fire safety & fire extinguisher use - ncdot risk... · 2019-03-07 · fire extinguisher types...
TRANSCRIPT
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Fire Safety &
Fire Extinguisher Use
Michael Heminuk, CSP, AOES
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Learning Objectives
Understand the combustion process and different fire classes
Recognize fire extinguisher types and operating procedures
Demonstrate basic firefighting concepts and techniques.
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The Combustion Process
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The Combustion Process
The three components needed to support combustion:
•O2
•Heat
•Fuel.
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The Combustion Process (cont.)
Need all three components to maintain combustion
Fire extinguishers remove one or more of the components.
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Types Of Fires
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Class A: Leaves Ash
Paper
Cloth
Trash
Wood
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Class B: Combustible Liquids
Grease
Gasoline
Oil
Other solvents
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Class C: Electrical
Energized electrical equipment:
Computers
Fax machines
Copiers
Cell Phones
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Fundamentals of Extinguishers
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Fire Extinguisher Anatomy
DISCHARGE HOSE
DISCHARGE NOZZLE
DISCHARGE ORIFICE
BODY
DATA PLATE
CARRYING
HANDLE
PRESSURE GAUGE
(not found on CO2
extinguishers)
DISCHARGE LEVER
DISCHARGE LOCKING PIN
AND SEAL
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Fire Extinguisher Types
Class “A” fires only
Travel distance of 75 feet or less
Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check
30-40 ft. maximum effective range
Can be started and stopped as necessary
Extinguishes by cooling burning material below the ignition point.
PRESSURIZED WATERA Trash Wood Paper
B Liquids Grease
C Electrical Equipment
A Trash Wood Paper
B Liquids Grease
C Electrical Equipment
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Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.)
Class “B” or “C” fires
Travel distance of 50 feet or less
8-30 seconds discharge time
Has NO pressure gauge--capacity verified by weight
3-8 ft. maximum effective range
Extinguishes by smothering burning materials.
CARBON DIOXIDE (CO2)A Trash Wood Paper
B Liquids Grease
C Electrical Equipment
A Trash Wood Paper
B Liquids Grease
C Electrical Equipment
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Fire Extinguisher Types (cont.)
Class “A”, “B”, or “C” fires
These fire extinguishers are deployed on the basis of the appropriate pattern for existing Class A or Class B hazards
8-25 seconds discharge time
Has pressure gauge to allow visual capacity check
5-20 ft. maximum effective range
Extinguishes by smothering burning materials.
MULTIPURPOSE DRY CHEMICALA Trash Wood Paper
B Liquids Grease
C Electrical Equipment
A Trash Wood Paper
B Liquids Grease
C Electrical Equipment
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Fire Extinguisher Summary
EXTINGUISHER TYPE WORKS BY EFFECTIVE AGAINST
PRESSURIZED
WATER
CARBON DIOXIDE
MULTIPURPOSE
DRY CHEMICAL
COOLING
SMOTHERING
SMOTHERING
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Basic Firefighting
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Firefighting Criteria
Know emergency procedures
Know evacuation routes
Know locations of extinguishers in your area and how to use them
Always sound the alarm (regardless of fire size)
Avoid smoky conditions
Ensure area gets evacuated
Then…
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Only attempt to fight a fire when:
The alarm has been sounded
The scene is safe! (meaning you can escape without exposure to the fire and you will not be harmed by the environment)
The fire is small and contained (incipient stage)
Available extinguishers are rated for size and type of fire
If in doubt, evacuate!
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How do you know if a fire is too big
to fight?
Extinguisher designation will tell you how much extinguisher you have
Example: 4A50BC
For Class A, 1 = 1.25 gallons of water equivalent
For Class BC, 1 = 1 square foot.
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Fighting the Fire
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Summary & Quiz
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Summary
Combustion Process (Fire Triangle)
Class A, B & C fires
Types of portable fire extinguishers:
Operating procedures
Capabilities and limitations
Basic firefighting concepts.
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Quiz Question 1
Fire extinguishers marked with an “A” are used on:
A) Oil fires
B) Electrical fires
C) Paper material fires
D) None of the above
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Quiz Question 2
Fire extinguishers marked with a “B” can be used on:
A) Paper, trash
B) Oil or Grease
C) Electrical
D) B & C above
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Quiz Question 3
Fire extinguishers marked “ABC” should be used on:
A) Wood, Paper
B) Electrical
C) Liquids and grease
D) All of the above
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Questions or Comments