm for square Function :
Step 1: StartStep 2: y(x*x)Step 3: return y
37
Flow Chart :
Flow chart for square Function :
Start
y x*x
Return (y)
Start
Reada
Writeb
Stop
b square(a)
38
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ float a,b; float square(float); clrscr(); printf("\n Enter any number :"); scanf("%f",&a); b=square(a); printf("\n square of %.2f is %.2f",a,b); getch();}
float square(float x){ float y; y=x*x; return(y);}
Output :
Enter any number : 5
Square of 5.00 is 25.00
FUNCTION – CALL BY REFERENCE
39
Aim : Program to explain about the function using Call by Reference.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: a20, b15Step 3: write a, bStep 4: call fun(a,b)Step 5: write a,bStep 6: Stop
Algorithm for fun Function :
Step 1: StartStep 2: x30, y10Step 3: return
Flow Chart :
40
Flow chart for square Function :
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>
Start
x 30, y 10
Return
Start
Writea, b
Writea, b
Stop
Fun (&a, &b)
a 20, b 15
41
#include<conio.h>void main(){ Void fun(int *,int *); int a=20,b=15; printf("\n Before calling function \n"); printf("a = %d \t b = %d",a,b); fun(&a,&b); printf("\n After calling function \n"); printf("a = %d \t b= %d",a,b); getch();}void fun(int *x,int *y){ *x=30; *y=10;}
Output :
Before calling function
a = 20 b = 15
After calling function
a = 30 b= 10
SORTING USING ARRAYS
42
Aim : Program for Sorting an array elements.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read nStep 3: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 3.1: Read a[i] Step 3.2: ii+1Step 4: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 4.1: for j(i+1) repeat until (j<n) Step 4.1.1: if (a[i]>a[j] ) then Step 4.1.1.1: tempa[i] Step 4.1.1.2: a[i]a[j] Step 4.1.1.3: a[j]temp Step 4.1.2: jj+1 Step 4.2: ii+1Step 5: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 5.1: Write a[i] Step 5.2: ii+1Step 6: Stop
Flow Chart :
43
True
False
False True
True False True
FalseFalse
True
Source Code :
i i+1
Start
Read a[i]
For i 0 to (i<n)
For j (i+1) to (j<n)
If a[i]>a[j]
temp a[i]a[i] a[j]a[j] temp
j j+1
Read n
For i 0 to (i<n)
i i+1
For i 0 to (i<n)
write a[i]
i i+1
Stop
44
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ int a[20],n,i,j,temp; clrscr(); printf("\n Enter array size : "); scanf("%d",&n); printf("\n Enter array elements : "); for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",&a[i]); for(i=0;i<n;i++) {
for(j=(i+1);j<n;j++){ if(a[i]>a[j]) {
temp=a[i];a[i]=a[j];a[j]=temp;
}}
} printf("\n\n Sorted array elements are : \t\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%5d",a[i]); getch();}
Output :
Enter array size : 5
Enter array elements : 126539
Sorted array elements are :
3 5 6 9 12
MATRIX MULTIPLICATION
45
Aim : Write a program to perform Matrix Multiplication.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read m,nStep 3: if (n!=m) then Step 3.1: write “multiplication is not possible” Step 3.2: goto Step 8Step 4: for i0 repeat until (i<m) Step 4.1: for j0 repeat until (j<n) Step 4.1.1: read a[i][j] Step 4.1.2: jj+1 Step 4.2: ii+1Step 5: for i0 repeat until (i<m) Step 5.1: for j0 repeat until (j<n) Step 5.1.1: read b[i][j] Step 5.1.2: jj+1 Step 5.2: ii+1Step 6: for i0 repeat until (i<m) Step 6.1: for j0 repeat until (j<n) Step 6.1.1: c[i][j]0 Step 6.1.2: for k0 repeat until (k<n) Step 6.1.2.1: c[i][j]c[i][j]+(a[i][k]*b[k][j]) Step 6.1.2.2: kk+1 Step 6.1.3: jj+1 Step 6.2: ii+1Step 7: for i0 repeat until (i<m) Step 7.1: for j0 repeat until (j<n) Step 7.1.1: write c[i][j] Step 7.1.2: jj+1 Step 7.2: ii+1Step 8: Stop.
Flow Chart :Start
46
False True True
TrueFalse
FalseTrue
True
False
True
False
True
False False True
Read a[i][j]
Read m,n
For i 0 to (i<m)
j j+1
If (n!=m)Write
“Not possible”
For j 0 to (j<n)
Read b[i][j]
For i 0 to (i<m)
j j+1
For j 0 to (j<n)i i+1
i i+1
For i 0 to (i<m)
For j 0 to (j<n)
c[i][j] 0
For k 0 to (k<n)
c[i][j] c[i][j]+(a[i][k]*b[k][j])k k+1
i i+1
j j+1
A
47
False
TrueTrue
False
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ int a[20][20],b[20][20],c[20][20],m,n,i,j,k; clrscr(); printf("enter the order of first matrix\n"); scanf("%d%d",&m,&n); if(n!=m) { printf("\n Multiplication is not possible"); goto end; } printf("enter first matrix\n"); for(i=0;i<m;i++) for(j=0;j<n;j++) { printf("\n Enter a[%d][%d] elements\n",i,j);
Writec[i][j]
For i 0 to (i<m)
j j+1
For j 0 to (j<n)
i i+1
Stop
A
48
scanf("%d",&a[i][j]); } printf("enter second matrix\n"); for(i=0;i<m;i++) for(j=0;j<n;j++) { printf("\nEnter a[%d][%d] elements\n",i,j); scanf("%d",&b[i][j]); } for(i=0;i<m;i++) { for(j=0;j<n;j++) { c[i][j]=0; for(k=0;k<n;k++) c[i][j]=c[i][j]+(a[i][k]*b[k][j]); } } printf(“\n Multiplication Matrix is :: \n”); for(i=0;i<m;i++) { for(j=0;j<n;j++) { printf("%d\t",c[i][j]); } printf("\n"); }end: getch();}
Output :
Enter the order of first matrix22
Enter first matrix
Enter a[1][1] elements2
Enter a[1][2] elements2
Enter a[2][1] elements2
Enter a[2][2] elements2
Enter second matrix
Enter a[1][1] elements2
Enter a[1][2] elements2
Enter a[2][1] elements2
Enter a[2][2] elements2
49
Multiplication Matrix is ::
8 88 8
STRING LENGTH
Aim : To find the Length of the String using and Without using the String function.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: cnt0Step 3: read strStep 4: lenstrlen(str)Step 5: write lenStep 6: for i0 repeat until str[i]!=’\0’ Step 6.1: cntcnt+1 Step 6.2: ii+1Step 7: write cntStep 8: Stop
50
Flow Chart :
True True
False
Start
Read str
For i 0 to (str[i]!=’\0’)
i i+1
cnt 0
len strlen(str)
write len
cnt cnt+1
Writecnt
Stop
51
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>main(){ char str[30]; int len,i,cnt=0; clrscr(); printf("Enter the string :: \n"); gets(str); len=strlen(str); printf("\nUSING FUNCTIONS\n"); printf("The length of the string is : %d\n\n",len); printf("WITH OUT USING FUNCTIONS\n"); for(i=0;str[i]!='\0';i++) cnt++; printf("Number of characters is : %d",cnt); getch();}
Output :
Enter the string ::Arts College
USING FUNCTIONSThe length of the string is : 21
WITH OUT USING FUNCTIONSNumber of characters is : 12
52
COMPARISION OF STRINGS
Aim :To write a program to Compare two strings without using string function.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read str1,str2Step 3: for i0 repeat until (str2[i]!=’\0’) Step 3.1: if (str1[i]=str2[i]) then, ii+1 otherwise, Step 3.1: write “strings are Not Equal” Step 3.2: goto step 5 Step 4: write “strings are Equal”Step 5: Stop.
53
Flow Chart :
False True
False
True
Start
Read Str1, str2
For i 0 to (str2[i]!=’\0’)
If str1[i]=str2[i]
i i+1
write“not equal”
write“equal
”
Stop
54
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>#include<string.h>void main(){ char str1[30],str2[30]; int i; printf("\n Enter first string : "); gets(str1); printf("\n Enter second string : "); gets(str2); for(i=0;str2[i]!='\0'; ) {
if(str1[i]==str2[i]) i++; else { printf("\n Strings are Not equal"); exit(); }
} printf("\n Strings are Equal");}
Output :
Enter first string : computer
Enter second string : comptter
Strings are Not equal
Enter first string : this is
Enter second string : this is
Strings are Equal
55
EMPLOYEE - STRUCTURE
Aim :To write a program to create employee details using structure.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read nStep 3: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 3.1: read emp[i].eno, emp[i].name, emp[i].age Step 3.2: ii+1Step 4: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 4.1: write emp[i].eno, emp[i].name, emp[i].age Step 4.2: ii+1Step 5: Stop.
56
Flow Chart :
False True
False
True
Start
Read n
For i 0 to (i<n)
i i+1
Read emp[i].eno, emp[i].nameemp[i].age
For i 0 to (i<n)
i i+1
Writeemp[i].eno, emp[i].nameemp[i].age
Stop
57
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>struct employee{ int eno; char name[20]; int age;};
main(){ struct employee emp[10]; int n,i; clrscr(); printf("\n Enter the number of employee: "); scanf("%d",&n); for(i=0;i<n;i++) { printf("\n enter empno,empname,age for employee %d\n",i); scanf("%d%s%d",&emp[i].eno,emp[i].name,&emp[i].age); } printf("\n the company's employee profile is as follows:\n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++) { printf("\n employee %d's data\n %d\t%s\t%d\n",i,emp[i].eno,emp[i].name,emp[i].age); }getch();}
58
Output :
Enter the number of employee: 2enter empno,empname,age for employee 1101raju34
enter empno,empname,age for employee 2102ramu35
The company's employee profile is as follows:
employee 1's data 101 raju 34
employee 2's data 102 ramu 35
59
ARRAY ELEMENTS USING POINTERS
Aim :To write a program to access the array elements through pointer.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: paStep 3: read nStep 4: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 4.1: read (p+i) Step 4.2: ii+1Step 5: for i0 repeat until (i<n) Step 5.1: write *(p+i) Step 5.2: ii+1Step 6: Stop
60
Flow Chart :
False True
True
False
Start
Read n
p a
Read p+i
For i 0 to (i<n)
i i+1For i 0 to (i<n)
Write*(p+i)
i i+1
Stop
61
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>void main(){ int a[20],i,*p,n; p=a; printf("\n Enter array size : "); scanf("%d",&n); printf("Enter array elements : \n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++)
scanf("%d",p+i); printf("\n\n Array elements are : \n"); for(i=0;i<n;i++)
printf("%d\t",*(p+i));}
Output :
Enter array size : 5Enter array elements :6532102089
Array elements are :65 32 10 20 89
62
STRUCTURE ELEMENTS USING POINTERS
Aim :To write a program to access the structure elements through pointer.
Algorithm :
Step 1: StartStep 2: read stuname,sturollno,stum1,stum2,stum3Step 3: stutotstum1+stum2+stum3Step 4: stuavgstutot/3Step 5: write stuname,sturollno,stutot,stuavgStep 6: Stop
63
Flow Chart :
Start
Read stuname,sturolln
ostum1,stum2
stum3
stutot stum1+stum2+stum3
stuavgstutot/3
writestuname,sturolln
ostutot,stuavg
Stop
64
Source Code :
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>struct student{ char name[30]; int rollno,m1,m2,m3,tot; float avg;};void main(){ struct student *stu; printf("\n Enter student record as name,rollno & 3 sub marks : "); gets(stu->name); scanf("%d%d%d%d",&stu->rollno,&stu->m1,&stu->m2,&stu->m3); stu->tot=stu->m1+stu->m2+stu->m3; stu->avg=stu->tot/3; printf("\n\n The student record is :: \n"); printf("\n Name = "); puts(stu->name); printf("Rollno = %d\ntotal = %d\nAverage = %f",stu->rollno,stu->tot,stu->avg); getch();}
Output :
Enter student record as name,rollno & 3 sub marks : anusha11242523
The student record is ::
Name = anushaRollno = 11total = 72Average = 4.000000
65
FILES
Aim :
66
67
#include<stdio.h>#include<conio.h>main(){ FILE *f1,*f2,*f3; int i,n; clrscr(); f1=fopen("Input","w"); printf("\n Enter the contents of a file\n"); for(i=1;i<=10;i++) { scanf("%d",&n); putw(n,f1); } fclose(f1); f1=fopen("Input","r"); f2=fopen("Even","w"); f3=fopen("Odd","w"); while((n=getw(f1))!=EOF) { if((n%2)==0) putw(n,f2); else putw(n,f3); } fclose(f1); fclose(f2); fclose(f3); f1=fopen("Input","r"); printf("\nContents of first file \n"); while((n=getw(f1))!=EOF) { printf("%d\t",n); } fclose(f1); f2=fopen("Even","r"); printf("\n Contents of even file\n"); while((n=getw(f2))!=EOF) { printf("%d\t",n); } fclose(f2);
68
f3=fopen("Odd","r"); printf("\nContents of oddfile \n"); while((n=getw(f3))!=EOF) { printf("%d\t",n); } fclose(f3); getch(); }
Enter the contents of a file1243678538956
Contents of first file12 4 3 6 78 5 3 8 9 56
Contents of even file12 4 6 78 8 56Contents of oddfile3 5 3 9
69