first aid pages 341-342. minor injuries muscle cramp sudden and sometimes painful contractions of...
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FIRST AID
• PAGES 341-342
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Minor
Injuries
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Muscle Cramp• Sudden and sometimes painful
contractions of the muscles• Occur when muscles are:
– Tired– Overworked– Dehydrated
• Treatment – Stretch and massage– Drink water
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Strain
• Injury to a muscle or tendon• Tendons attach muscles to bones
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Sprain
• Injury to a ligament• Ligaments attach bones to bones
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Treatment for minor injuries
• (Protect from further injury)• R.I.C.E.• REST• ICE – 20 minutes on, 20 minutes off• COMPRESSION• ELEVATION
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Tendonitis
• Tendons are inflamed or swollen• Ice and rest
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Major Injuries
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Fractures
• Break in the bone• Closed fracture (simple) – bone
stays in the skin• Open fracture (compound) - bone
breaks through the skin.
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Dislocation
• Separation of the bone from the joint• **Do not try to put back into place**
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Treatment for fractures and dislocation
• Immobilize • Call 911 or go to ER
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Concussion
• Results from a blow to the head• Can cause swelling of the brain• Warning signs include:
– Headache– Vomiting– Dizziness– Loss of memory
• Seek medical help immediately
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