final report - nakai nam theun surveys

7/31/2019 Final Report - Nakai Nam Theun Surveys

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/final-report-nakai-nam-theun-surveys 1/194

!"#$#"%&'()*+&,('

"-'-./."0-.1'

23&)-'-4.'

'

567705675'

8.1"##&'-9':9'8;)$*.2'



!"#"$%&'(#)$*+,-)(*#'

!

"#!$%&'!()!*+!,-.!&/#/%&0-!'-&(12-!34)(&5!6&((7/#!89:;/&#:'+<!=!0(9510'/5!:9!>?@@A

>?@>!B:C5C:)/! #1&;/+#! ;:%! '&%9#/0'! B%C7#! )(01##:92! (9! 5:1&9%C! $&:*%'/#<! DC%07A2:%9'!

#E1:&&/C#! %95! -(&9D:CC! #$/0:/#F! G-&/%'#! %95! ;/2/'%':(9! 0-%&%0'/&:#':0#! B/&/! %C#(!

&/0(&5/5!%'!%CC! #:'/#!;:#:'/5F!3;/&! '-/! #'15+!$/&:(5<! %! '('%C!()!@?!&/#/%&0-!#:'/#!B/&/!

;:#:'/5!HI:21&/!@JF!")'/&!/%0-!):/C5!'&:$<!%!&/$(&'!B%#!B&:''/9F!G-:#!5(01*/9'!0(*D:9/#!

%CC!'-/!&/$(&'#!'(2/'-/&F!

!

'

./0123'4K!G/9!&/#/%&0-!#:'/#!;:#:'/5!:9!L%7%:AL%*!G-/19!L,"!D/'B//9!>?@@!

%95!>?@>'

'

'

-*#)"#)'

G-/!5(01*/9'!0(*D:9/#!%CC!'-/!)(CC(B:92!&/$(&'#!)(&!/%0-!()!'-/!@?!%&/%#K!

• M/$(&'!)(&!H@J!L%*!N-%/!%&/%!O!P%91%&+!>?@@!

• M/$(&'!)(&!H>J!6%9!Q/17!%95!HRJ!S%7%!%&/%!O!I/D&1%&+<!S%&0-!>?@@!



• !"#$%&'($%')*+',$-.'/"&'0%"0'1'2345'6788'

• !"#$%&'($%')9+':;0<="3&'0%"0'1'>"#&"<?"%'6788'

• !"#$%&'($%')@+'A0<'B-'0%"0'1'BC&$?"%'6788'

• !"#$%&'($%'D$305'>0-0#'&$'E0-'F0=(3"-.'*GH05'I3%J"5'&$3%'1'20-30%5'6786'

• !"#$%&'($%')K+'3##"%'A0<',;"3-'1'20-30%5'6786'

• !"#$%&'($%')L+'D$305',$-.'0%"0'1'M"?%30%5'6786'

• !"#$%&'($%')N+',$-.=0C;"-.'0-H')87+'3##"%'A0<'F$-'0%"0I'1'F0%C;O'P#%Q4'6786'

'

!"#$%&'()*(+($,-.

R%Q$%' #"%<QIIQ$-' &$' C$-H3C&' &;"' %"I"0%C;' S0I' $?&0Q-"H' ($%' &;"' T"#0%&<"-&' $('

P.%QC34&3%"'0-H'M$%"I&%5'$('&;"'U$J"%-<"-&'$('V0$IW''

'

X' 0<' .%0&"(34' &$' &;"'Y0&"%I;"H'F0-0."<"-&' 0-H' R%$&"C&Q$-' P3&;$%Q&5' )YFRP+' ($%'

.%0-&Q-.'#"%<QIIQ$-'0-H'(0CQ4Q&0&Q-.'<5'%"I"0%C;'Q-'A0=0QGA0<',;"3-'ARPW'X'S$34H'4Q="'

&$' "Z#%"II' <5' .%0&Q&3H"' Q-' #0%&QC340%' &$' F%W' [;0-&;040#;$-"' A0-&;0J$-.O' ;"0H' $('

EQ$HQJ"%IQ&5'!"I"0%C;'>"C&Q$-'0&'YFRPO'S;$'0IIQI&"H'<"'H3%Q-.'&;"'S;$4"'%"I"0%C;W'

A$-"' $(' &;"' %"I"0%C;'S$34H';0J"' ?""-' #$IIQ?4"' SQ&;$3&' ;QI' ;0%H' S$%=' 0-H' "-H4"II'

"-&;3IQ0I<W'

'

,;0-=' 5$3' &$' &;"' A0&Q$-04' \-QJ"%IQ&5' $(' V0$I' ($%' C$440?$%0&Q-.' 0-H' (0CQ4Q&0&Q-.'

0H<Q-QI&%0&QJ"'#%$C"IIW'

'

X' &;0-=' &;"' ($44$SQ-.' (3-H"%I' ($%' (Q-0-CQ0445' I3##$%&Q-.' &;"' %"I"0%C;]' R%Q<0&"'

[$-I"%J0&Q$-'X-CWO'F$;0<"H'E"-'^05"H'>#"CQ"I'[$-I"%J0&Q$-'M3-HO'P<"%QC0-'>$CQ"&5'

$('R%Q<0&$4$.QI&IO'X-&"%-0&Q$-04'R%Q<0&$4$.5' >$CQ"&5O'R%Q<0&"'>$CQ"&5'$('U%"0&'E%Q&0Q-O'XH"0'YQ4HO'VQ$->;0%"'^$$4$.QC04'>$CQ"&5O'[$-I"%J0&Q$-' X-&"%-0&Q$-04')&;%$3.;'R%Q<0&"'

PC&Q$-'M3-H+W'



!

!

!

!

"#$%"&!'"%(!')#*+!&")$!&%!,-(!./-#!.*01&#"2!,-3-)!

,-(!&/#0,!,-&)%,-*!$"%&#.&#+!-"#-2!*-%!$+"4!

!5678!9:;<:=>!7?!@;A!'BC=<:=>!@D55!

!

!

!

!

!

!

.:EFGGB!.?<A=:7!!



!

+BJ:=7<=B!Q:I!?;!78B!5678!?K!9:;<:=>!@D554!-!C?:7!Q:I!7:LB;!K=?E!%<A?EI?<L!

YFGG:PB! R,:L:F! +FI=FH7U! Q8B=B! 78B! Z($-! RZ:7B=I8BA! (:;:PBEB;7! $=?7BH7F?;!

-<78?=F7>! [!=BIJ?;IFCGB!K?=!78B!E:;:PBEB;7!?K!,,&!,$-U! FI! G?H:7BA4!&8B!C?:7!QB;7!<J!?K!,:E!R=FVB=U!\?7!R]@8=IU!<J!7?!^:;!RVFGG:PBU!,:!/:?!Q8B=B!:!7=:H7?=!

7??L!78B!B_<FJEB;7!:;A!I<JJGFBI!7?!^:;!,:V:;P!R]@8=IU4!-!;FP87!Q:I!IJB;7!F;!

^:;! ,:V:;P! :7! 78B!Z($-! J:7=?G! I7:7F?;4! -! 7=:H7?=! K=?E! ^:;! ,:V:;P! 7?! 78B!

=BIB:=H8!IF7B!R]`8=IU!Q:I!7:LB;!?;!78B!@D784!

!

9%(7+

%;B! I7:KK! K=?E! Z($-OCF?AFVB=IF7>! IBH7F?;2! (=4! .8:;78:G:J8?;B! ,:;78:V?;P!M?F;BA!78B!=BIB:=H8!:;A!8BGJBA!QF78!J=?MBH7!G?PFI7FHI!:;A!7=:;IBH7I!ABIFP;4!&8=BB!

?78B=!:=EBA!P<FABI!K=?E!^:;!,:V:;P!M?F;BA!78B!=BIB:=H8!R(=4!$:F2!(=4!1?<;78?C2!

(=4!^?LU!Q8?!8:VB!H?;A<H7BA!CF?AFVB=IF7>!I<=VB>!QF78!Z($-!F;!78B!J:I7!F;!78B!

=BIB:=H8!IF7B4!

!

9&(#$%.)+?(/5$+

-!7?7:G!?K!@D!7=:;IBH7I2!5!7?!@4a!LE!?K!GB;P782!QB=B!Q:GLBA!?VB=!78B!JB=F?A2!QF78!a!

AFKKB=B;7!H:EJI!F;!?=AB=!7?!H?VB=!:!E:bFE<E!?K!78B!:=B:4!&=:;IBH7!I7:=7F;P!J?F;7!

Q:I!:G?;P!78B!,:E!.8:B!R=FVB=U2!:G?;P!Q8FH8!QB!BI7:CGFI8BA!?<=!H:EJI4!ZB!<IBA!

78B!7=:;IBH7I!78:7!QB=B!:G=B:A>!BI7:CGFI8BA!K?=!I<=VB>I!F;!78B!J:I7!F;!78B!:=B:c!:I!

78B! G:I7! I<=VB>! Q:I! H?;A<H7BA! d! >B:=I! :P?2! H<77F;P! 7=:;IBH7! Q:I! I?EB7FEB!

;BBABA!Q8FGB!Q:GLF;P!78B!7=:;IBH74!!

!

&=:;IBH7!QB=B!Q:GLBA!BF78B=!QF78!:!7B:E!?K!@!R(=4!.8:;78:G:J8?;B!:;A!E>IBGKU!

?=!`!R<I!QF78!?;B!?K!78B!P<FABIU4!&8B!K?H<I!IJBHFBI!?K!78B!7=:;IBH7!Q:GLI!QB=BX!)(*!

AF<=;:G! J=FE:7BI! RG?;PO7:FGBA! E:H:_<BI2! JFPO7:FGBA! E:H:_<BI2! I7<EJO7:FGBA!

E:H:_<BI2! :II:EBIB! E:H:_<BI2! A?<HI2! PFCC?;I2! GB:K! E?;LB>IU2! )+*! 8?=;CFGG!

IJBHFBI!RIE:GG2!G:=PBU2!),*!CG:HLOPF:;7!I_<F==BGI2!:I!78B>!:=B!V<G;B=:CGB!IJBHFBI!7?!

:;78=?J?PB;FH! :H7FVF7FBI! :;A! 78B=BK?=B! =BJ=BIB;7! P??A! F;AFH:7?=I! ?K! 8:CF7:7!

_<:GF7>e8<E:;! :H7FVF7>4! -7! B:H8! IFP87F;P! ?K! ?;B! ?K! 78BIB! IJBHFBI! :G?;P! 78B!

7=:;IBH72!7FEB2!7=:;IBH72!:;FE:G!7?!?CIB=VB=!:;A!:;PGB!7?!78B!7=:;IBH72!f$1!J?F;72!

P=?<J!IFgB!BI7FE:7F?;2!QB:78B=2!8:CF7:72!BGBV:7F?;!QB=B!H?GGBH7BA4!



!

@%0%)()*"#+,()(+

YBPB7:7F?;! A:7:!Q:I! H?GGBH7BA! QF78! 78B! JG?7GBII! I:EJGF;P!EB78?A4! -G?;P! B:H8!

7=:;IBH7!RK?=!I?EB!7=:;IBH72!CBH:<IB!?K!AFKKFH<G7!7B==:F;OE?<;7:F;?<I!QF78!I7BBJ!

IG?JBIO78B! VBPB7:7F?;! J?F;7I! QB=B! ;?7! H?;A<H7BAU2! K?<=! J?F;7I! R]@DD!EB7=BI!

:J:=72! ABJB;AF;P! ?K! GB;P78! ?K! 78B! 7=:;IBH7U! QB=B! =:;A?EG>! IBGBH7BA4! -7! B:H8!

J?F;72! K?<=! _<:A=:;7I! QB=B! H=B:7BA! <IF;P! 7Q?! JB=JB;AFH<G:=! GF;BI! RC=:;H8BIU2!

?;B! :G?;P!78B! 7=:;IBH7!:;A! 78B!?78B=!JB=JB;AFH<G:=!7?! F74!&8B! HG?IBI7!7=BB!QF78!

.^/!h!`D!HE!QF78F;!B:H8!_<:A=:;7!Q:I!=BH?=ABAc!F;K?=E:7F?;!RBI7FE:7F?;U!?;!

78B!H=?Q;!?K!78B!7=BB2!8BFP87!R7?!78B!KF=I7!C=:;H8!K=?E!78B!7=<;HU2!IJBHFBI!RG?H:G!

;:EB!J=?VFABA!C>!P<FABI!FK!L;?Q;U2!:;A!J8B;?G?P>!I7:7<I!RE:7<=B!GB:VBI2!>?<;P!GB:VBI2!KG?QB=I2!K=<F7I!F;!7=BB2! K=<F7I!?;!P=?<;A!<IF;P!:!IH?=B!K=?E!D!7?!@U!QB=B!

H?GGBH7BA4!-!J8?7?P=:J8!Q:I!7:LB;!F;!B:H8!?K!78B!_<:A=:;7!K?=!G:7B=!BI7FE:7F?;!?K!

H:;?J>!H?VB=!R<IF;P!:!i!I_<:=BAOP=FA!:HB7:7B!JG:HBA!AF=BH7G>!?;!78B!IH=BB;!?K!78B!

H:EB=:!78:7!AFIJG:>!78B!J8?7?U4!-!7?7:G!?K!i@!J?F;7I!QB=B!I:EJGBA!QF78!@dj!7=BBI!

EB:I<=BA4!

!

;#*7(/+"A$%&'()*"#+-I!)!Q:I!;?7!K:EFGF:=!QF78!78B!=BIB:=H8!IF7B2!:;A!)!:E!:Q:=B!?K!8<;7F;P!?HH<==F;P!

F;!78B!:=B:2!)!ABHFABA!7?!<IB!78FI!KFBGA!7=FJ!7?!F;VBI7FP:7B!78B!J?IIFCFGF7>!7?!H?;A<H7!

:! CB8:VF?<=! I7<A>! ?;! A?<H! E?;LB>! F;! 78B! K<7<=B! A<=F;P! 78B! J=?MBH7! :7! 78FI!

J:=7FH<G:=! IF7B4! &8B=BK?=B2! )! AFA! ;?7! K?H<I! ?;! K?GG?Q! ?K! P=?<JI! :;A! H?GGBH7BA!

F;K?=E:7F?;! ?;! 78BF=! CB8:VF?<=! Q8B;BVB=! J?IIFCGB4! '?H<I! Q:I! E:AB! ?;! 78B!

K?GG?QF;P! CB8:VF?<=IeF;K?=E:7F?;! R5U! P=?<J! H?EJ?IF7F?;2! R@U! KBBAF;P!

CB8:VF?<=I2!R`U!=BIJ?;IB!7?!8<E:;I4!

!

>%."&,+"2+367(#+(.)*'*)*%$+

Z8B;BVB=! B;H?<;7B=BA! A<=F;P! 7=:;IBH7! Q:GLI2! )! =BH?=ABA! f$1! J?F;72! 78=B:7!

H:7BP?=>!R8<;7F;P2!G?PPF;PkU!:;A!ABIH=FJ7F?;!?K!:;>!8<E:;!:H7FVF7>4!

!

!

!



"BI<G7I!

BC%.*%$+(.."6#)+

&=:;IBH7I2!H:EJI!:;A!K?H<I!IJBHFBI!IFP87BA!:=B!=BJ=BIB;7BA!?;!78B!!"#$%&'+-'

'

./%01&%2'3"#405"6&7'8595:$&')!"#"#"$%&'()("*'

&8FI!FI!78B!?;G>!IJBHFBI!78:7!Q:I!IFP87BA!A<=F;P!7=:;IBH7!Q:GLI4!&8B!IJBHFBI!Q:I!

B;H?<;7B=BA!RH?;KF=EBA!FAB;7FKFH:7F?;U!?;!78=BB!?HH:IF?;I4!%;!78B!@@;A!9:;<:=>2!

5@8D`2! H:GGI! QB=B! 8B:=A! ]`DD! :Q:>! K=?E! 78B! ?CIB=VB=I2! ?;B! ?K! 78B! 7B:E!

EBECB=I! QB;7! 7?! FAB;7FK>! 78B! IJBHFBI! R!"#$%%&' ()' *$++,+*' -.4! %;! 78B! @a78!

9:;<:=>2!l8d6!:;A!68d@2!78B!IJBHFBI!Q:I!B;H?<;7B=BA!7QFHB!?;!78B!I:EB!7=:;IBH7!

:J:=74!&8B!KF=I7!IFP87F;P!Q:I!?K!:!G?;B!:;FE:G!?;!78B!P=?<;A!;Bb7!7?!:!I7=B:E!:;A!

:!J:7H8!?K!IE:GG!C:EC??!K?=BI7!R!"%!%*/'()'*$+//*&'-.4!&8B!:;FE:G!Q:I!IFP87BA!

I?EB!i!EB7=BI!:Q:>!K=?E!78B!?CIB=VB=4!)7!AFA!;?7!=B:H7!F;!:;>!J:=7FH<G:=!Q:>!?;!

IFP87!?K!78B!?CIB=VB=2!:G78?<P8!P?F;P!78B!?JJ?IF7B!AF=BH7F?;4!&8B!IBH?;A!IFP87F;P!

?K!78B!IJBHFBI!Q:I!?K!:!G:=PB!P=?<J!RP=?<J!IFgB!Q:I!AFKKFH<G7!7?!BI7FE:7B!CBH:<IB!

?K! AB;IB!H:;?J>! :;A! AFI7:;HB!K=?E! 78B! ?CIB=VB=U! R!"%!+"/'()'*$+/,##'-.4!&8B!

G?;B!JFPO7:FGBA!E:H:_<B!E:>!8:VB!CBB;!?K!78B!I:EB!P=?<J4'

!

!"#"#"$*++,$

%78B=!E:H:_<BI!QB=B!8B:=A!QF78!;?!J?IIFCGB!FAB;7FKFH:7F?;!CBH:<IB!?K!7Q?!G:=PB!

AFI7:;HB!K=?E!?CIB=VB=4!!

&Q?! ?K! 78B! P<FABI! RI7:>F;P! :7! H:EJ! A<=F;P! 78B! A:>U! =BJ?=7BA! 78:7! :II:EBIB!

E:H:_<BI!RD(.(.(+($$(7%#$*$U!H:EB!C>!78B!H:EJ!`!Q8FGB!QB!QB=B!H?;A<H7F;P!

7=:;IBH7! Q:GLI4! &8B>! :GI?! =BJ?=7BA! IFP87F;P! I7<EJO7:FGBA! E:H:_<BI! RD(.(.(+

(&.)"*,%$U!Q8FGB!H?GGBH7F;P!JG:;7!F;!78B!K?=BI7!:=?<;A!.:EJ!d4!

!

;/$9')-./"012)3$(&4"&5**'

+?<HI!QB=B!B;H?<;7B=BA!?;!78=BB!AFKKB=B;7!?HH:IF?;I4!%;!78B!@ 7̀8!9:;<:=>2!68`l2!

?;B! P=?<J!Q:I! ?CIB=VBA2! aiE! K=?E! ?CIB=VB=2! AB;IB! H:;?J>! AFA! ;?7! :GG?Q!:;!

BI7FE:7B!?K!P=?<J!IFgB!R!"#/"/!'()'*$+/,!!'-.4!%;B!78B!`D78!9:;<:=>2!558@52!?;B!

P=?<J!Q:I!?CIB=VBA!IGBBJF;P!F;!7=BBI!R!"%*&&+'()'*$/#&!+'-.4!%;B!E:GB!E:AB!:;!

:G:=E!H:GG!:7!KF=I7!IFP87!?K!78B!I<=VB>!7B:E!C<7!78B!P=?<J!:K7B=Q:=A!AFA!;?7!KGBB4!



%;! 78B!5I7 ! 'BC=<:=>2! 68552! A?<HI!QB=B! IFP87BA! `! 7FEBI! ?;! 78B! I:EB! 7=:;IBH72!

HB=7:F;G>!78B!I:EB!P=?<J!R=BH?=ABA!?;G>!?;HB!F;!78B!A:7:U!R !"%%**$'()'*$%%,&!!

,U4!-7!78B!KF=I7!B;H?<;7B=2!:G:=E!H:GG!Q:I!8B:=A!K=?E!?;B!IFAB!:;A!IFP87F;P!K=?E!

78B!?JJ?IF7B!AF=BH7F?;!Q8FH8!E:>!I<PPBI7!78:7!78B!P=?<J!IJGF7!<J!Q8B;!78B>!QB=B!:Q:=B!?K!78B!J=BIB;HB!?K!78B!I<=VB>!7B:E4!%;B!78B!IBH?;A!B;H?<;7B=!RK<=78B=!?;!

78B!7=:;IBH7U2!I?EB!?K!78B!P=?<J!EBECB=I!KGBA!Q8FGB!?;B!M<VB;FGB!I7:>BA!:C?VB!

<I!K?=! :!Q8FGB!CBK?=B! M?F;F;P! 78B! =BI7!?K! 78B! P=?<J!78:7!Q:I! I7:>F;P! I?EB!5DD!

EB7=BI! :Q:>4!&8B! 78F=A!B;H?<;7B=!Q:I! F;AFH:7BA! C>!:! H8:=:H7B=FI7FH! =BJB7F7FVB!

H:GG!RN3"63"66mU!Q8FH8!AFKKB=B;7!K=?E!:G:=E!H:GGI2!:;A!78:7!Q:I!F;AFH:7BA!C>!?;B!

?K!78B!P<FAB!:I!CBF;P!78B!H:GG!?K!:!A?<Hc!QB!78B;!QB;7!7?!H?;KF=E!78FI!H:GG!Q:I!

K=?E!:!A?<H4!&8B!78=BB!AFKKB=B;7!B;H?<;7B=I!E:>!CB!?K!78=BB!AFKKB=B;7!P=?<JI4!!!

Z8B=B!A?<HI!QB=B!?CIB=VBA!)!;?7BA!78B!J=BIB;HB!?K!;BQ!GB:VBI!:;Ae?=!<;=FJB!

K=<F7!F;!78B!8:CF7:7!R:G78?<P8!?VB=:GG!J8B;?G?P>!I7:7<I!?K!I:EJGBA!7=BBI!Q:I!F;!

E:M?=F7>! E:7<=B! GB:VBIU4! f<FABI! F;AFH:7BA! ;:EBI! ?K! 7=BBI! 78:7! :=B! B:7B;! C>!

A?<HIX!(:F!1:L?=2!(:F!38:AB;P!RC?78!8:A!;BQ!GB:VBI!:;A!<;=FJB!K=<F7IU4!

!

<1"0&'91&&=&7'#">>/2?')6'4"*#5*$%&5#'/&(.*7*)8) *'fFCC?;I!QB=B!8B:=A!A:FG>!CB7QBB;!i8DD!:E!:;A!l8`D!:E!RQF78!?;B!BbHBJ7F?;!

Q8B;!PFCC?;I!H:GGBA!:P:F;!:7!:=?<;A!5d8DD!F;!78B!:K7B=;??;U4!,<ECB=!?K!P=?<JI!

H:GGF;P!Q:I!:IIBIIBA!K=?E!B:H8!H:EJ!QF78!:JJ=?bFE:7B!AF=BH7F?;!?K!H:GG!R!"#$%&'

@U4!#FP87!P=?<JI!E:>!CB!J=BIB;7!F;!78B!=BIB:=H8!IF7B!H?VB=BA!R7Q?!P=?<JI!8B:=A!

K=?E!H:EJI!d!:;A!a!E:>!CB!I:EB!P=?<JU4!ZB!H:;!;?7B!78:7!8:CF7:7!K=?E!Q8B=B!

PFCC?;I!QB=B!8B:=A!QB=B! K=?E!8FP8B=!BGBV:7F?;4! R-==?Q! ?;!78B!E:J! A?BI!;?7!

=BJ=BIB;7! 78B! AFI7:;HB! K=?E! H:EJ! 7?! 78B! P=?<JU4! &8B! IJBHFBI! Q:I! ;BVB=!

B;H?<;7B=BA!A<=F;P!7=:;IBH7!Q:GLI2!78FI!FI!J=?C:CG>!A<B!7?!78BF=!?HH<==B;HB!:7!

8FP8B=!BGBV:7F?;I!R:G78?<P8!QB!QB;7!<J!$8?<!RE?<;7:F;U!nB<>!OO!]6@D!E!:4I4G4![!

Q8B=B!QB!8:A!8B:=A!PFCC?;!H:GGI!H?EF;P!K=?E2!C<7!78B!A:>!?K!78B!7=:;IBH7!Q:GL!

<J!78B!E?<;7:F;!Q:I!Bb7=BEBG>!QF;A>!Q8FH8!E:AB!AB7BH7:CFGF7>!AFKKFH<G7U!



!

!"#$%&',X!!+F=BH7F?;!?K!PFCC?;!H:GGI!K=?E!B:H8!?K!78B!a!H:EJI4!

'

A%/B2'1/%2>"66') 9('221)(5*$0)#8&%%) *'

^=?Q;!8?=;CFGGI!QB=B!8B:=A!?;!78=BB!?HH:IF?;I4!&8B!78=BB!IFP87F;PI!QB=B!E:AB!

K=?E!H:EJ!`2!d!:;A!a4!'FVB2!IFb!:;A!:7!GB:I7!K?<=!QB=B!IFP87BA!=BIJBH7FVBG>4!

'

C%&50'1/%2>"66'):5*&2'*$;)#'2()**'

%;B!P=B:7!8?=;CFGG!Q:I!IFP87BA!?;!78B!I:EB!:=B:!Q8B=B!78B!IBH?;A!B;H?<;7B=!?K!

A?<HI!?HH<==BA!R!"%%**$'()'*$%%,&! !,U4!

!

A659=4#"520'?:$"%%&6')<"05="$;)#'%'2 *'

^G:HLOPF:;7!I_<F==BGI!QB=B!8B:=A!R:G:=E!H:GGU!C<7!;BVB=!IBB;!?;!7Q?!?HH:IF?;I4!



!"#$%&'+X!.:EJI2!7=:;IBH7I!:;A!:;FE:G!AB7BH7F?;I!F;!,:E!.8:B2!9:;O'BC!@D554!



1?EB! ?K! 78B! 78B=! IJBHFBI! IFP;I! B;H?<;7B=BA! F;HG<AB! A=?JJF;PI! K=?E! I:EC:=!

R!%&'6$+6#*."/"& U2!E<;7M:HI!IJJ2!:;A!HG:Q!E:=LI!?K!I<;!CB:=!RE&$6$+7(/(1(#6$U!

:;A!-IF:7FH!CG:HL!CB:=!RE=+)3*A%)(#(U4!

+F(A*)()+

-!7?7:G!?K!i@!J?F;7I!QB=B!I:EJGBA!QF78!@dj! 7=BBI!EB:I<=BA4!ZB!=BH?=ABA!5D@!

AFKKB=B;7! IJBHFBI! RG?H:G! ;:EBI! J=?VFABA! C>! P<FABIU! QF78! 5@4ao! ?K! <;L;?Q;!

IJBHFBI4!-VB=:PB!.^/!?K!7=BBI!Q:I!j`!HEc!&=BB!AB;IF7>!K?=!78B!=BIB:=H8!IF7B!Q:I!

,/#' 7=BBe8:4! 1?EB! :=B:I! VFIF7BA! QB=B! ABP=:ABA! IBH?;A:=>! K?=BI7! QF78! ?JB;!

H:;?J>!H?VB=!:;A!IE:GGB=!7=BBI4!&8FI!FI!A<B!7?!78B!J=BIB;HB!?K!VFGG:PBI!F;!78B!J:I7!

F;!78BIB!:=B:I!R]`a!>B:=I!:P?U!78:7!<IBA!78BIB!:=B:I!:I!:P=FH<G7<=B!G:;AI4!%VB=:GG!

8:CF7:7!Q:I!H8:=:H7B=FIBA!C>!A=>!BVB=P=BB;!K?=BI7c!I?EB!:=B:I!QF78!A?EF;:;HB!

?K!JF;B!7=BBI!QB=B!VFIF7BA2!?78B=I!QF78!C:EC??!K?=BI7I4!'

!

$=BGFEF;:=>!J8B;?G?P>!I7:7<IX!ja4@!o!?K!78B!I:EJGBA!7=BBI!8:A!hlao!?K!E:7<=B!

GB:VBI!?VB=!78B!H:;?J>2!5D4io!QF78!<J!7?!lao!?K!E:7<=B!GB:VBI!:;A!d4@o!QF78!

;?;B! 7?!VB=>! KBQ!E:7<=B! GB:VBI4! i64ao!8:A! ;?!>?<;P! GB:VBI2! @d4@o!QF78! KBQ!

>?<;P!GB:VBI!?=!GFEF7BA!7?!5O@!C=:;H8BI!:;A!i4do!8:A!>?<;P!GB:VBI! :C<;A:;7!

?VB=!E?I7!?K!H:;?J>4!%;G>!78=BB!7=BBI!QB=B!=BH?=ABA!QF78!K=<F7I!F;!78B!7=BB!:;A!

78=BB!QF78!KG?QB=I4!

!

93&%()$+

&8=B:7I! B;H?<;7B=BA! QB=BX! :C:;A?;BA! H:EJI! RH?;KF=EBA! ;?7! K=?E! Z($-!

J:7=?GGF;P! 7B:EU2! I;:=BI! R?GAU2! JB=E:;B;7! 8<E:;! 7=:FGI2! G?PPF;P! R?GAU2! JB?JGB!

Q:GLF;P!78=?<P8!78B!:=B:!RBF78B=!P?F;P!K=?E!?;B!VFGG:PB!7?!:;?78B=!?=!H?GGBH7F;P!

,&'$IU2!P<;!I8?7I!RpU4!

.:EJI2!I;:=BI!:;A!G?PPF;P!IFP;I!QB=B!?GA2!K=?E!h!5!>B:=!?GA4!&8B=B!FI!:!;B7Q?=L!

?K! 7=:HLI! P?F;P! 78=?<P8! 78B! :=B:! 78:7! H?;;BH7I! 78B! AFKKB=B;7! VFGG:PBI! K=?E!?;B!

IFAB! 7?!78B! ?78B=!?K!,:E! .8:B!.G<I7B=4!$B?JGB!E:LF;P! 78B! 7=:VBG! C>! K??7!QB=B!

B;H?<;7B=BA! RP?F;P! 7?!:!QBAAF;P!HB=BE?;>!F;!,:V:;P! VFGG:PBU4! %<=! 7B:E!7??L!

?;B!?K!78BIB!7=:HLI!7?!H?EB!C:HL!7?!,:V:;P4!-HHBII!7?!78B!IF7B!FI!78B=BK?=B!B:I>!

R:7! GB:I7! A<=F;P! A=>! IB:I?;U! :G78?<P8! ?;G>! :HHBIIFCGB! C>! K??7! ?=! 7=:H7?=4! &8B!



I;:=BI! 78:7!QB! I:Q!QB=B!;?7! F;!<IB! :;>E?=B4!%78B=!=BHB;7! ?=!H<==B;7!8<E:;!

:H7FVF7FBI!F;!,:E!.8:B!R:G?;P!7=:;IBH7IU!QB=B!;?7!B;H?<;7B=BA4!)7!FI!AFKKFH<G7!7?!

L;?Q!Q8FH8!IJBHFBI!:=B!I7FGG!8<;7BA!F;!78B!:=B:4!!

!)7! FI! F;7B=BI7F;P! 7?!;?7B! 78:7!E:H:_<BI!QB=B! GBII! IFP87BA! RH?;IFAB=F;P! IJBHFBI!

V:=FB7>! I<JJ?IBA! 7?! ?HH<=! F;! 78B! :=B:U! H?EJ:=BA! 7?! A?<HI4! +?<HI2! :G78?<P8!

=B:H7BA!:7!KF=I7!QF78!:G:=E!H:GGI2!AFA!;?7!KGBB!K=?E!<I!VB=>!K:=!Q8FH8!H?<GA!I<PPBI7!

G?Q!8<;7F;P!J=BII<=B!?;!78B!IJBHFBI!F;!78FI!:=B:4!!

+

!"#$*,%&()*"#+"#+)3%+7%)3","/"01+

'?GG?QF;P!78FI!KF=I7!KFBGA!7=FJ!:;A!AFIH<IIF?;I!QF78!E>!I<JB=VFI?=I!:;A!=BVFBQB=I!

?K!E>!J=?J?I:G!Q8?!8:VB!BbJB=FB;HB!F;!Q?=LF;P!F;!78B!H?<;7=>2!)!QFGG!:JJG>!I?EB!

H8:;PBI!7?!78B!F;F7F:G!EB78?A?G?P>4!!

!

'?H<I!QFGG! CB! E:AB! ?;! BI7FE:7F;P! 78B! :C<;A:;HB! :;A! J=BIB;HB! ?K! :GG! AF<=;:G!

J=FE:7B!IJBHFBI!?VB=! 78B!,:7F?;:G!$=?7BH7BA!-=B:!QF78!VFIF7I!?K! :I!E:;>!:=B:I!

RHG<I7B=IU!:I!J?IIFCGB!?VB=!78B!=BIB:=H8!JB=F?A4!R?78B=!IJBHFBI!QFGG!CB!=BH?=ABA!:I!

QBGGX!8?=;CFGGI!:;A!CG:HLOPF:;7!I_<F==BGIU4!

!

-7!B:H8!IF7B2!:!EF;FE<E!?K!@D!7=:;IBH7I!QFGG!CB!Q:GLBA!:;A!=BJGFH:7BA!:7!GB:I7!`!

7FEBI!R?;!H?;IBH<7FVB!A:>I2!H8:;PF;P!7FEB!?K!78B!A:>I!Q:GLBAU4!^:IFH!7=:;IBH7O

Q:GL!A:7:!QFGG!CB!H?GGBH7BA!:I!QBGG!:I!?HH<J:;H>!?K!B:H8!?K!78B!K?H<I!IJBHFBI!K?=!

B:H8! ?K! 78B! 7=:;IBH7I4! &8B! G:77B=! QFGG! :GG?Q! BI7FE:7F;P! 78B! ?HH<J:;H>! ?K! B:H8!

IJBHFBI! ?VB=! 78B! ,:7F?;:G! $=?7BH7BA! -=B:4! &8B=B! FI! I7FGG! <;HB=7:F;7>! =BP:=AF;P!

J=BIB;HBe:CIB;HB!?K!AF<=;:G! J=FE:7BI! F;! 78B! :=B:4!&8=B:7I!QFGG! CB!=BH?=ABA! F;!

B:H8!?K!78B!:=B:I!VFIF7BA!:;A!VBPB7:7F?;!ABIH=FCBA!<IF;P!a!JG?7OGBII!I:EJGF;P!JB=!

7=:;IBH7I!RF;I7B:A!?K!dU4!-GG!7=:;IBH7I!QFGG!CB!:7!GB:I7!@!LEI!G?;P4!fFVB;!78B!K:H7!

78:7!8<;7F;P!E:>!?HH<=!F;!78B!:=B:!:;A!AFKKFH<G7>!?K!78B!7B==:F;2!CB8:VF?<=:G!A:7:!

H?GGBH7F?;!?;!A?<H!E?;LB>I!R:;A!?78B=!AF<=;:G!J=FE:7B!IJBHFBIU!QFGG!CB!=BH?=ABA!

?JJ?=7<;FI7FH:GG>!K?H<IIF;P!?;!)(*!KBBAF;P!CB8:VF?<=!RH?GGBH7F;P!JG:;7!IJBHFEB;I!

Q8B;!J?IIFCGB!?=! G?H:G!;:EB!?K!7=BBc! JG:;7!J:=7!B:7B;Uc!)+*! P=?<J!H?EJ?IF7F?;!

RP=?<J! IFgB! BI7FE:7B2! ;<ECB=! ?K! :A<G7! E:GBI2! :A<G7! KBE:GBI2! M<VB;FGBI! :;A!

F;K:;7IUc!:;A! ),*'=B:H7F?;!7?!8<E:;I!R:G:=E!H:GG2!P=?<J!IJGF7!<J2!E?VF;P!<J!:;A!



A?Q;! 78B! H:;?J>2! H?EF;P! HG?IB=2! I7:=F;P! :7! 78B! ?CIB=VB=2! KGBB! B7H4U4! %78B=!

:H7FVF7FBI!:7!KF=I7!IFP87!QFGG!CB!=BH?=ABA!R8BFP87!F;!7=BB2!7=BB!<IBA2!E:F;!:H7FVF7>!

B7H4U4!

!

!

-A<G7!E:GB!A?<H2!?CIB=VBA!?;!78B!`D78!9:;<:=>!@D55!R!"%*&&+'()'*$/#&!+'-.0'



'

12345674'892:)';6<=>48'95'>=4'*?;>'@4A?2B?C'#!**'

'

'



D5?6E4'F?26>;'F?9G'H!"#$%"&'() )':7B6G48'>9'A4'4B>45'AC'892:;'AC'>=4'<2684;0'I92:;'

J4?4';6<=>48'59>'FB?'F?9G'>=6;'>?44'BF>4?JB?8'95'B'>?B5;4:>0'

'

!

%;B!?K!78B!CB:=!HG:Q!E:=LI!IFP87BA!A<=F;P!78B!I<=VB>4!



!

!

!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!!

"#$%"&!'"%(!')#*+!&")$!&%!!

!"#$%&'(#)!"*+&,-$&."#/&012&,-$&3-/-&/-$%&

-*"-),!-./.)!-.(!&0#1-!-.&)%-.*!$"%&#2&#+!."#.,!

*.%!$+"3!

!

!

!4567!'89:;<:=!6>!?4@6 !(<:A7!!BC44!

!

!

!

!

!

!

2<DEFF8!2>;G:<6!



!"#$%&'(#)%"!

!"#$%! $%! &'! ()*'(&! '+! ,-! %).'+/! 0$)1/! &($*! $+&'! 2343$523,! "#)6+! 23&$'+31!

7('&).&)/!8()3!922"!278:!$+!;3'!7<=>!"#$%!$%!*3(&!'0!,-!7#<!*('?).&!3&!@A0'(/!

B(''4)%!C+$D)(%$&-!6+/)(!&#)! %6*)(D$%$'+!'0!<(>!2)43($%!3+/!<(>!2$?,3+>! E$)1/!

F'(4!$%!&34$+G!*13.)!'D)(!&#$%!-)3(!HIJJ!F$&#!22"!278!3%!&#)!,3$+!()%)3(.#!%$&)>!

K3.#!D$%$&!F$&#$+!22"!278!$%!$+!3!/$00)()+&!3()3!$+!'(/)(!&'!)%&3L1$%#!/$%&($L6&$'+!

'0! %',)! %*).$)%! &#('6G#'6&! 22"! 3+/! ()13&)! $&! &'! )+D$('+,)+&31! 3+/!

3+&#('*'G)+$.! 03.&'(%>! E$)1/! %$&)%!F$11! L)! %*()3/! &#('6G#'6&! 22"! 3%!,6.#! 3%!

*'%%$L1)!3+/!3%!,3+-!%$&)%!3%!*'%%$L1)!F$11!L)!D$%$&)/!/6($+G!&#)!-)3(!9+'&)!&#3&!

3..)%%$L$1$&-! /6($+G! (3$+-! %)3%'+! $%! )A&(),)1-! /$00$.61&! $+! 22"! 3+/! M! ,3-!

&#)()0'()!.'+/6.&!'&#)(!3.&$D$&$)%!/6($+G!&#3&!*)($'/!N!)/6.3&$'+!*('?).&%O!D$%$&!'0!

'&#)(!278%! $+!;3'%! )&.>:>! =)%61&%!'0! &#$%! ()%)3(.#!F$11! *)(,$&! &'!3/D$.)! '+! &#)!

,3+3G),)+&!'0!&#)!3()3!0'(!.'+%)(D3&$'+!'0!$&%!($.#!F$1/1$0)>!!

!

"#)! 13%&! 0$)1/! &($*!F3%! .'+/6.&)/! $+!23,! P#3)! .16%&)(! 9()*'(&! 3D3$13L1)! 6*'+!

()Q6)%&:>! "#)! '($G$+31!*('?).&! 3$,)/! &'! 0'.6%!'+! &#)! L)#3D$'6(! '0!K+/3+G)()/!

()/5%#3+4)/!/'6.!,'+4)-!9!"#$%&'()*+,-$,./:R!/6)!&'!+'!*()D$'6%!4+'F1)/G)!

'0!&#)!3()3O!&$,)!.'+%&(3$+&%!3+/!#6+&$+G!'..6(($+G!$+!&#)!3()3O!&#)!*('?).&!+'F!

0'.6%)%! '+! 311! *($,3&)! %*).$)%! $+! 22"! 3%! F)11! 3%! #'(+L$11! %*).$)%! 3+/! 2)3(!

"#()3&)+)/! B13.4! G$3+&! %Q6$(()1! 90$%.1$* 2(3454' :! 55! &#$%! F$11! #'F)D)(! #)1*! &'!

)%&3L1$%#!&#)! L)%&! 3()3%! 0'(! 3! L)#3D$'6(31!%&6/-!'0!/'6.%! $+! &#)! 3()3! 9F#$.#!M!

$+&)+/! &'! .'+/6.&! '(! %6*)(D$%)! $+! &#)! 06&6():O! 4)-! L)#3D$'6(%! '0! /'6.%! 3()!

().'(/)/!F#)+)D)(!*'%%$L1)!/6($+G!)+.'6+&)(%!55!811!'0!&#)!*()D$'6%!%*).$)%!3()!

#$G#1-! &#()3&)+)/! 0(',! #6+&$+G! $+! &#)! 3()3! 93&! /$00)()+&! 1)D)1%:! 0'(! 1'.31!

.'+%6,*&$'+! L-! D$113G)(%! 1$D$+G! F$&#$+! &#)! 3()3! '(! 0'(! &(3/)! 9#6+&)/! L-! ;3'!

*)'*1)! &#)+! %'1/! &'!S$)&+3,)%)!'(!/$().&1-!#6+&)/! L-!S$)&+3,)%)! 0'(! &(3/)!$+!

&#)$(!.'6+&(-:>!!!

!

"#$%!%).'+/!0$)1/!&($*!F3%!.'+/6.&)/!0'(!3!&'&31!'0!TT!/3-%!$+!")6+G!P16%&)(O!+)3(!

B3+! U)64! 3+/! &#)+!B3+!V343!W3+G! 9D$113G)%:R! &#$%! %$&)! $%! %$&63&)/! .1'%)!&'!&#)!

S$)&+3,!B'(/)(>!!

!



!"#$%&'(!!"#"$%&'(#)*"(

("#$!%&'(%!#()(!*&%&'(+!$*()!',(!-&(.+!')&/0!1$',!#&',&2!"(324!5.3%'()6!',(!-&)%'!$2(!

#7%!2(7)!872!9(3:!;#&',&2!<=!&2!>&43)(!?@!;8)3!(',2&5!4)$3/@0!',(!%(5$2+!$2(!

2(7)!872!A7:7!B724!;#&',&2!A7:7!7)(7!CC!<!D!&2!>&43)(!?@!;B)&!(',2&5!4)$3/@E!

!

!

)*+,-"( .6! F7:7&! F7G! ",(32! F7'&$27.! H)$'(5'(+! I)(7! 72+! +(.&G&'7'&$2! $-!

%')7'(4&5!J$2(%!#&',&2!',(!I)(7!;KLAHI@!

!

!

872! 9(3:! 72+! 872! A7:7! B724! 7%! #(..! 7%! ',(! .$57'&$2! $-! ',(! ')72%(5'%! 7)(!

)(/)(%(2'(+!$2!',(!>&43)(!ME!



Nam Noy

Nam Theun Ban Maka Kang

Ban Maka Tai

Ban TeungBan Xeuk

Ban Tong Noy

VIETNAM

Ban Mak Fueng

© Camille Coudrat

±

Villages

Transects

0 10 20 30 405Km

!

!"#$%&'("!#$%&'!()%*+$,!-.+/!0.))1'$*!1&2!)341+.3&!35!+/$!+,1&*$4+*!-1)6$2!2%,.&'!

5.$)2!-3,67!

!

!

"#$%&%$%'(!!

!

8$*4,.9+.3&!35!+/$!14+.0.+.$*!35!+/$!30$,1))!9$,.32!35!+/$!5.$)2!+,.9!1,$!2$*4,.:$2!.&!

#1:)$!;7!!

)*+,&'-"!8$*4,.9+.3&!35!+/$!14+.0.+.$*!!

.*/&0' 12/"3"/4' .&02%"5/"67'

;<+/!=$:,%1,>!?@;;! 8$91,+%,$!5,3A!BCDE!

355.4$F!G%23A*3%6!

H.))1'$F!I161.!8.*+,.4+!!

#16.&'!1!:31+!'3.&'!%9!+/$!I1A!

JK.0$,L!#/$%&M!*+39!1+!N1&!C16!

=%$&'!-/$,$!1!+,14+3,!

+,1&*93,+$2!5332O$P%.9A$&+!+3!

N1&!#3&'!I3>!-/.)$!-$!

+,10$))$2!3&!A3+3,:.6$!

;Q+/!=$:,%1,>!?@;;! N1&!#3&'!I3>!+3!N1&!R$%6!

C$$+.&'!-.+/!0.))1'$!4/.$5!+3!.&53,A!1:3%+!5.$)2!-3,6!1&2!



!"#$%&%'"(()*$#+%,-!.+$/%01%

'"(()*$%-!"$2%)23$#%4$$3"/*5%

673!%8$0#9)#1%:;66% <)/%=$9>%3.%?)4@%6% A&!#+%B)(>C%/.#3!%.2%3!$%'"(()*$%

:;3!%8$0#9)#1%3.%D3!%

E)#-!%:;66%

F#)/+$-3%B)(>+%,G5% H9$%3.%"((/$++%)/I%>/$$%"/J9#1C%

2"$(I%B.#>%@$#".I%"/%3!"+%+"3$%

B)+%+!.#3$/$I%K3!%E)#-!%3.%6:3!%E)#-!% <)/%F./*%L.1% M$-.'$#1%N%I9$%3.%(.*"+3"-%

"++9$+C%+3)1%"/%3!$%'"(()*$%B)+%

(./*$#%3!)/%$O@$-3$I%)/I%

.#"*"/)((1%@()//$I%

6&3!%E)#-!%% <)/%F./*%L.1%3.%<)/%

E)>)%F)"%

%

6P3!%E)#-!% <)/%E)>)%F)"%3.%<)/%

E)>)%Q)/*%

E$$3"/*%B"3!%'"(()*$%-!"$2%3.%

"/2.#4%)0.93%2"$(I%B.#>%)/I%

!"#$%.2%&%'"(()*$#+%,-!.+$/%01%

'"(()*$%-!"$25%6D3!%E)#-!%% <)/%E)>)%Q)/*%3.%?)4@%

6%

A6%!.9#%B)(>%

6K3!%E)#-!%3.%:73!%E)#-!%

:;66%

F#)/+$-3%B)(>+%,R5% H9$%3.%I"22"-9(3%3$##)"/C%B"3!%

+.4$%3#)/+$-3+%/.3%)--$++"0($%

0$-)9+$%.2%#.->1%-("22+C%($++%

3#)/+$-3+%B$#$%B)(>$I%3!)/%

.#"*"/)((1%@()//$I%

:73!%E)#-!%:;66% ?)4@%:%3.%<)/%F./*%L.1% S$23%)23$#%()+3%3#)/+$-3%B)(>+T%

&;3!%E)#-!%:;66% <)/%F./*%L.1% H9$%3.%)%+3.#4C%B$%!)I%3.%+3)1%

./$%I)1%)3%3!$%'"(()*$%

&6+3 %E)#-!%:;66% <)/%F./*%L.1%3.%L)>)"% U)(>%2#.4%<)/%F./*%L.1%3.%<)/%

E)>%89$/*C%0.)3%3.%L)>)"%

%!"#$%

%

<)/% =$9>% +"3$V% W/$% +3)22% 2#.4% 3!$% UEXYZ0".I"'$#+"31% +$-3"./C% E#T%

?!)/3!)()@!./$% L)/3!)'./*% J."/$I% 3!$% #$+$)#-!% )/I% !$(@$I% B"3!% @#.J$-3%

(.*"+3"-+C% 3#)/+$-3+% I$+"*/% )/I% I)3)% -.(($-3"./T% F!#$$% '"(()*$#+% 2#.4% <)/% =$9>%

,'"(()*$5% J."/$I% 3!$% #$+$)#-!% ,:% @$.@($% +3)1% )3% 3!$% -)4@% B!"($% 6% !$(@+% B"3!%

3#)/+$-3%B)(>+%N%)(3$#/)3"/*%$'$#1%I)15T%["(()*$#+%2#.4%<)/%=$9>%0$(./*%3.%3!$%

<#9%$3!/"-%*#.9@%B"3!%<#9%()/*9)*$%093%)((%.2%3!$4%)(+.%+@$)>%2(9$/3%S).T%

%

<)/%E)>)%Q)/*%+"3$V%E#T%?!)/3!)()@!./$%L)/3!)'./*% )/I%3!#$$%'"(()*$#+%2#.4%

<)/%E)>)%Q)/*%J."/$I%3!$%#$+$)#-!T%Y((%'"(()*$#+%2#.4%E)>)%)#$)%0$(./*%3.%3!$%

Q#"% $3!/"-% *#.9@%B"3!%Q#"% ()/*9)*$C% 093% )((% .2% 3!$4%)(+.% +@$)>%2(9$/3% S).T%F!$%

3!#$$%'"(()*$#+%B!.%J."/$I%3!$%#$+$)#-!%B$#$%@)#3%.2%3!$%'"(()*$%@)3#.(%9/"3%.2%<)/%



!"#"$%"&'($)*+$,-$./-0+&-,12/$3+.$./'42".$0"5.+2-$&/".$5*/$6,/5&"7$8+.9/.:$;*/$

5*.//$+3$5*/7$)/./$".7/9:$

$

!"#$%&'()*#+,%)

)

;."&-/<5-$)/./$."&9+72=$-/2/<5/9$0.,+.$5+$"..,>,&'$+&$-,5/$4-,&'$"$9/5",2/9$7"0$

+3$5*/$-,5/-$5+$9.")$5*/$5."&-/<5-$"&9$"$?@A$5+$/&5/.$-5".5$"&9$/&9$0+,&5-$+3$/"<*:$

;."&-/<5-$ )/./$ 9/-,'&/9$ ),5*$ "$ .,>/.$ "-$ "$ -5".5,&'$ 0+,&5$ B"2+&'$ )*,<*$ )/$

/-5"12,-*$+4.$<"70-C($'+,&'$+&$/,5*/.$-,9/$+3$,5$"&9$/"<*$5."&-/<5$0"."22/2$5+$/"<*$

+5*/.:$

$;."&-/<5-$)/./$"2)"=-$)"2#/9$),5*$"$5/"7$+3$D$0/+02/E$!.:$F*"&5*"2"0*+&/($+&/$

>,22"'/.$"&9$7=-/23:$ ;*/$ 3+<4-$ -0/<,/-$ +3$ 5*/$ 5."&-/<5$)"2#-$)/./E$!"#$ 9,4.&"2$

0.,7"5/-$ B.*/-4-$ 7"<"G4/-($ 0,'H5",2/9$ 7"<"G4/-($ -5470H5",2/9$ 7"<"G4/-($

"--"7/-/$7"<"G4/-($9+4<-($',11+&-($2/"3$7+&#/=-C($!$#$*+.&1,22$-0/<,/-$B-7"22($

2".'/C($!%#$12"<#H',"&5$-G4,../2-($"-$5*/=$"./$>42&/."12/$-0/<,/-$5+$"&5*.+0+'/&,<$

"<5,>,5,/-$ "&9$ 5*/./3+./$ ./0./-/&5$ '++9$ ,&9,<"5+.-$ +3$ *"1,5"5$ G4"2,5=I*47"&$

"<5,>,5=:$J5$/"<*$-,'*5,&'$+3$+&/$+3$5*/-/$-0/<,/-$"2+&'$5*/$5."&-/<5($5,7/($5."&-/<5$

K($9/5/<5,+&($"&,7"2$5+$+1-/.>/.$"&9$"&'2/$5+$5*/$5."&-/<5($?@A$0+,&5($'.+40$-,L/$

/-5,7"5,+&($ )/"5*/.($ *"1,5"5($ /2/>"5,+&$ "&9$ -0/<,3,<$ "<5,>,5,/-$ +3$ "&,7"2-$ )/./$

<+22/<5/9:$ ;)+$ 5."&-/<5-$ )/./$ )"2#/9$ 0/.$ 9"=($ "&9$ /"<*$ 5."&-/<5$ )"2#$ )"-$

./0/"5/9$D$5,7/-:$M/$5=0,<"22=$2/35$<"70$,&$5*/$7+.&,&'$".+4&9$N*OP:$;*/$3,.-5$

5."&-/<5$)"2#$-5".5/9$,&$">/."'/$"5$Q*PR$":7:$B2"5/.$-5".5-$)/./$94/$/,5*/.$5+E$1"9$

)/"5*/.$<+&9,5,+&-($0"<#,&'$/G4,07/&5$,&$5*/$7+.&,&'$,3$)/$*"9$5+$<*"&'/$<"70$

5*/$-"7/$9"=$"35/.$3,/29$)+.#($+.$9,-5"&</$"&9I+.$9,33,<425=$+3$5*/$5/..",&$5+$./"<*$

5*/$ -5".5,&'$ 0+,&5$ +3$ 5*/$ 3,.-5$ 5."&-/<5$ )"2#/9C$ "&9$ 5*/$ -/<+&9$ ,&$ ">/."'/$ "5$

SS*SP$0:7:$B>".,"&</$)"-$94/$5+$9,-5"&</$"&9I+.$9,33,<425=$+3$5*/$5/..",&$5+$./"<*$

5."&-/<5$ -5".5,&'$ 0+,&5C:$ F455,&'$ +3$ 5*/$ 5."&-/<5$)"-$ -+7/5,7/-$ &/</--".=$ 5*/$

3,.-5$5,7/$,5$)"-$)"2#/9($*+)/>/.$+&2=$7,&,7"2$<455,&'$)"-$0/.3+.7/9$"&9$)/$

9,9$ &+5$ 4-/$ "&=$ ".5,3,<,"2$7".#/.-$ B-4<*$"-$ 32"'',&'$5"0/C$,&$+.9/.$5+$#//0$ 5*/$

5."&-/<5-$9,33,<425$5+$9/5/<5$3+.$+45-,9/.-$B/:':$*4&5/.-C:$T/0/"5-$)/./$,&$'/&/."2$

&/>/.$9+&/$+&$<+&-/<45,>/$9"=-($145$"5$UHD$9"=-$+3$,&5/.>"2:$

$



!"#$ %&'($ )*+&,$ -$ +.+"/$ .0$ 1$ +2"#)&3+)$ 4&+5&&#$ 678$ "#9$ :7;$ (<$ .0$ /&#=+>$ 5&2&$

5"/(&97$?"3>$ +2"#)&3+$5")$5"/(&9$@$ +*<&)7$A*<&$.0$ +>&$ 9"B$5>&#$5"/(&9$5")$

"CC2.D*<"+&/B$ +>&$ )"<&$ 0.2$ &"3>$5"/($ 0.2$ 3.<C"2"4*/*+B7$E#&$ .0$ +>&$ +2"#)&3+)$

FG@H$5")$.#/B$5"/(&9$.#3&$4&3"')&$.0$*+$<"*#/B$0.//.5*#=$.#&$/"2=&$2*I&2$4"#(J$5>*3>$5")$9*00*3'/+$+.$0.//.57$

$

!"#$K"("$L"#=$)*+&,$-$+.+"/$.0$M$+2"#)&3+)$4&+5&&#$67;$"#9$:7N$(<$.0$/&#=+>$5&2&$

5"/(&97$?"3>$ +2"#)&3+$5")$5"/(&9$@$ +*<&)7$A*<&$.0$ +>&$ 9"B$5>&#$5"/(&9$5")$

"CC2.D*<"+&/B$ +>&$ )"<&$ 0.2$ &"3>$5"/($ 0.2$ 3.<C"2"4*/*+B7$E#&$ .0$ +>&$ +2"#)&3+)$

FGMH$5")$#.+$2&C&"+&9$+>&$+>*29$+*<&$F.#/B$:$2&C&"+)H$9'&$+.$I&2B$4"9$5&"+>&2$

3.#9*+*.#)$+>&$/")+$9"B$.0$0*&/9$5.2($5>&#$*+$5")$)'CC.)&9$+>&$4&$2&C&"+&9$+>&$@29$+*<&7$

$!"#"$%$&'()%(*)"(+&,'(-"($%.)*%$%)

$O&=&+"+*.#$ 9"+"$5")$ 3.//&3+&9$ 5*+>$ +>&$ C/.+/&))$ )"<C/*#=$<&+>.97$ -/.#=$ &"3>$

+2"#)&3+$ 0.'2$ C.*#+)$ F:NN$ +.$ ;NN$ <&+2&)$ "C"2+J$ 9&C&#9*#=$ .#$ /&#=+>$ .0$ +>&$

+2"#)&3+H$5&2&$ 2"#9.</B$)&/&3+&97$ -+$&"3>$C.*#+J$ 0.'2$P'"92"#+)$5&2&$ 32&"+&9$

')*#=$+5.$C&2C&#9*3'/"2$/*#&)$F42"#3>&)H$0.//.5*#=$+>&$Q.2+>RS.'+>T?")+RU&)+$

9*2&3+*.#$.0$+>&$3.<C"))$"#9$C.)*+*.#*#=$+>&$3&#+2&$.#$+>&$+2"#)&3+7$A>&$3/.)&)+$

+2&&$ 5*+>$ V!W$ X$ @N$ 3<$ 5*+>*#$ &"3>$ P'"92"#+$ 5")$ 2&3.29&9Y$ *#0.2<"+*.#$

F&)+*<"+*.#H$.#$+>&$32.5#$.0$+>&$+2&&J$>&*=>+$F+.$+>&$0*2)+$42"#3>$02.<$+>&$+2'#(HJ$

)C&3*&)$F/.3"/$#"<&$C2.I*9&9$4B$='*9&)$*0$(#.5#T).<&+*<&)$#"<&$5")$=*I&#$*#$

+>&$ /.3"/$ &+>#*3$ /"#='"=&HJ$ "#9$C>&#./.=B$)+"+')$ F<"+'2&$ /&"I&)J$B.'#=$/&"I&)J$

0/.5&2)J$02'*+)$*#$+2&&J$02'*+)$.#$=2.'#9$')*#=$"$)3.2&$02.<$N$+.$:H$5&2&$3.//&3+&97$

-$C>.+.=2"C>$5")$+"(&#$*#$&"3>$.0$+>&$P'"92"#+$"+$"$2"#9.<$C.)*+*.#$0.2$/"+&2$

&)+*<"+*.#$.0$3"#.CB$3.I&2$F')*#=$"$)3.2&$02.<$N$+.$;,$NZ$#.$/*=>+J$6Z$'C$+.$:[\$

/*=>+J$:Z$'C$+.$[N\$/*=>+J$@Z$'C$+.$1[\$/*=>+J$;Z$'C$+.$6NN\$/*=>+H7$K*#*<'<$"#9$

<"D*<'<$ +&<C&2"+'2&$ ")$ 5&//$ ")$ <*#*<'<$ "#9$ <"D*<'<$ >'<*9*+B$ 5")$

2&3.29&9$&I&2B$9"B$5*+>$"$+>&2<.>B=2.<&+2&7$

$

$

$



!"#$%&'()*+,-%.#("''

'!"#$#%#&' ()**+,-#.' /' 0)1-2' &#3)&2' !"#$' ,#"4%+)1&4-' 2454' 0+5"' 6)31*' )$' %&''

7&)1('3)8()*+5+)$.'%(''6##2+$7',#"4%+)1&*.'%)''&#*()$*#'5)'"184$*9'

'/+0(,1'(2'.3,+%.*'

'!"#$#%#&'#$3)1$5#&#2'4$:'*+7$')6'"184$'(&#*#$3#'+$'5"#'6)&#*5'04*'&#3)&2#2'

0+5"';<='()+$59'>"#*#'+$3-12#'*$4&#*'?4-)$7'4'5&43@')&'+*)-45#2'*$4&#*A.'(#)(-#'

348(*.' 84&@*')$' 5&##*',:' (#)(-#.' (#)(-#' 04-@+$7' 5"&)17"' 5"#' 6)&#*5.' -)77+$7.'

71$*")5*' #539' B)5#' 5"45' +6' 4' *$4&#' 5&43@' 04*' #$3)1$5#&#2.' 5"#' -455#&' 04*' $)5'

6)--)0#2' 5)'&#3)&2'+5*'-#$75"C')$-:')$#';<='()+$5'45' 5"#' -)345+)$'0"#$'3&)**#2'

04*'&#3)&2#29'=)8#'&#3)&2*')6'()+$5*'84:'"4%#',##$')6'5"#'*48#'5&43@'3&)**#2'

*#%#&4-' 5+8#*9' >"+*' 8#5")2' 4--)0*' 8#' 5)' ),54+$' 4$' +$2+345+)$' )6' 5"&#45*'

#$3)1$5#&#2' (#&' @+-)8#5&#' 04-@#29' D$:' 4$+84-' &#84+$*' $#E5' 5)' *$4&#*' 0#&#'

(")5)7&4("#2'6)&'-45#&'+2#$5+6+345+)$9'

'

*+,#-.,/'45+0#+*'%00(6".'

'=(#3+#*' 2#5#35+)$*' 4&#' &#(&#*#$5#2' )$' F+71&#' G' ?2+1&$4-' (&+845#*A.' F+71&#' H'

?,-43@I7+4$5'*J1+&&#-A'4$2'F+71&#'K'?")&$,+--*'*((A9'

'

!""#$%"%&'(%")"*$#+#,)%"*-.#+#+#*#""#$%/"0"&$)1#22#3*

L434J1#'*(#3+#*'0#&#' *+7"5#2')$'M')334*+)$*' )%#&' 5"#' (#&+)2N' H' 5+8#*' +$'O4$'

P#1@'4$2'G'5+8#*'+$'L4@49'Q#$*#'34$)(:'4$2R)&'2+*54$3#'6&)8'5"#'),*#&%#&'2+2'

$)5'(#&8+5'+2#$5+6+345+)$')6'5"#'*(#3+#*9'F&)8'5"#'3)-)1&')6'5"#'61&'4$2'5"#'6)&8'

)6'5"#'54+-.'5"#*#')$-:'84:'"4%#',##$'&"#*1*'8434J1#*'? 78'$6&%..%A')&'D**48#*#'

8434J1#*' ?78'%**%$+"*#*A9' !"#$' 4*@#2.' 5"#' 71+2#*' 1*14--:' *4+2' +5' 04*' &"#*1*'

8434J1#*.'")0#%#&'+5'+*'2+66+31-5'5)'2+*5+$71+*"'5"#*#'6&)8'D**48#*#'8434J1#*'

5"45' 4-*)' )331&' +$' 5"#' 4&#4.' 5"#&#6)&#' 5"#' 50)' *(#3+#*' 4&#' 3)$*+2#&#2' 5)7#5"#&'

"#&#9'S$')$#')334*+)$')$-:'G' -)$#'+$2+%+214-*'0"#&#'*+7"5#29'=+7"5+$7*')331&&#2'



!"#$%&'(%)*%+#%,-(,%$%./+0+)123%4526272"%8095+21:%+52%.60$./8%;#)/1%!/22%!"#$%

+52%#<82"72"83%=2$.068%#!%.%$.>.?)2%@#6/A%5.0"%/2!+:%0126+0!0>.+0#6%6#+%*#880</2B%

;2"2%8226%./#69%.%86."2%+".>C%06%D.6%E2)C%80+23%

%!"#$%&"'()*+,$'-'.#*,/!"#$%&'()*+,0,

F62%8+)$*G+.0/21%$.>.?)2%;.8% >.)95+% 06%.%86."2%./#69%#62%#!%+52%+".682>+8% 06%

H.C.%80+23%I52%86."2%;.8%+021%."#)61%0+8%/2!+%."$3%42%)6+021%+52%86."2%+#%"2/2.82%

+52%.60$./%J%0+%101%6#+%+"A%+#%"2808+%.+%.//:%*"#<.</A%<2>.)82%0+%;.8%./"2.1A%;2.C%

.61% 8>."21% J%;526% "2/2.821%0+% /2!+% ")66069%)8069% 0+8% !#)"% /298%.61% ."$8%;50>5%

8)9928+8%+5.+%0+%;0//%5#*2!)//A%8)"7072%!"#$%0+8%06K)"A3%

%

1*+&23'45*+,+6#-2,/-./$'0%)1#2+3$+4,0,

L6%D.6%E2)C%80+2:%1#)>8%;2"2%8095+21%#6%M%10!!2"26+%#>>.80#68%.+%+52%.**"#N0$.+2%

8.$2%/#>.+0#6%@,-O'%.61%,-P'%$%./+0+)12B:%;50>5%8)9928+8%+52%8.$2%9"#)*%;.8%

8095+213% F6% 8095+0698:% +52% 9"#)*% !/21% !"#$% +52% #<82"72"8% "095+% .;.A3% F6% +52%

82>#61%8095+069%;2%#<82"721%9"#)*%8*/0+G)*%;0+5%8#$2%0610701)./8%!/22069%06%#62%

10"2>+0#6%.61%#+52"8%06%+52%#**#80+2%10"2>+0#63%Q08+.6>2%!"#$%+52%#<82"72":%12682%

>.6#*A%.61%28>.*2%#!%+52%$#6C2A8%101%6#+%.//#;%+#%28+0$.+2%9"#)*%>#$*#80+0#6%

6#"%+#%"2>#"1%.6A%!221069%<25.70#)"3%%

%

L6% H.C.% 80+2:% 1#)>8% ;2"2% 8095+21% #6% M% 10!!2"26+% #>>.80#68:% .+% +;#% 10!!2"26+%

/#>.+0#68% .**"#N0$.+2/A% M% C$8% .*."+R% +52% M% 8095+0698% $.A% <2% #!% M% 10!!2"26+%

9"#)*83%I52%!0"8+%8095+069%#>>)""21%.+%.6%./+0+)12%#!%,M((%$:%+52%9"#)*%!/21%!"#$%

+52% #<82"72"8% "095+% .;.A:% 6#% ./."$% >.//8% ;2"2% 52."13% I52% 82>#61% 8095+069%

#>>)""21%.+%.6%2/27.+0#6%#!%&&-%$:%#6%.%>#/1%@STGUV%W2/80)8B%.61%;061A%1.A3%X#$2%

0610701)./8% !/21% !"#$%+52%#<82"72"8%;50/2%#+52"8%8+.A21% .<#72%)8%501069% 06%+52%

>.6#*A%!#"%.<#)+%,(%$06)+28:%8#$2%./."$%>.//8%;2"2%52."1%1)"069%+5.+%+0$23%Y//%

+52%0610701)./8%#!%+52%9"#)*%!06.//A%/2!+%06%+52%8.$2%10"2>+0#6%@52.1069%1#;6%+52%

$#)6+.06:%X#)+5G428+B3%I5"22%K)7260/28%;2"2%8095+21%.8%;2//%.8%.%$#+52"%.61%0+8%

06!.6+%#6%52"%<2//A3%Z"#)*%80[2%28+0$.+2%08%M(G'-%0610701)./83%%

%



!!!"#$"%&%"'()"*&+,)$%"-'."/&+!)-&0$%"1-2-34$*"5!"#$%&'(')6"&'"),$"*&)$*7"8),$9"0$-:"

1(';$.*"),-)"(2249"&'"<<="<>?"@$9$"'()"*&+,)$%A"-0),(4+,"),$",-B&)-)"(:"9(2;."

20&::*"),-)"&*":(4'%"&'"C-;-"&*"*4&)-B0$":(9"),$*$"*/$2&$*7"<("+&BB('*"@$9$"*$$'"(9"

,$-9%"%49&'+"),$")()-0&)."(:"),$":&$0%@(9;A"@,&2,"*4++$*)*"),$&9"-B*$'2$":9(1"),$"-9$-" 2(D$9$%7" #,$'" -*;$%A" D&00-+$9*" *-&%" ),-)" ),$." 4*4-00." ,$-9" ),$" +&BB('*"

-9(4'%"82)(B$9!<(D$1B$97"8'$"+9(4/"@-*",(@$D$9",$-9%"&'" ),$"1(9'&'+":9(1"

),$"D&00-+$"C-;-"=-&A""2(1&'+":9(1"-"1(4')-&'"E(4),!F-*)"(:"),$"D&00-+$7"!!!"

"

!"#$%&'(#)*+,-.(//0"+1!"#$%"&'()*+*, 2+

8:"),$"*/$2&$*")-9+$)$%A"B0-2;!+&-')"*34&99$0"@-*"),$"1(*)"$'2(4')$9$%"*/$2&$*7"

G$)$2)&('"(:" ),$" */$2&$*"@-*" $&),$9"1-%$"@&)," *&+,)&'+*" 5HI7J"K6"(9"D&-" ),$&9"

2,-9-2)$9&*)&2" 2-00*" 5LM7N" K67" 8D$9" ),$" 9$/$-)$%" )9-'*$2)" @-0;*A" -" )()-0" (:" JI"

%$)$2)&('*"@$9$"1-%$O"PQ"&'"R-'" S$4;"*&)$" -'%" T" &'"C-;-" *&)$7"?0)&)4%$"9-'+$"

:9(1"@,&2,"),$."@$9$"%$)$2)$%"&*"IIT")("PPUN"17"#,$'"*&+,)$%A"),$"-'&1-0*"%&%"

'()"4*$"-0-91"2-00*7"V$1-&'"(:"-"B0-2;!+&-')"*34&99$0"5)-&06"@-*"$'2(4')$9$%"'$W)"

)("-"*'-9$"&'"C-;-"*&)$A"-0('+"-"*'-9$")9-2;7"

"

34/)5(""+ -../+

X%$')&:&2-)&('"(:"),$" */$2&$*"@-*" *(1$)&1$*" '()" /(**&B0$"@,$'"('0."2-00*"@$9$"

,$-9%7"<('!&%$')&:&$%",(9'B&00"*/$2&$*"('0."@$9$",$-9%"&'"R-'"S$4;"*&)$"@&),"T"

%$)$2)&('*":9(1"2-00*":9(1"QPU")("THI"1"-0)&)4%$7"

"

!/46)+74/)5(""+1 01*,,2(1$-&#()34++( 2+

G49&'+" )9-'*$2)" @-0;*A" -" )()-0" (:" L" %$)$2)&('*" @$9$" 1-%$Y" J" &'" C-;-" *&)$" 5P"

%$)$2)&('":9(1"2-00A"-'%"P"%$)$2)&('":9(1"*&+,)6"-)"QMI"-'%"PUPQ"1"-0)&)4%$"-'%"M"

&'"R-'"S$4;"*&)$"5-00"%$)$2)$%"@&),"2-00*6"B$)@$$'"NMH"-'%"NLN"1"-0)&)4%$7""

"

8),$9"$'2(4')$9$%"(22499$%" (D$9" ),$" /$9&(%Y"Z9(1"D&00-+$"C-;-"=-&" -)" 0$-*)"M"

B9(@'",(9'B&00*" @$9$" *&+,)$%7" 8'"C-92," PH),A" -" +9(4/" (:" PL" B9(@'" ,(9'B&00*"

@$9$"*&+,)$%"('"),$"@-.":9(1"C-;-"[-'+")("2-1/"PA"R9(@'",(9'B&00"2-00*"@$9$"

-0*(",$-9%":9(1"2-1/"P"&'"C-;-"*&)$"5),$*$"%$)$2)&('*"-9$"'()"9$/9$*$')$%"('"),$"

Z&+49$"L67"



!

!"#$"%&'()*(+,-$.'/011,2 !"#$%&'()*+,#(&)&3,

"#$!%#&%'%&()*!+,%-.!/$&!#$012!,)3!3%4.-$&!!+5!!"#$%&'()*)+'%,!"$-)%#!6)#!7$(1!

3%-$!)-!889:!;!)*-%-(&$<!

!

===!"-.$/!)#%;)*3!&$-$0-$&!>/?;!3%4#3!%#0*(&$!@$)/3!+0*),!;)/13!?#!-/$$32A!3);@)!

&$$/3A!;(#-B)13!+&/?CC%#432A!5)3-!D3%)#!C?/0(C%#$!+3C%1$2A!,%*&!C%43!+C/%#-3!)#&!

/$;)%#3!%#!3#)/$2A!0%'$-3!+>)$0$3!)#&!/$;)%#!%#!3#)/$2A!@)&4$/3!+/$;)%#3!#$E-!-?!

3#)/$2A!)#&!?-.$/!#?#=%&$#-%>%$&!)#%;)*!/$;)%#3!%#!3#)/$3!+.)%/2<!===!

!!



!"

!"

!"

’4

[![!

[!

[!

$+

$+

$+

$+

$+

$+

$+

$+

Nam Theun

Nam Noy

Ban Teung

Ban Xeuk

Ban Mala Tai

Ban Maka Kang

!" Camps

Transects

Villages

[! doucs

’4 stump-tailed macaque (in snare)

$+ Assamese/Rhesus macaques

±

© Camille Coudrat

0 1 2 3 40.5

Km !!"#$%&'(!"#$%$&%'()"*+',-%+."(/"0'12)34"52'63%$+"012'),"%23)+$&%"7348+"*')&410'),"

2$54'&3%'()"7348+."')"93)":$18"+'%$"3)0";383"+'%$<"!!!



!"

!"

!"

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XYXYXY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XYXY

XY

XY

XYXY

XY

XY

XYXY

Nam Theun

Nam Noy

Ban Teung

Ban Xeuk

Ban Mala Tai

Ban Maka Kang

!" Camps

Transects

Villages

XY black giant squirrels

±

© Camille Coudrat

0 1 2 3 40.5

Km

!

!"#$%&' (!" #$%$&%'()" *+',-%+" .)/" &.00+1" (2" 30.&45,'.)%" +67'88$0+" *"#$%&#! '()*+*, 1"

/78'),"%8.)+$&%"9.04+"*')&07/'),"8$:0'&.%'()"9.04+1"')";.)"<$74"+'%$".)/"=.4."

+'%$>"

"

!



XYXYXY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XYXY

XY

XY

XYXY

XY

!"

!"

!"

Nam Theun

Nam Noy

Ban Teung

Ban Xeuk

Ban Mala Tai

Ban Maka Kang

!" Camps

Transects

Villages

XY hornbill species

XY rufous necked hornbill

XY brown hornbills

±

© Camille Coudrat

0 1 2 3 40.5

Km !!"#$%&' (!"#$%$&%'()"*+',-%" .)/" &.00+1" (2"-(3)4'00"+5$&'$+"/63')," %3.)+$&%"7.08+"

*')&06/'),"3$50'&.%'()"7.08+1"')"9.)":$68"+'%$".)/";.8."+'%$<"

"

!!!!



!"#$%"%&

&

!"#$%&'#(&%)(*(%+$,*,+#(*'&(-%./%(0(*1*((2%3"*(&#%)'#$%,4#'#5-(%,*"52-%677%#"%

8977%:%,;;*"<':,#(4/=%>0(*,1(%#(:;(*,#5*(%'2%!,2%?(5@%&'#(%),&%8A=6BC%:'2%D%

E6=EBC%:,<%,2-%,0(*,1(%$5:'-'#/%),&%68=7F%:'2%D%GA=9F%:,<=%%H2%I,@,%&'#(J%

,0(*,1(% #(:;(*,#5*(%),&% 88=EBC%:'2% D%8K=GBC%:,<% ,2-% ,0(*,1(%$5:'-'#/%),&%

KE=EF%:'2%D%GA=LF%:,<=%M,'2%"++5**(-%9%-,/&%'2%I,@,%.5#%2(0(*%'2%!,2%?(5@=%%

%

N,#,%+"44(+#(-%"2%0(1(#,#'"2%'&%2"#%;*(&(2#(-%$(*(%O-,#,%'2;5#%'2%;*"+(&&P=%%

%

!"#$%&'((

%Q$*(,#&%(2+"52#(*(-%'2%."#$%,*(,&%)(*(R%&2,*(&%O('#$(*%'&"4,#(-%#*,;&%"*%&(0(*,4%

,4"21%,% #*,+@PJ% ;(";4(% +,:;&%,2-% S'(#2,:(&(%:,*@&%"2% #*((&=% T"%152&$"#&%"*%

;(";4(%)(*(%(2+"52#(*(-=%>44%"3%#$(&(%,*(%*(;*(&(2#(-%"2%U'15*(%6=%%

%

V'<#((2%O86P%#$*(,#&%)(*(%(2+"52#(*(-%'2%!,2%?(5@%&'#(%,2-%#)(2#/W#)"%OEEP%'2%

I,@,% &'#(=% Q$(% &,:(% &2,*(% #*,+@% ),&% &":(#':(&% +*"&&(-% &(0(*,4% #':(% .5#%

*(+"*-(-%,1,'2%,&%,%#$*(,#%#"%".#,'2%#$*(,#&%(2+"52#(*(-%;(*%@:%),4@(-=%H2%!,2%

?(5@%8=7K%#$*(,#&%)(*(%(2+"52#(*(-X@:%),4@(-%,2-%'2%I,@,J%8=A9%#$*(,#&X@:%

),4@(-%O#*,2&(+#%),4@%*(;4'+,#'"2&%,*(%2"#%'2+45-(-%,&%,44%#$(%#$*(,#&%*(+"*-(-%

)(*(% Y3'<(-ZJ% -'&#,2+(% ),4@(-% #"% 1"% 3*":% "2(% #*,2&(+#% #"% #$(% "#$(*% D%

,;;*"<':,#(4/%[77:\'&%'2+45-(-P=%

%

>4#$"51$% &(4(+#(-% *,2-":4/% .(3"*(% ,**'0'21% "2% &'#(J% E% "3% #$(% #*,2&(+#&% )(*(%

&'#5,#(-% ,4"21% &2,*(&% #*,+@&% '2% I,@,=% V2,*(&% )(*(% &":(#':(&% "4-% ,2-% 2"#%

352+#'"2,4%O,4#$"51$%&":(%)'*(&%)(*(%&#'44%$,21'21%"2%#$(%.*,2+$P=%](";4(%5&'21%

&2,*(&%:,/% +":(% .,+@% (0(*/% &(,&"2% #"% ;5#% '2% ;4,+(%"4-% ,2-%2()%)'*(&=% !"#$%

S'(#2,:%;(";4(%+*"&&'21%#$(%."*-(*%,2-%;(";4(%3*":%0'44,1(&%'2%#$(%,*(,%:,/%;5#%

'2%;4,+(%#$(%&2,*(&=%S'(#2,:%;(";4(%+":(%'2#"%#$(%T]>%4(1,44/%"*%'44(1,44/%#"%#*,-(%

1""-&%O*'+(J%2""-4(&J%+4"#$(&J%1,&"4'2(%J%.((*%(#+=P%)'#$%0'44,1(*&%,2-%:,/%1(#%'2%

*(#5*2%)'4-4'3(%$52#(-%./%0'44,1(*&=%>44%&2,*(&%(2+"52#(*(-%)(*(%*(:"0(-R%'2%!,2%

?(5@%&'#(J%,%#"#,4%"3%8[6%&2,*(%)'*(&%)(*(%*(:"0(-%,2-%97L%'2%I,@,%&'#(=%>2':,4%



!"#$%&'()$*+,-(%&('&$!"'(%&).*/"0(!"#"#"$%&&'(1%&(2$&(3"*456()%7"-6(8$/+"!6(8.$)49

+%$&-(':*%!!".6(;%./(<%+6($&/(=-,"!(&=&(%/"&-%>%"/(#$##$.(,$%!(1%&(?$4$5@(A&"(.%7"(

'-*#<9-$%."/(#$)$:*"()$*+,-(%&($('&$!"(;$'(!"."$'"/(%&(?$4$(1'""($8=7"5@(

(

E

E

EE

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

EE

E

E

E

E

EE

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

E

#*#*

#*#*

f f

f

f

f

f

f

f

f

ff

Nam Theun

Nam Noy

Ban Teung

Ban Xeuk

Ban Mala Tai

Ban Maka Kang

Ban Tong Noy

Villages f Vietnamese marks on tree

#* people camps

E snares

±

© Camille Coudrat

0 1 2 3 40.5Km

((!"#$%&'(0(-,!"$-("&)=*&-"!"/(/*!%&+(>%"./(;=!4(%&(2$&(3"*4('%-"($&/(?$4$('%-"@(

'



!"#$%%"&'()*$&+,

,!

! "#$%&!#'!()*!+,)+&!-./0.'!/0)!1234!5)&#%,$)&!&0#%67!8)!7.,)$/)7!/#!&#9)!()*!+,)+&!%'/.6!/0)&)!+,)!$#'/,#66)7!:#,!.66);+6!+$/.<./.)&=!

! >#'/,#6! #:! .66);+6! 0%'/.';4! 2+/,#6&! +'7! 6+-! )':#,$)9)'/! &0#%67! 8)!

.'$,)+&)7! +'7! 7.,)$/)7! /#! /0#&)! :#$%&! +,)+&?! @+/,#66.';! &0#%67!8)!7#')!

,);%6+,6*!+'7!+6#';!7.::),)'/!,#%/)&?!@+/,#66.';!/)+9&!&0#%67!8)!,);%6+,6*!

&%@),<.&)7!8*!AB23!&/+::?!:.')&!&0#%67!8)!.'$,)+&)7!-0)'!.66);+6!+$/.<./*!

.&!-./')&&)7?! .'$,)+&)!@+/,#6&! +6#';! /0)! C+#DE.)/'+9!8#,7),! /#! $#'/,#6!

.66);+6!)'/,*!#:!E.)/'+9)&)!-./0.'!/0)!3,)+=!!

! F'$#%,+;)! 1+/.#'+6! +'7! G'/),'+/.#'+6! )H@),/&! +'7! &/%7)'/&! /#! $#'7%$/!&/%7.)&!.'!11I!+'7!%&)!7+/+!$#66)$/)7!:#,!9+'+;)9)'/!7)$.&.#'&=!

! B+()! C+#! @,#7%$/&! +<+.6+86)! /#! <.66+;)&! $6#&)! /#! E.)/'+9! 8#,7),! /0+/!

7)@)'7!#'!E.)/'+9)&)!;##7&!+'7!9+*!/,+7)!/0)9!-./0!0%'/)7!-.676.:)=!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!



!"#$%&'(&!)*$*+,#-).&$#/%0&1,*2&3#0&4%5/&#06&7#/#&.8$%.9&:#/#8&:#2&;)%50&:!<9&=%>?7#,@)&AB''&

<082#"&$,#-9&3#0&4%5/&.8$%9&=%>&AB''C&D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&

F0#,%.&$,#@/9&3#0&4%5/&.8$%9&=%>&AB''C&D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&

7#@#G5%&,%2#80.9&3#0&4%5/&.8$%9&=%>&AB''C&D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&

E8H%$&,%2#80.9&7#/#&.8$%9&7#,@)&AB''C&D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&

3#6+%,&,%2#80.9&7#/#&.8$%9&7#,@)&AB''C&D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&

:*0&86%0IJ%6&#082#"&,%2#80.9&7#/#&.8$%9&7#,@)&AB''C&&

D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&

3"#@/&+8#0$&.G58,,%"&$#8"9&7#/#&.8$%9&7#,@)&AB''C&&&

D&E#28""%&E*56,#$&



!"#$%!&'!()&*!"+,-!'.&/!-.+001+,23!4!5+/#11$!5&*2.+6!

!

!

!

!

78(97:!;79<!;=8>?!:7=(!:9!!"#$%&'(#)!"*@!+,$&

!-$%&,*",A!BCDC=!BC<!:E8FB!BC:=9BC>!

(79:85:8?!C78CA!>C9!(?73!!

!

!

GH6)!I*1J!6&!K.2!C*-*06!LMGG!

!

!

5+/#11$!5&*2.+6!

&

&



!"#$%&'(#)%"*

!"#$%!&'()*+,-!.+/'.-%!',!0!1$+2&!-.$/!$,!3040$530*!"#+),!30-$',02!6.'-+(-+&!7.+0!

833"!3679!$,!:0'!6;<=!"#+!.+%+0.(#!$%!/0.-!'1!*>!6#;!/.'?+(-!0-!@A1'.&!B.''4+%!

C,$D+.%$->!),&+.!-#+!%)/+.D$%$',!'1!;.=!3+40.$%!0,&!;.=!3$?*0,=!"#+!1$.%-!1$+2&!-.$/%!

8(=1=!/.+D$')%!.+/'.-%9!/+.*$--+&!-'!.+1'()%!-#+!*0$,!.+%+0.(#!0$*%=!"#+!.+%+0.(#!

,'E!1'()%%$,F!',!%).D+>$,F!022!&$).,02!/.$*0-+!%/+($+%G!#'.,H$22%!0,&!H20(45F$0,-!

%I)$..+2%! 'D+.!33"! 367J! 02',F! %$&+! -#+! %).D+>G! -#.+0-%! 0,&! D+F+-0-$',! &0-0!0.+!

.+('.&+&!0-!+0(#!%$-+=!"#+!.+%)2-%!E$22!022'E!$*/.'D$,F!*0,0F+*+,-!%-.0-+F$+%!'1!

-#+!367=!

!

K'!10.G!-#.++!%$-+%!#0D+!H++,!D$%$-+&L!30*!M#0+!830D0,F!(2)%-+.9G!B0,!N+)4!0,&!B0,!

O040!P0,F!7.+0%!8"+),F! (2)%-+.9=! "#$%! 20%-! -.$/!E0%! (',&)(-+&! $,!"+),F!(2)%-+.!

0F0$,!820.F+%-!(2)%-+.!'1!-#+!3679G!$,!B0,!"',F!0.+0=!

!

"#$%!-.$/!E0%!(0..$+&!')-!%$*)2-0,+')%2>!E$-#!0!(0*+.0!-.0/!/.'?+(-!$,!-#+!0.+0!-'!

%).D+>! F0).%! 8!"#$ %&'('#9=! "#+.+1'.+G! H+(0)%+! '1! -$*+! (',%-.0$,-%G! Q! (')2&! ,'-!

1'22'E!022!'1!*>!/.'?+(-R%!*+-#'&%!8%++!*+-#'&%!%+(-$',9=!

*

+,#-%&.*

*

)*#*&(+,$#-.*$!"#+!%$-+!D$%$-+&!$%!),&+.!-#+!.+%/',%$H$2$->!'1!B0,!"',F!0,&!B0,!S0,F4')0>!E$-#$,!

"+),F!(2)%-+.!8T!U!',!1$F).+!V9=!B'-#!D$220F+%!0.+!1.'*!-#+!B.)!+-#,$(!F.')/G!H)-!0.+!

12)+,-! $,!:0'!0%!E+22=! !"#+!.+%+0.(#!%$-+!$%! 0((+%%$H2+!H>!D$0!30*!8W.$D+.9!"#+),G!

1.'*!E#$(#!E+!%-'/!0-!B0,!P'.H',F!8'.!B0,!O04!X)+,F9G!B0,!"',F!$%!-#+,!.+0(#+&!

E024$,F!',!0!-.0(4!2$,4$,F!-#+!D$220F+%!8Y!Z#.%!E0249J!<+%+0.(#!%$-+!$%!0((+%%$H2+!H>!

E024$,F!1.'*!B0,!"',F!8Y[!#.%!E0249=!<+%+0.(#!%$-+!E$-#!-.0,%+(-%!$%!/.+%+,-+&!',!

X$F).+!\=!

!



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%$&!#$'!()*+,!#$-&.,$/!01.-*2-*3!41*$!$,3!3*/&'&-$-&.,!.5!6-1$-*7&2!

8.,*6!9&-)&,!-)*!41*$!:;<=04>!

!



!!

"#$%&'!("!#$%&'($)!$*!'+,!-,.,&-%+!.(',!/('+()!0,1)2!%31.',-!/('+!-,4-,.,)'&'($)!$*!

'-&).,%'.!/&35,6!&)6!'+,!7(33&2,.!7(.(',6!$7,-!'+,!.'168!4,-($69!!!!!!!

Ban Korbong

Ban Vangkouay

Ban Tong

Ban Makfueng

Nam Theun

Nam Noy

±

0 5 10 15 20 25 302.5

km

VIETNAM

!!!!!!!!!!!!!



!"#$%$#$&'(!"#$%&!#'($)$($*+!,-!(.*!+(/0&!1*2$,0!#2*!0*+'2$3*0!$4!5#3%*!67!

!!"#$%&'8!"*+'2$1($,4!,-!(.*!#'($)$($*+!!

(")%*& +,)-.-)/& (%*,0-1)-23&

69(.!:/%&!;<66! "*1#2(/2*!-2,=!>?@A!,--$'*B!C/0,=+,/D!

E$%%#F*B!G#D#$!"$+(2$'(!!

H!5#D$4F!#!3,#(!F,$4F!/1!(.*!G#=!IJ$)*2K!5.*/4L!+(,1!#(!M#4!N,23,4F!

6O(.!:/%&!;<66! M#4!N,23,4F! H!P(,1!,)*2!,4*!0#&!$4!M#4!N,23,4F!-,2!12,Q*'(!,4!%$)*%$.,,0!0*)*%,1=*4(!

',40/'(*0!3&!?$'.*%%*!P=$(.7!

H!"$+(2$3/($,4!,-!6<!'.$%02*4!+(,2&3,,D+!R)*%&(+,-./0(#1&(2&34

'1*5.&3(3,-"6 !(,!M#4!N,23,4F!+'.,,%!

#40!6<!3,,D+!(,!M#4!5.#$1.#$3#4!+'.,,%7!

;<+( !:/%&!;<66! M#4!N,23,4F!(,!M#4!5,4F!

H!S!T!.2+!U#%D!!H!?**($4F!U$(.!M#4!5,4FV+!)$%%#F*!'.$*-!

(,!$4-,2=!#3,/(!-$*%0!U,2D!#40!.$2*!)$%%#F*2+!(,!'#22&!*W/$1=*4(!(,!'#=1!

H!"$+(2$3/($,4!,-!6<!'.$%02*4!

+(,2&3,,D+!R)*%&(+,-./0(#1&(2&34 '1*5.&3(3,-"6 !(,!M#4!5,4F!+'.,,%7!

;6+( !:/%&!;<66! M#4!5,4F!(,!X+(,1!,)*2!

-,2*+(!'#=1Y!$4!(.*!-,2*+(!,4!(.*!U#&!(,!2*+*#2'.!

+$(*!

S!Z!.2+!U#%D![!',/%0!4,(!2*#'.!-$2+(!

'#=1!,4!($=*L!',4+(2#$4(!(,!+(,1!-,2!,4*!4$F.(!$4!(.*!-,2*+(!

;;40!:/%&!;<66! X+(,1!,)*2!-,2*+(!'#=1Y!

(,!\A?@!6!

S!Z!.2+!U#%D!

;]20!:/%&!;<66! 52#4+*'(!6!I7("*8&2*(

#2*9('&##$5:K!!

;T(.!:/%&!;<66! 52#4+*'(!;!I7("*8&2*(

#2*9('&##$5:K!

!

;Z(.!:/%&!;<66! ;*8&2*(#2*9('&##$5:( !

;^(.!:/%&!;<66! 52#4+*'(!]!_!T!I7("*8&2*(

#2*9('&##$5:K!

!

;`(.!:/%&!;<66! "#&!,--! a**(!$4Q/2&!

;9(.!:/%&!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!Z!_!^!! !;O(.!:/%&!;<66! \A?@!6!(,!\A?@!;! !

]<(.!:/%&!;<66! b=1,++$3$%$(&!(,!',40/'(!(2#4+*'(!U#%D+!3*'#/+*!,-!

.*#)&!2#$4!

!

]6+( !:/%&!;<66! \A?@!;!(,!\A?@!]( >*!0*'$0*0!4,(!(,!+(#&!#(!\A?@!;!#+!(.*!2$)*2!.#0!-%,,0*0B!#40!#4&!-$*%0!

U,2D!#2,/40!(.*!#2*#!U,/%0!.#)*!

3**4!0$--$'/%(!6+( !A/F/+(!;<66! ;*8&2*(#2*9('&##$5:! b=1,++$3$%$(&!(,!',40/'(!(2#4+*'(!



!"#$%&'()"*%(&+,&-("./&0"12&

324&5*6*%7&3899& :5;<&=&7+&>"2&

?"26$+*"/&

@&A&-0%&!"#$&

=04&5*6*%7&3899& >"2&?"26$+*"/&7+&>"2&

;"$,*(26&

&&

&>"2&;"$,*(26&7+&B"$"1&

'/&'+"7&

C&@&D&-0%&!"#$&

C&E1%701'*71+2&+,&98&)-1#40(2&

%7+0/'++$%&F!"#$%&'()*+%,-$%.$/0 1-"2)$/%/'(34 &7+&>"2&;"$,*(26&%)-++#&

%

%

5$"6%%!"#$%%"&'($))*"&+,-.'/ &GH012)1H"#&12.(%716"7+0I&

!"#.0"&1'2/')'31+2*"4'2/1'5+26&G5%%1%7"27J&K;<5&%7",,C>1+41.(0%17/&%()71+2I&

!"#."71'((8"91+(('5+26%'&GL1#M&"24&<-+7+60"H-&)+.(0"6(&+,&7-(&701HJ&K;<5&

%7",,C:+MM*217/&N*70(")-&"24&:+2%(0."71+2&5!"0(2(%%&%()71+2I&

!"#$%%"#$:1*))*";($/1&O,0+M&9P7-&7+&3A7-&Q*#/RG;S)&H0+T()7&+2&U1.(#1-++4&

4(.(#+HM(27&12&V+0'+26&.1##"6(I&

C&98&.1##"6(0%&,0+M&>"2&W+26&"24&>"2&?"26$+*"/&-10(4&,0+M&39%7 &Q*#/&7+&3=04&Q*#/&7+&

)"00/&(X*1HM(27&G)"M(0"%I&"24&,++4&%*HH#/&

C&Y&.1##"6(0%&,0+M&3=04&Q*#/&7+&3A7-&Q*#/&&

C&3&.1##"6(0%&,0+M&3A7-&Q*#/&7+&324&5*6*%7&

&

W0"2%()7%&!(0(&!"#$(4&!17-&"&7("M&+,&Y&7+&Z&H(+H#([&

&

5."21$3,%7"8)1%

%>()"*%(&!(&)+24*)7(4& %1M*#7"2(+*%#/& 7-(& )"M(0"& 70"H&H0+T()7& "24& 7-(& 70"2%()7&

!"#$%J& 71M(& 414& 2+7& H(0M177(4& 0(H("7%& +,& 7-(& 70"2%()7&!"#$%[& \")-& 70"2%()7&!"%&

!"#$(4& +2)([& >()"*%(& +,& '"4& !("7-(0& )+24171+2%& "24& 71M(& )+2%70"127%& +2#/& %1]&

70"2%()7%&!(0(&!"#$(4&G:5;<&9I[&E"7"&+2&$(/&%H()1(%&"24&7-0("7%&!(0(&-+!(.(0&

0()+04(4&"7&"##&71M(%&G4*0126&"##&+7-(0&")71.171(%&)+24*)7(4I[&&

<#("%(&0(,(0&7+&H0(.1+*%&0(H+07%&,+0&4(7"1#%&+2&70"2%()7&!"#$&M(7-+4%[&

%

%%



!"#"$%$&'()*%$%)!"#$%&$!'$($'!)*!+'$,-*.&!'$+*')&!(*'!/$)%-#&!*0!,$1$)%)-*0!/%)%!2$)3*/&4!

)

+",'-*)'.)$/-"%$0))

"#$%&$!'$($'!)*!+'$,-*.&!'$+*')&!(*'!/$)%-#&!)3'$%)!'$5*'/&!2$)3*/&4!!

)

1&0,200&'()3&$/)4&55%#"-0)

)6!&$)!*(!7.$&)-*0&!8%&!+'$+%'$/!(*'!&$2-9&)'.5).'$/!-0)$',-$8!8-)3!,-##%1$'&!

+%')-5-+%)-01!-0!)3$!)'-+:!

9 ;3%)!+'-2%)$!&+$5-$&!*55.'!-0!)3$!%'$%<!=8-)3*.)!&3*8-01!%0>!+-5).'$&!)*!

%,*-/!#$%/-01?!

9 @*8!*()$0A(*'!3*8!#*01A3*8!(%'!/*!>*.!1*!-0)*!)3$!(*'$&)<!

9 ;3%)!%1$!/*!>*.!&)%')!1*-01!-0!)3$!(*'$&)<!

9 ;3%)!/*!>*.!5*##$5)!('*2!)3$!(*'$&)<!

9 B*!>*.!($$#!)3%)!%0-2%#!+*+.#%)-*0&!3%,$!/$5'$%&$/<!

! ;3><!

9 ;3%)!/*$&!CD%)-*0%#!"'*)$5)$/!6'$%E!2$%0&!)*!>*.<!

9 @*8!3%&!-)!53%01$/!)3$!8%>!>*.!#-,$!#-($!3$'$<!

9 ;3%)!/*$&!;F"6!/*!-0!)3$!%'$%<!

9 G0!>*.'!#-($H!3%,$!>*.!&$$0!%0>!53%01$&!-0!)3$!'.#$&<!

! I*'!$J%2+#$<!

9 B*!>*.!($$#!%0-2%#&!%0/!)'$$&!%'$!)3'$%)$0$/!-0!)3$!%'$%<!

9 ;3%)!/*!>*.!($$#!&3*.#/!K$!/*0$!)*!+'*)$5)!%0-2%#&!%0/!)'$$&<!

9 @*8!/*!>*.!)3-0L!,-##%1$'&!5%0!K$!2*'$!-0,*#,$/!-0!5*0&$',%)-*0<!

9 ;3%)!-&!&)*++-01!+$*+#$!('*2!/*-01!-)<!

9 B*!>*.!*()$0!&$$!*.)&-/$'&!-0!(*'$&)!%0/A*'!,-##%1$<!

! @*8!*()$0<!

! ;3%)!%'$!)3$>!/*-01<!

9 B*!>*.!K.>!1**/&!('*2!)3$2<!

!

M3$!-0)$',-$8!)%L$&!+#%5$!-0(*'2%##>!%)!)3$!5%2+&-)$4!N$)!*(!7.$&)-*0&!-&!%&L$/H!%0/!

(.')3$'!7.$&)-*0&!5%0!K$!%&L$/!/$+$0/-01!*0!)3$!%0&8$'&!*(!)3$!'$&+*0/$0)&4!



!"#$%"&'$"()*(+*,-"./%0)*#$(%1&((2#*$(*3"..450*#,-((.#*

*!"#$%#&' ()*+'64%0*+(%*$-0*7"./*8)$0%)4$"()4.*,-.')/0/%1/$* (*)' 2"34%0-5%*#'*('+6'

07%4$)/#' .5*)63**8' 9:430* !('21;* $-0* %0/* #-4)20/* /(',<* 2%05")%#&' -' 3-36' )/$9

.7-#8/$' $*"0' 57-5' %.' 3/%#&' 0-25")/$' (*)' 2/5' 5)-$/:' ;7/' 3**8' -%+.' 5*' )-%./'

-,-)/#/..' *('2)%+-5/'2/5'5)-$/'-#$'-#%+-4' 0*#./)1-5%*#'-+*#&' 6*"#&'07%4$)/#:'

;/<5' %.' %#'=#&4%.7'-#$'>-*:'?%#/'7"#$)/$'0*2%/.',/)/'2)%#5/$'(*)'$%.5)%3"5%*#' %#'

>-*' @AB:'C#/' 7"#$)/$' 0*2%/.',/)/'&%1/#' 5*'DE@F' (*)' $%.5)%3"5%*#' %#' 57/'?@F'

G/4/05)*#%0'0*26'*('57/'3**8',-.'-4.*'&%1/#'5*'DE@FH'(*)'2)%#5%#&'+*)/'3**8.',%57'

57/%)'*,#'("#$%#&'%#'*)$/)'5*'0*1/)'-44'1%44-&/.'%#'57/'?@FIJ'-#*57/)'*#/'7"#$)/$'

-)/'$%.5)%3"5/$'57)*"&7'+6'2)*K/05'-05%1%5%/.' %#'57/'?@FL'MN' 0*2%/.' *('57/' 3**8.'

,%44'3/'$%.5)%3"5/$'5*'-44'1%44-&/'.07**4.'1%.%5/$:''

!

"#$%&'$!

'

:=0,"0#*4,,(')$*

'

F44')/0*)$.'*('.2/0%/.'*1/)'57/'.5"$6'2/)%*$'-)/'2)/./#5/$'7/)/:'O2/0%/.'$/5/05%*#.'

-)/')/2)/./#5/$'*#'!%&")/'P'G$%")#-4'2)%+-5/.IH'!%&")/'Q'G&%33*#'0-44.IH'!%&")/'R'

G34-089&%-#5'.S"%))/4I'-#$'!%&")/'T'G3)*,#'7*)#3%44.I:'

'

!""#$%"%&$#'#()%&*+#'#'#&#""#$%,"-".&#,/&+#'#'#&"01&

C#/' &)*"2'*('F..-+/./'+-0-S"/.',-.' .%&75/$'-5' 57/' /#$' *(' 5)-#./05'U' GMVW'QVX'

RR:VYYZ'?'MNRW'PMX'MU:N[QZ'=I'*#'57/'UQ57'\"46'-5'MP7RN',7%4/')-%#%#&:']#$%1%$"-4.'

.%&75/$' G^QI' (4/$' ()*+'*3./)1/)'-(5/)'^M'+%#"5/'*('*3./)1-5%*#:'_)*"2'.%`/',-.'

#*5'2*..%34/'5*'/.5%+-5/:''

'

C#/'+-0-S"/'.8"44'-#$'7-%)'G&)/6'%#'0*4*")'2*..%346'-55)%3"5/$'5*')7/.".'+-0-S"/'

>?*@'.4$$4I',/)/' *3./)1/$' -5' -' a%/5#-+/./' 0-+2' GMVW' QVX' MN:MNMZ'?' MNRW' PNX'

UT:[TQZ'=IJ'.//'@4-5/'M:'

'

?*#/'*57/)'+-0-S"/'.2/0%/.',-.'.%&75/$'*1/)'57/'.5"$6'5%+/:'



!

"#$%&'()*#$!$+,-!.!"#$%&'()*+,-$,.//!

"#$! %&'()#$!$*+,!-'%! %./&0#$! *(!%#1#(!$.22#3#(0! *,,'%.*(%4! 0&#3#2*3#! 0&#!5*%0!

%./&0#$! $.+3('6! 73.5'0#! %7#,.#%8! 9*+3! *2! 0&#! %./&0.(/%! *,,+33#$! $+3.(/! 03'(%#,0!

-'6)%! :0-*! *(! 03'(%#,0! ;4! 0-*! *(! 03'(%#,0! <=8! >(! 0&#! ?<3$! @+6A4! 0-*! %./&0.(/%!

*,,+33#$!*(!03'(%#,0!;!:7*%%.B6A!*2!0-*!$.22#3#(0!/3*+7%=!'0!;<&;C!'0!D<E!5!'8%868!

:;DF!GDH!?;8DE<I!J!;KCF!<;H!;?8<;DI!L!M!N;!*(!5'7=!'($!;G&G<!'0!OKD!5!'8%868!:;DF!

GDH!C<8?D?I!J!;KCF!<;H!?P8DO?I!M!N?=8!Q&#!6'00#3!%./&0.(/!*,,+33#$!'B*1#!'!%('3#!

6.(#! :R;K! 5! 'B*1#! *B%#31#3%=! 0&'0! &'$! S+%0! B##(! %#0! +7! BA! T.#0('5#%#! 7#*76#!

:-&*!0**)!+%!0*!0&#.3!,'57!0*!,*(2.%,'0#!3#5'.(.(/!%('3#%!'($!%#($!0&#5!B',)!0*!

T.#0('5U! *(#! *2! *+3! /+.$#4! 23*5! T.#0('5! *3./.('66A! '%)#$! 0&#! %('3#3%! .2! 0&#A!

&+(0#$!$*+,%4! 0&#A! %'.$! 0&#A! $.$!(*0!'%! 0&#A! $.$!(*0!&'1#! /+(%!-.0&! 0&#5! V!,828!

Q&3#'0%!%#,0.*(=8!>(!0&#!?G0&!@+6A4!*(#!/3*+7!-'%!%./&0#$!'0!;G&<C!'0!PPC!5!'8%868!

:;DF!GDH!<K8EKCI!J!;KCF!<KH!GP8EKGI!L!M!N<=!,6*%#!0*!'!6'3/#!/3'%%6'($8!>(!0&#!?C0&!

*(#!/3*+7!-'%!%./&0#$!'0!;D&CK!'0!D;O!5!'8%868!:;DF!GOH!G8O<;I!J!;KCF!<KH!CP8EGCI!

L!M!NG=8!>(!0&#!?P0&!@+6A!0-*!%./&0.(/%!*,,+33#$!'6*(/!0&#!03'(%#,0!<!:7*%%.B6A!0-*!

$.22#3#(0!/3*+7%=!'0!;K&?O!'0!EEE!5!'8%868!:;DF!GPH!CK8?O?I!J!;KCF!<KH!CP8GCEI!M!NC=!

'($!'0!;;&C;!'0!E;P!5!'8%86!:;DF!GPH!?;8CGKI!J!;KCF!<;H!?K8;COI!L!M!NP=8!>(!0&#!?O0&!

*(#!/3*+7!-'%!%./&0#$!*22!03'(%#,0!P!:*(!0&#!-'A!0*!0&#!03'(%#,0!%0'30.(/!7*.(0=!'0!

;;&<G!'0!E?D!5!'8%868!:;DF!GPH!;K8GDDI!J!;KCF!<KH!G;8D<CI!L!M!ND=!0-*!B'B.#%!-#3#!

%##(8! 9*3! '66! %./&0.(/! 0&#! '(.5'6%! 26#$! 23*5! 0&#! *B%#31#3%! '%! %**(! '%! %7*00#$8!!

W3*+7!%.X#!#%0.5'0.*(!-'%!(*0!7*%%.B6#!2*3!'66!%./&0.(/%!$+#!0*!/3*+7!26##.(/!'($!

$#(%#!,'(*7A8!Y66!*2!0&#!%./&0.(/%!'3#!73#%#(0#$!.(!2./+3#!<8!

!

0+,1'#2)!3'41#%-'##*#$!5466+)!.01-$/2./*/(3( /!

W.BB*(%!-#3#!&#'3$!%.(/.(/!#1#3A!5*3(.(/!23*5!ZY[\!;!'($!23*5!0-*!*0&#3!%.0#%!

-&.6#!/*.(/!0*!*3!6#'1.(/!23*5!'!,'57!:;K!$'A%!.(!0*0'6=8!Y66!*2!0&#!,'66%!-#3#!&#'3$!

B#0-##(!'773*].5'0#6A!G&<K!'($!P&<K!'5!:-.0&!'(!#],#70.*(!*2!*(#!%*(/!&#'3$!'0!

;K&GK!*(!0&#!??($!@+6A!*(!*+3!-'A!0*!ZY[\!;!^;DF!GPH!C?8C?CI!J!;KCF!?DH!GG8EO?I!

L! M! N;_! V! 0&#! 5*3(.(/! &'$! B##(! 3'.(A=U! -&#(! '0! ZY[\! ?! '($! ZY[\! <! -#!

#]7#3.#(,#$!&#'1A!5*3(.(/!3'.(4!$+3.(/!-&.,&!/.BB*(%!+%+'66A! $*!(*0! %.(/8!>(#!

%.(/6#!5'6#!-'%!&#'3$!%.(/.(/!5*3(.(/!%*6*%!23*5!?<3$!0*!?C0&!@+6A!J*30&#'%0#3(!*2!



!"#$%&'%()%*+,%-.*+/%*+,%0102,3*,4%056,%657,%8)48984157%:50%+,5;4%08)<8)<%5%41,*%

:8*+%5%=,657,%>?1*+,50*,;)%?=%!"#$%&%5*%@ABB%6%5:5C%=;?6%3562%D*+,%2;,98?10%

08)<7,%657,%:50%)?*%+,5;4%=;?6%8*0%;,<175;%08)<8)<%08*,%*+80%45CEF%5*%G+-G%0*877%*+,%

0102,3*,4% 056,% 657,% 8)48984157% :50% 08<+*,4% 7,528)<% 5H?9,% !"#$% &% D&GI% A.J%

KL'G.AM%N%&BKI%-OJ%K&'PB.M%Q%R%S-E%7,598)<%=;?6%*+,%5;,5%:+,;,%8*%+54%H,,)%+,5;4%

41,*8)<'%()%*+,%-O*+%T17C/%:+87,%6?98)<%=;?6%!"#$%&%*?%!"#$%-%?),%08)<7,%657,%

:50%+,5;4%D&GI%A.J%AB'BGGM%N%&BKI%-OJ%-A'.PBM%Q%R%SPE%@KB%6%5:5C%=;?6%*+,%*,56'%

U+,%;,3?;40%4,03;8H,4%5H?9,%5;,%2;,0,)*,4%8)%=8<1;,%P'%U+,%522;?V865*,%48;,3*8?)%

?=%3577%=;?6%577%<;?120%+,5;4%=;?6%!"#$%&%80%;,2;,0,)*,4%8)%=8<1;,%A'%"*%7,50*%K%

<;?120%?331;%8)%*+,%5;,5%3?9,;,4%D*+;,,%35770%=;?6%48==,;,)*%48;,3*8?)0%65C%+59,%

H,,)%?=%*+,%056,%08)<7,%657,EF%6?;,%<;?120% 3,;*58)7C% ?331;%8)% *+,%5;,5/%*+,%;58)%

2;,9,)*,4%10%*?%+,5;%6?;,%<;?120%:+,)%5*%*+,%?*+,;%35620'%

%

!"#$%&'(#)*+,-.(//0"+1!"#$%"&'()*+*, 2+

W753XR<85)*% 0Y18;;,7%:50% +,5;4%?)% 0,9,)%48==,;,)*% ?33508?)0% 5)4% 08<+*,4% HC% *+,%

356,;5%*;52%*,56%?)%*+,%-G*+%T17C%D-%8)489841570%*?<,*+,;%R%&GI%AGJ%K'LK-M%N%&BKI%

PBJ%&'BBLM%QE'%"77%;,3?;40%5;,%0+?:)%?)%=8<1;,%K' %

!/34)+53/)6(""+1 -.*,,/(.$0&#()12++( 2+

U+,%H;?:)%+?;)H877%:50%*+,%?)7C%+?;)H877%02,38,0%4,*,3*,4%?9,;%*+,%0*14C%2,;8?4%

4,028*,%?*+,;%+?;)H877%02,38,0%;,2?;*,4%*?%?331;%8)%*+,%5;,5'%(),%<;?12%?=%H;?:)%

+?;)H8770%:50%08<+*,4%5*%!"#$%&%D&GI%A.J%KL'KBOM%N%&BKI%-OJ%K&'&&KM%QE/%G--%6%

5'0'7'% 5)4% ?),% 5*% !"#$% -% D&GI% A.J% &A'-BGM% N% &BKI% -OJ% &&'.PBM% QE% D5*% 7,50*% .%

8)489841570E'%W;?:)%+?;)H8770% :,;,%+,5;4%?)%?*+,;% =?1;%48==,;,)*% ?33508?)0'%U+,%

02,38,0% :50% )?*% 4,*,3*,4% 41;8)<% 5)C% ?=% *+,% *;5)0,3*% :57X0'% "77% ;,3?;40% 5;,%

2;,0,)*,4%?)%=8<1;,%.'%

%

7*50/+#)(8#",+90*0$*09+()$".90:+%

R -% 789,% H;10+R*587,4% 2?;3128),0% D !"#$%&%&'()*+%,&%&'E% =?1)4% 352*1;,4% 8)% 5)%

53*89,% Z8,*)56,0,[\5?% 3562% D&GI% AGJ% &B'&B&M% N% &BKI% PBJ% -.'O.AM% QE% 5)4%

;,7,50,4/%2710%?),%0*?653+%?=%*+,%056,%02,38,0/%10,4%=?;%*;548*8?)57%6,4838),'%

R &%6535Y1,%0X177%5)4%+58;/%056,%3562%50%5H?9,%

R -%789,%Q)45)<,;,4%],77,4%H?V%*1;*7,0%D-&,%*(),&#,"..E/%056,%35620%50%5H?9,%



! "#$%&'$()*)+&',$(-(./&0$(-$#-1&-(2$&)(2'&(-&(3*4$&

! "#$%&'$()*)+&',$(-(./&#$2(5.-&5.&(&-.(#$&

! 6& 754$& 2(-+$8& '(72& )54$/& 9!"#$%"& '"()"*":1& 0*;.8& )('/;#$8& 5.& (.& ()/54$&

<5$/.(2$-$&)(2'&96=>&?@A&6=BCCDE&F&6GC>&H6A&6IBC=?E&J:&(.8&#$7$(-$8B&

! 6&-5K,/$8&L#5/5)(77%&J.8(.K$#$8&M.8*),5.$-$&3*N&/;#/7$&9+$,("&#"'-./.0(,/1:&&

96=>&?=A&6B=I6E&F&6GC>&HGA&C6BIC6E&J:B&

! O578&'5K&3*.$-&5.&(3(.8*.$8&)(2'-&

! P*K&3(8K$#&9 2(3*,/45&3,''"(.1:&-+;77&5.&-.(#$&

! Q;./R(+&(.8&S(23(#&8$$#&8#*''5.K-&

! "(;#&/#()+-&

&



!!"#$%&'()'!"#"$#%&'()*%+,#*(-($.//*0(&1(2%34'./(54%6.#"*(234%'+(#4.'*"$#(7./8*(.'2(

&#,"4(.$#%9%#%"*(%'(:.'(;&'+(*%#"<'

'

'

'

%,

$1

$1

$1!"

!"

!"

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

Ban Vang Kouay

Ban Tong

Nam Mon

Nam Noy

rivers

villages

transects

!" camps

[! Douc records

$1 Gibbon records

%, Assamese macaque record

Elevation

Value

High

Low

±

0 1 2 3 40.5km

1 2

3

1

2

3

4

5

6

7



!

!!

"#$%&'!()!!"#$%&"'()'*)+",,'()%-../)*#'0)1234)5)'6$#)&7$)/&-8)-&)&7$)%-09:));'&$<)&7$)0-.$)"()=/"(+.$)0-.$>)-(?)=/"(+.$)0-.$@*$0-.$>)"/)/A/9$%&$?)&'),$)&7$)/-0$)

"(?"6"?A-.:!

!!!!

!!!!!



!!"#$%&'()'!"#"$#%&'()*%+,#(-'.($-//*0(&1(,&2'3%//(*4"$%"*(.52%'+(#2-'*"$#(6-/7*(-'.(

&#,"2(-$#%8%#%"*(%'(9-'(:&'+(*%#";'!!!!

!!!!!

XYXY

XY

XY

XYXY!"

!"

!"

Ban Vang Kouay

Ban Tong

Nam Mon

Nam Noy

rivers

villagestransects

!" camps

XY Brown hornbill records Elevation

ValueHigh

Low

0 1 2 3 40.5km

±

!!!



!"#"$%$&'()%(*)"(+&,'(-"($%.)*%$%)

)!"#"$%&'(#)*"(+)#)*",(-$#(&'$%$&*"%)#",(./(,%/("+"%0%""1(-)*'(#"2)3"+"%0%""1($1,(

,%/(,"&),454#(65%"#*()1(#52"($%"$#7(#2$88(95&:"*#(56(9)1"(65%"#*(-"%"("1&541*"%",(

$%541,( ;<=>( ?7( 8$%0"( 0%$##8$1,#( -"%"( 85&$*",( &85#"( *5( ;<=>( ?@( ;<=>( A( -$#(

&'$%$&*"%)#",( ./( #"&51,$%/( 65%"#*( B+)88$0"#( )1( *'"( 9$#*C( -)*'( #52"( $%"$#( 56( ,%/(

,"&),454#(65%"#*@(<+"%$0"($8*)*4,"()#(DED(2($@#@8@(B)1&84,)10($88(-$/95)1*#(5+"%(*'"(

#*4,/( 9"%)5,C( B%$10"( FFG3?HIE( 2( $@#@8@C7( *'"( $%"$( +)#)*",( )#( #4%%541,",( ./(

2541*$)1#( B>'54( J5K( >'54( L$:K( >'54( >'54$:K( >'54( M:K( >'54( L$10K( >'54( N"9C@(

<+"%$0"( *"29"%$*4%"( -$#( IH@?O;( 2)1( P( IF@GO;( 2$Q( $1,( $+"%$0"( '42),)*/( -$#(

E?@?R(2)1(P(SG@SR(2$Q@((

T$*$(&588"&*",(51(+"0"*$*)51()#(15*(9%"#"1*",('"%"@((

)

/0,"%$1)

)U'%"$*#( "1&541*"%",( -"%"V( #1$%"#( B")*'"%( )#58$*",( *%$9#( 5%( #"+"%$8( $8510( $( 2$1(

2$,"( *%$&:CK( 9"598"( &$29#( B8$5( W( L)"*1$2"#"CK( L)"*1$2"#"( 2$%:#( 51( *%""#K(

041#'5*#K(L)"*1$2"#"(9"598"($1,(8500)10@(<88(56(*'"#"(B"Q&"9*(65%(L)"*1$2"#"(2$%:(

51(*%""#C($%"(%"9%"#"1*",(51(X)04%"(F@((

<(*5*$8(56(?I(&$29#(-"%"("1&541*"%",()1&84,)10(654%(BGC(*'$*(-"%"($&*)+"(5%(6"-(

,$/#Y'54%#( 58,( $1,( *-5( BIC( %"&"1*( B6"-( 251*'#( 58,C@( <&&5%,)10( *5( 04),"#( $1,(

Z=><(#*$66K( [$5( +#@( L)"*1$2"#"(&$29#(&$1(."(,)#*)104)#'",(./(*'"( 6$&*(*'$*([$5(

9"598"(-)88(4#"(9$82(8"$+"#(,5(2$:"(*'")%(&$29(B+#@(*$%9#(65%(L)"*1$2"#"C($1,([$5(

9"598"(4#4$88/(4#"('41*)10(,50#@(

M1"(56(*'"($&*)+"(&$29#(B?DO(GD\(?H@?H?](^(?H_O(AH\(IF@SFG](`C(-$#(5&&49)",(./(

#1$%"%#( B85&$*",( &85#"( *5( 1"-8/( 2$,"( #1$%"( 8)1"CK( 9"598"( -"%"( '"$%,( .4*( 68",(

."65%"(*'"(*"$2($%%)+",(*5(*'"(&$297($*(*'"(&$29(-"%"(6541,(&$9*4%",($1)2$8#()1(

-55,"1(&$0"#(BI(8)+"(.%4#'(*$)8",(95%&49)1"#K($1,($(,%/)10(#*52$&'(6%52(*'"(#$2"(

#9"&)"#K( I( 8)+"( `1,"10"%",( J""8",( .5Q( *4%*8"#K( 2$&$a4"( #:488K( 0%"/( 9"$&5&:(

9'"$#$1*(6"$*'"%#@(<99%5Q)2$*"8/(F(9"598"(5&&49)",(*'"(&$29K(#4#9"&*",([$5($1,(

L)"*1$2"#"(*50"*'"%K(,4"(*5(9%"#"1&"(56(51"('41*)10(,50(B-')&'(,),(15*(68""(-)*'(

*'"(%"#*(56(*'"('41*"%#C@(>"598"(6%52(*')#(&$29(25#*(9%5.$.8/(&$2"(.$&:(*5(*'"(

&$29(*5(*$:"($88(*'")%(."8510)10#@(

<15*'"%( $&*)+"( L)"*1$2"#"( &$29( B?DO( GF\( ?D@__S]( ^( ?H_O( A?\( ?E@_DG]( `C( -$#(



!"#$%"&!'!() *+&!') &,!) &!*-)#*-!)*#'$..) &,!) ."*'!'.).!&&/"0)*)."*'!)1/"!)#1$.!) &$)

&,!/') #*-2) 341*&!) 567) $"!) -*.8!() 2*1-) #/9!&) :*.) #*2&%'!() *&) &,!/') #*-2) *"()

'!1!*.!(;)<11)&,!/')'!-*/"/"0)."*'!.):!'!)#$"+/.#*&!()*"()&,!)=)>/!&"*-!.!).!"&)

?*#8)&$)>/!&"*-)3@)(*A.):*186)B)C%')&!*-)(/()"$&),*9!)&,!)#*2*#/&A)&$)*''!.&)&,!-;)

D,!)0'$%2)(/()"$&),*9!)*"A)0%".):/&,)&,!-;)

<"$&,!')'!#!"&1A)*?*"($"!()#*-2),*()#,*/".*:)#,*/".)1!+&)/")&,!)#*-2)35EF)=EG)

5=;HHIJ)K)5IHF)LIG)@I;@@HJ)M6)*"()2$../?1A)+!*&,!'.)'!-*/".)+'$-),$'"?/11;)

D:$)'!#!"&1A)*?*"($"!()3+!:):!!8.)*"()+!:),$%'.6)N*$),%"&!')#*-2.)32'!.!"#!)

$+):$$(!") #*0!.)*"() &'*#8)$+),%"&/"0)($06):!'!)!"#$%"&!'!()35EF)=EG)=;5O=J)K)

5IHF)@EG)HP;O==J)M)*"()5EF)=OG)LL;=E=J)K)5IHF)LIG)Q;L5EJ)M6;)R"%.!()."*'!.):!'!)

+$%"()$")&,!)#*-2)'$$+)$+)&,!).!#$"()N*$)#*-2)*"():!'!)*11)&*8!")?*#8):/&,)&,!)

&!*-;)

)

D:$)0%").,$&.):!'!),!*'()$9!')&,!).&%(A)&/-!7)$"!)$")&,!)@= &,)S%1A)#$-/"0)+'$-)

&,!) >/!&"*-!.!TN*$) #*-2) :!) ,*() 9/./&!() !*'1/!') 35EF) =EG) 5I;5I5J) K) 5IHF) LIG)

@O;QO=J)M6)*"()*"$&,!')$")&,!)@H&,)2$../?1A)+'$-)&,!).*-!)0'$%2)$+)2!$21!;)

)

U/V)1$00/"0)'!#$'(.):!'!)!"#$%"&!'!(W)*11)$+)X$.!:$$()3!"#$%"&#'(6;)

)

<")/-2'!../9!)"%-?!')$+)."*'!)1/"!.):*.)+$%"()$9!')&,!).&%(A)2!'/$(;)U$-!)-*A)

,*9!)?!!")'!#$'(!()-$'!)&,*")$"#!)/+)#'$..!()*&)(/++!'!"&)21*#!.)3."*'!)1/"!.):!'!)

"$&) +$11$:!() *"() -!*.%'!(6;) Y/9!) ."*'!) 1/"!.) 3$+) *) +!:) 8/1$-!&!'.) 1$"06) :!'!)

'!#!"&) *"() *#&/9!;)<11) *#&/9!) ."*'!.)!"#$%"&!'!():!'!)(!*#&/9*&!(;) )<1-$.&) *11) $+)

&,!) ."*'!) :/'!) !"#$%"&!'!() :*.) #$11!#&!() *"() &*8!") ?*#8) &$) Z[4<) $++/#!)

3.$-!&/-!)"$&)2$../?1!)?!#*%.!)$+)&$$)-%#,):!/0,&)&$)#*''A)?*#86;)

)

<) &$&*1) $+) @5HI) ."*'!.) :!'!) #$11!#&!() :/&,) *") !.&/-*&!() =II) -$'!) &,*&) :!)

(!*#&/9*&!()?%&) #$%1()"$&) #$11!#&;)D,!'!+$'!W) *")!.&/-*&!)$+)\@HHI) ."*'!.) :!'!)

!"#$%"&!'!() $9!') &,!) .&%(A) &/-!) 3/"#1%(/"0) ."*'!):/'!.) &,*&) :!'!) "$&) .!&) A!&W)

+$%"()/"),%"&/"0)#*-2.6;)C"!)2*"0$1/")."*'!)3/")+'$"&)$+)"!.&6):*.).!!")341*&!)56)

*"()*)?/'()."*'!)1/"!.):*.).!!")3:/&,)?/'()&'*2.6;)

)



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%&'()!&*+,-*(&%&.!,/&%!($&!)(-.0!1&%2,.!2*!3'*!#,*4!)2(&5!!!!

!!

!

kj

kj

kj

kj

kj

kjkjkj

kjkj

kjkj

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

!

"#

"#

"#"#"#

"#

Ban Vang Kouay

Ban Tong

Nam Mon

Nam Noy

villages

rivers! Vietnamese people setting snares

D Snares

kj People camps

! Gun shot heard

ElevationValue

High

Low

0 1 2 3km

±

!



!"#$%##"&'()"*+(,"--./01#(!!"#$%&'(#)$'*+#,-'#.#($,#/0,+#($/,#)#*1#$02$#'%"+$/,'34+#$)/#1'#)$'*$+"#$4,#45$

67%37$)80.$80,')$9-"'/(-&2(#.'"*('&3 :;$<#*%48$)80.$80,')$9-"'/(-&2(#.'"*('3.":;$,"#)&)$

3414=&#$ 9-"'/( 4&%:;$ /'%>+4'8#($ 3414=&#;$ )+&3/>+4'8#($ 3414=&#;$ 4))43#)#$

3414=&#;$ (0&1;$ %'??0*@$ !"#7$ ('($ *0+$ ,#/0,+$ /,#)#*1#$ 02$ 2,4*10')$ 84*%&,);$ #-#*$

42+#,$4)A'*%$'2$#-#,$)##*@$B!"#$84++#,$)/#1'#)$')$10*2',3#($'*$+"#$4,#4$9-'4$143#,4$

+,4/)$ )#+$ &/$ '*$ 6"0&$ C4*%:;$ ?&+$ 347$ ?#$ ,#)+,'1+#($ +0$ )3488$ "4?'+4+;$ 4+$ "'%"#,$

#8#-4+'0*$4*($4))01'4+#($.'+"$,01A7$18'22)D@$!"#7$48)0$,#/0,+$+"#$/,#)#*1#$02$20&,$

"0,*?'88$ )/#1'#)5$ ?,0.*$ "0,*?'88;$ %,#4+$ "0,*?'88;$ ,&20&)>*#1A#($ "0,*?'88$ 4*($ +"#$

0,'#*+48$/'#($"0,*?'88@$

$

!"#7$ %0$ '*+0$ +"#$ 20,#)+$ 4830)+$ #-#,7(47$ +0$ 800A$ 20,$ 200(;$ &/$ +0$ EF$ A3$ '*+0$ +"#$

-'884%#@$!"#7$ &)&4887$ )+47$ 20,$ G>H$ (47)$.'+"$ 4$ %,0&/$02$I>F$ /#0/8#J$ 0*87$ 3#*$ %0@$

!"#7$ )+4,+$%0'*%$'*$+"#$ 20,#)+$ 4,0&*($ KL>KI$ 7#4,)$08(@$ !"#7$ 1088#1+$ '*$+"#$ 20,#)+$

/483$8#4-#)$95+6:$+0$34A#$"0&)#)M$,002$4*($1088#1+$200()$)&1"$4)$,4++4*$0,$/483$

)+#3)$97&%'8(*&%':@$

$

!"#7$,#/0,+#($/0/&84+'0*$02$3414=&#);$3&*+N41$4*($.'8(/'%$"4-#$'*1,#4)#(;$48)0$

,#/0,+#($920,$3414=&#)$4*($.'8(/'%:$+0$,4'($1,0/)@$O,0&/)$02$(0&1)$4,#$,#/0,+#($+0$

?#$)3488#,$*0.4(47)$930,#$%,0&/)$.'+"$EKH$'*(:$+"4*$?#20,#$930,#$%,0&/)$.'+"$

IL>FL$'*(:$

$

P"#*$4)A#($4?0&+$+"#$3#4*'*%$02$Q4+'0*48$6,0+#1+#($R,#4$+0$+"#3;$+"#7$)4'($'+$')$

%00($ 20,$ .'8(8'2#$4*($+,##)J$+"#,#$')$ 4$80+$02$200($ 20,$ /#0/8#$4*($4*'348);$%00($+0$

/,0+#1+$.4+#,$'*$+"#$20,#)+$4*($20,$?&'8('*%$-'884%#)@$!"#$Q4+'0*48$6,0+#1+#($R,#4$

)+4+&)$02$QQ!$"4)$1"4*%#($+"#$.47$+"#7$"&*+$4*($%#+$+"#',$200(5$?#20,#;$+"#7$10&8($

&)#$?03?$2')"'*%$+#1"*'=&#$?&+$+"')$')$*0+$4880.#($4*730,#@$<#20,#$+"#$Q6R$)+4+&);$

/#0/8#$ '*$ -'884%#)$ "4($ +00$ 3&1"$ 200($ 4*($ .4)+#($ 200(;$ *0.;$ 4,#4)$ 20,$ 200($

1088#1+'0*$ 4*($ 4%,'1&8+&,#$ 2'#8()$ 4,#$ 8'3'+#(;$ '+$ ')$ 30,#$ ('22'1&8+$ +0$ 2'*($ 200($ ?&+$

+"#,#$')$)+'88$#*0&%"@$!"#7$14*$"&*+$?&+$0*87$'*$)03#$,#)+,'1+#($/841#)@$

$



!"#$% &'$% ("'(% ("#% ')(*+*(*#&% ,-.#% /$%0123% *.)45,#6% 7'(8-44*.9:% '98*)54(58#% '.,%

4*+#4*"--,%,#+#4-7;#.(:%(8')<&%/#(=##.%+*44'9#%&)"--4&:%78-+*,#%&577-8(:%>5.,%'.,%

)'8#% >-8% +*44'9#% '.*;'4&% ?7*9&:% )"*)<#.&:% )-=&:% /5>>'4-&:% 9-'(&@:% ='(#8% 75;7&% *.%

+*44'9#&:%&"'8#%4'.,%>-8%'98*)54(58#%>*#4,%'.,%5&#,%>-8#&(A%

%

!"#$% &'$% ("'(% '4;-&(% '44% '.*;'4% &7#)*#&% '8#% ("8#'(#.#,:% #B)#7(% >-8% #B';74#% >-8%

=*4,7*9&%("'(%'8#%)-.&*,#8#,%7#&(&:%'&%("#$%,#&(8-$%)8-7%>*#4,&A%!-%78-(#)(%'.*;'4&%

'.,% (8##&:% +*44'9#8&% &"-54,% .-(% "5.(% ,58*.9% /8##,*.9% &#'&-.% ?8'*.$% &#'&-.@%

?=*4,7*9&% '8#% "5.(#,% '44% $#'8% 8-5.,@% '.,% $-5.9% (8##&% &"-54,% .-(% /#% )-44#)(#,A%

C#&7-.,#.(&%;'.*>#&(#,% ("#*8%=*&"% (-%;'<#% ("#&#%'&%854#&% *.%+*44'9#&%(-%78-(#)(%

'.*;'4&%'.,%(8##&%'&%.-(%#+#8$-.#%,-#&%*(A%

%

!"#$%&'*,%("#$%=-54,%4*<#%(-%"'+#%'%7'(8-44*.9%(#';%=*("*.%("#*8%+*44'9#%(-%8#954'84$%

&58+#$%("#%'8#'%?#A9A%(=*)#%'%;-.("@A%D5(%("*&%.#)#&&*('(#&%'778-+'4%>8-;%0123:%

="*)"%'4&-%.##,&%'778-+'4%>8-;%,*&(8*)(%'.,%1*.*&(8$%->%398*)54(58#%'.,%E-8#&(8$%F%

*(%*&%'%4-.9%78-)#&&A%C#&7-.,#.(&%'4&-%&'*,%("'(%0123%&"-54,%"'+#%7'(8-44*.9%(#';&%

*.%#+#8$%+*44'9#%*.%("#%G23:%="*)"%=-54,%8#7-8(%'44%*44#9'4%')(*+*(*#&A%D5(%0123%"'&%

-.4$%H%7'(8-44*.9%(#';%*.%!#5.9%)45&(#8A%I>%+*44'9#8&%=8*(#%4#((#8%(-%)45&(#8%&('(*-.:%

*.>-8;'(*-.%,-#&% .-(% '4='$&% 9#(% ("8-59"A%0123%,-#&% .-(% "'+#% #.-59"%&('>>% (-%

7'(8-4A%0123%,-#&%.-(%"*8#%+*44'9#8&%/#)'5&#%("#$%'8#%'>8'*,%=-8<%=*44%.-(%/#%,-.#%

78-7#84$A%

%%

J5(&*,#8&% &##.% '8#% -.4$% K*#(.';#&#A% L+#8$% (*;#% ("#$% 9-% *.% ("#% >-8#&(:% ("#$% &##%

K*#(.';#&#%7#-74#A%L+#8$%;-.(":%MNO%K*#(.';#&#%7#-74#%'4&-%)-;#%(-%+*44'9#&%(-%

&#44%9--,&A%

!

!

"#$%&&#'()*+%',!

%P-.&#8+'(*-.% *.%("#%G23% &"-54,% *.+-4+#%'% 4'89#8% .5;/#8% ->%+*44'9#8&% '.,% )8#'(#%

7'(8-44*.9%(#';&%*.%;-8#%+*44'9#&%?,#7#.,*.9%-.%8#&-58)#&%'+'*4'/4#@%*.%-8,#8%(-%

)-+#8% '% ;'B*;5;% ->% '8#'% =*("% >-)5&% -.% <#$% '8#'&:% *.% 7'8(*)54'8% )4-&#% (-% ("#%

K*#(.';%/-8,#8A%P8#'(*-.%->%7'(8-44*.9%(#';&%&"-54,%9-%("8-59"%'%78-)#&&%(-%/5*4,%



!"#$!%&'!(%!()%*'++,-)"$%'./+#0'.-%'.!)"*')&$%!1%$)+)/!%*'++,-)"$%-).#'.)+2%'.!)")$!)0%

'.%/1.$)"*,!'1.3%!",'.'.-3%")-#+,"%/1.!"1+%14%!()%,/!'*'!')$%,.0%")51"!%14%!()%")$#+!$6%

7'++,-)"$% 8,.'4)$!)0% !()'"% '.!)")$!% ,.0% 0)$'")% !1% /1.!"'9#!)% !1% !()% 5"1!)/!'1.% 14%

!()'"%41")$!3%9#!%01%.1!%(,*)%!()%,#!(1"'!2%!1%01%$1%&'!(1#!%5")*'1#$%,55"1*,+6%%

!"#$%#&'#(#'&)*&+'#,-*.%&'#+*')%&(*'&*)/#'&'#0*11#23$)-*2%4%

%



!"#$%&'!"#$%&'()*"&+,)-".'($-/"&0)"*&'.1"2)($3.4"5+-"63-/"*$&)4"6)'-/"78'*&)(4"996"9#:;"<=>>;"

"

""" "

?-)"3@"&0)"&A3"B-.+-/)()."C))8)."D3E"&'(&8)""F!"#$%&'#"(#)**G"()8)+*)."@(3H"+"I$)&-+H)*)"%+H ""

J"70+-&+8+203-)"9+-&0+K3-/"

?-)"3@"&0)"&A3"8$K)"D('*0L&+$8)."23(%'2$-)*"F +)(,$"$"-&'%.$#"$"-G"()8)+*).;"J"7+H$88)"

73'.(+&"

"

"M+%+N')"*2;"*,'88"$-"I$)&-+H)*)"%+H2;"J"M$%0)88)"OH$&0;"

"

"P()1"2)+%3%,"20)+*+-&"F/#0120,.)$#3&4*.%0.%$%)"'G"@)+&0)(*"$-"I$)&-+H)*)"%+H2;"

J"7+H$88)"73'.(+&"



!"#$%!&'()*+,(-(!-*+%(%-.!-(*)!/+01!)#!&'()*+,2!3!45+*)+6+75#*(!8+*)5+9#*:!

!

! !4#*;'-0+)(<!-*+%(-!;%#,!&'()*+,(-(2!

3!45+*)+6+75#*(!8+*)5+9#*:!!!!!

=(6(+-(<!,+-1(<!7+6,!0'9()!!>!"#$%"&

'"()"*"?!;%#,!&'()*+,(-(!0+,72!!

3!45+*)+6+75#*(!8+*)5+9#*:!!

!

!!



!

!"#$%&'($!)$#*+,!-!.#/(''+!.&01*#2!

!

!

!

!.*(2(3#''4!5$1#$%+*+1!6$1&37($+)+!8&9!20*2'+!:!"#$%&'%()*+*,$#+-;!!

)(%72+1!<=>!?=@!<,=A<B!C!<DE>!FD@!E<,AE<B!5,!-!.#/(''+!.&01*#2!

!



!"!#$%&''(!#)*+,$-!

!

!!

./01.2!3.14!35/67!2.50!21!!"#$!"%&'(

)*+',*-'.(/#0(0#($&%01(#,%#8!9:;:5!9:4!2</=9!

9:2519:6!0.12/#2/7!:./:8!6:1!07.>!!

!

!

?@-A!B*'C!-)!DE-A!:*F*G-!DH??!!

!

!

!

!

#$%&''(!#)*+,$-!

(

(

(



!"#$%&'(#)%"*

!"#$%!&'()*+,-!.+/'.-%!',!0! 1$+2&!-.$/!$,!3040$530*!"#+),!30-$',02!6.'-+(-+&!7.+0!

833"!3679!$,!:0'!6;<=!"#+!.+%+0.(#!$%!/0.-!'1!*>!6#;!/.'?+(-!0-!@A1'.&!B.''4+%!

C,$D+.%$->!),&+.!-#+!%)/+.D$%$',!'1!;.=!3+40.$%!0,&!;.=!3$?*0,=!"#+!1$.%-!1$+2&!-.$/%!

8(=1=!/.+D$')%!.+/'.-%9!/+.*$--+&!-'!.+1'()%!-#+!*0$,!.+%+0.(#!0$*%=!"#+!.+%+0.(#!,'E!

1'()%%$,F!',!%).D+>$,F!022!&$).,02!/.$*0-+!%/+($+%G!#'.,H$22%!0,&!H20(45F$0,-!%I)$..+2%!

$,!&$11+.+,-!%$-+%!$,!33"!367J!02',F!%$&+!-#+!%).D+>G!-#.+0-%!0,&!D+F+-0-$',!&0-0!0.+!

.+('.&+&!0-!+0(#!%$-+=!"#+!.+%)2-%!E$22!022'E!$*/.'D$,F!*0,0F+*+,-!%-.0-+F$+%!'1!-#+!

367=!

!

K'!10.G!1').!%$-+%!#0D+!H++,!D$%$-+&L!30*!M#0+!830D0,F!(2)%-+.9G!B0,!N+)4G!B0,!O040!

P0,F! 0,&! "',F! N+-! 8"+),F! (2)%-+.9=! "#$%! 20%-! -.$/! E0%! (',&)(-+&! $,! P#0*4#+)-!

;$%-.$(-! $,! B0,!30!O)+,F! 0.+0! 1.'*!QR-#! K+/-+*H+.! -'! ST-#! K+/-+*H+.=!B+(0)%+! '1!

#+0D>!.0$,!&)+!-'!0!-.'/$(02!%-'.*G!-#+!-.$/!E0%!%#'.-+,+&!0,&!&0-0!('22+(-$',!E0%!,'-!

('*/2+-+&=!

*

+,#-%&.*

*!"#"$%&'(#)*"(

!"#+! %$-+! D$%$-+&! $%! ),&+.! -#+! .+%/',%$H$2$->! '1! B0,! 8UD$220F+9! 30! O)0,F! 8QVW! QXY!

Z[=T\[]! 3! Q\ZW! Q\Y! SV=̂ ^Q]! _9! E$-#$,! P#0*4#+)-! ;$%-.$(-! 8 !̀ Q! ',! 1$F).+! Q9=! "#+!

D$220F+!$%!1.'*!-#+!O+)>!+-#,$(!F.')/J!D$220F+.%!0.+!12)+,-!$,!:0'=!!"#+!.+%+0.(#!%$-+!$%!

0((+%%$H2+!D$0!:04%0'G!1.'*!E#$(#!0!.'0&!2+0&%!-'!B0,!30!a0>G!E#+.+!0!H'0-!$%!-04+,!-'!

.+0(#!B0,!30!O)0,F!)/!-#+!30*!8U.$D+.9!b+'!c1'.*+.2>!5!/.+5E0.!/+.$'&!5!4,'E,!0%!

30*! 6#+'Gd=!<+%+0.(#! %$-+! $%! 0((+%%$H2+! H>! E024$,F! 1.'*! B0,!30*!O)0,F! 8e^!#.%!

E0249=!<+%+0.(#!%$-+!E$-#!-.0,%+(-%!$%!/.+%+,-+&!',!f$F).+!S=!

!



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%$&!#$'!()*+,!#$-&.,$/!01.-*2-*3!41*$!$,3!3*/&'&-$-&.,!.5!6-1$-*7&2!

8.,*6!9&-)&,!-)*!41*$!:;<=04>!

!



!!

"#$%&'!("!#$%&'($)!$*!'+,!-,.,&-%+!.(',!/('+()!0+&12+,3'!4(.'-(%'!/('+!

-,5-,.,)'&'($)!$*!'-&).,%'.!/&62,7!&)7!'+,!8(66&9,.!8(.(',7!$8,-!'+,!.'37:!5,-($7;!!!!!!!

!U

!U

Ban Namuang

rivers

transect lines

!U

Camps

Elevation

Value

High

Low

±

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

Ban Namuang

Nam ma heng

Nam Veo

VIETNAM



!"#$%$#$&'(

!

"#$%&!#'($)$($*+!,-!(.*!+(/0&!1*2$,0!#2*!0*+'2$3*0!$4!5#3%*!67!

!

!"#$%&'8!"*+'2$1($,4!,-!(.*!#'($)$($*+!!

(")%*& +,)-.-)/& (%*,0-1)-23&

699.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! "*1#2(/2*!-2,;!>?@A!

,--$'*B!C/0,;+,/D!E$%%#F*B!

G#D#$!"$+(2$'(!!

>$(.!>?@A!'#2!-2,;!G#D#$!(,!

H#,D+#,!(,!I#4!G#.#&!JK9.2+L!

M2,;!I#4!G#.#&!(,!I#4!G#;/#4F! !

3,#(!JK6.2L!!

6N(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! :(#&!$4!I#4!G#!?/*4F! "/*!(,!.*#)&!2#$4!0/2$4F!(.*!4$F.(!

#40!;,24$4FB!O*!0*'$0*0!(,!

1,+(1,4*0!(.*!0*1#2(/2*!-,2!(.*!

-,%%,O$4F!0#&!

6P+( !:*1(*;3*2!<=66! I#4!G#;!?/#4F!(,!Q#;1!6! KR!.,/2+!O#%D!/1!#!;,/4(#$4!(,!

2*#'.!Q#;1!6!

6R(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! "#&!,--! !

<=(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! 52#4+*'(+!6!S!<! !

<6+( !:*1(*;3*2!<=66! 52#4+*'(+!T!S!U! !

<<40!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! )*(+*,-(./&(#*(,0$1( !

<T20!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! )*(+*,-(./&(#*(,0$1( !

<U(.!V/%&!<=66! Q#;1!6!(,!Q#;1!<! !

<W(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! 52#4+*'(+!W!S!9! !

<9(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! )*(+*,-(./&(#*(,0$1 ! !

<N(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! Q#;1!<!(,!I#4!G#;/#4FB!

(,!I#4!G#.#&B!(,!H#D+#,!

I*'#/+*!,-!3#0!O*#(.*2!',40$($,4+B! !

0*'$0*0!(,!*40!(.*!-$*%0!(2$1!*#2%$*2!

(.#4!,2$F$4#%%&!1%#44*0!<P(.!:*1(*;3*2!<=66! H#D+,#!(,!G#D#$! >$(.!>?@A!'#2!

!5O,!'#;1+!O*2*!*+(#3%$+.*0!,)*2!(.*!+(/0&!1*2$,08!Q#;1!6!J6PY!6NZ!6<7N<W[!G!6=WY!

6UZ!=7PWR[!\L!#40!Q#;1!<!J6PY!69Z!T<7U69[!G!6=WY!6TZ!6N7PUT[!\L7!

(

2&03(

(

4&5-**&6"7-$$%&62890") !J12$4'$1#%!$4)*+($F#(,2L!

4&50:&6;"3)"$"1;23%&<"3);".23=!JA++$+(#4(B!>?@A!+(#--]I$,0$)*2+$(&!+*'($,4L!

4&C4*!1,%$'*;#4!-2,;!^.#;D.*/(!"$+(2$'(!-2,;!69(.!(,!<N(.!:*1(*;3*2!

]!<!)$%%#F*2+!-2,;!6P(.!(,!<9(.!:*1(*;3*2!!

]!<!4*O!)$%%#F*2+!-2,;!<9(.!(,!<N(.!:*1(*;3*2!

!

52#4+*'(+!O*2*!O#%D*0!O$(.!#!(*#;!,-!T!1*,1%*7!

2,01'&"#(+04-'!

(



!"#$% &'"()*#&% +")% +",-*.% /(#*0% 1*#"2)*% /3% 4".% +*"&$*'% #/(.5&5/()% "(.% &56*%

#/()&'"5(&)% /(,7% )58% &'"()*#&)% +*'*%+",-*.0%9"&"% /(%-*7% ):*#5*)% "(.% &$'*"&)%+*'*%

'*#/'.*.%"&%",,%&56*)0%%

;,*")*%'*3*'%&/%:'*<5/2)%'*:/'&)%3/'%.*&"5,)%/(%&'"()*#&%+",-%6*&$/.)0%

!"#$#%&%'()!*&%&%%

;,*")*%'*3*'%&/%:'*<5/2)%'*:/'&)%3/'%.*&"5,)%/(%<*=*&"&5/(%."&"%6*&$/.)0%

!

+#,(-*!(.!%/-#&%0!!

;,*")*%'*3*'%&/%:'*<5/2)%'*:/'&)%3/'%.*&"5,)%&$'*"&%'*#/'.)%6*&$/.)0%%

!

1'0,200'()!3'%/!4'55&$#-0!!>::*(.58%?%:'*)*(&)%&$*%)*&%/3%@2*)&5/()%2)*.%3/'%&$*%.5)#2))5/(0%

%

A$*%5(&*'<5*+%&"-*)%:,"#*%5(3/'6",,7%"&%&$*%#"6:)5&*0%B*&%/3%@2*)&5/()%5)%")-*.C%"(.%

32'&$*'%@2*)&5/()%#"(%4*%")-*.%.*:*(.5(=%/(%&$*%"()+*')%/3%&$*%'*):/(.*(&)0%

!

"#$%&'$!

%

67#,'#0!&,,(2)%!

%

>,,% '*#/'.)%/3%):*#5*)%/<*'% &$*% )&2.7%:*'5/.% "'*% :'*)*(&*.%$*'*0%B:*#5*)%.*&*#&5/()%

"'*%'*:'*)*(&*.%/(%D5=2'*%E%F.52'(",%:'56"&*)G%"(.%D5=2'*%H%F=544/(%#",,)G0%

%

!""#$%"%&$#'#()%&*+#'#'#&#""#$%,"-".&&

I(%&$*%JK&$%B*:&*64*'%"&%LJ$KKC%"&%&$*%*(.%/3%&'"()*#&%LC%6"#"@2*)%+*'*%$*"'.%FLMN%

LOP% EH0HLQR%S%LKTN%LTP% O0OOMR% !G%"&%"(%",&5&2.*%/3%LQKO%6%"0)0,0% D*+%65(2&*)% ,"&*'%

)5=$&5(=%/3%UH%5(.5<5.2",)%/3%89!&00&:#)0'0%/##2''*.C%3,**5(=%5(%&$*%/::/)5&*%.5'*#&5/(%

/3%"(/&$*'%='/2:%/3%6"#"@2*)%5.*(&535*.%47% &$*% =25.*%"(.%V'0%W$"(&",":$/(*%")%89!

5#()')&0%I(*%='/2:%+")%",)/%)5=$&*.%47%=25.*%"(.%:/,5#*6"(%)&"75(=%"&%#"6:%L%/(%&$*%

JL)& %B*:&*64*'%"'/2(.%J$EK%:60%

%

/-012#-3%4&$#'#()%&*+5&3%6,-,#.&



!"#"$%#&'(%#)*+'",*-#*.#"$%#/0*12#*.#!"#$%%$&'(%)%#'3*4%#5678#69:#;<=<6>?#@#6AB8#6B:#

9=997?# CDE# *-%# /0*12# *.# F"# *'+()($#G'&# ,H%-",.,%H#G,"$# &,/$",-/# 53I# /1,H%#'-H#F0=#

J$'-"$')'2$*-%D#*-#"$%#KA"$#L%2"%(3%0#'"#6K$AA#'"#"$%#%-H#*.#"0'-&%+"#6#5&%%#'3*4%D=#

M$%#/0*12#.)%H#,-#"$%#*22*&,"%#H,0%+",*-#*.#"$%#!"#$%%$&'(%)%#/0*12=#

!

!"#$%&'()*%+$&,-%&&.&/)0+11"()2"#$%&'(&!&)*) 3)

N,33*-&#G%0%#$%'0H#0%/1)'0)I#H10,-/#"$%#.,%)H#2%0,*HE#%O+%2"#*-#(*0-,-/&#G,"$#$%'4I#

0',-=# J'))&# G%0%# $%'0# .0*(# PB$;A# '(# 12# "*# PQ$;A# '(=# J'))&# G%0%# $%'0H# H10,-/#

"0'-&%+"#G')R&#*-#"$0%%#*++'&,*-&=# S,0%+",*-# *.#+'))&#.0*(# "$%# "G*# +'(2&#'-H# .0*(#

*"$%0#)*+'",*-&#,&#0%20%&%-"%H#*-#T,/10%#<=#L,OU&%4%-#/0*12&#*.#,"#%)-)#'0%#%&",('"%H#

.*0#"$%#0%&%'0+$#&,"%#+*4%0%H=#

#

VVVV#

!)"$*1/$#H*1+&#5./0$12)3#('&$'4%DE#0$%&1&#('+'W1%&#5!"#&4*$11$D#'-H#&"1(2V"',)%H#

('+'W1%&# 5!"# $561+)7'%D# G%0%# -*"# 0%+*0H%HE# "$%I# '0%# 0%2*0"%H# 3I# 4,))'/%0&# "*# 3%#

20%&%-"#,-#"$%#'0%'=#L*(%#.%%H,-/#&,/-&#53'(3**#&$*1"&D#0%2*0"%H)I#.0*(# !"#$51+)7'%#

G%0%#%-+*1-"%0%H#*-#"$0%%#*++'&,*-&E#'-H#"$%#"G*#/1,H%&#G$*#+'(%#"*#+'(2#*-#"$%#

K9"$#L%2"%(3%0#&,/$"%H#'#/0*12#*.#."#('&$'4%#+)*&%#"*#"$%#4,))'/%=#

#

4$%&')5(+6578)/&$&-$&/)*+$%)8+0(8)+(-7#/&9)#

V *-%#G,)H#2,/#&R1))#,-#*)H#$1-"%0#4,))'/%#

V "0'+R&#*.#G,)H#2,/#

V L'(3'0#H%'0#"0'+R&#

V L*1"$%0-#&%0*G#"0'+R&##

J*(2'0%H#"*#*"$%0#'0%'#4,&,"%H#"$%#'(*1-"#*.#'-,(')#&,/-&#%-+*1-"%0%H#G'&#4%0I#

),"")%=#

#



!!

"#$%&'!()!!"#$%&"'()'*)+",,'()%-../)*#'0)%-01/)-(2)'&3$#).'%-&"'(/4))

!

!

"#$#%&%'()!&)*!#)+',()-#)%&.!*&%&!

!5$+$&-&"'() '*) #$/$-#%3)/"&$)6-/)%3-#-%&$#"/$2),7)$8$#+#$$() *'#$/&4)93$)3-,"&-&)6-/)

2"**$#$(&)*#'0)'&3$#)-#$-/)8"/"&$2)6"&3)&3$)1#$/$(%$)'*)0'//)-..)'8$#)&#$$)&#:(;/)-(2)

#'%;/)<="+:#$)>-?4) @0-..) ,-0,''/)6$#$) *':(2) -,:(2-(&.7)-(2)2$(/$.7) <="+:#$)>,?A)

:(2$#+#'6&3)6-/)-,:(2-(&B)0-"(.7)%'01'/$2)'*)*$#(/4)C.&"&:2$)'*)%-01/)6-/)-#':(2)

DEFF) 0) -4/4.4B) 6"&3) 3"+3$/&) 1'"(&/) -.'(+) &#-(/$%&/) :1) &') GDH>F) 0) -4/4.4) C8$#-+$)



!"#$%$&'( %")$*+( ,&"%'( &$#-( ).*+-%( /)0#( 12324( 5#$*6( &0( 784( 5#.96( .*%( .:-).+-(

&-#;-).&")-(/)0#(<238=>(5#$*6(&0(<732=>(5#.963(?(&0&.@(0/(<1(;@0&A@-,,(;0$*&,(B-)-(

,.#;@-%3(C)--(%-*,$&'(B.,(/0"*%(&0(D-(0/(7E<(&)--,(;-)(!-F&.)-,3(C)--(,;-F$-,(B-)-(

#0,&@'( %$//-)-*&( /)0#( &!-( 0*-,(",".@@'( ,.#;@-%( $*(0&!-)(.)-.,3( G-&.$@-%(:-+-&.&$0*(

%.&.($,(*0&(;)-,-*&-%(!-)-3(

(

!! !!"#$%&'(H(5.6(#0,,'(!.D$&.&(F!.).F&-)$,&$F(0/()-,-.)F!(,$&-I(5D6(.@0*+(.(&).*,-F&J(%-*,-(

D.#D003(K(>.#$@@-(>0"%).&3(

!

"#$%&'(!

!

C!)--(;-0;@-( F.#;,(B-)-( -*F0"*&-)-%(0:-)( &!-( ,&"%'(;-)$0%( 5L$+")-(M63( N*-( B.,(

.F&$:-(B!-*(/$),&(,$+!&-%(0*(&!-(<O&!(P-;&-#D-)(5<O=(<MQ(73E7MR(S(<E2=(<8Q(T138<OR(U6(

.*%()-#.$*,(0/(D)",!A&.$@-%(;0)F";$*-(B-)-(0D,-):-%(.&(&!$,(F.#;(0*(&!-(B.'(D.FV(

5T1&!6(B!-*(!"*&-),(!.%(.@)-.%'(@-/&3(C!-(&B0(0&!-)(F.#;,(5<O=(<1Q(2<38<8R(S(<E2=(

<8Q(737WOR(U(.*%(<O=(<1Q(<W38<TR(S(<E2=(<TQ(WO37O2R(U6(B-)-(0@%(5X<('-.)6J(.@&!0"+!(

0")(+"$%-()-;0)&,(:$,$&$*+(&!-(@.&&-)(-:-)'('-.)($*(?;)$@(&0(F0@@-F&(!0*-'(B!$F!($,(&!-*(

,0@%($*(&!-(:$@@.+-(0)($*(Y.V,.03(?(,V"@@(0/(B$@%(;$+(B.,(0D,-):-%($*(&!-(@.&&-)(F.#;3(

(

S0( ,*.)-,( 5@$*-,( 0)( $*%$:$%".@( &).;,6( B-)-( -*F0"*&-)-%(0:-)( &!-( ,&"%'(;-)$0%3( P--(

*-9&( ,-F&$0*( .D0"&( )-;0)&,( 0/( &!)-.&,( /)0#( :$@@.+-),3( C!-( /.F&( &!.&( *0( ,*.)-,( B-)-(

/0"*%( $*( &!-( .)-.( %0-,( *0&( *-F-,,.)$@'( #-.*,( .( D-&&-)( #.*.+-#-*&J( .,( :-)'( /-B(



!"!!"#$ %&'(%$)*+*$ *(,-.(/*+*0$"(0$ &/$&%$ 1-%%&2#*$/3"/$/--$ 4*)$ )&#0#&4*$ +*!"&(%$ &($

/3*$ "+*"$ 4-+$ 3.(/*+%$ /-$ %*/$ %("+*$ #&(*%$ )3&,3$ +*5.&+*%$ "$ #-/$ -4$ *44-+/6$ 73*+*$ "+*$

,.++*(/#8$(-$1"/+-##&('$",/&9&/&*%$&($/3&%$"+*"$:%**$2*#-);6$

$

$

!"#$%&'(<$,"!1%$*(,-.(/*+*0$0.+&('$%/.08$/&!*6$=-/*<$/3*$%-./3*+(>!-%/$,"!1$)"%$%/&##$",/&9*$)3*($%**($

!

!

!

"#$%&$$#'(!)#*+!,#--./01$!

'

!U

!U

D

D

D

!U Camps

Ban Namuang

transect linesrivers

Elevation

Value

High

Low

D people camps

±

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50.25km

© Camille Coudrat

Nam ma heng

VIETNAM



!"#$%&''()#*+$,*-$,(.&./$01"#$12$13*$)3&4#5$2*16$7("$8($,3(")$9(:$&".#*%&#9#4$1"$

./#$;<./$=#>.#6?#*$9&./$,*-$@/("./('(>/1"#$(:$./#$.*(":'(.1*A$./#$>1'&B#6("$2*16$

C/(6D/#3.$ E&:.*&B.$ 9(:$ (':1$ >*#:#".$ 43*&")$ ./#$ 4&:B3::&1"$ ('./13)/$ /#$ 4&4$ "1.$

>(*.&B&>(.#-$F$:#.$12$G3#:.&1":$0F>>#"4&H$I5$9(:$3:#4$21*$./#$4&:B3::&1"-$

$

,*-$,(.&./$*#>1*.#4$./#$>*#:#"B#$12$J$>*&6(.#$:>#B&#:$D"19"$.1$1BB3*$&"$88K$8LFM$!"#

$%&'((')# !"# '**'$+,*-*)#!"# &+.,-,')#!"# '/0(.-1+*)# 234'(5/-6# ,+$'+%*)#7.$'*0%*# *-8-)#

730(-0+9%*# :34$+'%*$ ("4$7"# 9+,4'&+,*-*"#!2$ ./#$ 21B3:$ :>#B&#:$ 12$ ./&:$ :.34N+$ ;'(%<'#

9-0.&./#(:$9#''$(:$213*$/1*"?&''$:>#B&#:$0)*#(.$/1*"?&''+$?*19"$/1*"?&''+$*3213:O"#BD#4$

/1*"?&''$ ("4$ 1*&#".('$ >&#4$ /1*"?&''$ PQR5$ 9#*#$ (':1$ *#>1*.#4$ .1$ 1BB3*-$ K/#$ *#B#".'N$

4&:B1%#*#4$ :>#B&#:$ 12$ F""(6&.#$ :.*&>#4$ *(??&.$ 07+*.&'4%*# (-$$-,*-*5$ 9(:$ (':1$

*#>1*.#4$(:$?#&")$(?3"4(".$&"$./#$(*#(-$

$

,*$ ,(.&./$ :(&4$ ./(.$ ./#$ *#:#(*B/$ :&.#$ &:$ %&:&.#4$ 21*$ 21*#:.$ >*143B.$ B1''#B.&1"$

(>>*1H&6(.#'N$ 1"B#$ #%#*N$ ./*##$61"./$ 0?#B(3:#$12$4&22&B3'.$ (BB#::5$ 21*$ (?13.$ 213*$

4(N:$&"$1"#$:&")'#$B(6>-$S&:&.:$&"$./#$21*#:.$1BB3*$61*#$2*#G3#".'N$B'1:#$.1$./#$%&''()#-$

$

=(6?(*$4#(*$>1>3'(.&1"$9(:$*#>1*.#4$.1$/(%#$&"B*#(:#4-$T/&'#$>*&6(.#$>1>3'(.&1":$

/(%#$:.(N#4$./#$:(6#-$

$

T/#"$(:D#4$(?13.$ ./#$6#("&")$12$8(.&1"('$ L*1.#B.#4$ F*#(+$,*-$,(.&./$ :(&4$ &.$9(:$

&6>1*.(".$21*$./#$#"%&*1"6#".$0 *-,4#=+(#&.$5+$21*$./#$>*1.#B.&1"$12$(''$:>#B&#:+$21*$./#$

>*1.#B.&1"$12$9(.#*+$21*$2114$21*$%&''()#*:$("4$&6>1*.(".$21*$#43B(.&1"+$*#:#(*B/$("4$

"#9$)#"#*(.&1"-$

$

T/#"$(:D#4$(?13.$./#$B/(")#$&"$4(&'N$'&2#$(2.#*$#:.(?'&:/6#".$12$88K$(:$($>*1.#B.#4$

(*#(+$,*-$,(.&./$ :(&4$ ./(.$ 7("$8($ ,3(")$9(:$ 21*6#*'N$ :#>(*(.#4$ &".1$ U$ 4&22#*#".$

%&''()#:$9&./$#(B/$1"#$/(%&")$21*#:.$3:#$V1"#$.1$B1''#B.$21*#:.$>*143B.:-$819+$./#:#$U$

%&''()#:$/(%#$21*6#4$1"#$:&")'#$%&''()#-$,*-$,(.&./$(22&*6#4$./#*#$9(:$"1$B/(")#:$&"$

./#$*3'#:$:&"B#$./#$:.(.3:$B/(")#$12$88K$(:$($>*1.#B.#4$(*#(-$

$

T/#"$(:D#4$(?13.$9/(.$T,LF$(B.&%&.&#:$&"$./#$(*#(+$,*-$,(.&./$6#".&1"#4$./#$9(.#*$

>36>:$0,'$#&-,5$("4$./#$>(.*1''&")$.#(6$0&'('=+,5$B16>1:#4$12$IW$%&''()#*:$&"B'34&")$,*-$,(.&./-$X19#%#*+$./#$>(.*1''&")$.#(6$/(:$"1.$?##"$(B.&%#$21*$./#$>(:.$.91$N#(*:-$



!"##$%$&'()%$)*(+*$,('-(.$(/"*"'$,(.0('1$(2)'%-33"&45(6)7(8)(9$&4:(6)7(;+<0:()&,('1$(

=)->?"$'&)7( .-%,$%( )%$)@( A1$( 2)'%-33"&4( '$)7( "*( &-'( )B'"/$( .$B)+*$( "'( ,-$*( &-'(

%$B$"/$( -%,$%( )&,( .+,4$'( #%-7( C8DE@( A1%$$( C8DE( *')##( +*$,( '-( F-%G( )'( '1$(

H1)7G1$+'( !"*'%"B'( -##"B$:( %$*2-&*".3$( #-%( 2)'%-33"&4( )B'"/"'"$*( F"'1"&( '1$( 6DE:(

1-F$/$%( '1$*$(*')##( )%$(&-'(2)%'(-#( C8DE()&07-%$@(I+%%$&'30()&,(#-%('1$( 2)*'('F-(

0$)%*:('1$(J)&( 6)(8+)&4(2)'%-33"&4('$)7(,-$*(&-'( %$B$"/$(*+22-%'()&,( *+2$%/"*"-&(

#%-7(C8DE@(

(

8%@(8)'"'1(%$2-%'$,('1)'(?"$'&)7$*$()%$(&-'(/$%0(-#'$&($&B-+&'$%$,("&('1$(#-%$*':(.+'(

=)-(97-&4()%$( #%$K+$&'30( $&B-+&'$%$,@( L&('1$(2)*':(F1$&( '1$( 2)'%-33"&4( '$)7( F)*(

)B'"/$:( '1$0( 1)/$( )%%$*'$,( M( 97-&4*:( )&,( #"&$,( '1$7( N( OPP( PPP( G"2*( )&,( *$&'( M(

?"$'&)7$*$('-('1$(,"*'%"B'(2-3"B$(*')'"-&@((

(

E.-+'( '1$( '1%$)'*( -&( ."-,"/$%*"'0:( 8%@( 8)'"'1( *)",( '1)'( "'( "*( "72-%')&'( '1)'( '1$(

."-,"/$%*"'0( *')0*( %"B1( )&,( 23$&'0( Q!"#!$%!$&!"'R( #-%( '1$( 2$-23$( F$33.$"&4@(

S/$%0.-,0("&('1$(/"33)4$(3-/$*()&,("*(2%-+,(Q (!"$)*++,R(-#('1$(#-%$*'@(9$($T2%$**$,(1"*(

F"*1('-(B-&*$%/$('1$(."-,"/$%*"'0(F"'1(1$32(-#(*')##@(

!

"#$%&&#'()*+%',!(E3'1-+41(&-(*&)%$*(F$%$($&B-+&'$%$,("&( '1$()%$)(-/$%('1$(*'+,0(2$%"-,:(-&$()B'"/$(

B)72(F)*(-.*$%/$,()&,(/"33)4$%("&'$%/"$F$,(%$2-%'$,(-#'$&($&B-+&'$%"&4(=)-(97-&4(

2$-23$("&('1$()%$):(F1-()%$(G&-F&(#-%('1$"%(1+&'"&4(*G"33*@(A1$(#)B'('1)'(&-(2)'%-3*(

-BB+%(B+%%$&'30( "&('1$()%$)("*( B-&B$%&"&4(#-%('1$( %$7)"&"&4(F"3,3"#$("&('1$()%$)@(A1$(

)3%$),0('%)"&$,()&,(F"33"&4(2)'%-33"&4('$)7(-#(J)&(6)(8+)&4(*1-+3,(%$B$"/$(*+22-%'(

)&,(*+2$%/"*"-&(#%-7(C8DE('-(%$*+7$("'*()B'"/"'"$*("&('1$()%$)@((

-./+%/)0/1/0)2!)(0/3,!"%)0/(!02%)1!0)$!0/)4/'/0+.)0/5!$$/'#+2,!'%6)

)

)

)

)

)

)

)



!""#$%&'()!"#$%"&'"()$*%+&,*")*$-"'&."%/$"-+*0)**+&,"1+%/"2+3345$.*"

"

"

6 7/4%"8.+94%$"*8$0+$*"&00)."+,"%/$"4.$4:";1+%/&)%"*/&1+,5"4,<"8+0%).$*"%&"

42&+-"3$4-+,5="

6 >&1"&'%$,?'&."/&1"3&,5?/&1"'4."-&"<&)"5&"+,%&"%/$"'&.$*%:"

6 7/4%"45$"-&"<&)"*%4.%"5&+,5"+,"%/$"'&.$*%:"

6 7/4%"-&"<&)"0&33$0%"'.&9"%/$"'&.$*%:"

6 @&"<&)"'$$3"%/4%"4,+943"8&8)34%+&,*"/42$"-$0.$4*$-:"

! 7/<:"

6 7/4%"-&$*"AB4%+&,43"C.&%$0%$-"D.$4E"9$4,*"%&"<&):"

6 >&1"/4*"+%"0/4,5$-"%/$"14<"<&)"3+2$"3+'$"/$.$:"

6 7/4%"-&$*"7FCD"-&"+,"%/$"4.$4:"

6 G,"<&)."3+'$H"/42$"<&)"*$$,"4,<"0/4,5$*"+,"%/$".)3$*:"

! I&."$J4983$:"

6 @&"<&)"'$$3"4,+943*"4,-"%.$$*"4.$"%/.$4%$,$-"+,"%/$"4.$4:"

6 7/4%"-&"<&)"'$$3"*/&)3-"K$"-&,$"%&"8.&%$0%"4,+943*"4,-"%.$$*:"

6 >&1"-&"<&)"%/+,L"2+3345$.*"04,"K$"9&.$"+,2&32$-"+,"0&,*$.24%+&,:"

6 7/4%"+*"*%&88+,5"8$&83$"'.&9"-&+,5"+%:"

6 @&"<&)"&'%$,"*$$"&)%*+-$.*"+,"'&.$*%"4,-?&."2+3345$:"

! >&1"&'%$,:"

! 7/4%"4.$"%/$<"-&+,5:"

6 @&"<&)"K)<"5&&-*"'.&9"%/$9:"

"

!"



!"#$!%&!#'!'()!*+,--.&/!0,.&'!',!+)#*(!'()!+)-)#+*(!-.')1!2!3#$.44)!3,56+#'!7899!

!!

!

!

:;<%:=!>:%?!>@;AB!=:@<!=%!!"#$%!$"&'"($!")"*$

+*,-&*.-C!"DED@!"D?!=F;G"!"D=@%"DA!

<:%=;3=;B!D:;DC!AD%!<B:1!

!!

!

9H'(!%*',I)+!',!J'(!",K)$I)+!7899!

!

!

!

3#$.44)!"1!L1!3,56+#'!

$$



!

"#$%&'()$*&#!!"#$%!&'()*+,-!.+/'.-%!',!-#+!0$0-#!0$+1&!-.$/!$,!2343$523*!"#+),!23-$',31!6.'-+(-+&!

7.+3! 822"! 2679:! ;3'! 6<=! >#$(#! $%! ),&+.! -#+! 3)-#'.$-?! '0! -#+! @3-+.%#+&!

A3,3B+*+,-!6.'-+(-$',!7)-#'.$-?!8@A679C!"#+!.+%+3.(#!$%!/3.-!'0!*?!6#<!/.'D+(-!

3-!EF0'.&!G.''4+%!H,$I+.%$-?!),&+.!-#+!%)/+.I$%$',!'0!<.C!2+43.$%!3,&!<.C!2$D*3,C!

"#+! .+%+3.(#! 0'()%+%! ',! &$).,31! /.$*3-+%:! #'.,J$11%! 3,&! J13(45B$3,-! %K)$..+1%! $,!

%+I+.31!3.+3%!>$-#$,!22"!267L!31',B!%$&+!-#+! %).I+?:! -#.+3-%!3,&!I+B+-3-$',!&3-3!

3.+!.+('.&+&!3-!+3(#!%$-+C!"#+!.+%)1-%!>$11!311'>!$*/.'I$,B!*3,3B+*+,-!%-.3-+B$+%!'0!

-#+!267C!

!

M'!03.:!0').!%$-+%!#3I+!J++,!I$%$-+&N! +,-!23*!O#3+!823I3,B!(1)%-+.9:! +.-!G3,!P+)4:!

+/-!G3,!A343!Q3,B:!+0-!"',B!P+-!7.+3%!8"+),B!(1)%-+.9:!3,&! +1-!G3,!23*)3,B!3.+3!

8Q#3*4#+)-! &$%-.$(-9C! "#$%! 13%-! -.$/!>3%! (',&)(-+&! $,!2343$! &$%-.$(-! $,! -#+! )//+.!

23*!E,!3.+3:!1+3I$,B!0.'*!P$+,B!<3'!I$113B+C!

!

23$4&'5!

!!"#"$%&'(#)*"(

!"#+!23*!E,!3.+3!$%!1'(3-+&!>$-#$,!2343$!&$%-.$(-:!$,!-#+!%')-#+3%-!'0!-#+!267!8RST!

',!U$B).+!S9C!<+/3.-).+!>3%!0.'*!G3,!8V!I$113B+9!P$+,B!<3'!8U$B).+!W9L!$-%!I$113B+.%!

J+1',B! -'! -#+! G.)! +-#,$(! B.')/:! J)-! 3.+! 01)+,-! $,! ;3'! 3%! >+11C! ! "#+! I$113B+! >3%!

3((+%%+&!0.'*!2343$! XG3,!E)&'*%')4:!@A67!'00$(+Y! J?!.'3&!SW!0.'*!>#$(#! -#+!

.+%+3.(#!%$-+!8ZS[4*!3>3?9!(3,!J+!.+3(#+&!>314$,B!8W!&3?%!>314!>+.+!,+(+%%3.?!-'!

.+3(#!(3*/!S:!%++!"3J1+!S9C!=+%+3.(#!%$-+!>$-#!-.3,%+(-%!$%!/.+%+,-+&!',!U$B).+!WC!

!



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%$&!#$'!()*+,!#$-&.,$/!01.-*2-*3!41*$!$,3!3*/&'&-$-&.,!.5!6-1$-*7&2!

8.,*6!9&-)&,!-)*!41*$!:;<=04>!

!



!"#$%$#$&'(!"#$%&!#'($)$($*+!,-!(.*!+(/0&!1*2$,0!#2*!0*+'2$3*0!$4!5#3%*!67!

!!"#$%&'8!"*+'2$1($,4!,-!(.*!#'($)$($*+!!

(")%*& +,)-.-)/& (%*,0-1)-23&

69!:'(,3*2!;<66! "*1#2(/2*!-2,=!>?@A!

,--$'*B!:/0,=+,/C!D$%%#E*B!

F#C#$!"$+(2$'(!!

G >*!2*#'.*0!H#4!I$*4E!"#,!)$#!

2,#0!6;!JK6.L<M!

G ?**($4E!N$(.!(.*!)$%%#E*!'.$*-!(,!$4-,2=!#3,/(!(.*!12,O*'(!#40!

+*%*'(!(.*!)$%%#E*2+!N.,!N,/%0!

O,$4!/+!G ;<!',1$*+!,-!=&!3,,C!P)*%&(+,-./0(

#1&(2&34'1*5.&3(3,-"Q!N#+!E$)*4!(,!(.*!)$%%#E*!'.$*-!(,!(2#4+-*2!$(!(,!

(.*!(*#'.*2+!#(!(.*!%,'#%!+'.,,%!

;<!:'(,3*2!;<66! H#4!I$*4E!"#,!(,!P+(,1!,)*2!4$E.(!'#=1Q!

G R*+*#2'.!+$(*!N#+!2*#'.*0!$4!;!0#&+!

G A-(*2!K!S!.,/2+!,-!N#%C!,4!0#&!

,4*!(.*!(*#=!+1*4(!(.*!4$E.(!#(!#!+(,1!,)*2!4$E.(!'#=1!#-(*2!

'2,++$4E!(.*!F#=!:4!2$)*27!!;6!:'(,3*2!;<66! P+(,1!,)*2!4$E.(!'#=1Q!(,!

TA?@!6!

G K!9!.,/2+!,-!N#%C!N#+!4**0*0!(,!

2*#'.!TA?@!6!

;;!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!6!U!;!J>#%C!6M! G 5*#=!,-!V8!0/*!(,!0*4+*!3#=3,,B!;!)$%%#E*2+!O,$4*0!J$4+(*#0!,-!6M!(,!

=#C*!'/(($4E!*#+$*2!,4!P>#%C+!6Q!,-!*#'.!(2#4+*'(+!

;L!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!L!U!V!J>#%C!6M! G 5*#=!,-!V!

;V!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!6!U!;!J>#%C!;M! G 5*#=!,-!L!;W!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!L!U!V!J>#%C!;M! G 5*#=!,-!L!

;X!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!6!U!;!J>#%C!LM( G 5*#=!,-!L!

;S!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!L!U!V!J>#%C!LM! G 5*#=!,-!L!;Y!:'(,3*2!;<66! "#&!,--! !

;9!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!W!U!X!J>#%C!6M! G 5*#=!,-!V!L<!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!S!U!Y!J>#%C!6M! G 5*#=!,-!V!

L6!:'(,3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!W!U!X!J>#%C!;M! G 5*#=!,-!L!

6!F,)*=3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!S!U!Y!J>#%C!;M! G 5*#=!,-!L!;!F,)*=3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!W!U!X!J>#%C!LM( G 5*#=!,-!L!

L!F,)*=3*2!;<66! 52#4+*'(+!S!U!Y!J>#%C!LM!Z!TA?@!6!(,!TA?@!;!

G 5*#=!,-!L!

V!F,)*=3*2!;<66! TA?@!;!(,!H#4!I$*4E!"#,! A%(.,/E.!6<!(2#4+*'(+!N*2*!1%#44*0!

(,!3*!N#%C*0!JN#%C*0!L!($=*+!*#'.MB!(.*!(N,!%#+(!(2#4+*'(+!9!U!6<!N*2*!

4,(!N#%C*0!0/*!(,!+.,2(#E*!,-!2$'*!(,!

1/2+/*!(.*!-$*%0!N,2C!J[M!

(

(



!"#$%%!"#$%%"&'($))*"&+,-.'/ !"#$%&'%#()!%&*+,-%.(-/$0!

!"#.0"&1'2/')'31+2*"4'2/1'5+26!"1,,%,-(&-2!3451!,-(6678%/9%*+$,%-:!,+'-%/&0!

7!;!*%))(.+$,!6$/<!8(&!=%+&.!>(/!"?!@!+A-$(!*%))(.+$,7#/$-+$,!/&!@B!C'-0!

!

D$(&,+'-,!E+$+!E()F+9!E%-G!(!-+(<!/6!;!-/!H!#+/#)+I!

!

!&#'(")*%+#,-(%

%

J/-+!-G(-!K+'(L,+!E+!$(&!/L-!/6!$%'+!K+6/$+!'/<#)+-%/&!/6!-G+!MB!-$(&,+'-,!#)(&&+9!

E+!'/L)9!&/-!E()F!-G+!-E/!)(,-!-$(&,+'-,!/$%.%&()):!#)(&&+9I!!

1-!+('G!,%-+!*%,%-+92!-$(&,+'-,!".+&+$()):!MB!($+!#)(&&+92!9+#+&9%&.!/&!G(K%-(-!(&9!

'/&9%-%/&,0! ($+! E()F+9! ;! -%<+,! +('GI! 5)+(,+! $+6+$! -/! #$+*%/L,! $+#/$-,! 6/$! </$+!

9+-(%),!/&!-$(&,+'-!E()F!<+-G/9,I!

%

."/"*#*01'%2#*#%!

5)+(,+!$+6+$!-/!#$+*%/L,!$+#/$-,!6/$!9+-(%),!/&!*+.+-(-%/&!9(-(!<+-G/9,I!

%

%

3")1&2%14%*5&"#*(%%

5)+(,+!$+6+$!-/!#$+*%/L,!$+#/$-,!6/$!9+-(%),!-G$+(-!$+'/$9,!<+-G/9,I!!

"

7*%,)/%"!

67")0"(%#))18'*%

!

1))!$+'/$9,!/6!,#+'%+,!/*+$!-G+!,-L9:!#+$%/9!($+!#$+,+&-+9!G+$+I!N#+'%+,!9+-+'-%/&,!

($+! $+#$+,+&-+9! /&! O%.L$+! ;! "<('(PL+,02! O%.L$+! H! "9/L',02! O%.L$+! Q! ".%KK/&,02!

O%.L$+! R! ".%KK/&! '()),! 9%$+'-%/&,02! O%.L$+! S! "K)('F7.%(&-! ,PL%$$+),0! (&9! O%.L$+! T!

"K$/E&!G/$&K%)),0I!

"



!""#$%"%&$#'#()%!"#$%$%$!$&&$'()&*&+!!

!"#$ %&&'(#&#$ (')'*+#$ ,'&$ &-."/#0$ 12$ /,1$ 0-33#4#2/$ 1))'&-12&$ '/$ /"#$ &'(#$

'55416-('/#$&-/#$'/$/"#$#20$13$/4'2&#)/$7$897:$;9<$=;>?@=A$B$9C@:$==<$=D>E=EA$FG$'/$

H@C$($'>&>I>$12$/"#$=C$J)/$89C"@9G$'20$12$9$B1K$8D"?;G$&+..#&/-2.$-/$('L$4#54#&#2/$

/"#$&'(#$.41+5>$!"#$3-4&/$0#/#)/-12$1))+44#0$'3/#4$"#'4-2.$-2/#4')/-12$)'II&$M#/,##2$

(#(M#4&$ 13$ /"#$ .41+5$ '20$ &5#)-#&$ ,'&$ I'/#4$ -0#2/-3-#0$ ,"#2$ -20-K-0+'I$ ,#4#$

1M&#4K#0$,-/"$M-21)+I'4&>$ !,#2/LN3-K#$8?@G$ -20-K-0+'I&$,#4#$ )1+2/#0$ 12$ /"#$ 3-4&/$

0#/#)/-12$ -2)I+0-2.$ -23'2/&>$ O20-K-0+'I&$ &-."/#0$,#4#$ )"'4')/#4-&#0$ ML$M41,2$ 3+4P$

('&&-K#$M10L$'20$/"-)Q$/'-I$)1K#4#0$ML$"'-4>$J2#$-20-K-0+'I$"'0$'$4#'0-&"$3')#>$$

!

*+%")"&$#'#()%&,#,!'-.$//$-&

R"#&+&$(')'*+#&$,#4#$1M&#4K#0$12#$/-(#$12$/"#$=$B1K$8D"?;G$341($/4'2&#)/$H$&/'4/$

51-2/$ 897:$ ;9<$ ?9>77DA$B$9C@:$ ==<$ ?7>;EHA$FG$ '/$ 7H7$($'>&>I>$ S41+5$ &-T#$,'&$ 21/$

51&&-MI#$ /1$ '&&#&&$ '&$ /"#$ .41+5$,'&$ I'4.#IL$ &54#'0>$ U1,#K#4P$ /"#$ .41+5$ &##(#0$

3'-4IL$I'4.#$8V?C$N$=CG$'&$'/$/"#$(1(#2/$13$0#/#)/-12$'$5'4/$13$/"#$.41+5$,'&$12$/"#$

1/"#4$ &-0#$ 13$ /"#$ 4-K#4$ 8,"#4#$ /4'2&#)/$ &/'4/-2.$51-2/$ -&$ I1)'/#0GP$ '20$ -20-K-0+'I&$

W1-2#0$/"#$1/"#4$5'4/$13$/"#$.41+5$)41&&-2.$/"#$4-K#4$'M1K#$+&$-2$/"#$/4##&X$V$9C$,#4#$

1M&#4K#0$-2)I+0-2.$W+K#2-I#&>$!"#$'2-('I&$"'0$)"'4')/#4-&/-)'IIL$'$(14#$&I#20#4$'20$

&('II#4$M10L$/"'2$%&&'(#&#$(')'*+#&$,-/"$/"-22#4$/'-I$5'4/-'IIL$)1K#4#0$,-/"$"'-4>$

!"#-4$3+4$)1I1+4$,'&$.4#L-&"$'20$3')#$5-2Q-&">$

&

.#'#()%&"/&&

Y2-0#2/-3-#0$ (')'*+#&$ &5#)-#&$ 80#/#)/#0$ ML$ /"#-4$ )'II&G$ ,#4#$ 0#/#)/#0$ 12$ /"4##$

1/"#4$1))'&-12&$8&##$Z-.+4#$=G>$

&&

&

&

&

&



!

"#$%&'!()!!"#"$#%&'()*%+,#%'+*(-($.//*0(&1(2.$.34"(*5"$%"*(647%'+(#7.'*"$#(8./9*(

)%'$/46%'+(#,"(:(7"5".#*(&1(".$,(#7.'*"$#0(.'6(&#,"7(.$#%;%#%"*(%'(<.2(='(7"*".7$,(

*%#">!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

$1$1

!)

!)

!)#0

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Line transects

Rivers

#0Rhesus macaque sightings

!) Macaque sp detections

$1 Assamese macaques sightings

±

0 0.5 1 1.5 20.25

km

© Camille Coudrat



!"#$%&'()"#*#+,-*.!"#$%&'()*+,-$,.//!

"#$%&'()*#$!$+,-!.(&!&/0'1#$!+)!23!$/44#5#)1!+--(&/+)&6!1'#5#4+5#!1'#!7+&1!&/0'1#$!

$/,5)(8! 95/7(1#! &9#-/#&! $,5/)0! 1'#! &1,$:;! <.+! &/0'1/)0&! +--,55#$! .'/8#! 0+/)0! 1+!

15()&#-1! 2! &1(51! 9+/)16! (1! 1'#! (995+=/7(1#! &(7#! 8+-(1/+)! >5/?#5! @()*A! ()$! 1/7#!

&,00#&1/)0!1'#!1.+!$#1#-1/+)&!7(:!@#!+4!1'#!&(7#!05+,9B!+)!1'#!CD!E-16!F'DC!(1!FG2!

7!(;&;8;!>2FH!D2I!CJ;F3CK!L!2M3H!NDI!NN;N2OK!PQ!R2!+)!S/0,5#!DA6!+)#!($,81!.(&!4/5&1!

$#1#-1#$!4##$/)0!+)!(!15##!()$!'/$!/)!1'#!15##!4+5!(!4#.!7/),1#&!@#4+5#!/1!48#$!()$!+)!

1'#!C3!E-16!F'33!(1!F3M!7!(;&;8;!>2FH!D2I!CG;22MK!L!2M3H!NDI!NM;C2GK!PQ!RD!+)!S/0,5#!

DA6!+)#!($,81!()$!(!T,?#)/8#!.#5#!4/5&1!$#1#-1#$!4##$/)0!+)!45,/1&!+)!(!15##!>-;4;!U8(1#!

2AQ!.'#)!1'#!05+,9!&(.!1'#!1#(76!(8(57!-(88&!45+7!1.+!/)$/?/$,(8&!'/$/)0!/)!15##&!

(@+?#!,&!.#5#!'#(5$!.'/8#!1'#!5#&1!+4!1'#!05+,9!.(&!48##/)0!/)!1'#!&(7#!$/5#-1/+)6!

#?#)1,(88:!(88!/)$/?/$,(8&!48#$!(41#5!(!4#.!7/),1#&;!

!

<'#!5#&1!+4!1'#!&/0'1/)0&!+--,55#$!$,5/)0!15()&#-1!.(8*&;!V88!&/0'1/)0&!(5#!95#&#)1#$!

+)!<(@8#!C! >/)! -'5+)+8+0/-(8! +5$#5A;! W4!7+5#! 1'()!+)#! #)-+,)1#5! +--,55#$!+)!1'#!

&(7#!$(:6!W!)+1#$!/4!05+,9&!&##7#$!1+!@#!1'#!&(7#!(--+5$/)0!1+!1'#!$/5#-1/+)!.'#5#!

1'#!4/5&1!05+,9!&/0'1#$!48#$;!W4!+)#!05+,9!48#$!/)!1'#!+99+&/1#!$/5#-1/+)!+4!1'#!15()&#-1!

()$!()+1'#5!$#1#-1/+)!+--,55#$!(8+)0!1'#!15()&#-16!W!)+1#$!1'(1!1'#!1.+!#)-+,)1#5&!

.#5#!+4!C!$/44#5#)1!05+,9&!>0/?#)!1'#!4#(5!+4!',7()&6!/1!/&!?#5:!,)8/*#8:!1'(1!1'#!&(7#!

05+,9!-(7#!@(-*!1+.(5$&!,&!(41#5! 48##/)0! /)!1'#!+99+&/1#!$/5#-1/+)A;!V--+5$/)0! 1+!

1'/&!()$!1+!1'#!8+-(1/+)&!+4!1'#!$/44#5#)1!&/0'1/)0&6!D%3!05+,9&!(5#!#&1/7(1#$!1+!+--,5!

/)!1'#!5#&#(5-'!&/1#!-+?#5#$;!W1!/&!/)1#5#&1/)0!1+!)+1#!1'(1!)+!#)-+,)1#5!#?#5!+--,55#$!

+)!15()&#-1&!N6!D!()$!36!.'/-'!/&!(8&+!.'#5#!7+&1!+4!1'#!(@()$+)#$!',)1#5!-(79&!

.#5#!4+,)$;!!

!

<:9/-(8! @#'(?/+5! /)! 95#&#)-#! +4! ',7()! .(&! +@&#5?#$! 4+5! 7+&1! #)-+,)1#5&B!

/)$/?/$,(8&!7+?#! /)! 1'#! 15##&! 1+! '/$#!.'/8#! &+7#! +1'#5! &1(51! 48##/)0! /)! 1'#! &(7#!

$/5#-1/+)!+)#!@:!+)#6!#?#)1,(88:!1'#!/)$/?/$,(8&!'/$/)0!4+88+.!1'#!+1'#5!7#7@#5&Q!

1'#! X#&-(9#! 5+,1#Y! @#/)0! (995+=/7(1#8:! 1'#! &(7#;! <'/&! @#'(?/+5! 7(*#&! (88! 1'#!

/)$/?/$,(8&!+4!(!05+,9!?#5:!?,8)#5(@8#!1+!0,)!',)1#5&;!W)!&+7#!-(&#&!>C!1/7#&!+4!1'#!

23!#)-+,)1#5&!'#5#A6! &+7#!+4!1'#! /)$/?/$,(8&!&1(:/)0!@#'/)$6! '/$/)0! /)! 15##&!#7/1!

(8(57!-(88&!4+5!(&!8+)0!(&!1'#:!&1(:!(5+,)$;!W)!+1'#5!+--(&/+)&6!1'#!05+,9!&98/1!/)!'(84!

./1'!&+7#!/)$/?/$,(8&!48##/)0!/)!+)#!$/5#-1/+)!()$!&+7#!/)!()+1'#5!$/5#-1/+);!!

!



!"#$%&'()*&+*"*&(,&-*,*"./&."#$,0&12314&(,0(5(0$./'6&*78*%9&:#"&#,*&/#,*&(,0(5(0$./&

#;'*"5*0&<=>?&.,0&@&(,0(5(0$./'&9#-*9A*"&*,8#$,9*"*0&<=B?C&

&

!"#$%& 'D& E#9./& #:& 9A*& :(:9**,& *,8#$,9*"'& +(9A& "*03'A.,F*0& 0#$8& #5*"& 9A*& '9$0G&

%*"(#0C&

!"#$%

&'($%

)**+,'-"#$% ./#'#0,$% 1%*-%

2'34%5%

!$#"'/6%

!"#$%&#!'((#

)*"!#

()+#"(,#!-.)/!0#1##

('/+#2",#22.2(30#4#

)5(#6# (# !""#$%&'"#()#*"+*#

!"#$%&#!'((#

3*/'#

()+#"(,#/).2")0#1##

('/+#2",#((.-520#4#

3"2#6# !# #

!"#$%&#!'((#

(2*('#

()+#"(,#2!."'!0#1##

('/+#2",#(".3!)0#4#

--(#6# 2# 789:;#<86;#8<#=>?@A#B!#

!/#$%&#!'((#

)*//#()+#"(,#!5.(('0#1##

('/+#2",#2'.!(50#4#

)/'#6#

#

"# !""#$%&'"#()#*"+* #

!5#$%&#!'((#

((*(/#

()+#"(,#"/.5!30#1##

('/+#22,#//."-'0#4#

-2/#6# /# #

!5#$%&#!'((#

(!*"!#

()+#"(,#2'.)!/0#1##

('/+#2",#!2.("30#4#

-"(#6# 5# CDEE;>;F&#=>?@A#E>?6#B/#

2(#$%&#!'((#

((*22#

()+#"',#!-.(("0#1##

('/+#2",#2/.-5/0#4#

)(/#6# )# #

2(#$%&#!'((#

(!*'"#

()+#"',#22.("20#1##

('/+#2",#!/.5//0#4#

)"5#6# -# (#G?F;#DFHDIDH@8G#JEG;H#?F#&*;#

=>?@FHK#

(#1?I#!'((#

('*2(#

()+#"(,#(3./(-0#1##

('/+#22,#2'.(2!0#4#

-'5#6# 3# !#G?F;#DFHDIDH@8G<L#689:;#6;6:;><#

?E#B('#

(#1?I#!'((#

('*"2#

()+#"(,#(5.()"0#1##

('/+#22,#25.-('0#4#

)3-#6# ('# #

(#1?I#!'((#

((*(/#

()+#"(,#'5.2'30#1##

('/+#22,#//.-5-0#4#

)33#6# ((# CDEE;>;F&#=>?@A#E>?6#B('#

2#1?I#!'((#

)*/5#

()+#"(,#!).35"0#1##

('/+#22,#/).-"-0#4#

-5'#6# (!# #

2#1?I#!'((#

-*23#

()+#"(,#2/.2530#1##

('/+#22,#2-."3(0#4#

-"2#6# (2# CDEE;>;F&#=>?@A#E>?6#B(!#

2#1?I#!'((#

('*(2#

()+#"(,#(!.23"0#1##

('/+#22,#"".!2'0#4#

-")#6# ("# M86;#=>?@A#8<#B(2##

2#1?I#!'((#

('*"2#

()+#"(,#'2./'30#1##

('/+#22,#/-.)2-0#4#

)-'#6# (/# CDEE;>;F&#=>?@A#E>?6#B("#

&

&

&

&



!

"#$%&'!()!!"#"$#%&'()*%+,#%'+*-(&.(/&0$*(/01%'+(#12'*"$#(3245*()%'$40/%'+(#,"(6(

1"7"2#*(&.("2$,(#12'*"$#-(2'/(&#,"1(2$#%8%#%"*(%'(92:(;'(1"*"21$,(*%#"()'&#"<(

'0:="1*(%'/%$2#"(#,"($,1&'&4&+%$24(&1/"1(&.(#,"("'$&0'#"1*>($?.?(@2=4"(A-?!

!

!

*+%,-'&.!/-#,'01-''2'3!$#44+.!5!"#$%&'%(%)*) 6!

;'(#,"(.%1*#(/2B(211%8%'+(2#(#,"(8%442+"()AC#,(;$#->(2(=2=B(+%==&'(32*(%'(#,"(,&0*"(&.(

&01(,&*#()$?.?(D42#"(A-?(@,"(%'.2'#(32*(:24">(71&=2=4B(2(."3(:&'#,*(&4/?(E#(32*(%'(8"1B(

7&&1( $&'/%#%&'( 2'/( "F#1":"4B( /",B/12#"/?( E#( 32*( 5"7#( %'( 2( $2+"( 2'/( ."/( 3%#,(

$&'/"'*"/( :%45?( @,"( 7"&74"( "F742%'"/( #,2#( #,"B( ,2/( $27#01"/( %#( 2( ."3( /2B*(

71"8%&0*4B( .1&:( #,"( #1""( 3,"1"( %#*(:&#,"1( ,2/( 4".#( %#?( @,%*( *#&1B( *"":*( 0'4%5"4B(

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

[!

7

8

1

2

5

36

4

12

13

9

10

14

11

15

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Rivers

Line transects

[! Douc sightings

±

0 0.5 1 1.5 20.25km

© Camille Coudrat



!"#$%&'(%#)*+,'*-".#)*/)'*"0*+,%$*)%11"#*2,%!,*3.$+*(/('4-*4'/5'*%+$*3"+,'(6$*1"&-7*

3"('"5'(8* )%11"#$* 4%5'* 5'(-* ,%),* .9* %#* +(''$8* 2,%!,* $.))'$+* 9'"94'* 2".4&* ,/5'*

#''&'&*+"*!4%31*:*;<*3*+(''*+"*)'+*+,'*1/1-*/44*+,%$*+(".14'*0"(*4'/5%#)*%+*&-%#)*"#!'*

%#* +,'* 5%44/)'=*>+*".(* ('+.(#* 0("3* 0%'4&*2"(?8* +,'* 1/1-* )%11"#* ,/&* 1''#* +/?'#*1-*

&%$+(%!+*$+/00*1.+*2/$*('9"(+'&4-*%#*$.!,*9""(*!"#&%+%"#*+,/+*%+*9("1/14-*&%'&*$,"(+4-*

/0+'(=*

*

>*)(".9*"0*)%11"#$*2/$*$%),+'&*"#*+(/#$'!+*@*A;BC*D<E*FF=G<DH*I*;<JC*FDE*GJ=K@LH*MN*

"#*+,'*G*I"5*A;;,JLN*/+*BJ<*3*/=$=4=*O,'*)(".9*2/$*!"39"$'&*"0*"#'*/&.4+*0'3/4'*

/#&*+2"*/&.4+*3/4'$=*

*

P%11"#$*2'('*,'/(&*0("3*Q/39*;*/#&*Q/39*G*/$*2'44*/$*0("3*+,'*+(/#$'!+$=*R%).('*@*

('9('$'#+$*+,'*&%('!+%"#*"0*!/44$*,'/(&=*R("3*+,%$*0%).('8*DSJ*)(".9$*/('*'$+%3/+'&*+"*

%#,/1%+*+,'*/('/*!"5'('&=*T+/(+%#)*+%3'*"0*!/44$*(/#)'&*0("3*J,DJ*+"*L,F@*/3*2%+,*/#*

/5'(/)'* $+/(+%#)* +%3'* /+* @,FD* /3* A#U;JN=* Q/44$* 2'('* #"+* ,'/(&* '5'(-* 3"(#%#)=*

T"3'+%3'$*"#4-*3/4'*$"#)$*2'('*,'/(&=*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

*

**



!

!"#$%&'()'"#$#%$&'(!)*&+,$&(+*!-!%.//*0!'1!+&22'(*!345&(+!$5.(*#%$!6./7*!)&(%/43&(+!

$,#!8!5#9#.$*!'1!#.%,!$5.(*#%$0!.(3!'$,#5!.%$&:&$&#*!&(!;.<!=(!5#*#.5%,!*&$#>'

'

%,

!.!.

!.!.

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Rivers

Line transects

!. Gibbon calls on transects

%, Gibbon sighting

±

0 0.5 1 1.5 20.25km

© Camille Coudrat



!

"#$%&'!()!!"#$%&"'()'*)+",,'()%-../)*#'0)%-01/)-(2)&#-(/$%&/3))!

*+,-./$#,01!23%#&&'+!4!"#$%"&'()*+*, 5!

4.-%56+"-(&)/78"##$.)9-/)/"+:&$2)'()&9')2"**$#$(&)'%%-/"'(/)-(2):$-#2)'()*";$)'&:$#)

'%%-/"'(/3))<"#/&)/"+:&)'%%8##$2)'()&:$)=)>';)?@:A=B)-&)CDE)0)-3/3.3)'()&#-(/$%&)C)?FCG)HFI)FD3HJHK)>)FJAG)=HI)DD3H==K)LB)9:$()&9')"(2";"28-./)9$#$)/$$()&'+$&:$#3)M$%'(2)

/"+:&)'*)'($)"(2";"28-.)'%%8##$2)'()&:$)/-0$)2-N)?E:HEB)-&)OFJ)0)-3/3.)'()&#-(/$%&)O)

?FCG)HFI)FO3AH@K)>)FJAG)==I)=F3DADK)LB3)P..)#$%'#2/)-#$)/:'9()'()<"+8#$)C3)



!"#$%&'()'!"#"$#%&'()*%+,#%'+*(-($.//*0(&1(2/.$34+%.'#(*56%77"/*()!"#$%"&'()*+*, 0(

867%'+(#7.'*"$#(9./3*()%'$/68%'+(#,"(:(7";".#*(&1(".$,(#7.'*"$#0((.'8(&#,"7(.$#%<%#%"*(

%'(=.>(?'(7"*".7$,(*%#"@()'&#"A(*%+,#%'+*(.7"(%'8%$.#"8(9%#,(B0'

(

*%+,-'.+%-/"00'1 !"#$$%&"'()*&+,-..& 2'C,"( 27&9'(,&7'2%//(9.*( #,"( &'/D( ,&7'2%//(*;"$%"*( 8"#"$#"8(&<"7( #,"( *#68D(;"7%&8(

8"*;%#"( &#,"7(,&7'2%//(*;"$%"*( 7";&7#"8(#&(&$$67( %'( #,"( .7".@(?'"( +7&6;( &1(27&9'(

,&7'2%//*(9.*(,".78(.'8(*%+,#"8(&'(#7.'*"$#(E()FGH(IJK(LM@MNGO(=(FJNH(:IK(:F@NMNO(

P0(&'(#,"( LM( ?$#( )FI,FN0(.#( GIJ(>( .@*@/@( .'8( #,"( *6*;"$#"8(*.>"(+7&6;(9.*(,".78(

17&>(Q.>;(F()FGH(IFK(R@GFFO(=(FJNH(:IK(LJ@RMLO(P0(#,"(1&//&9%'+(>&7'%'+(.#(N,:I@(

S"$&78*(.7"(;7"*"'#"8(&'(T%+67"(R@(

(

X

X

XX

X

X

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Rivers

Line transects

X Black giant squirrel detections

±

0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.50.25

km

© Camille Coudrat

**



!

!"#$%&'()'"#$#%$&'(!)*&+,$&(+*!-(.!%-//*0!'1!23'4(!,'3(2&//*!.53&(+!$3-(*#%$!4-/6*!

)&(%/5.&(+!$,#!7!3#8#-$*!'1!#-%,!$3-(*#%$0!-(.!'$,#3!-%$&9&$&#*!:-;!<(!3#*#-3%,!*&$#!

!

!

'

*+,&'+-'+,.&%'/-"0/12'3&,&4,&3)'!

=';8-3#.!4&$,!83#9&'5*!-3#-*!9&*&$#.>!*&+(*!'1!+3'5(.!.4#//&(+!;-;;-/*!4-*!9#3?!

/&$$/#@! A,#3#! 4-*! ('! 3#%'3.! '1! .3'88&(+*! 13';! ;5($B-%*! '3! *-;2-3! .##3! 4,&%,! &*!

5*5-//?! C5&$#! -! %';;'(! *&+(! #(%'5($#3#.@! D/$,'5+,! '(#! *&(+/#! $3-%6! 13';! /-3+#!

-($/#3#.! ;5($B-%! -(.! '(#! '1! 3#.! ;5($B-%! 4#3#! *##(@! E&+(*! 13';! 4&/.! 8&+*! )(#*$>!

.3'88&(+*>! $3-%6*0! 4#3#!*##(@!=&9#$! 1#%#*!4-*! *##(@!</.! )FGH! ?#-3*!'/.0! 2#-3! %/-4!

;-36*!'(!$3##!4#3#!#(%'5($#3#.!-!1#4!$&;#*!)%@1@!I/-$#!J0@!!

!'

''

XY

XY

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Rivers

Line transects

XY Brown hornbill detections

±

0 0.5 1 1.5 20.25km

© Camille Coudrat



!"#"$%$&'()%(*)"(+&,'(-"($%.)*%$%)

)!"#"$%&'( #)*"( +)#)*",( -$#( &'$%$&*"%)#",( ./( ,%/( "+"%0%""1( 23%"#*4( 5"+"%$6( 32( *'"(

*%$1#"&*#(-"1*( *'%370'( ,"1#"( .$8.33( 23%"#*#9( 83#*( 32( )*( -$#( ,"$,( $1,( ,%/( $1,(

*'"%"23%"( +"%/(13)#/( *3(-$6:(31($1,( 6$.3%)37#(*3(-$6:( *'%370'4(;$8.33( ,)"#($1,(0%3-(.$&:($0$)1("+"%/(<(=(/"$%#(>+)66$0"%#9(?"%#4(&3884@4(538"(#8$66(?3&:"*#(32(?)1"(

23%"#*(-"%"(#38"*)8"#("1&371*"%",(31(*'"(-$/(*3(%"#"$%&'(#)*"4((

(

A+"%$0"($6*)*7,"()#(BCD(8($4#464(>%$10"(EECFCG=(8($4#464@(>)1&67,)10($66(-$/?3)1*#(3+"%(

*'"(#*7,/(?"%)3,@4(A+"%$0"(*"8?"%$*7%"(-$#(DH4CIJ(8)1(K(=G4BIJ(8$L($1,($+"%$0"(

'78),)*/(-$#(=M4NO(8)1(K(NN4EO(8$L4(P*(1"+"%(%$)1",(,7%)10(*%$1#"&*(-$6:#4(

(A(*3*$6(32(MQ(+"0"*$*)31(?3)1*#(-"%"(#$8?6",(>237%(31("$&'(*%$1#"&*@4(

R"*$)6",(,$*$(&366"&*",(31(+"0"*$*)31()#(13*(?%"#"1*",('"%"4((

)

/0,"%$1)

)S'%"$*#( "1&371*"%",( -"%"T( #1$%"#( >")*'"%( )#36$*",( *%$?#( 3%( #"+"%$6( $6310( $( 8$1(

8$,"( *%$&:@9( ?"3?6"( &$8?#9( U)"*1$8"#"( 8$%:#( 31( *%""#9( 071#'3*#9( U)"*1$8"#"(

?"3?6"( $1,( 6300)104( A66( 32( *'"#"( >"L&"?*( 23%( U)"*1$8"#"( 8$%:( 31( *%""#@( $%"(

%"?%"#"1*",(31(V)07%"(H4((

(

A(*3*$6(32(2)+"(>E@('71*"%(&$8?#(-"%"("1&371*"%",()1&67,)10(31"(U)"*1$8"#"('71*"%(

&$8?( *'$*( -$#( $( 2"-(831*'#( 36,( ><A?%)6FW$/( MGDD@( ( >&424( X6$*"( D@( $1,( *'"( 237%(

3*'"%#($(2"-(/"$%#(36,4(S-3(32(*'"('71*"%(&$8?#("1&371*"%",('$,(-33,"1(&$0"#(>&424(

X6$*"(D@Y(13($1)8$6(%"8$)1#(-"%"(2371,4(

(

Z1(*'"(MG(Z&*9(>31(37%(-$/(*3(J$8?(D9(."23%"(&%3##)10([$8(Z1Y(DBI(=B\(QB4EME]([(

DGEI(=M\(=E4DE=](^Y(MNGI([_@(*-3(&31#"&7*)+"(071#'3*#(-"%"('"$%,($1,(31(*'"(MC(

Z&*($(%)226"(#'3*(-$#('"$%,(2%38(*%$1#"&*(H(>DBI(QG\(DB4CHE]([(DGEI(=Q\(QC4DBQ](^@4(

(

Z+"%( *'"( #*7,/( ?"%)3,( DD( #1$%"( 6)1"#( -"%"( "1&371*"%",4( 538"( 8$/( '$+"( .""1(

%"&3%,",( 83%"( *'$1( 31&"( )2( &%3##",( $*( ,)22"%"1*( ?6$&"#( >#1$%"( 6)1"#( -"%"( 13*(

23663-",($1,(8"$#7%",@4(Z16/(31"(-$#($&*)+"(>-)%"#($**$&'",(*3(*'"(0%371,(*3(&$*&'(



!"#$!%&' (!&&#")' *+,-.)+/0' !%*+-.)+' *+1' &1*' .(' -2' *+1' %#"1' ' 3*,11&' !"4' 5,!"6+1&'

!,,!")14'-"'!' &*,!#)+*'%#"1' 2-,$#")'!"'!,*#2#6#!%'!"#$!%' *,!#%/'7!&' !' 217'81!,&'-%40'

&.))1&*#")'9&"!,1,&:'6-$1'5!6;',1).%!,%8'3.&.!%%8',!#"8'&1!&-"/'*-'*+1#,'-%4'%#"1'&1*'

.(<'*,!(&'71,1'!%%'41!6*#=!*14'!"4'7#,1&'6-%%16*14>'?"-*+1,'-%4'%#"1'&*#%%'+!4'7#,1&'

5.*' !%%' *,!(&'71,1' 41!6*#=!*14>' @+1' ,1&*' -2' *+1' %#"1&'71,1' -%4' 3A' B' 81!,/'7#*+' "-'

7#,1&>'?'*-*!%'-2'CD'7#,1&'71,1'6-%%16*14'!"4'41&*,-814'35.,"*/'-"'&#*1'36>2>'E%!*1'B/'

'

'

!"#$%&'(F'@+,1!*&'1"6-."*1,14'-=1,'*+1'&*.48'(1,#-4'#"'G!$'H"',1&1!,6+'&#*1>'!

h

h

D DD

D

D

D

D

D

D D

D

kj

kjkjkj

kj

Nam On

Ban Xieng Dao

Elevation

Value

High

Low

kj Hunter camps

D Snare lines or traps

h Gun shots

±

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat



!"#$%##"&'()"*+(,"--./01#(!

"#$! %#&$$!'())*+$&,! -.(/(/+! %#$! ,%012!3$&$! (/%$&'($3$1!./! %#$! 45!67%! *%!8*9:!;<!

"#$2!&$:.&%$1!%#$!:&$,$/7$!.=!1.07,>!=.0&!?@A!9*7*B0$,!,:$7($,C!&#$,0,!? -"'/(20'/A>!

,%09:D%*()$1!?-"'/(2"'A>!:(+D%*()$1!?-"'/(3.'/A!*/1!E,,*9$,$!?-"'/(4&5(60'/A>!%#&$$F!

?GA!,:$7($,!.=!,).3!).&(,$,C!:2+92!,).3!).&(,!? -"'/(-&5(#.'"*('&7 A>!H$/+*)!,).3!).&(,!

?-"'/( -&5( #.'"*('7."A>! */1! *! %#(&1!3#(7#! %#$2! 1$,7&(I$1! *,! ,9*))! */1! :)*(/! &$1! (/!

7.).0&!3(%#!/.!1.&,*)! ,%&(:$! !"# $%&'# ()$# *+,-.,*#$/# &$0.*,*#10,#-$%/.02,3# .%#41$#

5678# 1%3# (9.*# (9.03#3,*-0.:,3# /$028# -$00,*+$%3*# +0$:1:&'# ($# (9,# +';2'# *&$)#

&$0.*#)9.-9#.*#<%$)%#($#-91%;,#-$&$=01(.$%#).(9#*,1*$%*#1%3#21'#$0#21'#%$(#

91>,#+0,*,%-,#$/#1#3$0*1&#*(0.+,? <!J())*+$&,!,*(1!%#*%!).&(,$,!3$&$!#0/%$1!=.&!=..1!

*/1!*),.!,.9$!'())*+$,!0,$1!).&(,$,K!I()$!*,!I*)9!%.!70&$!=$'$&<!"#$2!9$/%(./$1!%#$!

:&$,$/7$!.=!%3.F!+(II./!,:$7($,C!./$!3(%#!3#(%$!7#$$L$1!?M.0%#$&/!3#(%$!7#$$L$1!

+(II./A! */1! ./$! %.%*))2! I)*7L! !"# (9,# &1((,0# .*# .%# %$# 3$=:(# (9,# 0,*=&(# $/# +$$0#

>.*.:.&.('# .%#(9,# /$0,*(#1%3#3.//.-=&('# ($#%$(.-,# (9,#+0,*,%-,#$/# )9.(,#-9,,<*@#1&&#

:&1-<#;.::$%*#A#:&1-<B-0,*(,3#;.::$%8#!"#$%&'%(&")&"*"+(*'#A#$%&'#,C.*(.%;#.%#1#

>,0'# 0,*(0.-(,3# 01%;,# .%#D$0(9,0%#41$*? <! N(/*))2>! %#$2! ,*(1! %#*%! =&*/7.(,! )*/+0&,!

?=&*/7.(,!)*/+0&!+&.0:O)(9$,%./$!)*/+0&,P!-"'/(3.'/A!3$&$!.=%$/!,$$/!.::.,(%$!%#$(&!

'())*+$!(/!%#$!QQ"DR(/!Q*9/.!7.&&(1.&>!3#(7#!(,!7#*&*7%$&(,$1!I2!)(9$,%./$!#*I(%*%<!"#$2! *),.! &$:.&%$1! %#$! :&$,$/7$! .=! %#&$$! #.&/I())! ,:$7($,C! I&.3/!#.&/I())>! +&$*%!

#.&/I())!*/1!&0=.0,D/$7L$1!#.&/I())!3#(7#!%#$2!9.,%)2!,$$!/$*&!%#$(&!'())*+$<!

!

"#$2!+.!(/%.!%#$!=.&$,%!$'$&2!9./%#!=.&!*I.0%!S!1*2,>!I0%!/$'$&!+.!'$&2!=*&!T!%#$2!

*)9.,%!/$'$&!7.9$!3#$&$!%#$!&$,$*&7#!3*,!I*,$1!?U!;V!L9!=&.9!%#$!'())*+$A<!"#$2!

7.9$! %.! 7.))$7%! =..1! ?$<+<! :*)9! ,%$9,! T! 6&&'>! *&&'A! */1! =(,#<! R0/%(/+! 3*,! /.%!

9$/%(./$1>!*,!%#(,!(,!:&.I*I)2!*!,$/,(%('$!%.:(7<!!

"#$2! &$:.&%$1! :.:0)*%(./! .=! *))! ,:$7($,! (/! %#$! *&$*! ?(/7)01(/+! 3()1! :(+,A! #*1!

1$7&$*,$1!?-&%*(-&'/A!(/!%#$!)*,%!2$*&,!10$!%.!%#$!,/*&$,>!+0/,!? 4%'A!*/1!&(==)$,!? 4%'(

30* A!3(1$)2!(/!0,$!(/!%#$!*&$*>!9.,%)2!I2!J($%/*9$,$!:$.:)$<!

!

W#$/! *,L$1!*I.0%! %#$!9$*/(/+! .=!Q*%(./*)! X&.%$7%$1! E&$*! ? 4..( #.'/('/&%.'A! %.!

%#$9>!%#$2!,*(1! (%! (,!+..1! %.!:&.%$7%! &('$&,>!*))! ,:$7($,!*/1! %#*%! (%! (,!*/!(9:.&%*/%!:)*7$!=.&!:$.:)$K,!)('$)(#..1!?=.&!=..1>!I0()1(/+!9*%$&(*)!*/1!9$1(7(/$A<!!



!"#$%&'()%*"'*%+#,-.#%*"#%#&*'+/(&"0#1*%-,%22!%'&%'%2'*(-1'/%3.-*#4*#)%5.#'6%*"#$%

"')%1-%.#&*.(4*(-1%-,%'.#'&%*-%,(1)%*"#(.%,--)%7(*"(1%*"#%8(//'9#%+-:1)'.$6%+:*%1-7%

#'4"%8(//'9#%"'&%'%;-1#%,-.%8(//'9#%:&#<%%

%

!"#$%&'$%*"'*%*"#%'4*(8(*(#&%)-1#%+$%=>35%(14/:)#?%*.'(1(19%(1%*"#%@'&*%*-%4-1):4*%

/(1#%*.'1&#4*%&:.8#$&%'1)%4'0#.'%*.'@@(19%AB%$#'.&%'9-6%):#%*-%+#%.#@#'*#)%*"(&%$#'.%

-.% *"#% 1#C*D% '1)% *"'*% )#/(0(*'*(-1% -,% *"#% 235% '1)% ;-1#&% 7#.#% (0@/#0#1*#)% +$%

=>35%'1)% (18-/8#)%&-0#%-,% *"#%8(//'9#.&<%!"(&%8(//'9#%AE'1%F(#19%G'-D%(&%-:*&()#%

*"#% 235% +-:1)'.(#&% '1)% *"#.#,-.#% 1-*% :1)#.% *"#% ':*"-.(*$% -,% =>356% '/*"-:9"%

0'1'9#)%(1%@'.*1#.&"(@%+#*7##1%=>35%'1)%/-4'/%':*"-.(*(#&<%%

%

!"#$%#C@.#&&#)%*"#(.%7"(&"%*-%"'8#%0-.#%.:/#&%A-.%0'H#%*"#%.:/#&%0-.#%#1,-.4#)D%

.#9'.)(19% 8(//'9#% ;-1#&6% '&% *"#$%0#1*(-1#)% *"'*% 4:..#1*/$% 8(//'9#% ;-1'*(-1% (&% 1-*%

.#&@#4*#)%'1)%*"#.#,-.#6%8(//'9#.&%,.-0%'1$%8(//'9#%9-#&%(1*-%*"#%,-.#&*%(1%'1$%-*"#.%

8(//'9#% ;-1#<%!"#$% '/&-% *"(1H% I&(14#% *"#$%7#.#%1-*% 8#.$% 8-4'/% '+-:*%7"'*% '4*(-1&%

&"-:/)%+#%*'H#1%*-%@.-*#4*%*"#%,-.#&*6%*"#%J:#&*(-1%-,%(,%@'*.-//(19%7-:/)%+#%1##)#)%

-.%1-*%(1%*"#%'.#'%7'&%'&H#)%)(.#4*/$K%*"#.#%&"-:/)%+#%'%@'*.-//(19%*#'0%(1%*"#%'.#'%*-%

@.-*#4*%*"#%,-.#&*%,-.%1#7%9#1#.'*(-1<%!"#%-1/$%@'*.-//(19%*#'0%.#&@-1&(+/#%,-.%*"#%

'.#'%A2'0%L1D%(&%/-4'*#)%(1%M'19%N"'19%8(//'9#%AOPQ%H0%,.-0%*"#(.%8(//'9#D%7"(4"%

-1/$%@'*.-/&%2'0%L1%*-@%1#'.%*"#%M'-RS(#*1'0%+-.)#.<%

%

!"#$%0#1*(-1#)%*"#%@.#&#14#%8#.$%4-00-1%-,%S(#*1'0#&#%@#-@/#%(1%*"#%8(//'9#%'&%

7#//%'&%(1%*"#%,-.#&*<%

!

"#$%&&#'()*+%',!

%5/*"-:9"%*"#%9.-:1)%0'00'/%@-@:/'*(-1%(1%*"#%'.#'%&##0&%8#.$%/(**/#6%*"#%@.(0'*#%

@-@:/'*(-1%&*(//%&##0&%"#'/*"$<%!"#%,'4*%"-7#8#.%*"'*%-1#%+'+$%9(++-1%7'&%H#@*%(1%

*"#%8(//'9#%A7"(4"%0-*"#.%"')%@.-+'+/$%+##1%H(//#)D%'1)%*"'*%9:1%&"-*&%7#.#%"#'.)%

):.(19%*"#%&*:)$%&:99#&*%*"'*%*"#%@.(0'*#%&@#4(#&%'.#%"(9"/$%'*%.(&H<%5%9:1%4-1*.-/%(1%

*"#%8(//'9#&%+-.)#.(19%*"#%235%'/-19%*"#%2'0%L1%&"-:/)%+#%(0@/#0#1*#)%+$%/-4'/%

':*"-.(*(#&% (1% 4-//'+-.'*(-1%7(*"%=>35<%!"#% @'*.-//(19% *#'0% (1%M'19% N'19% 4-:/)%

(14/:)#%&-0#%8(&(*&%'/-19%*"#%2'0%L1%*-%*"#(.%:&:'/%@'*.-//(19%.-:*#<%5&%0#1*(-1#)%



!"#$%&#'())*+&,-#(.$&,'(&/&01#)*/-#23.2&,.(.+#43,&-$#5-&#63.&-#-%35)0#!&#,&(.43,2&0#

(.#*))#'())*+&-#*)3.+#$%&#7*8#9.1#!3,0&,(.+#$%&#7:;<#

#

=%&# >3885.($"# 95$,&*2%# *.0# >3885.($"# ;/*,&.&--# ?>9>;@# -&2$(3.# 34# AB:;#

235)0#(.2)50&#*#C,3+,*8#$3# ,&*2%#*))#'())*+&-# (.#*.0#*,35.0#$%&#7:;1#/%(2%#/35)0#

C,&-&.$# !*-(2# D.3/)&0+&# *!35$# 43,&-$1# &23)3+"1# *.(8*)-# *.0# 23.-&,'*$(3.#

(8C3,$*.2&#&$2<#$3#'())*+&,-1#!5$#C*,$(25)*,)"#(.#-2%33)-E#$%(-#235)0#!&#03.&#$%,35+%#

!33D-#*.0#-8*))#C,&-&.$*$(3.-#?/%(2%#F#/35)0#!&#%*CC"#$3#*--(-$#/($%@<##

#

!"#$%#&'#(#'&)*&+'#,-*.%&'#+*')%&(*'&*)/#'&'#0*11#23$)-*2%&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

!!



!

"#$%&!'!"#$%&%'"&()*+",-./+0"&$*"'&-,1"/+"2(3"4+"(.*("

"

"

5.-/&'"&$(&"6*.*"%7'*.8*,"&%"7*"*(&*+"71",%-9':";"<(3/==*"<%-,.(&">?@@"



!!!!!

!

"#$%!&'$$()!*+,-!')!-.+!/'00#&+1!2!3#4'00+!3(567#-!89::!

!

!

!

!

!

!



!"#$%&'!"#$%&'%()*"

"

"

+$$*)%",-.)/"'%"0')&%-1)/)",-123"4"#-1'55)"#$(*6-&"7899"

"0')&%-1)/)"26$*(,&/"5):&";<"=(%&)6/"'%"/-1)",-123"4"#-1'55)"#$(*6-&"7899"



!

!

!

!

!"#$%&'"!#$%&'%()*!

!

!

+,*!-)./!0,.1!2./34!$%!&/))5!6!#.2',,)!#$(*/.&!7899!

!



!

"#$%&'!()**&(+&,!-&.)%&!-/%#0#1!+2&3!)#!'0+&4!5!6$30**&!6)/,%$+!7899!

!



!!

!!"#$%&'(#$))"*+%*$,'%-,*%.,/01$*+2%3,*1,'4%56758%9%:,;"<<$%:(1=',>%5675%!!!!?@A!B%AC%D%EAF!GHDI%JF!K?I%BAF!%LC%CD.%

:MD?%DCH%BMD@MDL-DC%:NFJB?!J2%CDODL%CD.%

BM?FC%CDBLACDN%@!AB?:B?H%D!?D%!! !P>Q%>(%R>Q%3,*1,'4%5675%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

%

:,;"<<$%:(1=',>%

%



!"#$%&'(#)%"*

!"#$%!&'()*+,-!.$*%!-'!/0$+123!0+4'0-!',!.!1')05&.3!-0$4!/+-6++,!7.*!8#.+!.,&!

"#.4#.$/.,!82)%-+0%9! "#+! -0$4!6.%! 4.0-!'1!.!40':+(-! 2+&! /3!;$%%!<.02++! ".32'0!

=>('-')0$%*! ?+@+2'4*+,-! A11$(+0B! C)%-0.2$.,! D')-#! C*/.%%.&'0! 1'0!

?+@+2'4*+,-E! .,&! ;0! F#')G#.'G#.*! H+,I4#.@.,+! =J+.&! '1! >('-')0$%*!

H+(-$',B!K;FCE!-'!%)0@+3! 4'-+,-$.2! +('-')0$%*!%$-+%! $,!7.G.$57.*"#+),!7FC!

=77"!7FCE9!L!#.&!-#+!'44'0-),$-3!-'!1'22'6!-#+!-+.*!&)0$,I!-#$%!%)0@+3!-')09!

!

"#$%! 0+4'0-! 6$22! ',23! 40+%+,-! $,1'0*.-$',! 0+I.0&$,I! 6$2&2$1+! (',%[email protected]$',! .,&!

-#0+.-%! 1'0! -#+! .0+.! @$%$-+&9! F2+.%+! (',-.(-! <.02++! ".32'0!

=GM.02++M-.32'0N#'-*.$29('*E! 1'0! *'0+! $,1'0*.-$',! 0+I.0&$,I! -#+! +('-')0$%*!

.%4+(-!'1!-#+!-0$49!

*

+,#-%&.*

!"#"$%&'#"$%'

!

"#+!%$-+!@$%$-+&!$%!2'(.-+&!/+-6++,!7.*!8#.+!.,&!"#.4#.$/.,!82)%-+0%!=OP!.,&!

OQR!',!S$I)0+!QE9!"#+!-')0%!%-.0-+&!10'*!J').3!H.,.4!-'!J').3!"',I!.,&!-'!T.,!

;.G1)+,IB!I'$,I!/.(G!-'!T.,!A)&'*%')G!@$.!-#+!7.*!"#+),!=(919!S$I)0+!UE9!"#+!

-')0B!1'0!-#+!!*'%-!4.0-!1'22'6+&!+%-./2$%#+&!-0.$2%9!



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%$&!#$'!()*+,!#$-&.,$/!01.-*2-*3!41*$!$,3!3*/&'&-$-&.,!.5!

6-1$-*7&2!8.,*6!9&-)&,!-)*!41*$!:;<=04>!

!!

"#$%&%$%'(!

!

?$&/@!$2-&A&-&*6!.5!-)*!6-+3@!B*1&.3!$1*!3*621&C*3!&,!($C/*!DE!

!

)*+,&'("!?*621&B-&.,!.5!-)*!$2-&A&-&*6!!

-*.&/' 01."2".3' -&.*",/'

F-)!G$,+$1@!HIDH! J.$-!51.'!J$,!K+3.'6.+%!

-.!L.+$@!M$,$B!<$/%!51.'!L.+$@!M$,$B!-.!

N$'B!D!:ND>!

O H!A&//$7*16!9*1*!)&1*3!51.'!J$,!

J.+$'$!$/.,7!-)*!1*6*1A.&1!

P-)!G$,+$1@!HIDH! N$'B!D!-.!L.+$@!(.,7!

5.//.9&,7!$!-1$&/!:'.6-!.5!

-)*!9$@>!

O N$'B!H!9$6!*6-$C/&6)*3!$/.,7!

L.+$@!(.,7!

Q-)!G$,+$1@!HIDH! N$'B!H!:NH>!-.!J$,!

=$%5+*,7!5.//.9&,7!$!-1$&/!

O K,*!,&7)-!6B*,-!&,!J$,!=$%5+*,7R!

3+1&,7!-)*!*A*,&,7!&,-*1A&*96!

-..%!B/$2*!9&-)!*/3*16!!

S-)!G$,+$1@!HIDH! J$,!=$%5+*,7!-.!J$,!

K+3.'6.+%!A&$!-)*!#$'!

()*+,!

!



!"#$%

%! !"##$ %&'())$ *&+(,'" #$%&'&()*+," -./.0&1,.2'" 344*%.)5" 6(+')70*72" 8&('9"

6,:7++7;&)"4&)"-./.0&1,.2'<""

! !'$-.,/0.&,0.&1$2)345.&6&3)"#=.7;"&4"$%&'&()*+,">.%'*&25"?@A6<""! !'$7/8)'9$:(&)+##)3#"#B)..2"-*+%&/.)C"D7&+<"

! !"##$ :&1"(()$ :,/;'&9 " #A9-" E72;*;7'.5" A)*,7'." E&2+.)/7'*&25" 3F4&);"

G)&&H.+"I2*/.)+*'C<""

! !'$ :.&39.&(&5.,3)$ <&39.&6,34" #=.7;" &4" G*&0&J*%70" K.+.7)%9" >.%'*&25"

?@A6<""

! !'$2,/(+&$ 2&+&6,34"#=.7;"&4"$%&'&()*+,">.%'*&25"L97,,&(72."A)&/*2%*70"

M&()*+,"344*%.<"

! !"##$<"5.&5,3)$ 2,15,35&=0;+" #6;,*2*+')7'*&25" L97,,&(72."A)&/*2%*70"

M&()*+,"344*%.<""

! !"##$>&(&6&3."#@7)H.'*2J5"L97,,&(72."A)&/*2%*70"M&()*+,"344*%.<""

! !'$ ?,$ -,34#&6&3." #$%&'&()*+," >.%'*&2" +'744" ,.,:.)5" N7H7*" -*+')*%'"M&()*+,"344*%.<""

! O"/*007J.)+"4)&,"G72"G&(7,7%

%

$

@)#/(9#$

"

&'"()"*%#((+,-.%

%600").%&);+"7)."1).+.2'.;"&2"P*J()."QR"

%!&=&A/)$#5$B!"#"#"$%&&C$

$

@7%7S(.+"T.).";.'.%'.;"4)&,"'9.*)"%700+"&2"'T&";*44.).2'"&%%7+*&2+R"32"'9."U '9"

V72(7)C"7'"WQ9WO"#WXY"QZ["OUR\U]^"N"W_`Y"WU["ZR_QQ^"$<"7'"X\_","7R+R0R"72;"&2"'9."

X'9"V72(7)C"7'"W`9QO"#WXY"`_["O`RU_Z^"N"W_`Y"W]["W]RZOO^"$<"7'"]UU","7R+R0R"G&'9"

'*,.5"'9."72*,70+"T.)."2&'"+..2"%0.7)0C".2&(J9"'&"*;.2'*4C"'9."+1.%*.+R"

"

@7%7S(.+":&2.+"72;"0&T.)"a7T"T.)."4&(2;"*2"7"9(2'.)"%7,1"#%R4R"P*J()."O<"

"



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%$&'(!)*!+,-(.!/$-!0,'12!31!4'15(.!%$6*7!

!

)&*+,-./0&*'*1$2'3!"#$%&'()*+,-$,./4'

'

81(!9.,'*!,0!.(2:)4$1;(2!2,'%)!-$)!<.3(0+=!)3945(2!0+((319!,1!54(!>54

!?$1'$.=!$5!@A4@B!C@>D!EFG!BB7A>BH!I!@JBD!@>G!KL7FAKH!MN!$5!FJF!6!$7)7+7!$+,19!$!5.$3+7!

!

81!54(!O54!?$1'$.=!$!2,'%!);31!-$)!0,'12!,1!$!.,%;=!+$127!P++!54(!<,1()Q!4($2!$12!

5$3+)!-(.(!9,1(!C%707!R39'.(!AN7!S,'%!<,1()!$.(!5.$2353,1$++=!')(2!0,.!6(23%31(!,.!

5,!6$;(!9+'(!31!T3(51$6!$12!U431$Q!-43%4!63945!4$V(!<((1!54(!*'.*,)(!,0!543)!

4'15(2! )*(%36(17! W$3.!$12! );31! )$6*+()!-(.(! %,++(%5(2! $12! $.(! <(319!;(*5!$5!

X#YP!,003%(!0,.!*,5(153$+!0'5'.(!SIP!$1$+=)3)7!



!"#$%&'()'!"#$%&'()"#*#+,-*%).(*/+,(#*+(*'*!+-)0*1'(#*#,!.(2*3&"*4$#'0*%,!5"0*3+,!'

'

'

*+$,-&%.'/-",&'0-&&1&2'#"33+.'4!"#$%&'%(%)*) 5'

'

6.77+(%*8"!"*&"'!#*+(10*+("*9+!(.(2*'3*:&;<*/!+9*='9>*?*@=?*+(*A.2,!"*BCD*

E&"* -'11* -'9"* /!+9* /'!* '8'0* @F;)9CD* E&"* -'11* -'9"* /!+9* 3&"* #.!"-3.+(* G+!3&*

@7"'!.(2*B:HICD*

''

'

!

"#$%&'(!

!

E&"*3&!"'3%*"(-+,(3"!"#*+5"!*3&"*%,!5"0*3!.>*8"!"*>+'-&"!%J*+("*&,(3"!*-'9>J*

38+*%('!"*1.("%J*'(#*3&"*#+,-*%).(J*"5.#"(-"*+/*&,(3.(2*+/*3&"*%>"-."%*.(*3&"*'!"'D*

E&!"'3*!"-+!#%*'!"*>!"%"(3"#*+(*A.2,!"*4)!*



!"# $%&# '$%# ()"*)+,-# "&.$# $/# $%&# 0/*1# 234"-# )# 5+/*6# /7# 8# 9)/# 6&/6:&# $+);&::4"5#

$%+/*5%# $%&# <=># $/# 4::&5)::,# 1/::&1$# $+&&# +&24"# ?&+&# &"1/*"$&+&0@# !"&# /7# $%&#

6&/6:&#?)2#)+A&0@#

#!"# $%&# B$%# ()"*)+,-# /"&# %)2$4:,# )C)"0/"&0# %*"$&+# 1)A6# ?)2# 2&&"@# 9)/#

4"21+46$4/"2#/"#)#$+&&#2*55&2$2#$%&#1)A6#?)2#/11*64&0#C,#9)/#;4::)5&+2@#D&;&+):#

)"4A):#+&A)4"2#?&+&#7/*"0#)$#$%&#1)A6E##

F C/.#$*+$:&#2%&::#

F 2")3&#C/"&2#

F >24)"#6/+1*64"&#264"&#

F

24:;&+#6%&)2)"$#7&)$%&+#F A/"4$/+&0#:4G)+0#234"#

F 26/$$&0#:4"2)"5H2#$)4:#

F /$%&+#C4+0##

F 7&)$%&+2#

F A)1)I*&#C/"&2#

9/52#7+/A#%45%#;):*&0#+/2&#?//0#):2/#?&+&#4"#$%&#1)A6#

!$%&+#4$&A2#:&7$#C,#%*"$&+2#)$#$%&#1)A6#4"1:*0&0E#

F ?4+&J+/6&#2")+&2#KB#?4+&2-#L#+/6&2M#N#)::#?&+&#C*+"$#/"#24$&#

F %)"0A)0&#$+)664"5#0&;41&#

F +477:&#C*$$2#

F A)1%&$&2#

F O%)4"#7+/A#1%)4"2)?#

F %/A&#6%/"&#

F 1//34"5#)"0#2:&&64"5#&I*46A&"$-#1:/$%4"5-#7//0@#

#

D")+&2#:4"&2#?&+&#&"1/*"$&+&0#/"#$?/#0477&+&"$#/11)24/"2@#P/$%#?&+&#7+/A#)"#/:0#

2&$# *6# KC*2%# )"0# C+)"1%&2# 7&"1&# QR# ,&)+2# /:0M# C*$# $%&# $+)62# ?&+&# ):A/2$# )::#

)1$4;&@#S%&#A)$&+4):#*2&0#?)2#$%413#?4+&#1)C:&#)"0J/+#+/6&#)"0J/+#")$*+):#;4"&2#

K1@7@#T45*+&#8M@#># $/$):#/7#RL#2")+&2#?&+&#1/::&1$&0#)"0#C*+"$#/"#24$&@#</#)"4A):#

+&A)4"2#?&+&#7/*"0#4"#2")+&2@#

#



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%&'#!()*$+!%,)$-!%!#$%&'!,.$'!/%+'!)*0!)(!1.&'!2%3,'#!%$+4)&!&)5'6!

!



!!"#$%&' (!" #$%&%$'(" &()(*)$+," -,&" )./(-)0" (,*+1,)(/(&" -,&" *-230" 456" 7" 589"

(0)-:%$0.(&"&1/$,;").("<=&->"01/?(>")/$3"!!!!!

[!

$+

$+

kj

D

D

GFHouay Sanap

Houay Tong

Ban Makfueng

Nam Theun

!"

!"

C1

C2

VIETNAM

LAOS

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Water

Ban Makfueng

GF Douc skin

D Snare lines

kj Hunter camp

$+ Macaque sp detection

[! Douc sighting

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

±



!"#$%##"&'()"*+(,"--./01#(21&3(4.'(5.62%0'/(

(

!"#$%##"&'()"*+(,"--./01#(21&3(4.'(5.62%0'7(*&&6(8-.$0(&'(*+0(0,0'"'/(&2(*+0(9*+(

:.'%.1;<( =0,0'(0-701(80&8-0( 8.1*"$"8.*07( >?(3.-0#( .'7( &'0( 203.-0@<( A'*01,"0)(

B%0#*"&'#( .10( 810#0'*07( "'( C880'7"D( A<( 51<( E+.'*+.-.8+&'0( .'7( 51<(

F+&%6+.&6+.3(+0-807()"*+(*+0(*1.'#-.*"&'<(

(

F0&8-0( 108&1*07( /&"'/( "'( 2&10#*#( .--( .1&%'7( *+0( ,"--./0( *&( $&--0$*( 2&&7<( A'( *+0(

2&10#*(*+0;(,"#"*G(*+0;(108&1*07(*+0(810#0'$0(&2(*)&(#80$"0#(&2(#-&)(-&1"#0#G(*)&(

#80$"0#(&2(3.$.B%0#(>1+0#%#(3.$.B%0(H(-"'/(70'/(H(.'7(C##.30#0(3.$.B%0(H(-"'/(

8&3(90'/@G(&'0(#80$"0#(&2(/"II&'(>*.'00@(.'7(7&%$#(>6+.70'/@(

(

J+0;(%#%.--;(#*.;( "'(*+0(2&10#*( 2&1(.I&%*(#"D(7.;#G(/0'01.--;(0,01;(*)&(3&'*+#G((

.1&%'7(?63(.).;(21&3(*+0(,"--./0<(J+0;(#*.1*(/&"'/( "'(*+0(2&10#*("'(.,01./0(.*(

*+0(./0(KL<(

(

J+0;(108&1*(+.,"'/(&I#01,07(.(70$10.#0(&2(0-08+.'*G(I0.1(.'7(7001(8&8%-.*"&'#(

)+"$+(*+0;(#.;(*+0;(+.,0(0#$.807(21&3(*+0(.10.<(J+0;(108&1*07(.'("'$10.#0(&2(

)"-78"/G(7&%$G(3.$.B%0(.'7( /"II&'( 8&8%-.*"&'#(7%0( *&( *+0"1(#*1&'/01(I0-"02( "'(

4%77+"#3(10-"/"&'M(*+0;(7&('&*().'*(*&(0.*()"-7-"20(.';3&10<(

(

N+0'(.#607(.I&%*( *+0(30.'"'/(&2(O.*"&'.-(F1&*0$*07( C10.( *&( *+03G(*+0;( #."7(

*+.*( "*( "#( .'( "38&1*.'*( #%88-;( &2( ).*01( .'( )"-7-"20( I%*( "*( "#( $&''0$*07( *&( *+0(

P"0*'.3(I&1701(#&("*('007#(*&(I0()0--(81&*0$*07<(

(

="'$0(*+0(#*.*%#($+.'/0(&2(OOJ(.#(.(F1&*0$*07(C10.G($+.'/0#(30'*"&'07()010(*+0(

810#0'$0(&2('&)(*+0(>K@(10#01,&"1(.'7(>Q@(*+0(70$10.#0("'(#+"2*"'/($%-*",.*"&'M(*+0(

-.**01(7%0(*&("'$10.#0(&2(*1.7"'/("'(O.6."(7"#*1"$*()"*+(.(3%$+(0.#"01(.$$0##(,".(

*+0(10#01,&"1<(402&10(*+0(0D"#*0'$0(&2(*+0(10#01,&"1G(*1.70().#(3.70(3%$+(3&10(

)"*+(P"0*'.30#0(80&8-0()"*+"'(*+0(OFC<(

(



!"#$%&'(#)%&*+,-%-"#%.+/(%+0%!123%4$%-"#%&/#&5%-"#%4$-#/64#.##'%7#$-4+$#)%

89:% -"#% -/&;('% *#-.##$% -"#% )400#/#$-% 64<<&=#'% 4$% -"#% &/#&5%8>:% -"#% /4;#% 6&/4#-4#'%

?/+64)#)%-+%47?/+6#%&=/4;,<-,/#%"&/6#'-'5%8@:%-"#%.&-#/%?4?#'5%8A:%)+7#'-4;&-#)%

&$47&<%0,$)%0+/%=+&-'5%;+.'5%;"4;(#$5%?4=B%%

C"#%;"&$=#'%+0%/,<#'%?+4$-#)%+,-%*D%-"#%64<<&=#/'%'4$;#%-"#%#'-&*<4'"7#$-%+0%EEC%

&'%&%E23%.#/#%89:%-"#%64<<&=#%?+<4;#%."4;"%4'%$+.%7+/#%?#&;#0,<%-"&$%4$%-"#%?&'-5%

8>:%$+.%+$<D%.4<)?4='%&$)%)##/'%&/#%",$-#)%0+/%0++)%4$%-"#%0+/#'-%.4-"%'$&/#'%

%

!"#$%&'(#)%40%-"#D% 0#<-%&$47&<'%&$)% -/##'%.#/#%-"/#&-#$#)5%-"#D%'&4)%-"#D% 0#<-%

?4-D%40%?#+?<#%-&(#%/#'+,/;#'%0/+7%-"#4/%0+/#'-5%0+/%#F#7?<#5%40%-"#/#%&/#%$+%-/##'%&$D7+/#5%64<<&=#/'%;&$$+-%*,4<-%"+,'#'G%-"#/#%&/#%/,<#'%0/+7%)4'-/4;-%0+/%$+-%-+%;,-%

-/##'%4$%-"#%0+/#'-%H+,-'4)#%0+/#'-%,'#%I%$+-#%0/+7%JJKB%

%

C+% =#-% ?#+?<#% 7+/#% 4$6+<6#)% 4$% ;+$'#/6&-4+$5% -"#% 64<<&=#/'% -&<(#)% &*+,-% 89:%

&.&/#$#''%+0%D+,$=%;"4<)/#$%&$)%8>:%-"#%L4<<&=#%J+$'#/6&-4+$%1+$4-+/4$=%M$4-%

8LJ1M:% /,<#'%-"&-%$##)%-+%*#%0+<<+.#)N% #FB% O0%?#+?<#%&/#% 4<<#=&<<D% ;,--4$=%-/##'5%

-"#D%&/#%.&/$#)%-"#%04/'-%-47#5%&$)%04$#)%-"#%'#;+$)%-47#B%C"#%4$-#/64#.##'%'&4)%

-"&-%-"#D%.+,<)%<4(#%-+%"&6#%7+/#%?#+?<#%4$6+<6#)%4$%;+$'#/6&-4+$%&;-464-4#'%&$)%

?#+?<#%'"+,<)%0+<<+.%7+/#%-"#%/,<#'5%7+/#%<&.%#$0+/;#7#$-%.+,<)%*#%$##)#)B%

%

P,-'4)#/'%0/+7%E&(&4%)4'-/4;-%'-&/-#)%;+74$=%&*+,-%@%D#&/'%&=+%-+%-"#%64<<&=#%0+/%

-/&)4$=B% Q#0+/#% -"&-% 8&*+,-% R% D#&/'% &=+:5% +,-'4)#/'% .#/#% 7+'-<D% L4#-$&7#'#%

?#+?<#%."+%;&7#%-+%*,D%.++)%0/+7%-"#7B%E+.%?#+?<#%0/+7%E&(&4%;+7#%-+%-"#%

64<<&=#%-+%",$-%4$%-"#%0+/#'-%&$)%;+<<#;-%.++)%.4-"%?#+?<#%0/+7%-"#%64<<&=#B%

%

S#'?+$)#$-'%'&4)%-"#D%)+%$+-%*,D%0/+7%+,-'4)#/'5%+,-'4)#/'%"+.#6#/%*,D%0++)%

&$)%*##/%0/+7%-"#%64<<&=#B%!"#$%-"#D%;+7#%*&;(%0/+7%-"#%0+/#'-%.4-"%.4<)<40#%&$)%

.++)%;+<<#;-#)5%-"#%+,-'4)#/'%-&(#%#6#/D-"4$=%*&;(%-+%E&(&4%-+%'#<<%4-G%-"#%7+$#D%

=#$#/&-#)%4'%-"#$%'"&/#)%.4-"%?#+?<#%0/+7%-"#%64<<&=#%."+%"#<?#)%-"#7B%

%

%

%



!"#$%%"&'()*$&+,

!

" -$&).$/,$0,*//"1(/,"&).2,*&,)3",456,$0,7*//(1".+,0.$%,)3",8".*83".2,$0,)3", ."+".7$*., (&', /(9, "&0$.#"%"&):! #$%&'! &$()*+! ,-%! $%'%$.(/$! &$%!

0(',12! ,-$%&,%*%+! 32! 4&(! ./11&5%$'! 5(/*5! (),'/+%! +%1/0/,%+! 6($%',! )'%!

7(*%'8! 9-%! %&'2! &::%''! ,(! ,-%! 6($%',! ;/,-! ,-%! $%'%$.(/$! -&'%! 5$%&,12!

/*:$%&'%+! <$%'')$%! (*! ;/1+1/6%! &*+! 6($%',8! =/11&5%$'! 6$(0! ,-%! >?#!

<%$/<-%$2!'%%0'!,(!/11%5&112!%*,%$!,-%!>?#!,(!/11%5&112!-)*,!&*+!1(58!9-%!

0(.%0%*,!(6!./11&5%$'!6$(0!&$()*+!,-%!$%'%$.(/$@!&,!,-%!<%$/<-%$2!(6!,-%!

>?#!'-()1+!3%!0($%!:1('%12!$%5)1&,%+!&*+!:(*,$(11%+!&*+!1&;!%*6($:%+8!

!

" ;'<#()*$&=,(9(."&"++,.(*+*&1,7*(,'"7"/$8%"&),$0,(&,(#)*$&,8/(&,9*)3,(++*+)(&#", 0.$%, )"#3&*#(/, ('7*+$.:! A+):&,/(*! '-()1+! 3%! &! B%2!

:(0<(*%*,!6($!;/1+1/6%!:(*'%$.&,/(*!/*!>>9!>?#8!#;&$%*%''!$&/'/*5!/*!&11!

./11&5%'!/*!,-%!>?#!*%%+'!,(!3%!<1&**%+8!#*!%+):&,/(*!&:,/(*!<1&*!6($!,-%!

&$%&!;/,-!.&$/()'!&:,/./,/%'!$%&:-/*5!&+)1,'!&*+!:-/1+$%*!/*!':-((1'!'-()1+!

3%! &! <$/($/,2! &*+! 1%+! 32! ,-%! C(00)*/,2! D),$%&:-! &*+! C(*'%$.&,/*!

#;&$%*%''! E%:,/(*! FCDC#G8! #! 9%:-*/:&1! #''/',&*,! '-()1+! 3%!-/$%+! 6($! &!

'-($,!,%$0!,(!+%.%1(<!0&,%$/&1!&*+!&:,/./,/%'!,(!3%!)'%+!&*+!/0<1%0%*,%+!

,-()5-(),!,-%!>?#H!,-/'!;()1+!&1'(!0(,/.&,%!CDC#!',&66!;-(!-&'!%*()5-!

$%'()$:%'! ,(! +(! '):-! <1&*'! 3),! +(%'! *(,! ,&B%! %*()5-! &:,/(*'8! I&,%$/&1!

'-()1+! ,&B%! ,-%! 6($0! (6! :-/1+$%*! 3((B'@! <(',%$'@! ',/:B%$'@! ,"'-/$,'! &*+!

(,-%$!&<<$(<$/&,%!/*,%$&:,/.%!&:,/./,/%'!;/,-!:-/1+$%*!&*+!&+)1,'!'-()1+!3%!

+%'/5*%+8!

!

" 9-%! ,;(! &3(.%! $%:(00%*+&,/(*'! ;()1+! *%%+! ,(! 3%! &++$%''%+! 3%6($%!

',&$,/*5!&*2!%:(,()$/'0!&:,/./,/%'!/*!,-%!&$%&8!



!"#$%!&$'()*+!$',*+!-.#!/$%!".#0*!-,!1#$2.!1#3#$12.!3)-#4!5!6$%)''#!6,071$-!89:8!

!

!

;<=>;"!?;>@!?A<BC!";A=!">!!""#$%&'(%)*#!&%'$#'+%&','-%.-/)$-0)D!/EFEA!/E@!

"G<H/!/E"A>/EB!=;>"<6"<C!E;<ED!BE>!=C;4!!

!

!

::-.!>2-,I#1!-,!8J17!K$*0$1L!89:8!

!

!6$%)''#!6,071$-!



!"#$%&'(#)%"!!"#$%!&'()*+,-!.+/'.-%!',!-#+!%$0-#!1$+2&!-.$/!$,!3454$634*!"#+),!34-$',42!

7.'-+(-+&! 8.+4! 933"! 378:;! <4'! 7=>!?#$(#! $%! ),&+.! -#+! 4)-#'.$-@! '1! -#+!

A4-+.%#+&!B4,4C+*+,-!7.'-+(-$',!8)-#'.$-@!9AB78:D!"#+!.+%+4.(#!$%!/4.-!

'1!*@!7#=!/.'E+(-!4-!F01'.&!G.''5+%!H,$I+.%$-@!),&+.!-#+!%)/+.I$%$',!'1!=.D!

3+54.$%!4,&!=.D!3$E*4,D!"#+!.+%+4.(#!1'()%+%!',!&$).,42!/.$*4-+%;!#'.,J$22%!

4,&! J24(56C$4,-!%K)$..+2%! $,!%+I+.42! 4.+4%!?$-#$,!33"!378L! 42',C! %$&+! -#+!

%).I+@;!-#.+4-%!4,&!I+C+-4-$',!&4-4!4.+!.+('.&+&!4-!+4(#!%$-+D!"#+!.+%)2-%!?$22!

422'?!$*/.'I$,C!*4,4C+*+,-!%-.4-+C$+%!'1!-#+!378D!

!

M'!14.;!%$0!%$-+%!#4I+!J++,!I$%$-+&N!*+,!34*!O#4+!934I4,C!(2)%-+.:;! *-,.G4,!

P+)5;! */,! G4,! B454! Q4,C;! *0,! "',C! P+-! 8.+4%! 9"+),C! (2)%-+.:;! *1,! G4,!

34*)4,C! 4.+4! 9Q#4*5#+)-! &$%-.$(-:;! *2,! 34*!F,! 4.+4D! "#$%! 24%-! -.$/! ?4%!

(',&)(-+&! $,! 3454$! &$%-.$(-! $,! -#+! )//+.! 34*! "#+),! 4.+4;! (2'%+! -'! -#+!

R,-+.,4-$',42!S$+-,4*+%+!J'.&+.D!

.

34#5%&6..!"#"$%&'(#)*"(

!"#+!H//+.!34*!"#+),!4.+4!$%!2'(4-+&!?$-#$,!3454$!&$%-.$(-;!$,!-#+!,'.-#+4%-!

'1!-#+!378!9TU!',!V$C).+!W:D!"#+!.+%+4.(#!%$-+!?4%!4((+%%+&!-.4I+22$,C!1.'*!

G4,!F)&'*%')5!9AB78!X+4&K)4.-+.:;!)/!-#+!34*!9Y.$I+.:!"#+),!J@!J'4-!

4,&!?425$,C!1.'*!-#+!34*!"#+),!/4-.'2!%)J%-4-$',!-'!-#+!34*!9Y.$I+.:!Q'D!

>+%+4.(#!%$-+!?$-#!-.4,%+(-%!$%!/.+%+,-+&!',!V$C).+!ZD!

!



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%$&!#$'!()*+,!#$-&.,$/!01.-*2-*3!41*$!$,3!3*/&'&-$-&.,!.5!6-1$-*7&2!

8.,*6!9&-)&,!-)*!41*$!:;<=04>!

!



!!"#$%&'("!#$%&'($)!$*!'+,!-,.,&-%+!.(',!()!'+,!/00,-!1&2!3+,/)!&-,&!4('+!-,0-,.,)'&'($)!$*!'-&).,%'.!4&56,78!9(55&:,.!9(.(',7!&)7!'+,!/00,-!1&2!3+,/)!0&'-$5!

./;.'&'($)<!!!!!!!!

!

Nam Xot

Nam Mon

Nam Theun

Nam Noy

Nam On

VIETNAM

LAOS

Villages

! Patrol substation

Line transects

±

0 6 12 18 24 303km

© Camille Coudrat

Ban Vangjang

Ban Korbong



!

"#$%&%$%'(!

!"#$%&!#'($)$($*+!,-!(.*!+(/0&!1*2$,0!#2*!0*+'2$3*0!$4!5#3%*!67!

!!"#$%&'8!"*+'2$1($,4!,-!(.*!#'($)$($*+!!

(")%*& +,)-.-)/& (%*,0-1)-23&

66!9#4/#2&!:;6:! <#4!=/0,>+,/?!@ABCD!E*#0F/#2(*2+G!(,!<#4!

H,23,4I!3&!3,#(!!

J <,#(!2$0*!KL.2+!J B**($4I!M$(.!<#4!H,23,4IN+!'.$*-!

(,!$4-,2>!#3,/(!(.*!12,O*'(!#40!.$2*!P!)$%%#I*2+!(,!O,$4!(.*!(*#>!

J =4*!4$I.(!+1*4(!$4!<#4!H,23,4I!

6:!9#4/#2&!:;6:! <#4!H,23,4I!(,!ABCDN+!C#(2,%!Q/3+(#($,4!$4!

R11*2!S#>!5.*/4!

J <,#(!2$0*!M$(.!*T1*2$>*4(*0!02$)*2!-2,>!<7!H,23,4I!K!L.2+!

J =4*!4$I.(!+1*4(!#(!(.*!+/3+(#($,4!6P!9#4/#2&!:;6:! C#(2,%!Q/3+(#($,4!(,!#!

U+(,1!,)*2!4$I.(!'#>1N!!J K!V!.,/2+!M#%?!(,!2*#'.!#!-$2+(!

U+(,1!'#>1N!

6L!9#4/#2&!:;6:! U+(,1!'#>1N!(,!WDBC6! J K!V!.,/2+!M#%?!(,!2*#'.!WDBC6!6X!9#4/#2&!:;6:! 52#4+*'(+!6!Y!:!@A#%?!6G! J 5*#>!,-!L!

6Z!9#4/#2&!:;6:! 52#4+*'(+!P!Y!L!@A#%?!6G! J 5*#>!,-!P!

6[!9#4/#2&!:;6:! 52#4+*'(+!6!Y!:!@A#%?!:G! J 5*#>!,-!P!6V!9#4/#2&!:;6:! 52#4+*'(+!P!Y!L!@A#%?!:G! J 5*#>!,-!P!

6\!9#4/#2&!:;6:! 52#4+*'(+!6!Y!:!@A#%?!PG! J 5*#>!,-!P!:;!9#4/#2&!:;6:! S,!-$*%0!M,2?!0/*!(,!2#$4! !

:6!9#4/#2&!:;6:! 52#4+*'(+!P!Y!L!@A#%?!PG! J 5*#>!,-!P!

::!9#4/#2&!:;6:! U+(,1!'#>1N!](,!WDBC:^!(,!Q/3+(#($,4!

]-$*%0!M,2?!$4(*22/1(*0^!

J D-(*2!#22$)$4I!#(!WDBC:!M.*2*!Z!>,2*!(2#4+*'(+!M*2*!1%#44*0_!

>*++*4I*2+!'#>*!(,!%,,?!-,2!/+!(,!

0*%$)*2!#!%*((*2!(,!B27!W.#4(.#%#1.,4*!#+?$4I!.$>!(,!I,!

3#'?!(,!ABCD!,--$'*!#+!+,,4!#+!1,++$3%*!-,2!#4!$>1,2(#4(!>#((*2!

#(!(.*!,--$'*`!-$*%0!M,2?!(.*2*-,2*!

',/%0!4,(!3*!-$4$+.*07!J K!Z.2+!M#%?!3#'?!-2,>!WDBC:!(,!

+/3+(#($,4!!J =4*!4$I.(!+1*4(!#(!(.*!+/3+(#($,4!:P!9#4/#2&!:;6:! Q/3+(#($,4!(,!<#4!

=/0,>+,/?!@ABCD!.*#0F/#2(*2+G!

J a$2+(!3,#(!@M$(.!3,#(!02$)*2!-2,>!

<7!H,23,4IG!-2,>!Q/3+(#($,4!(,!<#4!H,23,4I!#40!+*',40!3,#(!

@M$(.!ABCDN+!3,#(!02$)*2G!-2,>!

<7!H,23,4I!(,!<7!=/0,>+,/?!

!

!

!

!!



!"#$%%

! !"##$%&'"(()$%*+,-&. "#$%&'(&$)*"&'+,-.&/).0%1"

! !-/$%0&1.&(&20*1)$3&1.0&4*15"#2,)3"04"5&03&+,%-&.6"7,-,)%(8"9,(.&0':"

;<=>1"

! ?"+&**)/,%-"4%0@"5)'"A0%B0'/"#C80"8)3"',+,%"B,,'".0".8,")%,)"+&-&.,31"

"

D'")33&.&0'".0".8,"C&*3*&4,"-E%+,6".,)@:")".,)@"4%0@".8,"=)-.,E%"D'-.&.E.,"04"

F)0-"G0&',3".8,"/%0E$"40%")"4,C"3)6-"40%")"$%0G,(."0'"3&-,)-,".%)'-@&--&0'"

B,.C,,'" &'-,(.-:" )'3" $%&@).,-" #8E@)'-" )'3" '0'!8E@)'-1" &'" H)I)&" H)@"

J8,E'K" J8,6" )&@,3" .0" (0**,(." @0-LE&.0" *)%+)," )'3" .&(I-" 40%" *).,%"

&3,'.&4&().&0'" 04" -$,(&,-" )'3" (8,(I" 40%" $%,-,'(," 04" +&%E-MB)(.,%&)" &'" .8,"

-)@$*," (0**,(.,3").".8,"=)-.,E%" D'-.&.E.," *)B" &'"N&,'.&)',K"J8&-"C)-" .8," 4&-."

4&,*3".%&$"&'"%,@0.,")%,)"04"HHJ"40%".8&-"$%0G,(.O".8,"=)-.,E%"D'-.&.E.,".,)@"

&'.,'3-".0"G0&'"4E.E%,"4&,*3".%&$-".0"(0**,(."@0%,"-)@$*,-"&'"3&44,%,'.")%,)-"04"

.8,"H=>P"

! <%K"A8)@-&'/"N0'/$8)6*0.8"#=)-.,E%"D'-.&.E.,"04"F)0-1"

! <%K"Q06"R8)'.8)*)'/-6"#H)I)&"3&-.%&(.S-"20-$&.)*1"

! T"+&**)/,%-"4%0@"5)'"N)'/G)'/""

"

!&#'(")*%+#,-(%

%>" .0.)*" 04" 40E%" .%)'-,(.-" C,%," C)*I,3:" ,)(8" C)-" C)*I,3" .8%,," .&@,-K" J8,"

0%&/&')*" UV" .%)'-,(.-" $*)'',3" (0E*3" '0." B," C)*I,3" 3E," .0" <%K"

R8)'.8)*0$80',S-"C0%I"%,*).,3"&@$,%).&+,-K"

"

.,"#("%&"/"&%*0%1&"2304(%&"10&*(%/0&%$0&"%5"*#3,(%0'%*&#'(")*%+#,-%$"*605(7%

%

8"9"*#*30'%5#*#%%

.,"#("%&"/"&%*0%1&"2304(%&"10&*(%/0&%5"*#3,(%0'%2"9"*#*30'%5#*#%$"*605(7%

%

:")0&5%0/%*6&"#*(%

%.,"#("%&"/"&%*0%1&"2304(%&"10&*(%/0&%5"*#3,(%*6&"#*%&")0&5(%$"*605(7%%



!"#$%&#'!

!"#$%#&'($$)*+,'

!"##! $%&'$()! '*! )+%&,%)! '-%$! ./%! ).0(1! +%$,'(! 2.$34)%&.)! 53#6! 34(! './%$!

'++'$.04,).,&! '&&3),'4)7! 3$%! +$%)%4.%(! /%$%8! 9+%&,%)! (%.%&.,'4)! 3$%!

$%+$%)%4.%(! '4!:,;0$%! <! 2=3&3>0%)7?!:,;0$%! @! 2('0&)7?!:,;0$%!A! 2;,BB'4)7?!

:,;0$%!C!2B#3&6D;,34.!)>0,$$%#)7!34(!:,;0$%!E!2/'$4B,##)78!!

'

()*)+$"'#,!"#$%$%$!&''(!!

F3&3>0%! )+%&,%)!5%$%! $%&'$(%(!'4! ./$%%!(,**%$%4.! '&&3),'4)8! G4&%! (0$,4;!

.$34)%&.! 53#6! 34(! .5,&%! (0$,4;! .$3-%#! 53#6! .'! $%3&/! &3=+),.%8! G4! ./%! H@!

I3403$1!=3&3>0%)!5%$%!(%.%&.%(!.5,&%!2HJK!@L!AM8M<MN!O!HMAK!PJL!<J8@<JN!Q!

34(! HJK! AL! <H8PJ<N! O! HMAK! PRL! <C8<JJN! Q7! B1! ./%,$! &3##)! 5/,#%! .$3-%#,4;!

./$'0;/!./%!*'$%).!.'!$%3&/!S3=+H!3.!HH/H@?!HHMA!=!38)8#!34(!H@/@@?!HMMP!=!

38)8#?! $%)+%&.,-%#18!O'! &#%3$!),;/.,4;! '*! ./%! )+%&,%)! '&&0$$%(! .'! ,(%4.,*1! ./%!

)+%&,%)8!

!

G4!./%!HA!I3403$1?!'4%!=3&3>0%!&3##!53)!/%3$(!3#'4;!./%!T$34)%&.!P!2HJK!CL!

PJ8MM@N!O!HMAK!PRL!AC8HEMN!Q7!3.!H@/PM?!HMEC!=!38)8#8!T/%!)+%&,%)!&'0#(!4'.!

B%!,(%4.,*,%(!(0%!.'!#3&6!'*!-,),B,#,.18!

'

'



!"#$%&'()'!"#"$#%&'()$*++,-(&.(/*$*01"(,2"$%",(314%'5(#4*',"$#(6*+7,()%'$+13%'5(

#8"(9(4"2"*#,(&.("*$8(#4*',"$#-(*'3(&#8"4(*$#%:%#%",(%'(122"4(;*/(<8"1'(4","*4$8(

,%#"='

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

''

$+

$+

$+

Nam Theun

Nam Ko

105°34'E105°33'E105°32'E105°31'E105°30'E105°29'E105°28'E

18°7'30"N

18°7'N

18°6'30"N

18°6'N

18°5'30"N

18°5'N

18°4'30"N

18°4'N

18°3'30"N

18°3'N

18°2'30"N

VIETNAM

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Water

Line transects

$+ Macaque sp detections

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

±



!"#$%&'()"#*#+,-*.!"#$%&'()*+,-$,.//!

"#$%&'()*#$!$+,-&!.#/#!&01'2#$!+)!3!$044#/#)2!+--(&0+)&5!2'#/#4+/#!2'#!6+&2!

&01'2#$!$0,/)(7!8/06(2#!&8#-0#&!$,/0)1! 2'#!&2,$9:!;'/##! &01'20)1&!+--,//#$!

$,/0)1! 2/()&#-2! .(7*&! ()$! 2.+! $,/0)1! 2/(<#7! 2'/+,1'! 2'#! 4+/#&2! 2+! /#(-'!=(68>:!!

!

?)!2'#!>@!A(),(/9!(2!B'3@5!(!1/+,8!+4!$+,-&!.(&!$#2#-2#$!C>DE!@F!>3:BD>G!H!

>I3E!JDF!JK:3JLG!MN!O>!+)!P01:!@Q!(2!>>I3!6!(:&:7:!(7+)1!(!6+,)2(0)!/0$1#!R!

(7&+!,&#$!(&!2/(07!6($#!S9!8+(-'#/&!R!.(7*#$!2+!/#(-'!+,/!/#&#(/-'!&02#:!T!

4#.!60),2#&!7(2#/5!(2!>I'>K5!(!8/#&,6(S79!$044#/#)2!1/+,8!C$,#!2+!+88+&02#!

7+-(20+)Q!.(&!$#2#-2#$!(2!>>33!6!(:&:7:!+)!2'#!&(6#!/0$1#!C>DE!@F!KL:ULBG!H!>I3E!JDF!J3:@BUG!MN!OJQ:!

*

?)! 2'#! >L! A(),(/95! +)#! 1/+,8! .(&! &01'2#$! (7+)1! 2'#! ;/()&#-2! >! C>DE! UF!

@D:3DUG!H!>I3E!KIF!L:3>KG!M5!OKQ!(2!>>'JU5!>>KJ!6!(:&:7:!TS+,2!>I!0)$0<0$,(7&!

.#/#!-+,)2#$:!;'#!()06(7&!'0$!0)!2'#!-()+89!(S+<#!,&!4+/!(!4#.!60),2#&!CV3!

60)&Q!S#4+/#!47##0)1:!W(2#/! +)!2'#! &(6#!$(95!8/+S(S79!2'#!&(6#!1/+,8!.(&!

&01'2#$!(7+)1!2'#!;/()&#-2!J!C$,#!2+!$0/#-20+)!2'#!40/&2!1/+,8!&01'2#$!47#$!2+Q!

C>DE!UF!KI:K>JG!H!>I3E!JBF!3U:KBKG!M5!O@Q!(2!>J'335!>>I3!6!(:&:7:!?)#!X,<#)07#!

+)!'#/!6+2'#/Y&!S#779!.(&!&01'2#$N!1/+,8!&0Z#!.(&!)+2!8+&&0S7#!2+!#&206(2#:!

!

?)! 2'#!JI! A(),(/95! (!1/+,8!.(&! &01'2#$! (2! (S+,2! 2'#! &(6#! 7+-(20+)! +4! 2'#!

1/+,8! &01'2#$! +)! ;/()&#-2! >! C>DE! UF! @L:3KDG! H! >I3E! KIF! U:B>3G! M5! O3Q! (2!

>>'>35!>>JJ!6!(:&:7:!&,11#&20)1!02!.(&!8/+S(S79!2'#!&(6#!1/+,8!8/#<0+,&79!

&01'2#$:!TS+,2!>J!0)$0<0$,(7&!.#/#!-+,)2#$:!

!

;'#!40<#!$044#/#)2!&01'20)1&!+<#/!2'#!&2,$9!8#/0+$!(/#!#&206(2#$!2+!S#!4/+6!

2'/##!$044#/#)2!1/+,8&:!!



!

"#$%&'!()!!"#"$#%&'()*%+,#%'+*-(&.(/&0$*(/01%'+(#12'*"$#(3245*()%'$40/%'+(#,"(

6(1"7"2#*(&.("2$,(#12'*"$#-(2'/(&#,"1(2$#%8%#%"*(%'(077"1(92:(;,"0'(1"*"21$,(

*%#"()'&#"<('0:="1*(%'/%$2#"(#,"($,1&'&4&+%$24(&1/"1(&.(#,"("'$&0'#"1*-!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

!!

[!

[!

[![![!3

1

2

4

5

Nam Theun

Nam Ko

105°34'E105°33'E105°32'E105°31'E105°30'E105°29'E105°28'E

18°7'30"N

18°7'N

18°6'30"N

18°6'N

18°5'30"N

18°5'N

18°4'30"N

18°4'N

18°3'30"N

18°3'N

18°2'30"N

VIETNAM

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Water

Line transects

[! Douc sightings

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

±



!"#$%&'()*%+$&,-%&&.&/)0+11"()2!"#$%&'%(%)*) 3)

!"##$%&'()*)'&"+,-).' $%'-($'."//)*)%-' $001&"$%&' 1%.',)1*.'$%23' /*$4'$%)'

0145&"-)6'

'7%'-,)'89':1%;1*3<'1'+*$;5'$/'-,*))'"%."=".;12&'>-($'#210?'412)&<'1.;2-'&"@)'

1%.'$%)'$*1%+)A"&,'/)412)'1.;2-'&"@)B'06/6'C21-)'8D'12$%+'-,)'E*1%&)0-'F'>8GH'IJ'

KL6GLMN'O'8MIH'FMJ'KM6KKIN'PD'1-'G,IM<'8MMQ'4'16&626'E,)'+*$;5'(1&'$#&)*=).'

"%'-*))&'%)R-'-$'1'*"=)*'$5)%"%+6'E,)'/)412)'(1&'$#&)*=).'/))."%+'>06/6'C21-)'

8D6'

'

7%'-,)'KM':1%;1*3<'+"##$%&'5*)&;4).'-$'#)'-,)'&14)'+*$;5'1&'1#$=)'()*)'&"+,-).'12$%+'-,)'E*1%&)0-'8'>8GH'IJ'IS6K8IN'O'8MIH'FMJ'8G6FQKN'PD<'1-'S,MM<'

88KF'4'16&626'T&'-,)'5*)="$;&'+*$;5<'-,*))'"%."=".;12&'()*)'&))%<'-($'#210?'

412)&' 1%.' $%)' $*1%+)' /)412)6' T' /)(' 4"%;-)&' 21-)*<' -,)' &14)' +*$;5' (1&'

&"+,-).'1+1"%'>%$-'*)5*)&)%-).'$%'-,)'415D'12$%+'-,)'-*1%&)0-B'7%)'412)'(1&'

02)1*23'$#&)*=).'("-,'(,"-)'0,))?&'0,1*10-)*"&-"0&'$/'-,)'!"#$%&%'&5)0")&6'E,)'

+*$;5'(1&' 21-)*',)1*.'&"%+"%+' 1-'S,QM6'E,)' 0122&'()*)' -,)' $%23'$%)' ,)1*.'

1*$;%.'-,"&'0145'$=)*'-,)'L'.13&'&5)%-'-,)*)6''

7%'-,)'KK':1%;1*3<'$%)'+*$;5'$/'+"##$%'(1&',)1*.'0122"%+'/*$4'1'U&-$5'0145V'

>8GH'FJ'8F6QFSN'O'8MIH'KLJ'IL6GLLN'PD'1-'9,8I<'"%'-,)'F9MH'O'."*)0-"$%'1-'$=)*'

8'?4'1(136'

'

W-' "&' )&-"41-).' -,1-' 122' .)-)0-"$%&' $=)*' -,)' &-;.3' 5)*"$.' "%=$2=).' -($'

."//)*)%-'+*$;5&6''

'

'

'

'

'

''



!

!"#$%&' ()' "#$#%$&'(! )*&+,$&(+*! -! %.//*0! '1! +&22'(*! 345&(+! $5.(*#%$! 6./7*!

)&(%/43&(+!$,#!8!5#9#.$*!'1!#.%,!$5.(*#%$0!.(3!'$,#5!.%$&:&$&#*!&(!499#5!;.<!

=,#4(!5#*#.5%,!*&$#>!

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

'

[!

[!

R

Nam Theun

Nam Ko

105°34'E105°33'E105°32'E105°31'E105°30'E105°29'E105°28'E

18°7'30"N

18°7'N

18°6'30"N

18°6'N

18°5'30"N

18°5'N

18°4'30"N

18°4'N

18°3'30"N

18°3'N

18°2'30"N

VIETNAM

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Water

Line transects

[! Gibbon sightings

R Gibbon call

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

±

360° N> 1km



!

"#$%&'()$*+!,-.)//0#!1!"#$%"&'()*+*, 2!

!"#$%& '(#)*& +,-(../"+&0/./&1/*/$*/1&2)& 33&1(44/./)*&2$$#+(2)+5&6('7*/1&)()/&

*(8/+&#)1&7/#.1&*0($/5&9/*/$*(2)+&2$$-../1&:/*0//)&;<=&#)1&3=>>&8&#5+5"5&

6('7*()'+&()?2"?/1&3&2.&=&()1(?(1-#"+5&&

&

3)(./0!45!9/*/$*(2)&@+('7*()'+&A&$#""+B&24&:"#$%C'(#)*&+,-(../"+&@!"#$%"&

'()*+*, B&1-.()'&*.#)+/$*&0#"%+&@()$"-1()'&*7/&<&./D/#*+&24&/#$7&*.#)+/$*B&&#)1&

2*7/.&#$*(?(*(/+&()&-DD/.&E#8&F7/-)&./+/#.$7&+(*/5 &

!

!

!

XY

XY

XYXY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

XY

Nam Theun

Nam Ko

105°34'E105°33'E105°32'E105°31'E105°30'E105°29'E105°28'E

18°7'30"N

18°7'N

18°6'30"N

18°6'N

18°5'30"N

18°5'N

18°4'30"N

18°4'N

18°3'30"N

18°3'N

18°2'30"N

VIETNAM

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Water

Line transects

XY Black giant squirrel detections

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

±



!"#$%&''())

!"#$%&''( )*+,&+)( -+.+,.+-( "/+#( .0+( ).1-2( *+#&"-( 3+#+( %#"3$( 0"#$%&''(

4 !"#$$%&"'() *&+,-..&5( 6$-( #17"1)8$+,9+-( 0"#$%&''( 4 !+-$#() "&/0.-"(&(5:( ;''(

-+.+,.&"$)(6#+(*#+)+$.+-("$(<&=1#+(>:((

?#"3$(0"#$%&'')(3+#+(-+.+,.+-("$()&@(-&77+#+$.(",,6)&"$)A()&=0.+-(.3&,+(6$-(

0+6#-(7"1#)( .&B+):( C0+( .3"( )&=0.&$=)( ",,1##+-("1.)&-+( .#6$)+,.(36'9):( C0+(

7&#).( )&=0.&$=( 4DEF( GH( ID:DJKL( M( DNGF( JNH( DD:IJNL( O5( &$/"'/+-( 6%"1.( DI(

&$-&/&-16')P( 6.( DNDI( B:( 6:):':( 6$-( .0+( )+,"$-( 4DEF( JH( DJ:J>EL( M( DNGF( K>H(

G>:EEEL(O5P(6%"/+(6(,6B*)&.+(6.(QI>(B(6:):':P(&$/"'/+-("/+#(IN(&$-&/&-16'):(

*&+,#-)./)R+.+,.&"$(4)&=0.&$=)(6$-(,6'')5("7(0"#$%&''()*+,&+)(-1#&$=(.#6$)+,.(

36'9)(4&$,'1-&$=(.0+(J(#+*+6.)("7(+6,0(.#6$)+,.5(6$-(".0+#(6,.&/&.&+)(&$(1**+#(

M6B(C0+1$(#+)+6#,0()&.+:(

)

#*#*

#*

#*

#*

#*

%,

Nam Theun

Nam Ko

105°34'E105°33'E105°32'E105°31'E105°30'E105°29'E105°28'E

18°7'30"N

18°7'N

18°6'30"N

18°6'N

18°5'30"N

18°5'N

18°4'30"N

18°4'N

18°3'30"N

18°3'N

18°2'30"N

VIETNAM

Elevation

Value

High

Low

Water

Line transects

%, Ruffous necked hornbill detection

#* Brown hornbill detections

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

±



!"#$%&'(''()*&+$"$,"$+&&

!"#$%&'(''()*&+$"$,"$+&-.$%&"#$&*"/+0&1$%2-+&3$%$4&

5 !""$%&6"%(,7*&()-89&"#$&:('&;#$/8<&,=>=&?)("$&@A&

5 B/8"C(,&*11&6"%(,7*<&+%-11289*&(8+&,())A&5 D('E(%&+$$%&6+%-11289*&(8+&"%(,7*A&

5 F2)+&129&6"%(,7*&(8+&8$*"A&

5 D-/"#$%8&*$%-3&6%$'(28*&8$G"&"-&*8(%$<&,=>=&?)("$&@A&

5 D'())&32)+&,("&*1$,2$*&6"%(,7<&,=>=&?)("$&@A&

5 H2.$"&*11&6>$(,$*A&

5 I$(%&*11&6,)(3&'(%7*&-8&"%$$<&,=>=&?)("$&@A&

5

H%(E5$("289&'(89--*$&6*29#"A&5 ?())(*J*&*K/2%%$)&6*29#"A&

5 L$+5,#$$7$+&*K/2%%$)&6*29#"A&

5 D"%21$+&*K/2%%$)&6*29#"A&

&

&

!"#"$%$&'()%(*)"(+&,'(-"($%.)*%$%)

)

L$*$(%,#&*2"$&.2*2"$+&3(*&,#(%(,"$%2*$+&E0&3$"&$.$%9%$$8&>-%$*"=&H('1@&3(*&

)-,("$+&28&(&.$%0&#/'2+&(8+&,-)+&(%$(&3#$%$&'-**&,-.$%*&'-*"&->&"%$$&"%/87*&

(8+& %-,7*=&L(28&-,,/%%$+&*-'$&'-%8289*&(8+&829#"*&(8+& >-9&3(*& $.$%0+(0&

1%$*$8"&'-*")0&28&"#$&'-%8289=&

&

M.$%(9$& ()"2"/+$& ->& ())& 3(01-28"*& -.$%& "#$& *"/+0& 1$%2-+& 6E$9288289& >%-'&

1("%-)& */E*"("2-8A& 3(*& @NOP& '& (=*=)=& 6%(89$& Q@Q5@ONN& '& (=*=)=A=& M.$%(9$&

"$'1$%("/%$& 3(*& @@=R@SH& '28& T& @U=RUSH& '(G& (8+& (.$%(9$& #/'2+2"0& 3(*&VP=RWX&'28&T&U@=V@X&'(G=&&

&

M&"-"()&->&@Q&.$9$"("2-8&1-28"*&3$%$&*('1)$+&6>-/%&-8&$(,#&"%(8*$,"A=&

Y$"(2)$+&+("(&,-))$,"$+&-8&.$9$"("2-8&2*&8-"&1%$*$8"$+&#$%$=&&

)

)

))



!"#$%&'(

(

!"#$%&'($)*+,)&$#$-(.$#$/( ')%#$'( 0$1&"$#( 1'+2%&$-(&#%3'(+#( '$4$#%2(%2+)5(%(

6%)( 6%-$( &#%*789( ",)&$#( *%63'9( #$*$)&( 3+%*"$#( &#%*7'9( %)16%2( #$6%1)'9(

3+1'+)(,'$-(&+(*%&*"(:1'"(%)-(&,#&2$'(0*;:;(<2%&$(=89(>1$&)%6$'$(6%#7'(+)(&#$$';(

?22( +:( &"$'$( 0$@*$3&( :+#( >1$&)%6$'$(6%#7( +)( &#$$'( %)-( 3$+32$( &#%*7'8( %#$(

#$3#$'$)&$-(+)(A15,#$(B;((

(

?(&+&%2(+:('1@(0C8(",)&$#(*%63'(.$#$($)*+,)&$#$-(1)*2,-1)5(&.+(1-$)&1:1$-(%'(

>1$&)%6$'$(",)&$#(*%63'(0>1$&)%6$'$(1)'*#13&1+)'(%)-(3#+-,*&'8;(?22(+:(&"$(

*%63'(.$#$(+2-9(6+#$(&"%)(%(:$.(6+)&"'(+2-(&+(+4$#(%(D$%#(+2-;(

(

E4$#(&"$('&,-D(3$#1+-('1@(0C8(')%#$(21)$'(.$#$($)*+,)&$#$-(0'+6$(6%D("%4$(

F$$)( #$*+#-$-(6+#$( &"%)(+)*$( 1:(*#+''$-(%&(-1::$#$)&( 32%*$'( %'(')%#$(21)$'(

.$#$( )+&( :+22+.$-( %)-( 6$%',#$-9( %22( +:( ."1*"( .$#$( +2-( %)-( 1)%*&14$9(

%2&"+,5"('+6$(.1#$(.$#$('&122(3#$'$)&(0F,&()+&(%*&14%&$-8;((

G$4$)( 0H8( 1'+2%&$-( ')%#$( &#%3'( .$#$( %2'+( $)*+,)&$#$-I( %22( +:( &"$6( .$#$(

#$*$)&2D('$&(,3(%)-(%*&14$;(

(

?( &+&%2( +:( ==J(.1#$'(.$#$( *+22$*&$-( %)-( F#+,5"&( F%*7( &+( KL<?( +::1*$( %'(

$41-$)*$(:+#(&"$(=MMM(713(3%1-(3$#(')%#$(&+(+,#(4122%5$(5,1-$';(N+&$("+.$4$#(

&"%&()+&(%22(.1#$'('$$)(.$#$(*+22$*&$-(-,$(&+(&16$(*+)'&#%1)&';(

(

?(5#+,3(+:(3+%*"$#'(03#$',6%F2D(>1$&)%6$'$8(.%'(3#$'$)&(%#+,)-(&"$(%#$%(

%&(&"$('%6$(&16$(%'(+,#(&$%6('1)*$(+,#(5,1-$'("$%#-(&"$6(+)*$(:#+6(O%63=(

%)-(3$+32$( &#%*7(.$#$(#$5,2%#2D( '$$);(P+.$4$#(.$()$4$#($)*+,)&$#$-(&"$(

3+%*"$#'(+#(&"$1#(*%63;(

(

Q$6%1)'(+:(G+,&"$#)('$#+.(.%'(:+,)-()$@&(&+(%(')%#$(&#%3;( (>122%5$#'( :#+6(

&"$(3%&#+221)5(&$%6(#$3+#&$-(2%&$#(&+(,'(&"%&(&"$('$#+.("%-(F$$)(*%,5"&(FD(

>1$&)%6$'$(."+("%-("%'&12D(*,&( 3%#&'(+:( 1&(F$:+#$( :2$$1)5(."$)( &"$D("$%#-(

&"$(&$%6(*+61)5(&+.%#-'(&"$6;(

(



!

!"#$%&'("!#$%&'()!&*+,-*(&%&.!,/&%!($&!)(-.0!1&%2,.!2*!-11&%!3'4!#$&-*!

%&)&'%+$!)2(&5!

!

!

"#$%&$$#'(!)#*+!,#--./01$!!

6-&! (,! -*&71&+(&.! 2*(&%%-1(2,*! ,8! ($&! 82&9.:,%;<! =! .2.! *,(! $'/&! (24&! (,!

2*(&%/2&:!($&!/299'>&%)!?2*!'..2(2,*<!($&!2*(&%/2&:!,8!($&!(&'4!/299'>&%)!:,-9.!

*,('@90!*,(!$'/&!@&&*!*&+&))'%290!%&9&/'*(!')!($&0!+'4&!8%,4!A'*!B,%@,*>!

'*.!.2.!*,(!;*,:!($&!%&)&'%+$!)2(&CD!$,:&/&%!.-%2*>!'!1%&/2,-)!)$,%(!/2)2(!(,!

($&!-11&%!1'(%,9!)-@)('(2,*!2*!3,/&4@&%!EFGG!@0!'!(&'4!8%,4!H,%9.A'*;!

'*.!HIJKL)!(&+$*2+'9!'./2),%)<!($%&&!4&4@&%)!,8!($&!1'(%,992*>!(&'4!:&%&!

D

DD

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

D

kj

kj

kj kjkjkj

!C

G

D

Nam Theun

Nam Ko

105°34'30"E105°33'30"E105°32'30"E105°31'30"E105°30'30"E105°29'30"E105°28'30"E105°27'30"E

18°7'N

18°6'30"N

18°6'N

18°5'30"N

18°5'N

18°4'30"N

18°4'N

18°3'30"N

18°3'N

18°2'30"N

18°2'N

18°1'30"N

18°1'N

VIETNAM

ElevationValue

High

Low

Water

D Snare lines or traps

kj Hunter camps

G Southern serow remains

!C Fishing poison

0 1 2 3 4 50.5km

© Camille Coudrat

±



!"#$%&!$'$() *+) ,!--) ,!./$00$) 12!#/3) 4/$) %$-56"-$-) #6) #/$) !"#$%&!$') 7%$)

5%$-$"#$()!")855$"(!9):3)

!

"#$%&&#'()*+%',!)4/$) 57#%600!";) #$72)6<) #/$) =55$%)>72) 4/$=");6$-) 6")57#%60-) $&$%+)6#/$%)

26"#/)<6%)7*6=#)?@)(7+-3)80#/6=;/)#/$+)-$$2)A7..6%(!";)#6)#/$!%)!"#$%&!$'B)

.3<3) 855$"(!9) :C) #6) *$) '$00) 6%;7"!-$(B) D!$#"72$-$) 567./$%-) 755$7%) #6) *$)

<%$E=$"#0+)A!<)"6#)7026-#)5$%27"$"#0+C)5%$-$"#)!")#/$)7%$7)&!-!#$()(=%!";)#/!-)

5%6F$.#)A"$7%)>72)G6C3)H7#%600!";)7%6="()#/!-)7%$7)'6=0()*$)"$.$--7%+)7"()

-5$.!70)<6.=-)-/6=0()*$)27($)6")<!"(!";)#/$)567./$%).725)#6).6"<!-.7#$)700)

#/$!%)27#$%!70)7"()<!"$)#/$23)

)

800) #/$) !"<6%27#!6") .600$.#$() %$;7%(!";) '!0(0!<$) ($#$.#$() 7"() #/%$7#-) A$3;3)

"=2*$%) 6<) -"7%$-) .600$.#$(C) -/6=0() *$) .625!0$() *+) 2$2*$%-) 6<) #/$)

57#%600!";) #$72) 7"() #%7"-<$%%$() #6) I,H8) %$;=07%0+) A#6) !"5=#) !") ,:14)

5%6;%72C3)

)

!"#$%#&'#(#'&)*&+'#,-*.%&'#+*')%&(*'&*)/#'&0#1#'$"&'#2*33#14$)-*1%&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&

&



!""#$%&'()*(!"#$%&'()'*+&",-*".'()'/"/0",#'()'&1"'23&,(%%*+4'&"3/'()'&1"'$22",'53/'61"$+'#$0#&3&*(+7'2",)(,/"8'09'

:*;1"%%"'</*&1'*+'5(-"/0",'=>??@'<$//3,9'()'&1"',"#$%&#'.3#'2,"23,"8'09':*;1"%%"'</*&1'A,"&,*"-"8'),(/'1",',"2(,&B'

(

!"#$%&'()*+#,'+-,./$#()*++')%$,

,

CD:E'8*#;$##*(+'

'

• 61"' CD:E' 8*#;$##*(+' 2,*/3,*%9' (;;$,,"8' *+' &1"' /(,+*+4' 3)&",' 0,"3F)3#&' 3&' &1"' ,3+4",' #&3&*(+@' ' G*#;$##*(+' .3#')(;$#"8'(+'3' H$"#&*(++3*,"'8"-"%(2"8'09':*##'D3/*%%"'D($8,3&@'61"',3+4",'#&3&*(+'*#'/3+34"8'09'&.(' ;($2%"#'.*&1'

+(';1*%8,"+'),(/'C3+4D13+4@''I%(+4'&1"'53/'61"$+'&1"')3/*%*"#'13-"'2%3+&"8';3##3-3'3+8'(&1",'-"4"&30%"#'3+8'&1"9'13-"';1*;F"+#'3+8'8(4#@'''

• 61","'3,"'J'-*%%34",#'.1('/3F"'$2'&1"'E22",'53/'61"$+'23&,(%'&"3/K'L13/&(+4'3+8'L13/#*+4'A),(/'L(,0(+4B7'

M($/N*"+4'AC3+4D13+4B7'O1(+"'A53O1($B'3+8'L"3+"'A:3F'P"$3+4B@'Q+%9'L13/&(+4'3+8'L13/#*+4'A),(/'L(,0(+4B7'

M($/N*"+4'AC3+4D13+4B'R(*+"8'&1*#'&,*2@'''

• 5(,/3%%9'&1"'CD:E'23&,(%'#&3))#'.($%8'.3%F'30($&'(+"'839'),(/'/3*+'1$&'A+(&"8'1","'3#'E22",'53/'61"$+'O3&,(%'

<&3&*(+B'&('&1"'$22",'.3&",#1"8'1$&@''P,(/'&1","'&1"9'13-"'&1,""'/3*+',($&"#7'&1"9'23&,(%@''Q+"'2",#(+'#&39#'3&';3/2'

.1*%"'(&1",'#*S'4("#'(+'23&,(%@''T*&1*+'3'839'23&,(%'&1"'#*S'/39'8*-*8"'*+&('#/3%%",'&"3/#'&('"S2%(,"'&1"'3,"3'3,($+8'

&1"'&,3;F'3+8'&1"+',"R(*+@'61"'&"3/'+(,/3%%9'23&,(%#')(,'?J'839#'AU'839#V;3/2B@'D%(#",'&('&1"'N3(WC*"&+3/'0(3,8",'

&1"'1*41",'+$/0",'()'*+;*8"+&#'(0#",-"8'A#+3,"'%*+"#'3+8'%(44*+4B'09'&1"'&"3/@'61"'&"3/';(%%";&#'30($&'=>>'#+3,"#'

"3;1'&,*2@''

• O,*/3&"'3+8'(&1",'.*%8%*)"'#2";*"#'(0#",-"8'*+'&1"'3,"3'*+;%$8"'/3;3H$"7'8(;$'%3+43,7'4*00(+7'.*%8'2*47'1(4'0344",7'

#H$*,,"%'3+8'1(,+0*%%'A*+;%$8*+4'4,"3&",'1(,+0*%%B@'''

• I#';1*%8,"+'&1"9'#&3,&"8'&('&,3-"%'&('&1"')(,"#&'3&'&1"'34"'()'30($&'?X@'M")(,"'&1*#'34"'*&'.3#'#3*8'&13&'*&'.3#'&(('83+4",($#')(,';1*%8,"+'&('4('*+&('&1"')(,"#&7'#*+;"'&1"9'+""8"8'&(';%*/0'/($+&3*+#@''61"'/3*+',"3#(+')(,'4(*+4'&('

)(,"#&'.3#'&('4('&('$2%3+8'Y13*Z')*"%8#@'<*+;"'.(,F*+4')(,'T:OI'(+'CD:E'23&,(%'&1"9'+('%(+4",'138'&1"'(22(,&$+*&9'

&('4,(.',*;"'A8$"'&('%(+4'2",*(8#'(+'23&,(%'3.39'),(/'&1"*,'-*%%34"B@'

• D(/23,"8'&('&1"'23#&'23,&*;*23+&#'(0#",-"'#/3%%",'+$/0",'()')*#1['Y0")(,"'2%"+&9'()')*#17'"3#9'&(';3&;17'0$&'+(.';3+'

#""'&1"';13+4"Z@''M3/0(('3+8',3&&3+'13-"'3%#(',"8$;"87'0";3$#"'Y2"(2%"';(%%";&'%3,4"'H$3+&*&*"#'3+8'+(.'13-"'&('4('

8""2'*+&(')(,"#&'&(';(%%";&Z@'T*%8%*)"'2(2$%3&*(+#'.","'8*#;$##"8'3#'0"*+4'13,8'&('/"3#$,"';13+4"'3+8'.1*%"'\*3+&'

M%3;F'<H$*,,"%'3+8'/3;3H$"'3,"'#&*%%'#""]+^'3'%(&'3+8'8"",'3,"';(//(+%9'1"3,8'3,($+8'&1"*,'-*%%34"#7'/($#"']8"",^'

3+8'2*4'2(2$%3&*(+#'13-"'*+;,"3#"8@''

• T1"+'3#F"8'.13&'8("#'5OI'/"3+_'61"9'3+#.","8'&13&'0")(,"'&1"'2,(R";&7'&1"9'8*8'+(&'F+(.@'M$&'.1"+'&1"'2,(R";&')*,#&';3/"'Y&1"9'138'&,3*+*+4'&('&"3;1'2"(2%"Z@'613&'Y&,""7'.*%8%*)"'3+8',*-",'+""8'&('0"'3'23,&'()'&1"')(,"#&'#('*)'.3+&'&('

F""2'&1"',*-",')(,'&,3+#2(,&7'9($'/$#&'F""2'&1"'&,""#'3+8'&1"'.*%8%*)"Z@'''

• 61"' 2,(R";&' &(' &1"/' 13#' /"3+&' "/2%(9/"+&@' Y`3229Z' 3+8' Y2,($8' ;3+' .(,F' .*&1' &1*#' R(0' &(' 2,(&";&' &1"' )(,"#&Z@''YC*"&+3/"#"'$#"'&(';(/"'1","'0$&'+(.'&1"9'3,"'#;3,"8'()'&1"/'A23&,(%'&"3/B7'3%&1($41'&1"9'#&*%%'4('&('&1"'C*"&+3/W

N3('0(3,8",'3,"3Z@'YT"'3,"'2,($8'&('8('&1*#'.(,FZ@'

• T:OI' ,(%"' .3#' 8"#;,*0"8' 3#' ;1";F*+4' 2"(2%"' "+&",*+4' 3+8' %"3-*+4' &1"' )(,"#&7' 2,(&";&*+4' &1"' )(,"#&' 3+8' ,*-",#7'

#&(22*+4' 2"(2%"' ),(/' 0(/0*+4' )*#1' 3+8' ;3&;1*+4' .*%8%*)"' *+' #+3,"#@' aS3/2%"' 4*-"+' .3#' Y&1","' (+"' 2",#(+' ),(/'53C3+4'.1(';3/"'&('&1"'$22",'53/'61"$+7'b' 3#F"8'A&1"'-*%%34",' *+';13,4"'()' ,3+4",'1$&B'.13&'1"'8("#'1","_' `"'

3+#.","87'&(';(%%";&'I4,3'.((8@'G*8'9($'4"&'2",/*##*(+_'5(7'&1"+'b';3++(&'%"&'9($'&1,($417'*)'9($'&,9'b'.*%%'13-"'&('

13+8;$))'9($7'0$&'&1"'-*%%34",',"&$,+"8'03;F'&('53C3+4Z@'''

• <*+;"' &1"'3,,*-3%' ()'&1"' 2,(R";&'(+"' ()'&1"' /3R(,' ;13+4"#',"%3&*+4' &(',$%"#'*#' &1"'%*/*&3&*(+' ()'-*%%34"' 0($+83,*"#@'

YM")(,"' 2"(2%"';($%8' 4(' "-",9.1","7' +(.'&1*#' 13#' ;13+4"8Z@' O"(2%"'3%#(' ,"H$*,"' 2",/*##*(+' &(' ;$&'8(.+' 3' &,""@'

YM")(,"'2"(2%"'8*8'+(&'13-"'&('4"&'2",/*##*(+'3+8';($%8';$&'8(.+'3+9'&,""7'0$&'+(.'13-"'&('3#F'2",/*##*(+'),(/'

-*%%34"'3$&1(,*&9Z@''61"9'3%#('/"+&*(+'.*%8%*)"'1$+&*+4',"4$%3&*(+#'Y*+'&1"'23#&'2"(2%"'$#"8'&('3%#('F*%%'3+*/3%#7'+(.'

3)&",'&1"'2,(R";&'."'&,9'3+8',"8$;"'3+8'+(&'F*%%@'M")(,"'$#"'&('F*%%'3+*/3%'&('"3&'0$&'+(.'."';3&;1'3+8'"3&'/(,"')*#1Z@'

• T1"+'3#F"8'30($&'.1"&1",'&1"9')""%'3+*/3%#'3+8'&,""#'3,"'&1,"3&"+"8'*+'&1"'3,"37'&1"9',"#2(+8"8'&13&'(+%9'&,""#'*+'<(+4%"F' 3,"' 0"*+4' ;$&'&(' /3F"' +".'23889' )*"%8#@' <(+4%"F'(+%9'13#' -",9' #/3%%' 3,"3' )(,' 23889')*"%8#' ;(/23,"8' &('53O1($'3+8'C3+4D13+4@'

• I#' 3' 23,&' ()'&1"' H$"#&*(++3*,"'."' .","' 3%#(' *+&","#&"8'*+' 1(.'&1"9' &1*+F' -*%%34",#' ;($%8' 0"'/(,"' *+-(%-"8' .*&1';(+#",-3&*(+@'D$,,"+&%9'&1","'3,"'&.('2"(2%"'.1(';($%8'3%#('.(,F'.*&1'&1"'CD:E7'0$&'8"2"+8#'(+'2,(R";&'0$84"&@''

`(."-",'.1"+'."',"W3#F"8'&1"'H$"#&*(+['1(.'8('9($'&1*+F'%(;3%'2"(2%"';($%8'0"'/(,"'*+-(%-"8'.*&1';(+#",-3&*(+_'

61"9'*+8*;3&"8'&13&'/(,"'&,3*+*+4'.3#',"H$*,"8'(,'3'.(,F#1(2'3&'-*%%34"'%"-"%'&('*/2,(-"'2"(2%"Z#'$+8",#&3+8*+4@'

• 61"'(+%9'#$44"#&*(+'(,',"H$"#&'/38"'.3#'*+',"43,8#'&('1(#&')3/*%9Z#';(//$+*;3&*(+@'D(//$+*;3&*(+'*#'%*/*&"8'#*+;"'(+%9'#""'&1"'23&,(%'&"3/'(+;"'(,'&.*;"'3'/(+&1'3+8'&1"'&"3/';3++(&'2,(-*8"'/"8*;*+"'3+8'(&1",'"##"+&*3%'/3&",*3%@'

b)'3',38*(V21(+"'.3#'2,(-*8"8'&1"+'&1"9';($%8'&3%F'&('L(,0(+4'3+8',"H$"#&'388*&*(+3%'/3&",*3%'*+;%$8*+4'/"8*;*+"'

&('0"'#"+&'3+8',";"*-"8@'`(."-",'&1*#'.($%8'3%#('/"3+'&1"'L(,0(+4',38*('.($%8'+""8'&('.(,F'3#'."%%7'3'#*&$3&*(+'

&13&'#&*%%'13#'+(&'0""+',"#(%-"8@''

+,-.#(/0-1(231&44#(2-5%03.*(67#$(438.(9&8&.#%:(.7#(03%&-(;-115$&;3.&-$(638(0#<#8.3=4&87#%(3.(.7#(85=8.3.&-$(

38(6#44(38(&$(>3$(?-0=-$@A '

(

(

(

(



!

"#$%&!'!"#$%&%'"&()*+",-./+0"&$*"'&-,1"/+"-22*."3(4"5$*-+"(.*(6""7"8(4/99*"8%-,.(&":;<:"

"

" "

=*4(9*">$/&*?@$**)*,"0/AA%+"B!"#$%&%C6"" " " " 8(&"&.(@)"(9%+0"&$*"3(4"5$*-+"

"" " " " "

" D&&*."&.(@)"(9%+0"&$*"3(4"5$*-+" " E*(."@9(>"4(.)'"

" " "

" F%-&$*.+"'*.%>".*4(/+" " " " " #%/'%+"-'*,"&%"@(&@$"G/'$"(+,"&-.&9*'"



!

!

!"#$%!&'()!*+(,!-$)!(&!!.(,/0!1(23!4/55$0!/26!*+(,!"/23!#2!7+$!8/9:3'(,26;!<!=/)#55$!>;!?;!=(,6'/7!@AB@!

!

!

CD*EC1!FCEG!FHD-I!1CH*!1E!!"#$%&'"()&$*+$J!

>K"K>L!M!1.K*.KHNK>!=-OP1DCPJ!>KQKH!>KG!

1.DO>!>K1HE>K-!*CE1D=1DI!KCDKJ!-KE!*IC;!!

!

R7+!E97(8$'!7(!@S7+!F$8',/'0!@AB@!

!

!

!

=/)#55$!>;!?;!=(,6'/7!

!

! !&



!"#$%&'(#)%"!

"#$%!&'()*+,-!.+/'.-%!',!-#+!%+0+,-#!1$+2&!-.$/!$,!3454$634*!"#+),!34-$',42!

7.'-+(-+&! 8.+4! 933"! 378:;! <4'! 7=>! ?#$(#! $%! ),&+.! -#+! 4)-#'.$-@! '1! -#+!

A4-+.%#+&!B4,4C+*+,-!7.'-+(-$',!8)-#'.$-@!9AB78:D!"#+!.+%+4.(#!$%!/4.-!'1!

*@! 7#=! /.'E+(-! 4-! FG1'.&! H.''5+%! I,$0+.%$-@! ),&+.! -#+! %)/+.0$%$',! '1! =.D!

3+54.$%!4,&!=.D!3$E*4,D!"#+!.+%+4.(#!1'()%+%!',!&$).,42!/.$*4-+%;!#'.,J$22%!4,&!

J24(56C$4,-!%K)$..+2%! $,!%+0+.42! 4.+4%!?$-#$,! 33"! 378L! 42',C!%$&+! -#+! %).0+@;!

-#.+4-%! 4,&! 0+C+-4-$',! &4-4! 4.+! .+('.&+&! 4-! +4(#! %$-+D! "#+! .+%)2-%! ?$22! 422'?!

$*/.'0$,C!*4,4C+*+,-!%-.4-+C$+%!'1!-#+!378D!

!

M'!14.;!%+0+,!%$-+%!#40+!J++,!/.+0$')%2@!0$%$-+&N!*+,!34*!O#4+;!*-,.H4,!P+)5;!*/,!

H4,!B454!Q4,C;!*0,! "',C! P+-;! *1,! H4,!34*)4,C;!*2,! 34*!F,! 4,&!*3,! )//+.!

34*!"#+),!9%++!R$C).+! S:D! "#$%! 24%-! -.$/!?4%! (',&)(-+&!J+-?++,!3404,C! 4,&!

"#4/#4$J4,!(2)%-+.%;!$,!T')4@!"',C!4.+4!9R$C).+S;!R$C).+!U:D!

!

.4)5'$6.+7.M$-+!0$%$-+&!-#.')C#')-!3454$!34*!"#+),!378!%$,(+!-#+!

J+C$,,$,C!'1!-#+!.+%+4.(#.

.



!

"#$%&'(!

!"#"$%&'(#)*"(

!"#$%&'()$!&*+$(,#($-"./"$-(0$/&1#,#2$3&,$ 4".0$ ,#0#(,/"$ .0$ 5&/(4#2$6#4-##*$

7(1(*+$8.*$4"#$7(9$:"(#$;&*#<$(*2$!"(.="(.6(*$/5'04#,0$8>?@$A$>B$&*$C.+',#$

@<D$ !"#$ ,#0#(,/"$ 0.4#$ -(0$ (//#00#2$ 4,(1#55.*+$ 3,&9$ E(*$ F'2&90&'G$ 8HIJK$

%#(2L'(,4#,<M$'=$4"#$7(9$8N,.1#,<$!"#'*$6)$6&(4$4&$E(*$8N1.55(+#<$I(G3'#*+M$

3,&9$-"#,#$4"#$,#0#(,/"$0.4#$-(0$(//#00#2$6)$3&&4$8#(04$&3$4"#$1.55(+#<D$O#0#(,/"$

0.4#$-.4"$4,(*0#/40$.0$=,#0#*4#2$&*$C.+',#$PD$

$

$

)*+,-#!.Q$7(G(.$7(9$!"#'*$7(4.&*(5$J,&4#/4#2$K,#($(*2$2#5.9.4(4.&*$&3$04,(4#+./$

;&*#0$-.4".*$4"#$K,#($8RHIJK<$

$

$

$

$

$

$$



!!"#$%&'("!#$%&'($)!$*!'+,!-,.,&-%+!.(',!()!/$0&1!2$)3!&-,&!4('+!-,5-,.,)'&'($)!$*!

'-&).,%'.!4&67,8!&)8!9(66&3,!9(.(',8:!!

!

!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!!

!

!



!"#$%$#$&'(

!

"#$%&!#'($)$($*+!,-!(.*!+(/0&!1*2$,0!#2*!0*+'2$3*0!$4!5#3%*!67!

!

!"#$%&'8!"*+'2$1($,4!,-!(.*!#'($)$($*+!!

(")%*& +,)-.-)/& (%*,0-1)-23&

9!:*32/#2&!;<6;! =#4!>/0,?+,/@!ABCDE!

F*#0G/#2(*2+H!(,!=#4!

C#@-/*4I!3&!3,#(!!

!J!=,#(!2$0*!KL.2+!

J!C**($4I!M$(.!=#4!C#@-/*4IN+!

'.$*-!(,!$4-,2?!#3,/(!(.*!12,O*'(!

#40!.$2*!L!1*2?#4*4(!)$%%#I*2+!(,!

O,$4!(.*!(*#?!#40!;!#00$($,4#%!0#&!

1,2(*2+!(,!2*#'.!P#?16!

>4*!4$I.(!+1*4(!$4!=#4!C#@-/*4I!

6<!:*32/#2&!;<6;! =#4!C#@-/*4I!(,!P#?16! KQ.2+!M#%@!

66!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!6!R!;!AB#%@!6H! (*#?!,-!Q!6;!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!L!R!Q!AB#%@!6H! (*#?!,-!L!

6L!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!S!R!T!AB#%@!6H! (*#?!,-!L!

6Q!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!U!R!V!AB#%@!6H! (*#?!,-!L!

6S!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!6!R!;!AB#%@!;H! (*#?!,-!L!

6T!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!L!R!Q!AB#%@!;H( (*#?!,-!L!

6U!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!S!R!T!AB#%@!;H! (*#?!,-!L!

6V!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!U!R!V!AB#%@!;H! (*#?!,-!;!

69!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!6!R!;!AB#%@!LH! (*#?!,-!;!A)*2&!1,,2!M*#(.*2!

',40$($,4+8!+(2,4I!M$40H!

;<!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!L!R!Q!AB#%@!LH! (*#?!,-!;!

;6!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!6!R!;!AB#%@!QH! (*#?!,-!L!!;;!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!S!R!T!AB#%@!LH! (*#?!,-!;!

;L!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!U!R!V!AB#%@!LH! (*#?!,-!L!

;Q!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!9!R!6<!AB#%@!6H! (*#?!,-!Q!

;S!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!9!R!6<!AB#%@!;H! (*#?!,-!L!

;T!:*32/#2&!;<6;! 52#4+*'(+!9!R!6<!AB#%@!LH! (*#?!,-!;!

;U!:*32/#2&!;<6;! P#?1;!(,!=#4!C#@-/*4I! KL.2+!

;V!:*32/#2&!;<6;! =#4!C#@-/*4I!(,!=#4!

>/0,?+,/@!AW#@#$H!

3,#(!2$0*!KL.2+!

(

)&*+((

J 4-**&5"6-$$%&52780") !A12$4'$1#%!$4)*+($I#(,2H!

J 409&5:"3)"$"1:23%&;"3):".23<!AF*#0!,-!=$,0$)*2+$(&!X*+*#2'.!Y*'($,4Z!

BCDEH!

J L!)$%%#I*2+!-2,?!=#4!C#@-/*4I!!

!

!

!

!



!"#$%&'()*#+,%)

!"#$#%&"$'"()"#*%+,-.#,"/-*-"/%&0-12"-%.3"/%,"/%&0-1"#3*--"#45-,"6#*%+,-.#,"("7"

8" /-*-" /%&0-1" 9" #45-,2" %," #3-" :*1" *-;-%#" $..<**-1" 1<*4+=" ;$$*" /-%#3-*"

.$+14#4$+," 6,#*$+="/4+1>2" &%*=-&?"1-.*-%,4+="<,<%&"%+45%&" 1-#-.#4$+," @" #3-" :*1"

/%&0"/4&&"+$#"A-"#%0-+"4+#$"%..$<+#>"

-+&#%&)"&.&")(/)0"&12/3%)"&0/"(%)./")4/"&)5&(#2+%)/$)("#$%&'()*#+,)4&(6/5%7)

)

8&9&(#(2/$)5#(#)

-+&#%&)"&.&")(/)0"&12/3%)"&0/"(%)./")5&(#2+%)/$)1&9&(#(2/$)5#(#)4&(6/5%7)

)

:&'/"5)/.)(6"&#(%)

-+&#%&)"&.&")(/)0"&12/3%)"&0/"(%)./")5&(#2+%)(6"&#()"&'/"5%)4&(6/5%7))

)

!"#$%&#)

;0&'2&%)#''/3$()

!&&" *-.$*1," $'" ,;-.4-," $B-*" #3-" ,#<1?" ;-*4$1" 6#*%+,-.#," /%&0" %+1" $#3-*"

$;;$*#<+4,#4."$..%,4$+,>"%*-";*-,-+#-1"3-*-C"D;-.4-,"1-#-.#4$+,"%*-"*-;*-,-+#-1"

$+"E4=<*-"9"65%.%F<-,>2"E4=<*-"G"61$<.,>2"E4=<*-"H"6=4AA$+,>2"E4=<*-"I"6A&%.0J

=4%+#",F<4**-&,>"%+1"E4=<*-"K"63$*+A4&&,>C""

'

()*)+$"'#,!"#$%$%$!&''(!!

L%.%F<-",;-.4-,"/-*-"1-#-.#-1"$+"(:"14''-*-+#"$..%,4$+,"4+.&<14+="I"#45-,"'$*"

/34.3" #3-" %+45%&," /-*-" 41-+#4'4-1" %," !,,%5-,-" 5%.%F<-," 6+$#-" #3%#" =4B-+"

14''4.<&#" B4,4A4&4#?" 4+" #3-" '4-&12" 41-+#4'4.%#4$+" MA-#/--+" !,,%5-,-" %+1" N3-,<,"

5%.%F<-O" ,3$<&1" A-" ,--+" %," ;*$B4,4$+%&P" 3$/-B-*" -%.3" #45-"5%.%F<-,"/-*-"

41-+#4'4-1" %," !,,%5-,-2" *-&%#4B-" =$$1" $A,-*B%#4$+" $'" ,$5-" 4+14B41<%&," $'" #3-"

=*$<;" 4+B$&B-1"1-#-.#4$+"$'" ,;-.4-,J,;-.4'4."5$*;3$&$=4.%&".3%*%.#-*,Q"+$#%A&?2"

A*$/+".$&$<*"$'"#3-"'<*2",#$<#-*"A$1?2"#34.0-*""%+1"5$*-"3%4*?"#%4&>C"

"

!,,%5-,-"5%.%F<-"1-#-.#4$+,"$..<**-1"A-#/--+"II:"5"%+1"R:H"5"%C,C&C"S3-+"

B4,4A4&4#?" ;-*54##-12" %*$<+1" ()" 4+14B41<%&," .$<&1" A-" .$<+#-1" 3$/-B-*" +$#"



!"#$%&'('&)*$)+,') +"+*-).("/0)$%1'2)3"$+) "4)+,') +%5')6,'#)$%.,+'&7) %#&%8%&/*-$)

4-'&)4("5)+,')"9$'(8'(7)"!!*$%"#*--:)0("&/!%#.)*-*(5)!*--$2)

)

;+,'()5*!*</')&'+'!+%"#$)6'(')%&'#+%4%'&)8%*)!*--$)5*&')9:)+,').("/0)"4)*#%5*-$)=/50%#.)+,("/.,)+,')!*#"0:>)"#)"#')"!!*$%"#7)"#')-"#')%#&%8%&/*-)6*$)&'+'!+'&)

+"") 4/(+%8'-:) +")0'(5%+) "9$'(8*+%"#)*#&) %&'#+%4%!*+%"#)*+)$0'!%'$) -'8'-2) ?,'$')@)

&'+'!+%"#$) "!!/(('&) 9'+6''#) ABC) 5) *#&) C@@) 5) *2$2-2) D%8'#) ,*9%+*+) 6,'(')

&'+'!+'&) *#&) !*--$) ,'*(&7) +,'$') "+,'() #"#E%&'#+%4%'&) &'+'!+%"#$) 5*:) *-$") 9')

F$$*5'$')5*!*</'$2)F--)&'+'!+%"#$)"4)5*!*</')$0'!%'$)*(')0('$'#+'&)"#)G%./(')

H2)

!!"#$%&'()'I'+'!+%"#)J!*--$)*#&)$%.,+$K)"4)5*!*</')$0'!%'$)&/(%#.)+(*#$'!+)6*-L$)

J%#!-/&%#.) +,') M) ('0'*+$) "4) '*!,) +(*#$'!+K) *#&) "+,'()*!+%8%+%'$) %#)N"/*:)?"#.)

('$'*(!,)$%+'2)!'



!"#$%&'()"#*#+,-*.!"#$%&'()*+,-$,.//*

!"#"$#%&'()$&'*%+,"-(%-"'#%*%$.#%&'(%'/&0/%'1(2%13#%'14(&*(-&5$2(&$$5++"-(&'(67(

-%**"+"'#( &$$.2%&'28( 9+&5:( $&5'#( 1"'"+.00;( +.'1"-( *+&,( 7( #&( 6<( %'-%/%-5.02(

)1+&5:($&5'#(1"'"+.00;(+":+"2"'#"-(#3"(.$#5.0('5,="+(&*(.'%,.02(%'(#3"(1+&5:(

1%/"'(#3"(*+">5"'#(="3./%&5+(&*(#3"(2:"$%"2(#&(*0""(&'"(%'-%/%-5.0(.*#"+(#3"(&#3"+(

%'(#3"(2.,"(-%+"$#%&'48(?&@"/"+A(2&,"("'$&5'#"+2(%'/&0/"-(0&'"(%'-%/%-5.02()B(

&$$.2%&'24(&+(C( %'-%/%-5.02(#&1"#3"+()B( &$$.2%&'24( #3.#(,.;(3./"(=""'(:.+#(&*(

:+"/%&520;(-"#"$#"-(1+&5:28(D'(#@&(&#3"+(&$$.2%&'2(1+&5:2(@"+"(:"+$"%/"-(#&(="(

0.+1"+( #3.'( 525.0( EB<FBG( %'-%/%-5.0A( .0#3&513( #&#.0( 1+&5:( $&5'#( @.2( '&#(

:&22%=0"8( H&2#( &*( #3"( #%,"( 1+&5:2( -"#"$#"-( *0"-( *+&,( &=2"+/"+A( 2&,"#%,"2(

:+&-5$%'1( .0.+,( $.002( .'-( 3%-%'1( %'( #+""( ="*&+"( *0""%'18( ?&@"/"+A( &'( #3+""(

&$$.2%&'2A( %'-%/%-5.02( #3.#( 2"","-( #&( 3./"( -"#"$#"-( #3"( &=2"+/"+2( -%-( '&#(

,.'%*"2#(*".+(.'-($&'#%'5"-(#&(0&&I(.#(52( )$8*8(J0.#"(64A(@3%$3( %2(2&( *.+(#3"( *%+2#(

#%,"(#3%2(="3./%&5+(3.2(=""'(&=2"+/"-(2%'$"(="1%''%'1(&*(#3%2(+"2".+$3(%'(KKL(

KJM8(D'(&'"(&$$.2%&'A(.(1+&5:(-"#"$#"-(@.2(*&00&@"-(=;($3.'$"(*&+(EB<<(,(.2(

#3"(1+&5:(@.2(*0""%'1(%'(#3"(-%+"$#%&'(&*(#3"(#+.'2"$#8(!5+%'1(#3%2(#%,"A(2"/"+.0(

.0.+,($.002(*+&,(-%**"+"'#(%'-%/%-5.02(@"+"(3".+-A(%'$05-%'1(.-50#2(.'-(N5/"'%0"28(

O5/"'%0"($.002(@"+"(3".+-($&,%'1(*+&,(="3%'-(#3"(+"2#(&*(#3"(1+&5:A(:+&=.=0;(0"*#(.0&'"(=;(#3"(.-50#28(L3"(+"2#(&*(#3"(1+&5:(#3"'($.,"(=.$I(%'(#3"(-%+"$#%&'(&*(#3"(

N5/"'%0"2P( $.002( #&( *%'.00;( *0""( E:"+:"'-%$50.+0;( #&( #3"( #+.'2"$#( )#3%2( 1+&5:( %'(

:.+#%$50.+(@.2(:"+$"%/"-(#&(="($&,:&2"-(&*(EBG(%'-%/%-5.0248((D'(#@&(&$$.2%&'2(

,.$.>5"2(@"+"(-"#"$#"-(%'($0&2"(:+&Q%,%#;(#&(-&5$28(

(

M0#3&513(-&5$2(@"+"('"/"+(2%13#"-(%'(:%'"F-&,%'.#"-(:.#$3"2(&*(*&+"2#()@3%$3(

@"( $+&22"-(.0&'1(2&,"(&*(#3"( #+.'2"$#24(2&,"(+",.%'2(&*($3"@"-(:%'"( 0"./"2(@"+"(&=2"+/"-(%'(#3"2"(3.=%#.#2(.'-(.+"(252:"$#"-(#&(3./"(=""'($3"@"-(&'(=;(

-&5$2()2""(J0.#"(648(

(

L3"("2#%,.#"-(#&#.0('5,="+(&*(1+&5:2(*&+(#3"(.+".($&/"+"-(%2(C(#&(G8(!"2$+%:#%&'2(

&*(.00(2%13#%'12(.+"(:+"2"'#"-(%'(L.=0"(B(.'-(*%15+"(&'(#3"(R%15+"(G8(

*

*

*



!

"#$%&! '!" #$%&" '(&$')*" +*,-./*0" )%',1-" /.(" '(*(2'&." /,3(" +,1&4%),1-" /'21*(&/"

5246*"21)"$/.('"$77$'/%1,*/,&")(/(&/,$1*08"

!" #$%&" '()&" *++,-(.$%&/" 01%(%2-&"

3)4"

#&%$(1/"

5" 56"

7&8""

59:;9" 5<="95>"5;?@<AB"C""

5D9="5@>"5E?6<DB"F"

<9G"" 5"1+.&"(.-(H(-2$1"3I,+8$81J")$1&4"K2)I&-"%:,+2L:"

M$.+IJ"$,+2.-"%&$)"%+"N1&&"$N%&,":(-(.L"(."$"%,&&"

$8+H&"

;" 59"

7&8""

@:6<" 5<="9D>"6E?G6AB"C""

5D9="5@>"6G?A6GB"F"

G6G"" O55"/(L:%&-P":(-(.L"(."%,&&"8&N+,&"1&$H(.L"

6" 5E"

7&8""

G:;E" 5<="9D>"95?66GB"C""

5D9="5G>"59?9@9B"F"

<9A"" 7&&-(.L"+."!"#$%"# "37(M2/"/II?4Q"-(-".+%".+%(M&"

+8/&,H&,Q"K2H&.(1&"I1$J(.L"R(%:")+%:&,"+8/&,H&-"

A" 5E"

7&8""

G:A;" 5<="9D>"95?5D5B"C""

5D9="5G>"5D?@GDB"F"

<@<"" 5"1+.&"(.-(H(-2$1P"$1$,)"M$11":&$,-Q")$J"8&"I$,%"+N"

%:&"/$)&"L,+2I"$8+H&"3!A4"

9" 5<"7&8""

G:6;" 5<="95>";G?EE6B"C""5D9="5@>"@?<6@B"F"

<EE"" OE"(.-(H(-2$1/P"/%$J&-"(."%,&&"8&N+,&"N1&&(.L"

E" 5G"

7&8""

G:;G" 5<="95>"6<?EG9B"C""

5D9="5G>"6D?@69B"F"

<65"" O<"(.-(H(-2$1/P":(-(.L"(."%,&&"8&N+,&"N1&&(.L"

<" 5G"

7&8""

5D:DE" 5<="95>"69?D<9B"C""

5D9="5<>"A@?6DGB"F"

GE6"" S&&."8&%R&&.";"%,$./&M%/"T"OG"(.-(H(-2$1/P"N1&-"

G" 5G"

7&8""

5D:95" 5<="95>";9?9A@B"C""

5D9="5<>"9D?@;5B"F"

@GD"" OG"(.-(H(-2$1/P"N1&-P":(-(.L"(."%,&&/P"$1$,)"M$11":&$,-"

@" ;D"

7&8""

55:AG" 5<="95>"@?6DEB"C""

5D9="5G>"55?<6;B"F"

G;<"" G"/(L:%&-"$%"N(,/%"82%"1$,L&"L,+2I"+N"O;DQ"+.1J"

N1&-"R:&."+8/&,H&,"$II,+$M:&-"M1+/&,"$1%:+2L:"

/+)&"(.-(H(-2$1/"R&,&"1++U(.L"$%"2/"5D" ;;"

7&8""

<:9G" 5<="95>";@?A9;B"C""

5D9="5@>"6?;EEB"F"

<6<"" S(L:%&-"8J"L2(-&"$8+H&"-&$-"8$)8++T-+)(.$%&-"

1$.-/M$I&P"N1&-"

55" ;;"

7&8""

G:A<" 5<="95>";<?6D;B"C""

5D9="5@>";D?E5GB"F"

<@G"" 6"(.-(H(-2$1/"/2."8$%:(.L"+."%+I"+N"%,&&Q"(.-(H(-2$1/"

.+%(M&-"%:&"+8/&,H&,"82%"-(-".+%",&$M%"V")$J":$H&"

8&&."I$,%"+N"%:&"/$)&"L,+2I"$8+H&"3!5D4"W"

5;" ;;"

7&8""

5;:DD" 5<="95>"55?65GB"C""

5D9="5@>";6?;@DB"F"

<A<"" O<"(.-(H(-2$1/P"/+)&"(.-(H(-2$1/"/%$J&-"+."%+I"+N"$"

%,&&P"/2."8$%:(.L"$.-"1++U&-"$%"2/"R(%:+2%"N1&&(.L"

N+,"$"N&R")(.2%&/?"

56" ;6"

7&8""

@:6;" 5<="95>"AD?96EB"C""

5D9="5G>"<?GE;B"F"

G<<"" O"6"(.-(H(-2$1/P"/(L:%&-"8J"X,?"*:$.%:$1$I:+.&Q"

N1&-"

5A" ;6"

7&8""

5D:AA" 5<="95>";9?E<9B"C""

5D9="5<>"A@?@56B"F"

@@;"" N1&-P"+.&"/%$J&-":(-(.L"(."$"%,&&"8&N+,&"N1&&(.L?"':&"

/$)&"L,+2I"R$/"YN+11+R&-Z"2.%(1"55:A9"$/"N1&&(.L"(."

%:&"-(,&M%(+."+N"%:&"%,$./&M%?"01$,)"M$11/"N,+)"

K2H&.(1&/"$.-"$-21%/"R&,&":&$,-P"K2H&.(1&/"1&N%"

8&:(.-"%:&"L,+2I?"[$,L&"L,+2I"+N";DT;9?"

59" ;E"

7&8""

G:AE" 5<="9;>"@?G;;B"C""

5D9="5G>"6<?A66B"F"

G6E"" O"E"(.-(H(-2$1/P"N1&-"

5E" ;E"

7&8""

@:A@" 5<="9;>"5E?@D<B"C""

5D9="5G>"E?55EB"F"

<<;"" O5D"(.-(H(-2$1/P"M+21-":$H&"8&&."/$)&"L,+2I"%:$."

$8+H&"3!594"

!

!



!

!"#$%&'()'"#$#%$&'(!)*&+,$&(+*-!'.!/'0%*!/01&(+!$12(*#%$!3245*!)&(%40/&(+!$,#!6!

1#7#2$*!'.!#2%,!$12(*#%$-!2(/!'$,#1!2%$&8&$&#*!&(!9'02:!;'(+!1#*#21%,!*&$#!)('$#<!

(0=>#1*!&(/&%2$#!$,#!%,1'('4'+&%24!'1/#1!'.!$,#!#(%'0($#1*-'

!

*+$,-&%.'/-",&01-&&2&3'#"44+.'5!"#$%&'%(%)*) 6'

?&>>'(*! 3#1#! /#$#%$#/! .1'=! $,#&1! ='1(&(+! %244*! 2(/! *&+,$#/! '(! @! '%%2*&'(*!

)71'>2>4:!&(8'48&(+!$,#!*2=#!+1'07-A!B244*!3#1#!#&$,#1!,#21/!/2&4:!.1'=!%2=7*!

>#$3##(!C,DD!2(/!E,DD!2=F!'1!'%%2*&'(244:!.1'=!*'=#!$12(*#%$*!>#$3##(!G,DD!

2(/!HD,DD!2=A!I#$3##(!$,#!HH$,!2(/!H@$,!J#>F!G!/&..#1#($!+1'07*!3#1#!&/#($&.&#/!

.1'=!B2=7HK!244!+1'07*!&/#($&.&#/!3#1#!,'3#8#1!('$!,#21/!#8#1:!='1(&(+!$,#!

.'44'3&(+! /2:*! 71'>2>4:! /0#! $'! 821&2$&'(! &(! $,#! 3#2$,#1! 3&$,! /&=&(0$&'(! '.!

$#=7#12$01#! 2(/! ,&+,#1! ,0=&/&$:! 4#8#4*! 2.$#1! $,#*#! /2$#*A! ;,#! .&1*$! *&+,$&(+!

'%%011#/!'(!HC$,!J#>!2$!E,6L!2$!E6H!=!2A*A4A!2(/!$,#!*#%'(/!&(!%4'*#!71'M&=&$:F!'(!

$,#!@D$,!J#>!2$!G,@H!2$!E6C!=!2A*A4A!;,#!.&1*$!*&+,$!244'3#/!$'!%'0($!N!&(/&8&/024*<!



!"#$%#&'(#$)*#((!+,-.%%/0$1+!$&'(#2$)-('34/$'"5$!"#$6.7#"8(#$)-('34/9$:"$1;#2#$

1+!$!33'28!"20$'"8&'(2$%(#5$<=!5.38">$(!'5$'('=&$3'((29$

?!1'($>=!.<$".&-#=$%!=$1;#$'=#'$3!7#=#5$82$#218&'1#5$'1$@A$1!$@B$>=!.<29$

!

!"#$%&'! ()! C#1#318!"$ )28>;18">2$ D$ 3'((2/$ !%$ >8--!"2$ 5.=8">$ 1='"2#31$ +'(42$

)8"3(.58">$ 1;#$ E$ =#<#'12$ !%$ #'3;$ 1='"2#31/$ '"5$ !1;#=$'3187818#2$ 8"$F!.'*$?!">$

=#2#'=3;$ 281#9$G!."1'8"$ )!"#$/$ "'&#2$ '=#$ 8"583'1#5$ !"$ 1;#$&'<9$ HH%#&'( &")&(

*'+,&"(#-(&"'()..#/0(1#'0(+#&(.'2.'0'+&(.'*)&34'(130&)+5'(#-(&"'(,.#$206('75'2&(-#.(

&"'(8()..#/0(2#3+&3+,(9:;<%(-#.(/"35"(&/#(,.#$20(/'.'("').1()&(&"'(0)='(&3='(3+(

&"'(0)='(13.'5&3#+>(#+'(=$5"(-$.&"'.(&")+(&"'(#&"'.?!!

!

!

!



!"#$%&'(#)*+,-.(//0"+1!"#$%"&'()*+*, 2+

!"#$%&'(#)*&+,-(../"+&0/./&1/#.2&3)&44&3$$#+(3)+&#)2&+('1*/2&3)&456&2/*/$*(3)+&

3$$-../2&7/*0//)& 894&:& #)2& ;<4&:& #6+6"6& =03& ()2(>(2-#"+&0/./& +//)& *3'/*1/.&

?//2()'&3)&?.-(*+&?.3:&!"#$%"#$@A($-+&+BB6C&#)2&3)/&()2(>(2-#"&0#+&+('1*/2&#*&*1/&

+#:/& "3$#*(3)& #)2& *.//& 2-.()'& *1/& +/$3)2& 0#"%& 3?& *1/& +#:/& *.#)+/$*& @'./#*&

13.)7(""+& 0/./& #"+3& +('1*/2& ?//2()'& 3)& *1/& +#:/& *.//C6& D)& 3)/& 3$$#+(3)E& 3)/&

()2(>(2-#"&0#+& +('1*/2&?//2()'&3)&*1/&+#:/&*.//&+B/$(/+&01/./&#& '.3-B&3?& 23-$&

1#2&F-+*&?"/2&?.3:E&B.37#7"G&#"+3&?//2()'&3)&*1(+&*.//&+B/$(/+6&H(""#'/.+&./B3.*/2&

*1#*&*1/./&0/./&*03&2(??/./)*&%()2+I+B/$(/+&3?&7"#$%J'(#)*&+,-(../"+K&3)/&+:#""/.&

0(*1&#&G/""30&$1/+*E&#)2&*1/&3*1/.&7(''/.&0(*1&01(*/&$1/+*6&=1(+&0#+&)3*&#++/++/2&

()&*1/&?(/"2E&#"*13-'1&01/)&B3++(7"/E&$3"3-.&3?&*1/&$1/+*&37+/.>/2&0#+&)3*/26&

&

+

3('./0+45+L/*/$*(3)&@+('1*()'+&M&$#""+C&3?&7"#$%J'(#)*&+,-(../"+&@&"'()"$*+,-.-/ C&2-.()'& *.#)+/$*& 0#"%+& @()$"-2()'& *1/& N& ./B/#*+& 3?& /#$1& *.#)+/$*C& #)2& 3*1/.&

#$*(>(*(/+&()&O3-#G&=3)'&./+/#.$1&+(*/6++



!"#$%&''())

!"#$% &'()*% '+,% -.'&&% $"(+/0&&-% 1*(*% ,*#*2#*,% ,3(0+)% #$*% -#3,4% 5*(0",6% 7&&%

$"(+/0&&%-5*20*-%,*#*2#0"+-%'(*%5(*-*+#*,%"+%80)3(*%96%

%

:'()*% $"(+/0&&% 2$'('2#*(0-#02% 2'&&-% ;/3#% +"#% ,0<<*(*+#0'/&*% /*#1**+% -5*20*-% "<%

&'()*% $"(+/0&&-=% 1*(*% $*'(,% (*)3&'(&4% <(".% >'.5?% ;5("/'/&4% <(".% #$*% -'.*%

)("35=%'+,%1*(*%$*'(,%<(".%#('+-*2#-%"+%@%"#$*(%,0<<*(*+#%"22'-0"+-6%

%

*#+,-)."#$%&''()/!"#$%&#'()*&%+)#0)

A+*%5'0(%"<%)(*'#%$"(+/0&&-%1'-%-0)$#*,%'&"+)%'%#('+-*2#%<&**0+)%<(".%'%<(30#%#(**%

;!"#$%"#$&$8023-%-55'=%<(".%1$*(*%#$*4%$',%/**+%<**,0+)%"+6%B$*%-0)$#%"223((*,%

'#%#$*%-'.*%#0.*%'-%"/-*(C'#0"+%"<%D%/&'2EF)0'+#%-G30((*&-%<**,0+)%"+%#$*%-'.*%

#(**6%H'(0"3-%/0(,%-5*20*-%1*(*%'&-"%5(*-*+#%0+%#$*%-'.*%#(**6%

%

1#"2$)."#$%&'')/ ,+&%%-)+"#'.)*/$00) 0)

B$0-% -5*20*-%1'-% #$*%."-#% 2".."+&4% ,*#*2#*,% 10#$% I% ,*#*2#0"+-% 0+2&3,0+)% J%

-0)$#0+)-% '+,% #$*% "#$*(% @% ,*#*2#0"+-% <(".% #$*0(% 2$'('2#*(0-#02% 2'&&-6% B$*% <0(-#%

-0)$#0+)%"223((*,%<(".%>'.5?%;IK9%.%'6-6&6=%"+%#$*%??#$%8*/%'#%?I$?K%1$*+%?D%

0+,0C0,3'&% 1*(*% -0)$#*,% ;5(*-3.*,% #"% (*5(*-*+#% #$*% '55("L0.'#*% #"#'&% )("35%

-0M*=6%B$*%-*2"+,%-0)$#0+)%"223((*,%'&"+)%'%#('+-*2#%"+%#$*%DD+,%8*/%'#%N$DIO%'#%

99?%.%'6-6&6%'<#*(%$*'(0+)%#$*%)("35%2'&&0+)%'+,%."C0+)%#"1'(,-%3-O%@%0+,0C0,3'&-%

1*(*% -0)$#*,% /3#%.'4% +"#% (*5(*-*+#% #$*% #"#'&% +3./*(% "<% #$*% )("356% B$*% &'-#%

-0)$#0+)%"223((*,%'&"+)%'%#('+-*2#%"+%#$*%DP#$%8*/%'#%??$?@O%'#%IJN%.%'6-6&6O%'#%#$*%

-'.*%&"2'#0"+%1$*(*%'%)("35%$',%/**+%$*'(,%"+%'%5(*C0"3-%#('+-*2#%1'&EQ%DK%

0+,0C0,3'&-%<&40+)%"C*(%#$*%"/-*(C*(-%1*(*%2"3+#*,%;#"#'&%+3./*(%"<%#$*%)("35=6%

%

%

)

)

)

)



!

"#$%&'! ()! !"#"$#%&'( )*%+,#%'+*( -'.( $-//*0( &1( ,&2'3%//( *4"$%"*( .52%'+( #2-'*"$#(

6-/7*( )%'$/5.%'+( #,"( 8(2"4"-#*(&1("-$,( #2-'*"$#0( -'.( &#,"2(-$#%9%#%"*( %'(:&5-;(

<&'+(2"*"-2$,(*%#"=(

!

!

*+,'&!-.--./0!1'+'2+'1!!

> *?-//(6%/.($-#(*44()$/-6(?-27*(&1(#2""(-'.(#2-$7*(3&#,(@A($?(6%."0(> 3"-2(*44()$/-6(?-27*(&'(#2""(%'$/5.%'+(B(2"$"'#(C1"6(?&'#,*D0(> +-52()#2-$7*(-'.(.5'+0(> ?5'#E-$(*44()$-//F(.2&44%'+*F(#2-$7*0(> ?&5*"(.""2()2"?-%'*(%'(-(*'-2"(#2-40(> $%9"#(*44()1"-$"*0(> 6%/.(4%+()#2-$7*(G(.2&44%'+*0(> *-?3-2(.""2()&'/;(&'"(/&$-#%&'(6,"2"(.2&44%'+*(&3*"29".0(> *H5%22"/(*4"$%"*()*%+,#*0(

!



!"#"$%$&'()%(*)"(+&,'(-"($%.)*%$%!

"#$#%&'(!$)*#!+)$)*#,!-%$!'(%&%'*#&)$#,!./!,&/!#+#&0&##1!23&#$*4!5#+#&%6!7%*'(#$!

32!7)1#8,39)1%*#,! 23&#$*$!-#&#! #1'3:1*#&#,!%6310! $39#!*&%1$#'*$4! ;%&0#!7)1#!

*&##$!%1,!;%0#&$*&39)%!*&##$!-#&#!'399316/!3.$#&+#,4!<(#!:1,#&0&3-*(!-%$!

,39)1%*#,!./!&%**%1!$7#')#$=!$9%66!7%69!*&##$=!+)1#$!%1,!$9%66!,#%,!.%9.33!)1!

'#&*%)1!%&#%$4!>7#1!'%137/!2&#?:#1*6/!#1'3:1*#&#,4!@1!$39#!%&#%$=!*%66!%1,!6%&0#!

7%69! *&##$!-#&#! ,39)1%1*4!539#!$#'31,%&/!(%.)*%*=! 3&)0)1%66/! 36,! 2)#6,$! ABCD!

/#%&$!36,E!-#&#!'&3$$#,!%*!*(#!#1,!32!31#!*&%1$#'*=!*3-%&,$!*(#!+)66%0#!%&#%4!

!

F+#&%0#!%6*)*:,#!32!%66!-%/73)1*$!3+#&!*(#!$*:,/!7#&)3,!-%$!GHH!9!%4$464!A&%10#!

IGJ8KKL!9! %4$464E4! F+#&%0#! *#97#&%*:&#!-%$! JL4MLNO! 9)1! P! LI4GKNO! 9%Q! %1,!

%+#&%0#!(:9),)*/!-%$!ML4CJR!9)1!P!HL4HLR!9%Q4!!

!

F!*3*%6!32!CD!+#0#*%*)31!73)1*$!-#&#!$%976#,!A23:&!31!#%'(!*&%1$#'*E4!

S#*%)6#,!,%*%!'366#'*#,!31!+#0#*%*)31!)$!13*!7&#$#1*#,!(#&#4!!

)

/0,"%$1)

<(&#%*$!#1'3:1*#&#,!-#&#T!$1%&#!6)1#$=!(:1*#&!'%97$=!)$36%*#,!'%97!2)&#$=!0:1!

$(3*$=!9%189%,#!*&%)6$=!6300)10=!U)#*1%9#$#!9%&V$!31!*&##$4!F66!32!*(#$#!A#Q'#7*!

23&!U)#*1%9#$#!9%&VE!%&#!&#7&#$#1*#,!31!W)0:&#!K4!!

!

F! *3*%6! 32! JD! (:1*#&! '%97$X'%97! 2)&#$X(:1*#&! $*&:'*:&#! -#&#! #1'3:1*#&#,4!

<(#$#!)1'6:,#,T!!

8 M!36,!2)&#$!-)*(!13!'%97!$*&:'*:&#!%&3:1,=!$:00#$*)10!7#376#!9%/!*&%+#6!*3!*(#!

%&#%!316/!23&!%!,%/=!31#!32!*(#!2)&#!(%,!$)6+#&!7(#%$%1*!&#9%)1$!A2#%*(#&$E!1#Q*!*3!

)*Y!!

8 I!36,!(:1*#&! '%97$! A3+#&!J!/#%&! 36,! $#*!:7E! *(%*!9%/!.#! &#0:6%&6/!+)$)*#,! ./!

+)66%0#!7#376#4!!>1#!32!*(#9!-%$!.)0!#13:0(!*3!%''3993,%*#!%.3:*!JDZ!7#376#=!

*()$!'%97!9%/!(%+#!.##1!$#*!:7!-(#1!$1%&#!6)1#!2#1'#$!-#&#!9%,#!*(#!2)&$*!*)9#!

BL! /#%&$! %034! W)$()10! *&%7! .%$V#*$! -#&#! #1'3:1*#&#,! )1! $39#! 32! *(#! '%97$=!

$:00#$*)10!+)66%0#&$!$*)66!'39#!*3!'366#'*!2)$(!)1!*(#!%&#%4!

8 >1#!)$36%*#,!36,!-33,#1!'%0#!-%$!#1'3:1*#&#,!%6310!%!*&%1$#'*4!

!



!"#$%&'#%(&)*+%,#$-.*%(#"#/%012%(/3$#%4-/#(%5#$#%#/6.)/&#$#*%0(.7#%73+%'3"#%

8##/%$#6.$*#*%7.$#%&'3/%./6#%-9%6$.((#*%3&%*-99#$#/&%,436#(%3(%(/3$#%4-/#(%5#$#%

/.&% 9.44.5#*%3/*%7#3()$#*2:%;'#% (/3$#%4-/#(%5#$#%(#&%),%."#$%3%+#3$%3<.%8)&%

5#$#%3,,3$#/&4+%$#<)43$4+%"-(-&#*:%=/%3**-&-./>%5#%/.&#*%&'3&%7.(&%.9%&'#%,.4#(%)(#*% &.%'.4*% &'#% 5-$#(%'3*% 8##/% 64#3$#*% 9$.7%3/+% 5-$#>%7.(&4+% 8$.?#/% 5-$#(%

5#$#% (##/% ./% &'#% ,.4#(:% =&% -(% ()(,#6&#*% &'3&% "-443<#$(>% ?/.5-/<% .)$% &#37% 53(%

6.7-/<%-/%&'-(%3$#3>%637#%&.%6.44#6&%344%&'#%(/3$#(%8#9.$#%.$%*)$-/<%.)$%,$#(#/6#>%

(-/6#%&'#%3$#3%63/%8#%"-(-&#*%-/%@)(&%./#A*3+%&-7#%0<.A3/*A836?2:%B/-734%$#73-/(%

9.)/*% -/% (/3$#(% 5#$#C% 9#3&'#$(% 9$.7% (-4"#$% ,'#3(3/&% 0$#6#/&4+% 63)<'&% 3/*%

6.44#6&#*%8+%(/3$#$(2>%836?%4#<%.9%7.)(#%*##$>%4#<(%.9%)/-*#/&-9-#*%8-$*(:%

%B%&.&34%.9%DE%(/3$#(%0FG%9$.7%5-$#>%H%9$.7%$.,#2%5#$#%6.44#6&#*%3/*%8$.)<'&%836?%

&.%IJKB%.99-6#:%;'#(#%-/64)*#*%(/3$#(%&'3&%5#$#%8$.?#/%09$.7%3/-734%(&$)<<4#%

&.%#(63,#2% .$%34$#3*+%'3*% 63)<'&% 3/-734(>%3/*% (/3$#(% 9.)/*%3&%')/&#$% 637,(:%

J.(&%.9%&'#%(/3$#%,.4#(%*-*%/.&%'3"#%3/+%5-$#(%(#&%),%0(##%38."#2:%

%

L)/('.&(%5#$#%'#3$*%9$.7%F%*-99#$#/&% 4.63&-./(%."#$% &'#% (&)*+%,#$-.*:%!/% &'#%

EM&'% N#8>% O% 6./(#6)&-"#% <)/('.&(% 5#$#% 9-$(&4+% '#3$*% 3&% P'FF% 09$.7% FFQRSI%

*-$#6&-./2>% 43&#$% 3&% P'HF% H% 6./(#6)&-"#% <)/('.&(% 5#$#% '#3$*% 09$.7% TOQRSU%

*-$#6&-./2:%;'#(#%3$#%()(,#6&#*%&.%'3"#%8##/%9$.7%3%(37#%0<$.),%.92%,.36'#$(:%

;'#%OF$*%N#8%./#%<)/('.&%53(%'#3$*%3<3-/%3&%EO'FG%09$.7%PQRU%*-$#6&-./2:%%

%

!4*% 4.<<-/<%53(% #/6.)/&#$#*%3&%D% 4.63&-./(V% 344% .9% &'#7% -/".4"#*%4.<(% .9%W.(#%

5..*%&$##:%K#.,4#%6)&&-/<%5..*%5#$#%'#3$*%./%&'#%ED &'%N#8%3&%EO'DG%3&%38.)&%

OQQ%7%9$.7%.)$%&#37X(%4.63&-./:%

%

Y-#&/37#(#%73$?(%./%&$##%5#$#%(##/%3&%(.7#%,436#(%0TD2%8)&%5#$#%"#$+%.4*%0ZD%

+#3$(%.4*2:%J$:%['3/&'343,'./#%(3+(%Y-#&/37#(#%,#.,4#%)(#*%&.%6.7#%-/%&'#%3$#3%

&.%6.44#6&%!"#$%&"'(%&.%73?#%,#$9)7#%073+8#%*#,4#&#*%/.53*3+(2:%;'#+%73+%

/.&%6.7#%-/%&'#%3$#3%3/+7.$#%<-"#/%&'#%43$<#%*-(&3/6#%&.%Y-#&/37:%

%

\3.%"-443<#$(%&'3&%73+%"-(-&%&'#%3$#3%6.7#%9$.7%/#-<'8.$%"-443<#(C%]3/%J3?9)#/<>%

]3/%;'3,'3-83/>%]3/%].)373>%]3/%S3"3/<%3/*%]3/%]./<8.)+#:%

%



!"#$%"&'( )*"+,-( .'*'( /0%%0#,1( '#/02#)'*'&( )3*024302)( )3'( *'-'"*/3( -+)'(

5-0%'( 0,&'*6( #0)( *'/'#),1( 2-'&7( "#&( ,0/")+0#( 08( '"/3( ."-( #0)'&( '9'*1( )+%'(

/*0--'&(5-0%'(%"1(3"9'(:''#(08()3'(-"%'(/0#)+#202-()*"+,6(/*0--'&(")(%2,)+;,'(

;,"/'-7<(=3'-'(-244'-)(*'42,"*(9+-+)(8*0%(#'+43:0*300&(9+,,"4'*-(+#()3'("*'"<(

(

!!"#$%&'(>(=3*'")-('#/02#)'*'&(09'*()3'(-)2&1(;'*+0&(+#(?02"1(=0#4(*'-'"*/3(

-+)'<(! !!!!



!"#$%##"&'()"*+(,"--./01#(

!"#$%##"&'()&&*(+,-$.(-)(/-0+1("'()2.(.3.'"'4(&'()2.(55'6(7.8(9")2()2.()2:..(

3",,-4.:#(;:&0(<-'(=-*;%.'4>(

(

?",,-4.:#(:.+&:).6()2.(+:.#.'$.(&;(@(

A(#+.$".#(&;(0-$-B%.#(C2-"'/3 D("'()2.(-:.-@(

E F2.#%#(0-$-B%.(CG-"'/('.435(2-"'/(60'/3 D(

E H)%0+E)-",.6(0-$-B%.(CG-"'/(*$+".73 D(

E I##-0.#.(0-$-B%.(CG-"'/(8+&%3 D(

J2.K( #-"6( )2.K( 2-6( '.3.:(#..'(+"4E)-",.6(0-$-B%.#( "'( )2.( -:.-( C6"6('&)( 2-3.(

'-0.( ;&:( )2-)( #+.$".#L( 9.( -#*.6( )2.0( -8&%)( ")( 8K( 6.#$:"8"'4( ")( )&( )2.0( -'6(

#2&9"'4()2.0(-(+"$)%:.(&;(")D>(

5(#+.$".#(&;(#,&9(,&:"#(CG-"'/(-&43 D@(

E MK40K(#,&9(,&:"#(C6.#$:"8.6(-#()2.(#0-,,(#+.$".#(92"$2("#(:.6D(

E <.'4-,(#,&9(,&:"#(C6.$:"8.6(-#()2.(8"4(#+.$".#L(92"$2("#(92").D(

1( #+.$".#( &;( 4"88&'( C2*.'003 D( 6.#$:"8.6( 9")2( $2-:-$).:"#)"$#( &;( )2.( H&%)2.:'(

92").E$2..*.6(4"88&'(

F.6E#2-'*.6(6&%$#(CG*2-6.'4ND(

O2.'( -#*.6( )2.K( #-"6( )2.K( 2-6( '.3.:( #..'( &)2.:( ,-'4%:( #+.$".#( CG7+&'/N( &:((

G*.-%'/3 D>(

(

J2.K(:.+&:)()2-)()2.:.(-:.(5(6";;.:.')(;&:0#(&;(8,-$*E4"-')(#B%"::.,#@(&'.(,-:4.(

9")2( -( 92").( $2.#)( CG #.'"*('9."35( )2.( 8"4( #+.$".#D( -'6( &'.( #0-,,.:( 9")2( K.,,&9(

$2.#)(CG #.'"*('&935()2.(#0-,,(#+.$".#D>(

(

J2.K(:.+&:).6()2.(+:.#.'$.(&;(P(#+.$".#(&;(2&:'8",,#("'()2.(-:.-@(

E )2.(8:&9'(2&:'8",,(CG'&7(4.('&93 D(@($&00&',K(#..'(

E )2.(4:.-)(2&:'8",,(CG'&7(7&7('9."3 D(@($&00&',K(#..'(

E )2.(:%;&%#E'.$*.6(2&:'8",,(CG'&7(7&7(7&(60'/3 D(@(Q&)(3.:K($&00&'(

E )2.( R:".')-,( +".6( 2&:'8",,( CG'&7( 70'/3 D( @( Q&)( 3.:K( $&00&'L( &',K( #&0.(

#.-#&'#(

O2.'(#2&9.6( )2.(+"$)%:.#(&;( )2.(6";;.:.')(2&:'8",,(#+.$".#L( )2.K(#-"6()2.K()2.(

O:.-)2.,(2&:'8",,(6&.#('&)(&$$%:("'()2.(-:.->(

(



!"##$%&'()%&*&'$##+)(,$',)%-"*%)"*),.&) /-'&(,) $,)$'-0*1)234)+&$'()-#1)5",.) ,.&"')

6$'&*,() $*1) 5"##) (,$',) %-"*%) $#-*&) $,) 78379) +&$'() -#1:) ;0,) -*#+) <#-(&) ,-) ,.&)

="##$%&>)?.&+),+6"<$##+)@=$'"&();&,5&&*)/$A"#"&()"*),.&)="##$%&B)%-)"*,-),.&)/-'&(,)

234),"A&()6&')A-*,.)$*1)5"##)(,$+)&",.&')/-')C32)1$+()-')D0(,)/-')-*&)1$+>)?.&+)0(0$##+)="(",) ,.&) /-'&(,) $66'-E"A$,&#+)4)FA)$5$+)/'-A) ,.&) ="##$%&)@$''"="*%) $,)

G-0$+)?-*%B>)H.&*)<-A"*%)"*),.&)/-'&(,:),.&+)<-##&<,)/"(.:)'$,,$*)/-')/--1)@I!""#$%

$*1)&'""#$ B:)5"#16"%)$*1)A0*,D$<()@(6&<"&()*-,)(6&<"/"&1B>)

?.&+) ($"1)6'"A$,&()$'&) *-,) <-*(0A&1);+)="##$%&'() /'-A)J$*)K$F/0&*%)10&) ,-)

,.&"') '&#"%"-0() @J011."(AB) ;&#"&/(>) L-A&) CM) +&$'() $%-:) ,.&+) 0(&1) ,-) .$=&) $)

,&A6#&) "*),.&) ="##$%&);0,) 1-)*-,) .$=&)-*&) $*+A-'&:).-5&=&') ,.&) ;&#"&/) ,.$,) "/)

&$,"*%) 6'"A$,&() ,.&) (6"'",() 5"##) A$F&) +-0) ("<F) (,"##) '&A$"*() "*) 6&-6#&N() A"*1),-1$+)$*1),."()"()*-5),'$*(A",,&1)/'-A)%&*&'$,"-*),-)%&*&'$,"-*);+)6$'&*,()$*1)

&#1&'()-/),.&)="##$%&>)?.&+)'&6-',&1),.$,),."();&#"&/)1-&()*-,)&E"(,)"*)-,.&')="##$%&()

$'-0*1),.&)$'&$>)

)

?.&+) ($+) ,.$,) A-(,) -/) 5"#1#"/&) (6&<"&() .$=&) "*<'&$(&1O) <"=&,(:) ;"'1(:) %";;-*(:)

1-0<(:)A$<$P0&(:)5"#16"%(:)A0*,D$<()&,<>)$*1)&=&*)=&%&,$,"-*)(6&<"&(>)?.&)-*#+)

(6&<"&()/-')5."<.)$)(#"%.,)1&<'&$(&)5$()A&*,"-*&1)5$(),.&)($A;$')1&&')@5."<.)

,.&+) ($+) "()(,"##) (&&*)$'-0*1) ,.&) ="##$%&B)Q("')*%'+,-% ./#%!)%."#0,12)3%01"2%'+)%

"#45% "#)% 1)."13% "0% -/2!/1% 3))3% -,6#% 1)."13)3% "7)1% '+)% -'835% 9)1,"3:% ;+,.+% ,-%

8#8-8/4%."29/1)3%'"%"'+)1%1)-)/1.+%-,')%7,-,')3 R)

)

H.&*)$(F&1)$;-0,),.&)A&$*"*%)-/)IS$,"-*$#)T'-,&<,&1)U'&$N),-),.&A:),.&+)($"1)",)

"()/-')<-*(&'=$,"-*)@I/#"84/< NB)-/)$##)5"#1#"/&)(6&<"&()@I -/'%9//$ B>)

L"*<&),.&)&(,$;#"(.A&*,)-/)S$F$")S$A)?.&0*)$()$)STU:)="##$%&'()A&*,"-*&1),.$,)

,.&)<.$*%&()$'&O)$<<&((),-);-$,(:),'$*(6-',)"()"A6'-=&1)$*1),.&'&/-'&),'$1&:)5",.)

&$(+) ="(",) ,-) ;0+) $*1) (&##) ,."*%() @*-*) ,"A;&') /-'&(,) 6'-10<,(B) .$() "*<'&$(&1:)

,.&'&)$'&),'$<F();&,5&&*),.&)="##$%&(>)Q("')*%'+)%/#-;)1%'"%'+,-%=8)-',"#%>>%?";%

'+)%0/.'%'+/'%(/</,%(/2%@+)8#%+/-%!))#%3)-,6#/')3%/-%/%(AB%+/-%.+/#6)3%'+)%;/5%

5"8%4,7)%5"81%4,0)%+)1)C%D%;/-%2,-,#')191)')3%'"%'+)%;/5%4,0)%+/-%.+/#6)3%-,#.)%'+)%

."#-'18.',"#%"0%'+)%+531"9";)1%3/2%/#3%'+)%2/#/6)2)#'%"0%'+)%/1)/%!5%EFABR>)

)

?.&)$<,"=","&()HKTU).$();&&*)"*=-#=&1)"*)$,),.&"')="##$%&)$*1)$'-0*1),.&)$'&$)

$'&O) ,.&) ;0"#1"*%) -/) ,'$<F() ;&,5&&*) ="##$%&(:) "A6'-=&A&*,) -/) $%'"<0#,0'&)



!"#$%&'(")*+ ,&-.-&/"+ 01%&!12&%3*+ )#$11-+ 4(&-.&%3*+ 5678+ 95&--:3"+ 61%)"2;:!&1%+

7:%:3"0"%!+8%&!<+=:!21--&%3+!":0+9>!"#"$%&?<+,$&#$+()(:--@+31+";"2@+01%!$+1%+

=:!21-+/12+ABC+.:@)*+4(!+.&.+%1!+31+!$&)+@":2D+5&--:3"2)+()(:--@+31+,&!$+:+E7FG+

)!://H++

I1+!$"+'(")!&1%+>J%+@1(2+-&/"*+$:;"+@1(+)""%+:%@+#$:%3")+&%+!$"+2(-")K?*+;&--:3"2)+

2")=1%.".+!$:!+%1,+&!+&)+":)&"2+!1+()"+!$"+/12")!+,&!$+!$"+2(-")+L."-&0&!:!&1%+1/+

/12")!+()"+M1%")N*+!$"@+O%1,+,$"2"+!$"@+:2"+:--1,".+!1+31*+,$:!+)":)1%+!$"@+:2"+

:--1,".+ !1+$(%!+ :%.+ ,$&#$+ )="#&")+ !$"@+ #:%+ 12+ #:%%1!+ $(%!H+P"/12"*+ ;&--:3"2)+

/210+:--+1!$"2+;&--:3")+#1--"#!".+/210+!$"+/12")!+:%@,$"2"H+

+I1+!$"+'(")!&1%+>+Q1+@1(+/""-+!$:!+:%&0:-)+:%.+!2"")+:2"+!$2":!"%".+&%+!$"+:2":K?*+

!$"@+0"%!&1%".+!$:!+!$2":!)+,"2"+:32&#(-!(2"+/&"-.)+:%.+-133&%3+:%.+RRR)%:2")*+

.13)+ :%.+ 3(%)+ LRRR:-!$1(3$+ !$")"+ ,"2"+ -".+ 4@+ !$"+ !2:%)-:!12*+ 72H+

6$:%!$:-:=$1%"N+

+

J%!"2;&","")+):&.+!$:!+!1+=21!"#!+!$"+,&-.-&/"+&%+!$"+:2":*+)1-(!&1%)+,1(-.+4"+!1+

)!1=+$(%!&%3+!1!:--@*+:%.+/12+;"3"!:!&1%*+!1+0:&%!:&%+1%-@+S+:32&#(-!(2"+/&"-.)+:%.+

!(2%+";"2@+!$2""+@":2+4"!,""%+!$"+/&"-.)+!1+:;1&.+#(!!&%3+012"+&%!1+!$"+/12")!H+

I$"@+):&.+!$:!+!$")"+)1-(!&1%)+,1(-.+4"+=1))&4-"+!1+&0=-"0"%!H+

+

I$"@+0"%!&1%".+!$:!+!$"@+%";"2+)""+1(!)&."2)+9="1=-"+/210+5&"!%:0*+T:O:&+12+

1!$"2+/:2+;&--:3")<+ &%+!$"+/12")!D+4(!+ !$"@+)""+ !$"0+1/!"%+&%+ !$"+ ;&--:3"*+#10&%3+

/210+T:O:&+.&)!2&#!+12+5&"!%:0")"+="1=-"D+!$"@+#10"+!1+)"--+#-1!$")*+3:)1-&%"+:%.+

#11O&%3+"'(&=0"%!H+

+

+

!"#$%%"&'()*$&+,+

Q"-&0&!:!&1%+1/+U12")!+8)"+V1%"+.1")+%1!+)""0+!1+4"+;"2@+#-":2+&%+!$"+:2":+9:%.+

!$21(3$1(!+!$"+TFG<*+:-!$1(3$+;&--:3"2)+&%!"2;&",".+0"%!&1%".+!$:!+!$"@+O%1,+

,$"2"+!$"@+:2"+:--1,".+!1+31*+!$"@+)!&--+1="%-@+):@+!$:!+!$"@+#10"+!1+!$"+:2":+

,$"2"+ !$"+ !":0+ ,:)*+ ,$&#$+ &)+ %1!+ )(==1)".+ !1+ 4"+ ;&)&!".+ 4@+ ;&--:3"2)H+ W&3%)+

)$1(-.+ 4"+=(!+ (=+/12+ 4"!!"2+ ."-&0&!:!&1%+ :%.+ ;&--:3"2)+ )$1(-.+ 4"+!2:&%".+1%#"+

:3:&%+:41(!+/12")!+()"+:21(%.+!$"&2+;&--:3"H+



!"#$%&'%($)*+%(&,-.,,&"'%/&*+%*+$%0&1123$#,%#$32#(&'3%,12,+42'(45.#'%)#2-*&-$,%

,+".1(% *26$% )12-$% &'% 0&1123$,7% ,&'-$% *+$% 0&1123$#,% *+$8,$10$,% *+&'6% *+2*% &*% &,%

)",,&51$%*"%#$(.-$%*+$%)#2-*&-$%/&*+%+20&'3%2%,$*%'.85$#%"9%9&$1(%)$#%928&1:;%%

<,% )#$0&".,1:% 8$'*&"'$(% &'% $2#1&$#% #$)"#*,7% *#2&'&'3,% 2'(% 2-*&0&*&$,% /&*+% *+$%0&1123$#,% ,+".1(% #$3.12#1:% 5$% &8)1$8$'*$(% &'% *+$% 0&1123$,% *"% #2&,$% 2/2#$'$,,%

25".*% /&1(1&9$% -"',$#02*&"'% 2'(% *"% $'9"#-$% 12/,;% =+$,$% ,+".1(% 5$% -"'(.-*$(%

/+&1$%$,*251&,+&'3%3""(%#2))"#*%2'(%*#.,*%9#"8%0&1123$#,%2'(%&'0"10$%*+$8%&'%*+$%

#$,)"',&5&1&*:%"9%)#"*$-*&'3%*+$&#%9"#$,*%2#$2;%

>2*#"11&'3% *$28% ,.)$#0&,$(% 5:% ?!><% ,*299% ,+".1(% #$,.8$% &'% *+$% 2#$2% ,&'-$% &*%

,$$8,%*"%5$%#$3.12#1:%0&,&*$(%5:%0&1123$#,;%

%!"#$%#&'#(#'&)*&+'#,-*.%&'#+*')%&(*'&*)/#'&'#0*11#23$)-*2%&)/$)&$++"4&/#'#5&



!"#$%&'!"#$%&%'"&()*+",-./+0".*'*(.1$"2/*3,"&./#"/+"4%-(5"6%+0"(.*(7"8*9.-(.5":;<:=">"?(@/33*"

?%-,.(&"

"

""""""""""""""""""""" "A/33(0*."1(@#" " " " " " """@%-'*",**.".*@(/+'"/+"'+(.*"

"

"""" "'/3A*."#$*('(+&".*@(/+'"/+"'+(.*" " """""""B+(.*"3/+*"

"

"-+/,*+&/2/*,"9/.,".*@(/+'"/+"'+(.*"

"

"



!"#$%&'!"#$%&'%()*"

"!"#$%"# "+,'#(-"-../"01('&-"23'#3"456#789'6%&"-:('11)5-;"91)6&"3$1%4'55-"6%*"*$(#-"2)1)"$4-)1<)*"

0))*'%9"$%="

""" ".'%)"5)6<)-"-(-.)#&)*"&$"4)"#3)2)*"4>"*$(#-"

"

"?$(#"-'93&)*"65$%9"&16%-)#&"



!"#$%&'()*$%!%+',,-'$.,/!0!1'23--*!4/!5/!1#6.+'7!89:8!

!

!

;<=>;"!?;>@!?A<BC!";A=!">!!"#$%&'()#$*+,-*

.//)0*#&1*1"#*&0)&2D!4EFE4G!1BHI"<;D!4EJEA!4E@!"K<H4!4E"A>4EB!=;>"<1"<C!E;<ED!

BE>!=C;/!!

!

:87)!@'+()!7#!L7)!EM+3-!89:8!

!

!

!1'23--*!4/!5/!1#6.+'7!

!

!!!!!!!! ! ! ! ! ! !

*



!"#$%&'(#)%"!

"#$%!&'()*+,-!.+/'.-%!',!-#+! %+0+,-#! 1$+2&!-.$/! $,!3454$634*!"#+),!34-$',42!

7.'-+(-+&! 8.+4! 933"! 378:;! <4'! 7=>! ?#$(#! $%! ),&+.! -#+! 4)-#'.$-@! '1! -#+!

A4-+.%#+&!B4,4C+*+,-!7.'-+(-$',!8)-#'.$-@!9AB78:D!"#+!.+%+4.(#! $%!/4.-!'1!

*@! 7#=! /.'E+(-! 4-! FG1'.&! H.''5+%! I,$0+.%$-@! ),&+.! -#+! %)/+.0$%$',! '1! =.D!

3+54.$%!4,&!=.D!3$E*4,D!"#+!.+%+4.(#!1'()%+%!',!&$).,42!/.$*4-+%;!#'.,J$22%!4,&!

J24(56C$4,-! %K)$..+2%! $,! %+0+.42! 4.+4%!?$-#$,! 33"! 378L! 42',C! %$&+! -#+! %).0+@;!

-#.+4-%! 4,&! 0+C+-4-$',! &4-4! 4.+! .+('.&+&! 4-! +4(#! %$-+D! "#+! .+%)2-%! ?$22! 422'?!

$*/.'0$,C!*4,4C+*+,-!%-.4-+C$+%!'1!-#+!378D!

!

M'!14.;!%+0+,!%$-+%!#40+!J++,!/.+0$')%2@!0$%$-+&N!*+,!34*!O#4+;!*-,.H4,!P+)5;!*/,!

H4,!B454!Q4,C;! *0,!"',C!P+-;! *1,!H4,!34*)4,C;!*2,!34*!F,;!*3,!)//+.!34*!

"#+),;! 4,&! *4,! R')4@! "',C! 9%++! S$C).+! T:D! "#$%! 24%-! -.$/! ?4%! (',&)(-+&! $,!

3404,C!(2)%-+.;! $,!*5,! "',C54(#+,C!4,&!*+6,! )//+.!34*!B',!4.+4%!9S$C).+T;!

S$C).+!U:D!

.7)8'$9.+:.M$-+!0$%$-+&!-#.')C#')-!3454$!34*!"#+),!378!%$,(+!-#+!J+C$,,$,C!'1!

-#+!.+%+4.(#D.

;9#<%&=.



!"#"$%&'(#)*"(

!"#$ !%&'()*"#&'$ )&+$ ,--#.$ /)0$1%&$ ).#)2$ ).#$ 3%*)4#+$ 564"6&$ 4"#$ /)7)&'$

*3,24#.$ 8*9:9$;<=$ ;>=$ ;?$%&$@6',.#$ AB9$ !"#$ .#2#).*"$264#$5)2$ )**#22#+$4.)7#336&'$

:.%0$C)&$D,+%02%,($8E1FG$H#)+I,).4#.B=$,-$4"#$/)0$8J.67#.B$K%4$LM$L%)4$4%$

C)&$8J7633)'#B$/)")%9$C)&$/)7)&'$5)2$.#)*"#+$:.%0$C)&$/)")%$76)$4.)*4%.9$$!"#$

.#2#).*"$ 264#$ 62$ )**#22#+$LM$ :%%4$ :%33%56&'$ 4"#$ /)0$1%&9$ N#2#).*"$ 264#2$564"$

4.)&2#*42$)&+$7633)'#2$76264#+$).#$-.#2#&4#+$%&$@6',.#$O9$

$

$

!"#$%&'(P$/)()6$/)0$!"#,&$/)46%&)3$F.%4#*4#+$G.#)$)&+$+#36064)46%&$%:$

24.)4#'6*$Q%&#2$564"6&$4"#$G.#)$8RE1FGB$

$

$

$

$

$

$

$



!!"#$%&'("!#$%&'($)!$*!'+,!-,.,&-%+!.(',!()!/$)01&%+,)0!&)2!344,-!5&6!7$)!&-,&.!8('+!

-,4-,.,)'&'($)!$*!'-&).,%'.!8&91,2!&)2!:(99&0,!:(.(',2;!!

!

!

!

!

!!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

! !"#$%$#$&'(

!



!"#$%&"'(#)#(#*+&,-&(.*&+(/0%&1*2#,0&"2*&0*+'2#3*0&#4&5"3$*&67&

!"#$%&'8&!*+'2#1(#,4&,-&(.*&"'(#)#(#*+&&

(")%*& +,)-.-)/& (%*,0-1)-23&

69&:"2'.&9;69& <"4&=/0,>+,/?&@A:BC&D*"0E/"2(*2+F&(,&<"4&

G".",&3%&3,"(H&<7&G".",&(,&<7&G")"4I&3%&

(2"'(,2&

J <,"(&2#0*&KL.2+&

J 52"'(,2&2#0*&K9.2+&

J

:**(#4I&M#(.&<"4&G")"4IN+&'.#*-&(,&#4-,2>&

"3,/(&(.*&12,O*'(&"40&.#2*&

L&1*2>"4*4(&)#$$"I*2+&(,&

O,#4&(.*&(*">&"40&

"00#(#,4"$&1,2(*2+&(,&2*"'.&

P">16&

=4*&4#I.(&+1*4(&#4&<"4&G")"4I&

6L&:"2'.&9;69& <"4&G")"4I&(,&+(,1&,)*2&'">1&"$,4I&G">&:,4& KQ.2+&M"$?&

6R&:"2'.&9;69& S(,1&,)*2&'">1&(,&P">16&@5,4I?"'.*4I&

2*+*"2'.&+#(*F&

C$,4I&D,/"%&:"22,.&

KQ.2+&M"$?&

6T&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&6&U&9&@A"$?&6F& (*">&,-&R&

6V&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&L&U&R&@A"$?&6F& (*">&,-&R&

6Q&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&T&U&V&@A"$?&6F& (*">&,-&R&

6W&:"2'.&9;69& !"%&,--& #$$4*++&

6X&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&6&U&9&@A"$?&9F! (*">&,-&9&

9;&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&L&U&R&@A"$?&9F& (*">&,-&L&

96&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&T&U&V&@A"$?&9F& (*">&,-&L&

99&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&6&U&9&@A"$?&LF& (*">&,-&L&&

9L&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&L&U&R&@A"$?&LF& (*">&,-&L&

9R&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&T&U&V&@A"$?&LF&Y&>,)*&'">1Z&+(,1&"(&(.*&A:BC&1"(2,$&

+/3+("(#,4&

(*">&,-&9&&

9T&:"2'.&9;69& A:BC&1"(2,$&+/3+("(#,4&(,&P">19&@/11*2&G">&

:,4&2*+*"2'.&+#(*F&

K9.2+&

9V&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&6&U&9&@A"$?&6F& (*">&,-&R&

9Q&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&L&U&R&@A"$?&6F& (*">&,-&L&

9W&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&T&U&V&@A"$?&6F& (*">&,-&L&

9X&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&6&U&9&@A"$?&9F& (*">&,-&L&

L;&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&L&U&R&@A"$?&9F& (*">&,-&L&

L6&:"2'.&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&T&U&V&@A"$?&9F& (*">&,-&L&

;6&C12#$&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&6&U&9&@A"$?&LF& (*">&,-&L&;9&C12#$&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&L&U&R&@A"$?&LF& (*">&,-&L&

;L&C12#$&9;69& 52"4+*'(+&T&U&V&@A"$?&LF&

Y&P">19&(,&A:BC&1"(2,$&+/3+("(#,4&

(*">&,-&9&

;R&C12#$&9;69& A:BC&1"(2,$&+/3+("(#,4&(,&<7&G")"4I& K66&.2+&M"$?&"$,4I&(.*&G">&

:,4&

;T&C12#$&9;69& <7&G")"4I&(,&<7&G".",&M#(.&>,(,23#?*+&"40&<"4&

G".",&(,&G"?"#&@<7&=/0,>+,/?F&3%&3,"(&

&

!

"#$%!

!

J 4-**&5"6-$$%&52780") &@12#4'#1"$&#4)*+(#I"(,2F&



! !"#$%&'()'*'+&,(-$.'()&'/,(0"#$%&'"()"*+('+,%-.+/0"1%.%&-23"4%2/+(56"

789:;"

! <",+==&>%-.")-(?"*&5"@&,&5>"

! :''+/+(5&="A(-/%-."./&0%'")(-"/3%")+-./"B"'&0."C5/+="D%"-%&23%'"E&?AF""

!

"#$%&'()!*$+,&!

G(-" /3%" /D(" -%.%&-23".+/%."2(?H+5%'6" &" /(/&="()"FB"/-&5.%2/."D%-%"D&=I%'" #.+J"

/-&5.%2/." +5"K(5>I&23%5>"&5'" .+J"+5"CAA%-"@&?"8(5;6"%&23"D&."D&=I%'" /3-%%"

/+?%.L"

-+'$&'!#'.'#!)/!0#'12/3&!#'0/#)&!./#!4/#'!5')$2+&!/%!)#$%&'()!*$+,!4')6/5&7!

!

8'9')$)2/%!5$)$!

-+'$&'!#'.'#!)/!0#'12/3&!#'0/#)&!./#!5')$2+&!/%!1'9')$)2/%!5$)$!4')6/5&7!

!

:'(/#5!/.!)6#'$)&!

-+'$&'!#'.'#!)/!0#'12/3&!#'0/#)&!./#!5')$2+&!)6#'$)!#'(/#5&!4')6/5&7!!

!

1-23*)2!

;0'(2'&!$((/3%)!

:==" -%2(-'." ()" .A%2+%." (,%-" /3%" ./C'0" A%-+('" #/-&5.%2/." D&=I" &5'" (/3%-"

(AA(-/C5+./+2"(22&.+(5.;"&-%"A-%.%5/%'"3%-%L"4A%2+%."'%/%2/+(5."&-%"-%A-%.%5/%'"

(5"G+>C-%"M"#?&2&NC%.;6"G+>C-%"O"#'(C2.;6"G+>C-%"P"#>+HH(5.".+>3/%'"&5'"3%&-'"

)-(?" /-&5.%2/.;6" G+>C-%" Q" #>+HH(5." 3%&-'" )-(?" 2&?A.;6" G+>C-%" R" #H=&2I!>+&5/"

.NC+--%=.;6"G+>C-%"S"#=&->%"3(-5H+==.;"&5'"G+>C-%"FT"#H-(D5"3(-5H+==.;L""

$

$

$

!'4'53-$2+-46-2!"#$%$%$!&''(!!

KD(" .A%2+%." ()" ?&2&NC%." D%-%" 2=%&-=0" +'%5/+)+%'U" :..&?%.%" ?&2&NC%" &5'"

H%&-V./C?A!/&+=%'" ?&2&NC%L" G(-" .(?%" '%/%2/+(5" ()" ?&2&NC%" .AA" +5,(=,+5>"

.+>3/+5>.6"'+./+52/+(5"H%/D%%5":..&?%.%"(-"13%.C."?&2&NC%"D&."5(/"2%-/&+5"&5'"



!"#$%&'%$#(')"*$%&()($+(%(,%-"*$'#($-*,./+(+$-*$%&($0','1/($)22$#(,"#+)$"*$%&($

3'24$ '.%&"/5&$ *"%($ 3"#($ )-5&%-*5)$ -*6".6(+$ 7))'3()(8.-9($ 3"#2&"."5-,'.$

,&'#',%(#-)%-,)$ %&'*$ :&()/)8.-9($ ,&'#',%(#-)%-,);$ <"3($ "%&(#$ +(%(,%-"*)$ "*.=$

-*6".6(+$3','1/($,'..)4$>&-,&$+"()$*"%$'..">$-+(*%-!-,'%-"*$'%$)2(,-()$.(6(.$'*+$

'#($'.)"$-*,./+(+$-*$%&($0','1/($)22$#(,"#+);$7..$3','1/($#(,"#+)$'#($2#()(*%(+$

"*$?-5/#($@;$0','1/()$,'..)$>(#($'.)"$&('#+$"*$ %>"$",,')-"*)$ !#"3$A'32B$-*$

C'3$0"*$)-%(;$

$

!""#$%"%&$#'#()%$!"#$%&&%'()&*&+$>')$)-5&%(+$'*+$-+(*%-!-(+$"*$D$+-!!(#(*%$

",,')-"*)E$F$-*$G"*59',&(*5$'*+$H$-*$/22(#$C'3$0"*;$I*$"*($",,')-"*$)(6(#'.$

-*+-6-+/'.)$"!$"*($5#"/2$,"/.+$J($2&"%"5#'2&(+$KL.'%($MN;$O%$>')$*"%(+$%&'%$%&($

%=2-,'.$3"#2&"."5-,'.$,&'#',%(#-)%-,)$"!$ %&($)2(,-()$'#($J()%$*"%-,('J.($"*$'+/.%$

3'.();$ O*!'*%)$ '*+$ P/6(*-.()$ '#($ *"%$ 5""+$ )/JP(,%)$ !"#$ )2(,-()$ -+(*%-!-,'%-"*4$

()2(,-'..=$ !"#$ +-)%-*5/-)&-*5$ J(%>((*$ 7))'3()($ '*+$ :&()/)$ 3','1/();$

?/#%&(#3"#(4$ -*%#'5#"/2$ -*+-6-+/'.)$ 6'#=$ 3"#2&"."5-,'..=$ '*+$ "*.=$ )"3($

-*+-6-+/'.)$,'*$&(.2$%"$,"*!-#3$%&($)2(,-()$-+(*%-!-,'%-"*;$$

&

*%#+,"-)$./-#01%2& $#'#()%& !"#$ %,-./*0(&+$ >')$ )-5&%(+$ "*$ %>"$ +-!!(#(*%$

",,')-"*)E$M$-*$G"*59',&(*5$'*+$M$-*$/22(#$C'3$0"*;$O*$G"*59',&(*54$)-5&%-*5$

"!$%&($)2(,-()$",,/##(+$"*$%#'*)(,%$>&(*$"*($."*($-*+-6-+/'.$,'3($#/**-*5$"*$

%&($5#"/*+$ %">'#+$/)$K)"3($F$3(%#()$'>'=N$'*+$,"*%-*/(+$ #/**-*5$+">*$%&($

&-..;$O*$/22(#$C'3$0"*4$%>"$-*+-6-+/'.)$>(#($)((*$KJ(%>((*$B$%#'*)(,%)N$"*$%&($

5#"/*+$>&-.($!((+-*5$"*$="/*5$.('6()$!#"3$)3'..$)&#/J);$



!"#$%&'!()!!"#"$#%&'()$*++,(*'-(,%./#,0(&1(2*$*34"(,5"$%",(-46%'.(#6*',"$#(7*+8,(

)%'$+4-%'.( #/"( 9( 6"5"*#,(&1("*$/( #6*',"$#0( *'-( &#/"6(*$#%:%#%",( %'(;&'.8*$/"'.(

*'-(455"6(<*2(=&'(6","*6$/(,%#",>(

!

*'+,-./01'+!+2%3!4!"#$%&'()*+,-$,./5!

!&4$,( 7"6"( ,%./#"-( &'( ?@( -%11"6"'#( &$$*,%&',( %'( #/"( #7&( 6","*6$/( ,%./#,(

$&2A%'"-B(CD(%'(;&'.8*$/"'.(*'-(C@(%'(455"6(<*2(=&'>(E&2"(&1(#/","(,%./#%'.,(

%':&+:"-(#/"(,*2"(.6&45,(,""'($&',"$4#%:"+F(&6(,*2"(.6&45,(,""'(&'(-%11"6"'#(

-*F,(*#(#/"(,*2"(+&$*#%&'>(G6&45(,%H"(6*'."-(16&2(9(%'-%:%-4*+,(#&(&:"6(?I>(J'(

&'"(&$$*,%&'(*(.6&45(&1(?IK(%'-%:%-4*+,(7*,(&A,"6:"-(,5+%##%'.(*'-(.&%'.(%'(#7&(

&55&,%#"(-%6"$#%&',>(=&,#( &1( #/"( #%2"(.6&45,( 1+"-( 16&2(&A,"6:"6,L( *+#/&4./(&'(

,&2"(&$$*,%&',(,&2"(%'-%:%-4*+,(&1(*(.6&45(7"6"(5/&#&.6*5/"-(+&&8%'.(*#(#/"(

&A,"6:"6( 7%#/( '&( %',#*'#( 6"*$#%&'( )$>1>( M+*#"( C0>( N""-%'.( ,%.',( &1( +"*1( 7"6"(

&A,"6:"-( &'( ,":"6*+( &$$*,%&',( *'-( 5/&#&.6*5/,( &1( #/"( +"*1( 7"6"( #*8"'( 1&6(

%-"'#%1%$*#%&'>( O'( <*2( =&'( ,%#"L( *( .6&45( 7*,( &A,"6:"-( 16&2( P*25( ?( "*6+F(2&6'%'.L($6&,,%'.(#/"(<*2(=&'(*'-(7"6"(,""'( %'($+&,"(56&Q%2%#F( #&(*(.%AA&'(



!"#$%&'()*'#+',-*'!$./*'"*%#",*/'0.!-,.)!'1'!"#$%'#+'/#$20'/".)3.)!'41,*"'+"#5'

"#230' 16#)!' ,-*' 715' 8#)' 4-.6*' 2#5.)!' 9123' ,#' 215%&' :6*;1,.#)0' 4*"*' ,-*'

-.!-*0,'"*2#"/*/'+#"',-*'0%*2.*0'0.)2*',-*'9*!.)).)!'#+',-*'"*0*1"2-&'<66'0.!-,.)!0'

1"*'/*,1.6*/'.)'=196*'>'1)/'%"*0*),*/'#)'?.!$"*'@&':0,.51,*/'!"#$%')$59*"'.)'

=#)!312-*)!'0.,*'.0'A',#'>'1)/'.)'$%%*"'715'8#)'>',#'B&''

!

"#$%&!'C'D#$2'"*2#"/0'E0.!-,0F'/$".)!',-*'"*0*1"2-',.5*'E.)26$/.)!',"1)0*2,'41630'1)/'

#,-*"' #%%#",$).0,.2' /*,*2,.#)0F&'!"#$%& '(& )*+,-.& )*+& /0& 1"023*45$02& +$6$*+45& 6/#$7&

-8)*+,9:&;<+&/0&=<<$+&!*>&)"0&+$6$*+45&6/#$?&

'

!"#$"

%&'"

(&)*" +##,-.$&)*/" 01).)2-*"

3%"

&4/4145"

(*)&.1/"

6" "67""8&,"

69:";<"66476;=">""6?7:"@?<"7@4;AB="C"

6@7D"" ;"1#$*".$-.E.-2&1/"F"GH*$"/&G"#I/*,E*,/".$-.E.-2&1/"/'1.)"2'")#"J1**K"6"',#-2L*-"&$"&1&,%"

L&11"

@" 67""

8&,""

69:"@<"77476A=">""

6?7:"@6<"A4M7A="C"

6;@@"" A".$-.E.-2&1/"F"GH*$"/&G"#I/*,E*,/K"N,#2'"/'1.)"

2'".$"H&1J")#"J1**"

;" 6M""

8&,""

69:";<"664799=">""

6?7:"@?<"7@4;6A="C"

6@B@"" 0I#2)"67".$-.E.-2&1/4"O*,*"J**-.$N"#$"),**"

I*J#,*"$#).L.$N"#I/*,E*,/P")H*$"J1*-"&$-"',#-2L*"

&1&,%"L&11/"

A" 67"

8&,""

69:"@<"7?49DA=">""

6?7:"@?<";74M?7="C"

667@"" QM".$-.E.-2&1/4"O*,*"H.-.$N".$"),**"&I#E*"2/"J#,"

6R@"%.$/"I*J#,*")H*S"J1*-K"#$*"/)&S*-"H.-.$N"

1#$N*,"J#,"Q"B"%.$/"7" @?""

8&,"

69:";<"AB4;?;=">""

6?7:"@?<"774?AB="C"

6@B6"" Q;?".$-.E.-2&1/"F"J**-.$N"#$"),**P"-.-"$#)"$#).L*"

#I/*,E*,/4"

B" @?""

8&,""

69:";<"@94@6D=">""

6?7:"@?<"6D476B="C"

6?@;"" Q@7".$-.E.-2&1/4"(.-"$#)"$#).L*"#I/*,E*,/4"T,#2'"

/'1.)".$"H&1J"N#.$N".$")G#"#''#/.)*"-.,,*L).#$/P")H*"

#$*"N#.$N"&1#$N")H*"),&$/*L)"G&/"1&)*,"/.NH)*-"

&N&.$"3I*1#GK"!D5"

D" @?""

8&,""

69:";<";?477D=">""

6?7:"@?<"@M4779="C"

6?M?"" Q6?".$-.E.-2&1/4"U,**"H.-.$N"I*J#,*"J1*-"J,#%"

#I/*,E*,/K"V2E*$.1*"&1&,%"L&11/"H*&,-4"

9" @?""

8&,""

69:";<"@M4A7@=">""

6?7:"@?<"A94M7M="C"

6@9;"" Q@?W".$-.E.-2&1/4"(.JJ*,*$)"N,#2'"&/"&I#E*P"G&/"

/1**'.$N".$"),**"&I#E*"),&$/*L)P"J1*-"J,#%"#I/*,E*,/4"

M" @A""

8&,""

69:";<"@94MMA=">""

6?7:"@?<"A?47DA="C"

66D7"" X.NH)*-";".$-.E.-2&1/K",*/)"#J")H*"N,#2'"G&/"H*&,-"

V2%'.$N"&"1.))1*"J2,)H*,4"Y1*-"J,#%"),**"&I#E*"

#I/*,E*,/")H*$"/)#'"$#)"J&,"&G&S"G*,*")H*",*/)"#J"

)H*"N,#2'"G&/".$"&"J**-.$N"),**4"

6?" @A""

8&,"

69:";<"@D466@=">""

6?7:"@?<"@D47MB="C"

66?B"" Z,#I&I1S"/&%*"N,#2'"&/"&I#E*"G&/"/**$"&N&.$"

66" @B""

8&,"

69:"7<"@;4D?9=">""

6?7:"@?<"?4@B7="C"

6@AB"" >#"N,#2'"L#2$)4"X)&S*-".$"),**/"&,#2$-P"6"

.$-.E.-2&1"1##[.$N"&)"#I/*,E*,"

6@" @B""

8&,""

69:"7<"A;4@MB=">""

6?7:"6M<"A74D@6="C"

6A;B"" >#"N,#2'"L#2$)4"T,#2'"J1*-"J,#%"#I/*,E*,/P"

J**-.$N"/.N$/"#$")H*"N,#2$-4"UH*"/&%*"N,#2'"G&/"

1&)*,"/**$"&N&.$"&1#$N")H*"),&$/*L)K"',#-2L.$N"



!"#$%&!'&%&!(')&%%*'+,!'*"-"!&%'(./$0"*'

12' 34''

5&!'

167'89'8:32;<'=''

1;87'1>9'14:368<'?'

1@3>'' AB'./C.-.C$&%*:'D,("'+%"CE'*,("'F.C'./'0!""*'

1@' 34''

5&!'

167'89'B:B66<'=''

1;87'1>9'3B:;18<'?'

121;'' A3;G'./C.-.C$&%*:'H,$%C'I"'*&("'#!,$J'&*'&I,-":'

D,("'./C*'+%"CE',0F"!*'F.C'./'0!""*'I"+,!"'+%""./#'

18' 34''

5&!'

167'89'6:216<'=''

1;87'1>9'26:BB8<'?'

114>'' BK4'./C.-.C$&%*:'H,$%C'I"'*&("'#!,$J'&*'&I,-":'

L%&!(')&%%*'F"&!CM'+%"C'+!,(',I*"!-"!*'

1B' 36''

5&!'

167'89'33:68><'=''

1;87'319'13:41><'?'

1@6@'' =,'#!,$J'),$/0:'D.#F0',+'1:'

14' 3>''

5&!'

167'89'28:14@<'=''

1;87'1>9'1>:B38<'?'

1@1>'' =,'#!,$J'),$/0:'N%"C'+!,(',I*"!-"!*:'O++'

0!&/*")0E'I"0P""/'Q1R3'

16' 3>''

5&!''

167'89'2>:BB4<'=''

1;87'1>9'33:1>8<'?'

12@3'' =,'#!,$J'),$/0:'S!,I&I%T'*&("'#!,$J'&*'&I,-"M'

+%"C'+!,(',I*"!-"!*'

1>' 21''

5&!''

167'89'2>:B41<'=''

1;87'319'21:116<'?'

183>'' A18G'./C.-.C$&%*:'N.!*0'C"0")0"C'IT'0F".!'&%&!('

)&%%*:'1'U$-"/.%"'%,,V./#'&0',I*"!-"!*'+,!'&'+"P'

(./$0"*'P.0F'/,'!"&)0.,/'

3;' ;1''LJ!''

167'89'1>:483<'='1;87'3;9'3;:4@><'?'

1;4;' D.#F0"C'&0'H&(J3'./'0F"'(,!/./#E')!,**./#',-"!'0F"'=&('5,/'#,./#'0,P&!C'&'#.II,/'#!,$J'&%*,'

*.#F0"C'&0'0F"'*&("'0.("'

31' ;1''

LJ!''

167'89'3@:236<'=''

1;87'3;9'1B:@>;<'?'

112@'' A38G'./C.-.C$&%*:'N.!*0'C"0")0"C'IT'&%&!(')&%%*'

33' ;1''

LJ!'

167'89'@2:3;3<'=''

1;87'1>9'@4:3>6<'?'

12>;'' =,'#!,$J'),$/0:'N%"C'+!,(',I*"!-"!*'

32' ;3''

LJ!''

167'89'8:466<'=''

1;87'1>9'1B:111<'?'

1@2>'' AB'./C.-.C$&%*:'N%"C'+!,(',I*"!-"!*:'W&0"!'*.#F0',+'

1'%,/"'./C.-.C$&%'&I,-"'$*'J!,I&I%T'J&!0',+'0F"'

*&("'#!,$J'

3@' ;3''LJ!'

167'89'>:143<'=''1;87'1>9'@@:228<'?'

118>'' A1;'./C.-.C$&%*:'X.C.'/,0'/,0.)"',I*"!-"!*M'),$%C'I"'*&("'#!,$J'&*'&I,-"'YZ['

38' ;2''

LJ!''

167'89'14:141<'=''

1;87'3;9'2B:>63<'?'

1333'' 2'*.#F0"CM'*(&%%'#!,$J:'N%"C'+!,(',I*"!-"!*'

3B' ;2''

LJ!'

167'@9'@>:;;@<'=''

1;87'3;9'14:42B<'?'

1;;@'' AB'./C.-.C$&%*:'X.C'/,0'*""',I*"!-"!*M'+""C./#',/'

%"&-"*:'O++'0!&/*")0'!



!

!"#$%&'()'"#$#%$&'(!)*&+,$&(+*-!'.!/'0%*!/01&(+!$12(*#%$!3245*!)&(%40/&(+!$,#!6!

1#7#2$*!'.!#2%,!$12(*#%$-!2(/!'$,#1!2%$&8&$&#*!&(!9'(+52%,#(+!2(/!077#1!:2;!

<'(!1#*#21%,!*&$#*=!!"#$%&'()*$+,&-'.-/0#$&#1$&/1+"'"2"3-/02&"+.$+&"4&#1$&

$'/"('#$+,5!

!

*+$,-&%.'/-",&01-&&2&3'#"44+.'5"#$%&'(&!&)*) 6'

>&??'(*!3#1#!*&+,$#/!'(!@@!/&..#1#($!'%%2*&'(*!.'1!$,#!$3'!*&$#*!%';?&(#/A!B!&(!

9'(+52%,#(+!2(/!6! &(!077#1!:2;!<'(=!C(!$,#!DD!<21%,E! $3'!/&..#1#($!+1'07*!

3#1#! *&+,$#/! %'(*#%0$&8#4F! &(! 8#1F! %4'*#! 71'G&;&$FH! 3,&4#! '(#! +1'07! 32*!

$128#44&(+!$,1'0+,!$,#!%2('7FE!$,#!'$,#1!+1'07!32*!.##/&(+!&(!'(#!$1##E!2!;'$,#1!

3&$,! &$*! &(.2($! )2?'0$!IJK!;'($,*!'4/E!%'(*&/#1&(+!&$*! .01! %'4'12$&'(!32*! &(!$,#!

71'%#**!'.!%,2(+&(+!.1';!F#44'3!$'!?42%5-=!>1'07!*&L#!12(+#/!.1';!@!&(/&8&/024!

)4'(#!;24#-!$'!M!&(/&8&/024*!)$F7&%244FE!2/04$!.#;24#!3&$,!&(.2($E!2/04$!;24#E!$3'!

?42%5! N08#(&4#*-=!O,#(! 1#%'1/&(+!;'1(&(+! %244*! .1';!%2;7*E! &$!32*! ('$#/!$,2$!

*';#!+1'07*!3#1#! &(!%4'*#!71'G&;&$F=! P'7042$&'(!'.!+&??'(*! &(! $,#! 21#2! *##;!

/#(*#=! Q&(%#! '(4F! 2! .#3! +1'07*! 3#1#! ,#21/! *&(+&(+! #8#1F! ;'1(&(+! 2(/! $,2$!



!"#$%&"'()* '+* %,--)* ,#$* %'./"($!* +'#* &0$* &'&,-"&1* '+* &0$* #$)$,#%0* 2$#"'!3* "&* ")*

!"++"%4-&*&'*5('6*"+*).,--*%0,(7$)*"(*!"#$%&"'(*'+*%,--)*"(8'-8$!*!"++$#$(&*7#'42*'#*

),.$* 7#'42)* 2#$8"'4)-1* 0$,#!9* :,--*6$#$* &12"%,--1* 0$,#!* "(* &0$*.'#("(7* +#'.*

;<0=>*,.*?/$+'#$*)4(#")$@*&'*;A0=>*,.B*0'6$8$#*'(*,*+$6*'%%,)"'()*%,--)*6$#$*

0$,#!*-,&$#*"(*&0$*!,1*,&*C>0>D3*CC0<E3*CF0=E9**

*

!

"#$%&'! ()! G$&$%&"'(* ?)"70&"(7)* H* %,--)@* '+* 7"//'()* !4#"(7* &#,()$%&* 6,-5)*

?"(%-4!"(7* &0$* =* #$2$,&)*'+*$,%0* &#,()$%&@* ,(!* '&0$#*,%&"8"&"$)* "(*I'(75,%0$(7*

,(!* 422$#*J,.*K'(* #$)$,#%0* )"&$)9* LL!"#$% #&'#% ($)*#&% "+% #&$%',,"-.% /"$.%)"#%

,$0,$.$)#% ,$('#12$% /1.#')3$% "+% #&$% *,"40.5% -&$)% 6% ',,"-.% 0"1)#% 1)% #&$% .'7$%

/1,$3#1")%1.%-&$)%6%*,"40.%-$,$%&$',/%.1)*1)*%'#%#&$%.'7$%#17$8%")$%3(".$,%#"%#&$%

"#&$,9!!

!

!



!"#$%&'!()!!"#$%&"'()'*)+",,'()%-../)0$-#!)*#'1)%-12/)-(!)2-&#'.)/3,/&-&"'(4))

!"#$%&'($)&*+,$-#+")&./0&1$,2&0+3+4/,&#"&")$&5,$1+"6042&,$-",*$*7&8&*+*&)"#&#/9$&+#&

+)#"& /--"6)#7& 4+9$42& -"3+):& ;,"3&#($& 0/3$&:+<<")& :,"65&==& >)42&#."&)+:(#0&.$,$&

05$)#&/#&#($&06<0#/#+")&0"&*+,$-#+")0&";&:+<<")&-/440&3/2&)"#&<$&$?(/60#+1$@!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

!

*+,-./$#,01!23%#&&'+!4"#$%&#!'()*+*, 5!



!"#$%&'(#)*+,-.(//0",+10/0+20*0$*02+3)+45+2(660/0)*+3$$#,(3),+63/+*70+*13+,(*0,+

$389()02:+;+()+<3)'%#$70)'+#)2+=>+()+.??0/+@#8+A3)B+C*+1#,+83,*"D+70#/2+E=F+

*(80,G+1(*7+3)"D+H+,('7*()',+()+.??0/+@#8+A3)+,(*0B+I""+/0$3/2,+#/0+?/0,0)*02+3)+

J('./0+;B+

+

I,+ ?/0K(3.,"D+ #"/0#2D+ /0?3/*02+ 9D+ K(""#'0/,+ 6/38+ !#)+ A#%6.0)'L+ K(""#'0/,+

()*0/K(0102+,#(2+*7#*+*70/0+#/0+*13+2(660/0)*+63/8+36+9"#$%&'(#)*+,-.(//0",:+3)0+

"#/'0+E.?+ *3+M%',G+1(*7+17(*0+$70,*+#)2+ 3)0+ ,8#""0/+ E.?+ *3+4%',G+1(*7+ D0""31+

$70,*B+

!

"#$%&'! ()!N0*0$*(3)+E,('7*()',+O+$#"",G+36+9"#$%&'(#)*+,-.(//0",+E !"#$%"&'()*+*, G+2./()'+ */#),0$*+ 1#"%,+ E()$".2()'+ *70+ M+ /0?0#*,+ 36+ 0#$7+ */#),0$*G+ #)2+ 3*70/+

#$*(K(*(0,+ ()+<3)'%#$70)'+#)2+ .??0/+@#8+A3)+ /0,0#/$7+ ,(*0,B+-*#./&0(12#0&",.&

(34()"#.4&5(#2&6 ! 7&*3&#2.&8"9:"

!

!



!"#$%&''())

!"#$% &'()*% '+,% -.'&&% $"(+/0&&-% 1*(*% ,*#*2#*,% ,3(0+)% #$*% -#3,4%5*(0",6% 78% #$*%

&'()*% $"(+/0&&-9% "+&4% #$*% #*+"*(,$-./-0) 1"#$%&''% !"#$%&'( )*+,-$)'*':% 1'-%

0,*+#080*,;%."-#%,*#*2#0"+-%"8%&'()*%$"(+/0&&-%1*(*%.',*%8(".%#$*0(%2$'('2#*(0-#02%

2'&&-%<-0.0&'(%2'&&%5(",32*,%/4%'&&%&'()*%$"(+/0&&%-5*20*-:9%-".*%"#$*(%,*#*2#0"+-%

"8% &'()*% $"(+/0&&% #$'#% 0+="&=*,% -0)$#0+)% ,0,% +"#% '&&"1% 0,*+#0802'#0"+% '#% -5*20*-%

&*=*&%,3*%#"%(*,32*,%=0-0/0&0#46%>$*%(38"3-?+*2@*,%$"(+/0&&%-**.-%$"1*=*(%#"%/*%

,".0+'+#%0+%/"#$%-0#*-6%A'()*%$"(+/0&&%,*#*2#0"+-%'(*%5(*-*+#*,%0+%B0)3(*%C6%A'()*%

$"(+/0&&-%1*(*%'&-"%$*'(,%'+,D"(%-0)$#*,%8(".%/"#$%2'.5-6%%

%

78% #$*% -.'&&% $"(+/0&&-9% "+&4% #$*% %#"2$) 1"#$%&'') 3 ")&%%.*)/'( 0*#1$--*2% 1'-%

,*#*2#*,%/"#$%8(".%-0)$#-%'+,%8(".%#$*0(%2$'('2#*(0-#02%2'&&%3+0E3*%#"%#$*%-5*20*-6%

>$*% -5*20*-% -**.-%=*(4% 2".."+% 0+%/"#$% -0#*-6% F&&% /("1+%$"(+/0&&%(*2"(,-% '(*%

5(*-*+#*,% "+%B0)3(*% GH6%!("1+%$"(+/0&&% )("35-%1*(*%'&-"%$*'(,% 8(".%I'.5J9%

'/"=*%2'.56%%

%



!

!"#$%&'()'"#$#%$&'(!)*&+,$&(+*!-(.!%-//*0!'1!/-2+#!,'2(3&//!*4#%&#*!.52&(+!$2-(*#%$!

6-/7*! )&(%/5.&(+! $,#! 8! 2#4#-$*! '1! #-%,! $2-(*#%$0! -(.! '$,#2! -%$&9&$&#*! &(!

:'(+7-%,#(+!-(.!544#2!;-<!='(!2#*#-2%,!*&$#*>'



!"#$%&'! ()*! !"#"$#%&'( )*%+,#%'+*( -'.( $-//*0( &1( 23&4'( ,&3'2%//( .53%'+( #3-'*"$#(

4-/6*( )%'$/5.%'+( #,"( 7( 3"8"-#*( &1( "-$,( #3-'*"$#0( -'.( &#,"3( -$#%9%#%"*( %'(

:&'+6-$,"'+(-'.(588"3(;-<(=&'(3"*"-3$,(*%#"*>!

!

!

+,-'&!./&$'!0/00/.1!2','3,'2!!

?'(:&'+6-$,"'+(*%#"@(

A B-<2-3(.""3()#3-$6*C(.3&88%'+*C(1"".%'+(*%+'*@(#3""(2-360(

A =5'#D-$(*88()#3-$6*C(.3&88%'+*C(-/<&*#(.-%/E($-//*(-'.F&3(*"9"3-/(#%<"*(8"3(

.-E0(

o G".(<5'#D-$()*%+,#0(

o H-3+"(-'#/"3".(<5'#D-$()$-//*C(*%+,#0(

o I''-<%#"(<5'#D-$()*%+,#0(

A B"3&4( ).3&88%'+*C( *%+,#( &1( J( %'.%9%.5-/( "*$-8%'+( 13&<( */""8%'+( *%+,#( &'( -(

3&$60(

A K%/.(8%+().5'+0(



! "#$%&'((&)*#+&,-./0&-12&31$+&,$%4'&-.&/%##5&

&

6.&7((#%&8$,&9-.&':/#;&

! 97./<$3&'((&)/%$34'=&2%-((:.>'=&$1,-'/&2$:1?&3$11'&$.2@-%&'#A#%$1&/:,#'&(#%&

2$?5&

o B#2&,7./<$3&)':>0/'5&

o C$%>#&$./1#%#2&,7./<$3&)3$115&

o D..$,:/#&,7./<$3&)':>0/5&

! E#%-+&)2%-((:.>'5&

! F:12&(:>&)':>0/'=&27.>=&.#'/'5&

! "#$%&'((&)*#+&,-./0&-12&31$+&,$%4'&-.&/%##5&

!

"#$#%&%'()!&)*!#)+',()-#)%&.!*&%&&

G0#&/+-&%#'#$%30&':/#'&A:':/#2&+#%#&30$%$3/#%:'#2&H?&2%?&#A#%>%##.&*-%#'/&+:/0&

'-,#&$%#$'&+:/0&7((#%&,-7./$:.&*-%#'/&2-,:.$/#2&H?&*#%.&'(#3:#'&$/&I&JKLLMN&&

G-.>4$30#.>&':/#&:'&30$%$3/#%:'#2&H?&1-3$1:'#2&1$%>#&>%$''1$.2'N&

DA#%$>#&$1/:/72#&-*&$11&+$?(-:./'&-A#%&/0#&'/72?&(#%:-2&+$'&JOKJ&,&$N'N1N&)%$.>#&

PQO!JRKK&,5N&DA#%$>#&/#,(#%$/7%#&+$'&JKNPST&,:.&U&OKNRST&,$V&$.2&$A#%$>#&

07,:2:/?&+$'&QWNLX&,:.&U&YLNWX&,$VN&&

&

D&/-/$1&-*&KY&A#>#/$/:-.&(-:./'&+#%#&'$,(1#2&)*-7%&-.&#$30&/%$.'#3/5N&

Z#/$:1#2&2$/$&3-11#3/#2&-.&A#>#/$/:-.&:'&.-/&(%#'#./#2&0#%#N&&

!

/0,#&%1!

G0#&-.1?&':>.&-*& /0%#$/&#.3-7./#%#2& :.&H-/0&%#'#$%30&':/#'&+$'&$.&-12&)IO&?%'5&07./#%& 3$,(& :.&7((#%&8$,&9-.&%#'#$%30& ':/#N&8-&'.$%#&1:.#'&-%&-/0#%&/0%#$/'&

+#%#& #.3-7./#%#2N& E-,#& *#+& A#%?& -12& [:#/.$,#'#& ':>.'& +#%#& '##.& -.& /%##'N&

B#,$:.'&-*&H:./7%-.>& )3N*N&\1$/#&J5&+#%#& '##.&$1-.>&]-7$?&9$%%-0& -.&/0#& 2$?&

+0:1#& /%$A#11:.>& /-& T$,(JN& G0#& '$,#& 2$?=& /0#& ($/%-11:.>& /#$,& )Y& (#-(1#5&

%#'(-.':H1#& *-%& G-.>4$30#.>@8$,&9-.&+$'&,#/̂ & /0#?& %#(-%/#2& /0$/& /0#?&0$2&

'##.&[:#/.$,#'#&(#-(1#&3-11#3/:.>&0-.#?&27%:.>&/0#:%&($/%-1&H7/&2:2&.-/&/$4#&$.?&

$3/:-.& $>$:.'/& /0#,& )/0#& %#$'-.& >:A#.& +$'& /0$/& -.#& -*& /0#& ,#,H#%& -*& /0#&($/%-11:.>& /#$,& +$'& ':34& $.2& :/& +-712& 0$A#& H##.& /-& 2:**:371/& /-& H%:.>& /0#&



!""#$%#&'()*+,(-!(-.#(/011*2#34(5.&#*-(#$+!6$-#&#%(*&#(&#7&#'#$-#%(!$(8026&#(99:(

*1-.!62.( $!-#( -.*-( "!&( 1!20'-0+( *$%( -0;#( +!$'-&*0$-'( &#*'!$( $!-( *11( -.#( "0&#'(

#$+!6$-#&#%(*1!$2(-.#(<*;(=!$(&0/#&(>#&#($!-#%4((

(

?#/#&*1( 7#!71#( +*;7'( !&( !1%( "0&#'(>#&#( .!>#/#&( #$+!6$-#&#%( *1!$2( -.#( <*;(

=!$(>.#$( -&*/#10$2( -!(*$%( "&!;(&#'#*&+.('0-#4(@$( &#-6&$A(B(%0""#&#$-( 2&!67(!"(

7#!71#( >#&#( #$+!6$-#&#%( *1!$2( -.#( <*;( =!$A( "0'.0$24( @$#( !"( -.#( 2&!67( CD(

7#!71#A( 0$+16%0$2( *( /011*2#( 26*&%( "&!;( E4( <*/*$23( +*&&0#%( *( 26$4( F( %!2(

*++!;7*$0#%(!$#(2&!674(F1-.!62.(7#!71#(+!;#(7&0$+07*11G("!&("0'.0$2A(!++*'0!$*1(

.6$-0$2( >0-.( '$*&#( -&*7'( *$%H!&( 26$( >.#$( 7&#'#$-( '6&#1G( !++6&4( I011*2#&'(

0$-#&/0#>#%( &#7!&-#%( &#261*&1G( 2!0$2( .6$-0$2( 0$( -.#( "!&#'-( C'##( $#J-( '#+-0!$34(

5.#(&#'#*&+.('0-#'(/0'0-#%('##;("*&(#$!62.("&!;(K*!(/011*2#'(*$%(-.#(I0#-$*;#'#(

)!&%#&( -!( )#( 7&!-#+-#%( *$%( &#;*0$( 0$.*)0-#%( %#$'#1G( )G( >01%10"#:( L*-&!110$2(

&#261*&1G( *1'!( !++6&( 0$( -.#( *&#*M( -.#&#( *&#( N( 7*-&!110$2( -#*;'( +!;7!'#%( !"(

/011*2#&'("&!;(E*$(<*/*$2(*$%(9(O=LF('-*""4(@$#(-#*;(0'(&#'7!$'0)1#("!&(<*;(

P.*#HQ!,*-0*!(*&#*A(>.01#(-.#( ->!( !-.#&'(*1-#&$*-#( #/#&G(;!$-.( -!(7*-&!1( -.#(

5!$2,*+.#$2H<*;(=!$(*&#*4(R*+.(7*-&!110$2(-&07(0'(9ST%*G(1!$24(O.01#(>#(>#&#(

)*+,(*-(E*$(<*/*$2A(>#(%0'+6''#%(>0-.(/011*2#&'(;#;)#&'(!"(-.#(7*-&!110$2(-#*;A(

'!;#(0''6#'(*)!6-(1*+,(!"(-&*0$0$2(-!(&#*%(;*7'(>*'(&*0'#%A(>.0+.(7&#/#$-(-.#(

-#*;(-!(;!%0"G(-.#0&(7*-&!1(&!6-#4(



!

!"#$%&'(("!#$%&'()!&*+,-*(&%&.!.-%/*0!($&!%&)&'%+$!)(-.1!/*!#,*02'+$&*0!'*.!

3'4!5,*!'%&')6!

!

"#$%&$$#'(!)#*+!,#--./01$!

7*(&%8/&9!,:!($&!($%&&!8/;;'0&%)!($'(!<'%(/+/<'(&.!/*!($&!%&)&'%+$!,++-%%&.!,*!($&!

.'1!=&:,%&!%&(-%*/*0!(,!>'*!3'8'*0!?@!5'%+$A!/*!($&!&8&*/*06!B*;1!,*&!,:!($&4!

?4&4=&%!,:!($&! 8/;;'0&C)! <'(%,;;/*0!(&'4!$'.!=&&*! /*!($&! %&)&'%+$!)/(&)!8/)/(&.!

=&:,%&A6!

!

D$&*!')2&!'=,-(!<%/4'(&)!&*+,-*(&%&.!/*!($&!'%&'!?:,%&)(!'%&')!9$&%&!($&1!'%&!

-)&.!(,!0,!(,A!($&1!4&*(/,*&."!

o @!)<&+/&)!,:!);,9!;,%/)&)!?-#(/!-'2A"!

E F!;'%0&!)<&+/&)G!0%&1!9/($!*,!='+2!)(%/<&!

E F!;'%0&!)<&+/&)G!0%&1!9/($!='+2!)(%/<&!

E F!)4';;!)<&+/&)G!%&.!9/($!H!='+2!)(%/<&)!



o !"#$%&'()"#*#+,-%*.!"#$%&'/*

o 0*%1"-2"%*+3*4255+(*.(#&%%/*.6+,7&"!(*8&27"*-&"")"#/*

o 9*%1"-2"%*+3*:'-';,"%*.)*&'/<*

$ !&"%,%*:'-';,"*.)*&'+&#,/*

$ =%%':"%"*:'-';,"*.)*&'+-".//*

$ 67,:1$7'2>"#*:'-';,"*.)*&'+0.+,*+"#&'?*>27"!'>@A*:'-';,"*827&*(+*7'2>/*

.8&"(* '%)"#* '5+,7* 124$7'2>"#*:'-';,"* B#"%-!2172+(* '(#* 12-7,!"* %&+8(C* 7&"@*

%'2#*7&"@*&'#*("D"!*%""(*7&2%*%1"-2"%/*

*

E&"(*'%)"#*'5+,7*&+!(52>>%*%1"-2"%A*7&"@*:"(72+("#*7&"*1!"%"(-"*+3<*

o F*>'!4"*&+!(52>>*%1"-2"%*2(*G+(4)'-&"(4HI':*J+(*%27"*.7&"*K!2"(7'>*

12"#*&+!(52>>*8'%*!"1+!7"#*7+*5"*+(>@*%""(*2(*I':*L&'"*'!"'/<*

$ 4!"'7*&+!(52>>*.&.!+!.!+&1#1 /*

$ !,3+,%*("-)"#*&+!(52>>*.&.!+!.!+!2+$%&'/*

o 0*%:'>>*&+!(52>>*%1"-2"%<*

$ 5!+8(*&+!(52>>*.&.!+,#+&.1 /*

*

G&"@*,%,'>>@*4+*2(7+*7&"*3+!"%7*9$M*72:"%*1"!*:+(7&A*4"("!'>>@*3+!*N9*#'@%*.,1*7+*

0O* #'@%A*5,7*:+!"* !'!">@/P*G&"@* D2%27* 3+!"%7* '!"'%*N0Q$FO):%* '8'@* 3!+:* 7&"*

D2>>'4"P* G&"@* 4+* 2(* 7&"* 3+!"%7* 3+!* 32%&2(4A* 32(#2(4* 8++#A* '(#* 7+* &,(7* .7&"@*

:"(72+("#*7&'7*23*7&"@*4+*7+*>++)*3+!*1'(4+>2(*'(#*7,!7>"%A*7&"@*7')"*&,(72(4*#+4%*

827&* 7&":*R*1'(4+>2(*'(#* 7,!7>"%* '!"* %+,4&7* 3+!* 7+*%">>* 7+*S2"7(':"%"?*0)4* +3*

1'(4+>2(*2%*8+!7&*0*:2>>2+(*)21P*G&"@*'>%+*,%"*%('!"*7+*&,(7?*7&"@*:+%7>@*-'7-&*

82>#*124%A*-2D"7%A*52!#%A*'(#*%+:"72:"%*:'-';,"%/*

*

E&"(* '%)"#* '5+,7*82>#>23"*1+1,>'72+(* 7!"(#%A* 7&"@* %'2#* 7&'7* '>>* %1"-2"%* &'D"*

#"-!"'%"#?*7&"*!"'%+(*7&"@*:"(72+("#*2%*&,(72(4*3+!*"'7*'(#*%'>"P*

*

G&"*:"'(2(4*+3*I'72+('>*T!+7"-7"#*=!"'*7+*7&":*2%*U7+*%'D"*"D"!@7&2(4A*82>#>23"*

'(#*7!""%VP*

*

E&"(* '%)"#* '5+,7* 7&"* -&'(4"* 2(* 7&"2!* >23"* %2(-"* "%7'5>2%&:"(7* +3*I')'2$I':*

G&",(*'%*IT=A*7&"@*%'2#*7&'7*5"3+!"A*27*8'%*#2332-,>7*7+*>2D"*2(*7&"*D2>>'4"A*:'2(>@*#,"*7+*>'-)*+3*3++#*.!2-"/*'(#*&'#*7+*8'>)*7+*W(+::'>'7&*7+*5,@*%+:"*3++#A*(+*



!"#$%&'"!()*+%!+$,-(.'/0(!1)2(1#3)()$'4,1("+5)0(!1)2(5#$(642(7''8(8+")5!92(+$(!1)(

3+99#,)(#$8(!1)2(5#$(4%)(!"#5!'"%('"(:'!'"6+;)%(7'"(!"#8+$,(+$(..<(3+99#,)%(#$8(

!1)2(5#$(%#3)(:'$)2-(

(

=1)$( #%;)8( #6'4!( =>?@( #5!+3+!+)%( +$( !1)( #")#0( !1)2( :)$!+'$)8( !1)( /#!)"(

&4:&%0(!1)(!"#5;(6)!/))$(3+99#,)%(A:#+$92(")9)3#$!(!'(!1):(+%(6)!/))$(.#3#$,(

#$8( .#1#'( #$8( .#1#'B<'$,( C#!D0( #,"+549!4")( +:&"'3):)$!%0( E9)5!"+5+!2( 7"':(

:+$+(128"'&'/)"(8#:0(/+989+7)(%4"3)2%(#$8(&#!"'99+$,(!)#:%-(

(

=1)$(#%;)8(+7( !1)2(1#8( $'!+5)8(#$2( 51#$,)( +$(!1)( "49)%0( !1)2(:)$!+'$)8( !1#!(

$'/( )#%+)"( !1#$( 6)7'")( A)*#:&9)0( +$( 5#%)( '7( '77)$5)( '7( !1)( 9#/0( !1)( 7+$)( 1#%(

")845)8( 7"':(F0GGG0GGG( ;+&( !'(HGG0GGG( ;+&D-(<1)2( #9%'( $'/( 1#3)(:'")( "49)%(

7"':(8+%!"+5!(#$8(=>?@-(

(

=1)$(#%;)8(#6'4!(+7(!1)2(7)9!(/+989+7)(#$8(!"))%(#")(!1")#!)$)80(!1)2(%#+8(!1)2(

7)9!(%#8(!1#!(/+989+7)(#")(8)5")#%+$,(#$8($'/(+!(+%(7'"()*#:&9)(8+77+549!(!'(7+$8(

/''8(7'"(64+98+$,(1'4%)%I(%&)5+)%(#")("#")(#$8(7#"-(

(

<1)2(%#+8(!1#!('4!%+8)"%(#")(%))$()3)"2(:'$!1(+$(!1)(3+99#,)I(!1)2(5':)(7"':(

J1#:;)4!(AK:'$,()!1+5(,"'4&D0(7"':(L+)!$#:('"(7"':(.#;#+0(5':+$,(!'(642(#$8(

%)99-(M$(!1)(7'")%!(!1)2(#9%'(%))('4!%+8)"%(7"':(!1)(%#:)(&9#5)%-(

(

!"#$%%"&'()*$&+,(

@%( :):6)"%( '7( !1)( N-( .#3#$,( ?#!"'99+$,( !)#:( %!")%%)8( +!0( !"#+$+$,( '$( :#&(

")#8+$,(#$8(O?P(4%)(%1'498(6)(,+3)$(!'(#99(!)#:(:):6)"%(+$('"8)"(7'"(!1):(!'(

&9#$()#51('7(!1)+"(&#!"'99+$,(!"+&(#$8("),49#"92(3+%+!($)/(#")#%-(

(

M!( +%( /'""2+$,( !1#!( %':)( '7( !1)( :):6)"%( '7( !1)( &#!"'99+$,( !)#:( !1):%)93)%(

'&)$92(!#9;(#6'4!("),49#"92(14$!+$,(/+!1(%$#")%(#$8(8',%(#$8(%)99+$,(!1)(/+989+7)(

!'( L+)!$#:)%)-( >):6)"%( '7( !1)( &#!"'99+$,( !)#:%( %1'498( 6)( :'")( 5#")74992(

+8)$!+7+)8( #$8Q'"( /)99( )845#!)8( #6'4!( /+989+7)( 5'$%)"3#!+'$( !1"'4,1( RSR@(

#5!+3+!+)%-(

(



!"#$%&'($) #(*+',$) %-#.) #/') 012) $/.",&) 3') 4.(') 5*('6",,7) 5.-#(.,,'&) *-&) 5/'58)

9/*#):..&$)#/'7)$',,)*-&)3"7)6(.4)+%,,*:'($;))

)

1*#(.,,%-:) #'*4$) $/.",&) /*+') *) $#*-&*(&) *5#%.-) <,*-) #.) 6.,,.9) 9/'-'+'()

'-5."-#'(%-:) .66'-&'($=) #/%$) 5.",&) *+.%&) ,'*+%-:) #/') .66'-&'($) :.) 6('') $"5/)

/*<<'-'&)#/%$)#%4')&"(%-:)#/'),*$#)<*#(.,,%-:)#(%<)%-)0*4)>.-)*('*;)

)

!"#$%#&'#(#'&)*&+'#,-*.%&'#+*')%&(*'&*)/#'&'#0*11#23$)-*2%&)/$)&$++"4&/#'#5&

)

)

!"#$%&'()*)#+$+",#&-".)#&$+&/0'1&,22"3)&

&

?/%$)#(%<)3'%-:)#/'),*$#).-').6)#/')('$'*(5/@)*)6%-*,)<('$'-#*#%.-)#.)&'$5(%3')#/')

('$'*(5/A$)4'#/.&.,.:7@)<(',%4%-*(7)('$",#$)*-&):%+'):'-'(*,)('5.44'-&*#%.-$)

9*$):%+'-).-)#/')B#/)2<(%,)*#)C>12).66%5'@)D*-)!"&.4$."8;)E'*&).6)*,,)$'5#%.-$)

9'(')%-+%#'&)#.)*##'-&;)C>12A$)&%('5#.(@)>(;)1/."#/.-'@)9*$)$.((7)6.()-.#)3'%-:)

*3,') #.) *##'-&) &"') #.) .#/'() 4''#%-:) .3,%:*#%.-$@) /.9'+'() /') 9%,,) :*#/'() *)

$"44*(7) .6) #/') <('$'-#*#%.-) 6(.4) &'<"#7) &%('5#.()*-&) /'*&) .6)<*#(.,,%-:) *-&)

,*9) '-6.(5'4'-#) $'5#%.-@) >(;) F."8/*#/*@) 9/.) *##'-&'&;) 23."#) GH) <'($.-$)

*##'-&'&)#/')<('$'-#*#%.-;)?/')<('$'-#*#%.-)9*$):%+'-)%-)I-:,%$/)*-&)9*$)#/'-)

#(*-$,*#'&) 37) >(;) J/*-#/*,*</.-';) K%-*,) <('$'-#*#%.-) 1.9'(1.%-#) $,%&'$) *(')

<('$'-#'&)%-)2<<'-&%L)M;)

)

E%:/,%:/#$).6)#/')<('$'-#*#%.-N))

I*5/) *('*$) +%$%#'&) 9'(') &%$5"$$'&) %-) #'(4$) .6) 9%,&,%6') &'#'5#'&) *-&) #/('*#)

'-5."-#'('&;)

O%+'-) #/') &*#*) 5.,,'5#'&@) $.4') <(%.(%#7) *('*$) *(') %&'-#%6%'&@) 9/'(') <*#(.,,%-:)

'66.(#$)$/.",&)6.5"$N)

PQR)0*4)J/*'ST.8*#%*.SE."*7)?.-:SE."*7)F*-*<)

PGR)?.-:8*5/'-:S0*4)>.-)

PUR)?.-:)V'#)

W ?.:'#/'()#/'$')*('*$)4*7)('#*%-)*,,)#/')/%$#.(%5*,)9%,&,%6').6) #/')012)P*#)#/')

'L5'<#%.-) .6)#%:'($) 9/%5/)4*7) 3')'L#%-5#) 6(.4) #/') *('*R)X) ?/'$')*('*$)*(')

$#%,,)(%5/)%-)9%,&,%6')3"#)6.()$.4')P%-)<*(#%5",*()?.-:)V'#R)/"-#%-:)<('$$"(')%$)

+'(7)/%:/)P#/'(')%$)-.)<*#(.,,%-:)5"(('-#,7)%-)<,*5')%-)?.-:)V'#R)



! "#$%&'(%)*+%,'*(-.#/*&0*#-1#2*3%4#56-1#2*3%7*5*8%9#5&062#2:%*$(*%!%*%

!"#$%&'()*$+'&',)- %:'#2;<%=(%=20;&%*;#56%&'(%1#2*3%7*5*8-)*+%>*56%?'09'%

?#2;<%*;;#?%(*:3%*99(::%&#%)*+%,'*(-.#/*&0*#%&#%&'(%5#$&'%*5<%1#2*3%4#56%

&#%&'(%:#2&'@%4'0:%9#5&062#2:%*$(*%#A%:(+0!(B($6$((5%*5<%805(%A#$(:&%0:%:&0;;%

*=25<*5&%05%?0;<;0A(%=2&%92$$(5&;3%5#%8*&$#;;056%#992$:%05%1#2*3%4#56%*$(*@%

125&056%?*:%A#25<%&#%=(%05&(5:0B(%05%&'(%;*&($%*$(*C%+*05;3%8$*9&09(<%=3%D*#%

B0;;*6($:%A$#+%:2$$#25<056%B0;;*6(:@%

! 4'0:%8*&$#;%:&*&0#5%?#2;<%*;:#%*9&%*% ."/"&(01$+'&',)-%A#$%?0;<;0A(%$(:(*$9'%

=3%D*#%:&2<(5&%#$%D*#%*5<%A#$(065%=0#;#60:&:@%E&%?*:%<0:92::(<%&'*&%FGHI%0:%

;##/056% *&%9#;;*=#$*&0#5:% &#%=$056%05% +#$(%(J&($5*;%:&2<(5&:% #$%(J8($&:% A#$%

$(:(*$9'@%)#&*=;3C%*%9#;;*=#$*&0#5%?0&'%&'(%)*&0#5*;%K50B($:0&3%#A%D*#:%?*:%

+(5&0#5(<@%%

! 4'0:%L(:(*$9'%7&*&0#5-H*&$#;;056%:2=:&*&0#5%?#2;<%'*B(%&'(%*<B(5&*6(%&#%=(%

B($3%(*:0;3%*99(::0=;(%<0$(9&;3%=3%=#*&%A$#+%M*5%N2<#+:#2/@%

! E% +(5&0#5(<% &'*&% *&% &'(% (5<% #A% +3% H'OC% E% 05&(5<% &#% 9#+(% =*9/% &#% 9#5<29&%

+#$(%:&2<3%#5%&'(%$(<!:'*5/(<%<#29%*5<%&'(%1#2*3%4#56%*$(*%?#2;<%=(%&'(%

=(:&%8;*9(%&#%9#5<29&%+3%$(:(*$9'%60B(5%&'(%(*:3%*99(::C%&($$*05%*5<%&'(%A*9&%

&'*&%B0;;*6($:%A$#+%&'(%5(*$(:&%B0;;*6(%PM@%G*/A2(56Q%:((+:%&#%'*B(%$(;060#2:%

$(:&$09&0#5:%&#%9#5:2+(%*53%8$0+*&(%:8(90(:R%4'0:%0:%*;:#%*5%*$(*%?'($(%&'(%

<#29:%:((+(<%;(::%:'3%&#%'2+*5%8$(:(59(@%

! O$@% ,'*5&'*B3% P9#5:2;&*5&% 92$$(5&;3% ?#$/056% #5% 28<*&056% &'(% 7#90*;% *5<%

S5B0$#5+(5&*;% G*5*6(+(5&% "$*+(?#$/% *5<% N8($*&0#5% H;*5% T7SG"NHUQ%

?#2;<%;0/(%&#%:((%*%9#;;*=#$*&0#5%?0&'%+3:(;A%05%&'(%A2&2$(%

! G$@% 7#2/'*&'*% PFGHI% O(82&3% O0$(9&#$% *5<% 1(*<% #A% H*&$#;;056% *5<% D*?%

S5A#$9(+(5&% K50&Q% :*0<% &'*&% &'(% <*&*% 9#;;(9&(<% &'$#26'% +3% $(:(*$9'% *5<%

$(8#$&:%?$0&&(5%?0;;%=(%B($3%2:(A2;%A#$%A2&2$(%+*5*6(+(5&%8;*55056%*5<%&#%

&'(% ,#++250&3% N2&$(*9'% *5<% ,#5:($B*&0#5% I?*$(5(::% P,N,IQ% :(9&0#5V%

*9&0B0&0(:% 8;*55056@% 1(% *:/(<% +(% &#% 8$(8*$(% *% IW% 8#:&($% ?0&'% +*8:% #A% *;;%

*$(*:% B0:0&(<% :'#?056% *;;% &'(% &'$(*&:% 05% #$<($% &#% 2:(% &'(% <*&*% &#% 8;*5%

8*&$#;;056%$#2&(:@%4'(%8#:&($%?0;;%:'#$&;3%=(%8$(8*$(<%*5<%:(5&%&#%FGHI%A#$%

8$05&056@%

%

%%



!"#$%& '!" #$%&'()*" &+,)-".'($-/" 0$)1." &($2" $-"34-/,+%5)-/" +-." 6+7"84-" +()+*9" 8+(%5:;2($1" <=><?" ;11"

2$%&'()*"@"A+7$11)"6?B?"A4'.(+&?"

"

"

"""""""""""""""""""""" "

C$-&'(4-/"()7+$-*"*))-"+14-/"D4'+E"8+((45" " " F1."G$)&-+7)*)"7+(,*"4-"&())*"

"""""" "

;H+-.4-)."24+%5)("%+72"+14-/"&5)"6+7"84-"



!

"#$%&#!'()*+#,-!.+/*#!0+##1#2!3/44(-!567!8/1/9!/-!:(-31%0+#-3!8/*#!

!

"#$%&#!'()*+#,-!.+/*#!0+##1#2!3/44(-!567!8/1/9!./*+!/-;%-*!/-!6%$!<(-!8/*#!

!



!

"#$%&'()$&!*+,'&--&.!/0'/0*-&!1!"#$%&'"(')*&+,,"2!&%30#%/&'&.!($0%4!/'(%-&3/!5($6!*%!7(+!80%!-*/&9!

8($&!'#:0#-!%&36&.!;0'%)*$$!

<'05%!;0'%)*$$!



!

!!!!!!! !!

!!!!!! !"#$$%&%'(!#')#*#)+,-.!$&/0!.,0%!1&/+2!/$!3..,0%.%!0,4,5+%.6!7/(%!(8%!(92#4,-!48,&,4(%&#.(#4!

0/&28/-/19!/$!(8%!:/((/0;-%$(!!0,-%!#')#*#)+,-!!

!

!

!



!

!!

!!!!!! !"#$%&'()*#$!$+,-&!.'+/+01(.'#$!21+3!$422#1#)/!01+,.!#)-+,)/#1&!

!



!"##$%&'(!%)#'*$+!,&-.'!!

!

!

!

!/#(!01!'.(!1(23%0#'.!045!6($7!+4$2!%$78!,((#!5)7&#-!'.(!,')59!



!"#$%&'()*(+,-,).+,/(01%"*(+,23*,4(5#36%76%8(9#%,(

:;<<.:;<:(

!"#$%%&'()'*)'!+,-."/=(>?@3#8(A#33-%'(B*)$%#')6&(

C)61'!0"1/0"%"20+1&'("1/0"3+14=(CD59(

9E#)4(:;<:(

F3*6%*6(

GH G*6#38"723*(63(+,-,)(+,/(01%"*(+59(I)38)$%#')6&(

<H J%K)3*,4(,*8(L43I,4(G/E3#6,*7%(

:H D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GGH

D&(#%'%,#71(<H >IN%72$%'(,*8(,)/'(

:H D%6138343K&(

OH 5#%4)/)*,#&(#%'"46'((

PH +%?6(,*,4&')'(Q('6%E'(

RH 5#%4)/)*,#&(73*74"')3*'(

GGGH J%73//%*8,23*'(

(

(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63((

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

• S,#)%6&(3@(1,I)6,6'(,*8(,426"8)*,4(#,*K%T(UR;;.<V;;(/(,H'H4H((

• ++0(1348'(61%(1)K1%'6(8)$%#')6&(3@(I361(I)#8'(,*8(/,//,4'(#%73#8%8()*(,*&(E#36%76%8(,#%,()*(W,3'((

• ++0()'(13/%(63(61%(#,#%'6(,*8(/3'6(1)K14&(61#%,6%*%8('E%7)%'(3@(I)#8'(,*8(/,//,4'()*(!3"61.X,'6(9'),T((

- 9I3"6(PO;('E%7)%'(3@(I)#8'(Y<Z:R61(3@(61%([3#48\'(I)#8('E%7)%'(]]]^((

!(61%(1)K1%'6(*"/I%#(#%73#8%8()*(,(')*K4%(E#36%76%8(,#%,()*(!3"61.X,'6(9'),(((

- !3/%(3@(61%(4,'6(/,//,4(8)'73$%#%8(3#(#%8)'73$%#%8(,*8(%*8%/)7(63(61%(9**,/)6%(/3"*6,)*(#,*K%=(,#%(@3"*8()*(++0T((

( (F#)27,44&(X*8,*K%#%8(!,34,(Y!"#$%&'()*+,-#.+-#+"/" ^(

( (X*8,*K%#%8(W,#K%(9*64%#%8(D"*6N,7(Y0$+.12$"*3$4$1+,#+"/" ^(

( (_,6,(_% 7̀)%*6(9**,/)6%(!6#)E%8(J,II)6(Y5#"&61,$"*.77/+"/ ^(

( (_,6,(_% 7̀)%*6(9**,/)6%(/"*6N,7(Y0$+.12$"*8'$&+,"&+#+"/"9 (

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

a"'6(63(*,/%(,(@%[(K43I,44&(61#%,6%*%8('E%7)%'(@3"*8()*(++0b(

5$%-'6"/7T(S"4*%#,I4%(D,#I4%8(F,6(Y!1'%&:#6/"*71'7&'181̂ =(S"4*%#,I4%(F43"8%8(W%3E,#8(Y!1'%&:#6/"*+#;$6&"1̂ =(+%,#(01#%,6%*%8(9'),27(L348%*(F,6(Y<18&=$71*8#77/+2>/ ̂=(+%,#(01#%,6%*%8(W%3E,#8(Y!1+8-#'1*=1'%$"̂ (,*8(X*8,*K%#%8(0)K%#(Y!1+8-#'1*.,'/"̂ (

8%&20"1/7(Y?6#=-1"*71)/7$"^(

9&".7T(S"4*%#,I4%(9'),*(A4,7-(A%,#(Y@'"$"*8-/;#81+$"̂ (,*8(S"4*%#,I4%(!"*(A%,#(Y@A*7161(1+$"̂ (

:.$#"/&7;'S"4*%#,I4%(5&K/&(!43[(W3#)'(Y5(2.2#;$"*=(7#1$"^=(S"4*%#,I4%(A%*K,4(!43[(W3#)'(Y5A*;#+,16#+"/"̂ =(W%,'6(F3*7%#*(J1%'"'(D,7,c"%(Y012121*7$61B1^=(+%,#(01#%,6%*%8(9'',/%'%(D,7,c"%(Y0A*1""17#+"/"^=(S"4*%#,I4%(5)K.0,)4%8(D,7,c"%(Y0A*6#&+/+1^=(S"4*%#,I4%(A%,#(D,7,c"%(Y3#(!6"/E.0,)4%8(D,7,c"%^(Y0A*1'28&/%#"̂ =(X*8,*K%#%8(J%8.!1,*-%8(_3"7(Y!(,18-'/)*+#71#$"̂ =(X*8,*K%#%8(!3"61%#*(C1)6%(F1%%-%8(L)II3*(Y5&71"2$"*"/>/ ̂ =(X*8,*K%#%8(d,2*1(4,*K"#(YC'12-(=/8-#2$"*D:A9*-1.+-#+"/"̂ (

:"14+%$17 T(X*8,*K%#%8(!"*8,(5,*K34)*(Y01+/"*E1F1+/21^(,*8(X*8,*K%#%8(F1)*%'%(5,*K34)*(Y01+/"*=#+81%128(61̂ ((

<14,%"/&7T(F#)27,44&(X*8,*K%#%8(!,34,(Y!"#$%&'()*+,-#.+-#+"/"̂ =(X*8,*K%#%8(W,#K%(9*64%#%8(D"*6N,7(Y0$+.12$"*3$4$1+,#+"/"̂ =(S"4*%#,I4%(!,/I,#(8%%#(Y<#'F$"*$+/2&6&' ̂=(S"4*%#,I4%(L,"#(YG&"*,1$'$"̂ =(+%,#(01#%,6%*%8(!3"61%#*(!%#3[(Y51#7&'-#%$"*"$718'1#+"/"̂ (

(

9$.-7;(<<(01#%,6%*%8(,*8(:V(+%,#.61#%,6%*%8(I)#8('E%7)%'((

(

(

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

• _GBJ+9W(5JGD90X!(Y/3*-%&'(,*8(,E%'^(

• A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4(

• d3#*I)44('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

!""#$%&'(&)(*&$!+(",#-#$.!.&/$(0&1#$(!.(23"!(/**&4#(/$(5(!",&+(6786



A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4((

H18$:1*;/2&6&'*

GBF+(+%,#(01#%,6%*%8((

FG0X!(9EE%*8)?(GG*

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

J"@3"'.+%7-%8(d3#*I)44((

I2#'&"*+/=16#+"/"*

=<!('>,%1&."?%&''

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

A#3[*(d3#*I)44((

I+&''-/+$"*.2>#66/ (

=<!('(&".'@0.&"/&1&-'''

L#%,6(d3#*I)44((

G$2#'&"*;/2&'+/"*

=<!(!(&".'@0.&"/&1&-''

e)$%('E%7)%'(3@(d>J+AGWW!()*(++0(

C#%,61%8(13#*I)44(

I2#'&"*$+%$618$"*

J@<5*K#1"8*C-'#18#+#%*

>#)%*6,4(E)%8(13#*I)44(

I+8-'12&2#'&"*16;/'&"8'/"*

GBF+(W%,'6(F3*7%#*%8(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

($1&('E%7)%'(3@(:A=BC@8D()*(++0(

(

• :('43[(43#)'('E%7)%'(

• P(/,7,c"%('E%7)%'((

• <(K)II3*('E%7)%'((

• <(83"7('E%7)%'(

• <(4,*K"#('E%7)%'(

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

:('43[(43#)'('E%7)%'(5&K/&('43[(43#)' ( ( ( ( ( ( ( ( (A%*K,4('43[(43#)'(5(2.2#;$"*=(71#$" * * * * * * * * * *5(2.2#;$"*;#+,16#+"/"*

=<!('>,%'E'!=@8D'C22'= ' ' ' ' ' ' '''''=<!('>,%'E'!=@8D'C22'='

(

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

P(/,7,c"%('E%7)%'(Y012121*"==^((

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

!6"/E.6,)4%8(/,7,c"%(0A*1'28&/%#"*

=<!('>,%'E'!=@8D'C22'=='J1%'"'(D,7,c"%(0A*0$61B1*

=<!('F!'E'!=@8D'C22'=='

+3#61%#*(E)K.6,)4%8(/,7,c"%(0A*6#&+/+1*

=<!('>,%'E'!=@8D'C22'=='

9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%(0A*1""17#+"/"*

=<!('(@'E'!=@8D'C22'=='

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

<(K)II3*('E%7)%'(

(!3"61%#*([1)6%.71%%-%8(K)II3*(

5&71"2$"*"/>/*

=<!('81'E'!=@8D'C22'='((

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

♀( ♂(e"#(7343#,23*(71,*K%((

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(



GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

<(83"7('E%7)%'((

J%8.'1,*-%8(83"7(

!(,18-'/)*+#71#$"*

=<!('81'E'!=@8D'C22'='

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

G)'H'!)'D+017'F3"8#,6(%6(,4H=(:;<:(

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

<(4,*K"#('E%7)%'((

d,2*1(4,*K"#(C'12-(=/8-#2$"*D:A9*-1.+-#+"/"*

=<!('81'E'!=@8D'C22'='

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

I5B:C'

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<(4,*K"#('E%7)%'(

d,2*1(4,*K"#(C'12-(=/8-#2$"*D:A9*-1.+-#+"/"*

=<!('81'E'!=@8D'C22'='

<H(G/E3#6,*7%( :H(D&(#%'%,#71M'(-%&('E%7)%'(

GH(D&(J%'%,#71(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

• J?K&6L3&7;'- !"#$%&(3@(MNO'8)"#*,4(E#)/,6%'='MPO'I4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'=(MQO'

13#*I)44('E%7)%'()*(++0(

- !"#$%&(,'(/,*&(')6%'(,'(E3'')I4%(61#3"K13"6(++0(

- J%73#8'(61#%,6'(,*8($%K%6,23*(71,#,76%#)'27'(

• C$#7;'- X'2/,6%(E3E"4,23*(8%*')2%'=(,I"*8,*7%(3#(377"E,*7&(3@('6"8&(

'E%7)%'(

- D38%4(,*8(/,E(61%)#(E#%8)72$%(8)'6#)I"23*(Y)*(,*8(3"6')8%(++0^(- F3/E,#%(61%)#(%7343K)7,4(#%c")#%/%*6'(,*8(8)'6#)I"23*(

- 5#3$)8%(#%73//%*8,23*'(@3#(/,*,K%/%*6('6#,6%K&(3@(++0(

- 5#3$)8%(I,'%4)*%(8,6,(@3#(@"6"#%('E%7)%'.'E%7)`7(E#3N%76'()*(++0(

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(

• @AC(D8!@D'- A%6[%%*(P(63(<;(6#,*'%76'=(U:-/'=(X,71(6#,*'%76([,4-%8(O(2/%'(

- !%4%76%8(#,*83/4&(3*(<TR;=;;;(63E3K#,E1)7(/,E'(

- 5%#E%*8)7"4,#(63(,([,6%#(73"#'%=(,44(6#,*'%76'(E,#,44%4(63(%,71(361%#=(R;;/(,E,#6(

- :(6#,*'%76'([,4-%8(E%#(8,&(

- _909(F>WWXF0X_T('6"8&('E%7)%'(%*73"*6%#%8=(61#%,6(%*73"*6%#%8(

(

• >8R8@C@=J('DCB:F=(R'- P($%K%6,23*(E3)*6(',/E4)*K(E%#(6#,*'%76(YP(6#%%'(',/E4%'(,6(%,71(E3)*6^(

- _909(F>WWXF0X_T(6#%%('E%7)%'=(7)#7"/@%#%*7%(3@(6#%%(6#"*-=(6#%%(1%)K16=(7#3[*=(E#38"72$)6&=(7,*3E&(73$%#(

• <(SJABCF'=(@8A>=85'5=@T'>=FFCR8AD'- f"%'23*(#%K,#8)*K([)484)@%=(4)@%'6&4%(,*8(73*'%#$,23*(

• CA8CD'>=D=@8U'- <;(8)g%#%*6(')6%'([%#%($)')6%8(3$%#(61%(#%'%,#71(E%#)38(

GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(



h(C&+,>12-#+,*

h(@==#'*517*0&+*

<^(a,*",#&(:;<<T(("#'!0"&'

:^(e%I#",#&(:;<<T(9"1'V&,W'

O^(D,#71(:;<<T(B"W"'

P^(9"K"'6(:;<<T(@+14'V&/'

R^(!%E6%/I%#(:;<<T(9"1'("#,&14'MX0"#W&,/O'

i^(>763I%#(:;<<T(("#'J1'

V^(a,*",#&(:;<:T(<22&.'("#'@0&,1'

j^(e%I#",#&(:;<:T(T+,"Y'@+14'

k^(D,#71(:;<:T(@+14W"60&14'((

<;^(9E#)4(:;<:T(<22&.'("#'B+1'

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

hC&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+

<^ a,*",#&(:;<<T(("#'!0"&'''!(:;(6#,*'%76'(Y?<^=(<P(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

E)*%(@3#%'6=(8#&('%/).%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6H(

'

5=FUF=S8;'

. _3"7'T(O(')K12*K'(Y:.O(K#3"E'^(

. 5)K.6,)4%8(/,7,c"%'T(O(')K12*K'(

. L)II3*'T(U(j(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'(

. A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(1%,#8(6[)7%(. A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(O(')K12*K'l(KE(')m%(P.i(

. L#%,6(13#*I)44'T(<(')K12*Kl(KE(')m%(<(

'

@TA8C@D;'

- >48('*,#%(4)*%'(036,4('*,#%'(7344%76%8T(hh(

- <(E3,71%#(7,/E(

- W3KK)*K(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

h

C&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+

<^(a,*",#&(:;<<T((

("#'!0"&'

'

@TA8C@D'

:^(e%I#",#&(:;<<T(9"1'V&,W'(!(V(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^l(<R(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

_#&(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6((

5=FUF=S8;'

- _3"7'T(:(')K12*K'(Y<(K#3"E^(- 9'',/%'%Z#1%'"'(/,7,c"%'T(V(')K12*K'(

- I4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(<V(8%6%723*'(Y')K16(Q(7,44'^(

- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(O(8%6%723*'(@#3/(7,44'(

- J"@3"'(*%7-%8(13#*I)44T(<(')K12*K(@TA8C@D;'- !*,#%(4)*%'(036,4('*,#%'(7344%76%8T(<Ri(Y7,I4%'^(

'

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

hC&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+



:^(e%I#",#&(:;<<T(9"1'V&,W'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

O^(D,#71(:;<<T(B"W"'

'!(j(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^l(<R(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

UC%6(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

(

5=FUF=S8;'

- _3"7'T(:(')K12*K'(Y<.:(K#3"E'^(- 9'',/%'%Z#1%'"'(/,7,c"%'T(

- !6"/E.6,)4%8(/,7,c"%'T(<(4)$%(

)*8)$)8",4(7,"K16()*(,('*,#%(- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(k(8%6%723*'(- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(R(8%6%723*'('

@TA8C@D;'

- !*,#%(4)*%'(036,4('*,#%(7344%76%8T(O;j(Y7,I4%'^(

- 53,71%#(7,/E'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

h

C&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+

O^(D,#71(:;<<T(B"W"'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

P^(9"K"'6(:;<<T(@+14'V&/'

'!(i(6#,*'%76'(Y*3(#%E%,6^=(<P(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

_#&(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

(

5=FUF=S8;'

- _3"7'T(V(')K12*K'(Y:.R(K#3"E'^(

- 9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(<(')K12*K(

- L)II3*'T(UR(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'(

- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(j(8%6%723*'((

- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(i(8%6%723*''

'

'

@TA8C@D;'- !*,#%(4)*%'(3#()'34,6%8(6#,E'(

- 53,71%#(7,/E'(

- L"*('136'(

- 53,71%#(YS)%6*,/%'%^(%*73"*6%#%8(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

hC&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+



P^(9"K"'6(:;<<T(@+14'V&/'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

R^(!%E6%/I%#(:;<<T(9"1'("#,&14'MX0"#W&,/O'

'!(i(6#,*'%76'(Y?<^=(<;(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

C%6(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

(

5=FUF=S8;'

- 9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(<(')K12*K(

- L)II3*'T(UR.V(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'(

'

'

'

'

@TA8C@D;'

- 53,71%#(7,/E'((

'

'

(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

h

C&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+

R^(!%E6%/I%#(:;<<T(9"1'("#,&14'

MX0"#W&,/O'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

i^(>763I%#(:;<<T(("#'J1'

'!(j(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^=(<i(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

_#&(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

(

5=FUF=S8;'- _3"7'T(<R(')K12*K'(YP.R(K#3"E'^(

- 9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(:(')K12*K'(Y<(KE^(

- J1%'"'(/,7,c"%'T(<(')K12*K(

- D,7,c"%('EET(O(8%6%723*'(

- L)II3*'T(P.R(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'(Q(')K16(

- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(V(8%6%723*'((

- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(:(8%6%723*'(

@TA8C@D;'- !*,#%(4)*%'(

(636,4('*,#%'(7344%76%8T(OV(Y7,I4%'^(

- 53,71%#(7,/E'(

- L"*('136'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(



i^(>763I%#(:;<<T(("#'J1'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

V^(a,*",#&(:;<:T(<22&.'("#'@0&,1'

'!(P(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^l(<;(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

C%6(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

(

5=FUF=S8;'

- _3"7'T(R(')K12*K'(YUO(K#3"E'^(- D,7,c"%('EET(O(8%6%723*'(- L)II3*'T(:(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'(Q(')K16(

- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(<<(8%6%723*'((- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(i(8%6%723*'(- J"@3"'(*%7-%8(13#*I)44'T(<(')K12*K''

@TA8C@D;'

- !*,#%(4)*%'(3#()'34,6%8(6#,E'(- 53,71%#(7,/E'(- 53,71%#(#%7%*6(6#,7-'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

h

C&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+

V^(a,*",#&(:;<:T((

<22&.'("#'@0&,1'

'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

j^(e%I#",#&(:;<:T(T+,"Y'@+14'

'!'<;(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^l(<j(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

5)*%=('%/).%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

'

5=FUF=S8;'

- _3"7'T(<i(')K12*K'(YO.R(K#3"E'^(- 9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(V(')K12*K'(- D,7,c"%('EET(i(8%6%723*'(- L)II3*'T(<;.<:(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'(Q(')K16(

- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(::(8%6%723*'((- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(V(8%6%723*'(- L#%,6(13#*I)44'T(<(')K12*K''@TA8C@D;'- !*,#%(4)*%'(036,4('*,#%'(7344%76%8T(Oj(Y7,I4%'(,*8(#3E%^(

- 53,71%#(7,/E'(- L"*('136'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

hC&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+



j^(e%I#",#&(:;<:T(

T+,"Y'@+14'

'

'

@TA8C@D'

k^(D,#71(:;<:T(@+14W"60&14'((

!'i(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^l(k(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

_#&(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

'

5=FUF=S8;'- _3"7'T(k(')K12*K'(YUO(K#3"E'^(

- 9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(P((')K12*K'(

- J1%'"'Z9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(R((8%6%723*'(

- !6"/E.6,)4%8(/,7,c"%T(<(')K12*K(- L)II3*'T(V(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'l(O(')K12*K'(

- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T(V(8%6%723*'((

- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(V(8%6%723*'(

- J"@3"'(*%7-%8(13#*I)44'T((O(')K12*K'(

- W,#K%(13#*I)44('EET(<O(8%6%723*'(

'

@TA8C@D;'

+Z9'

(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

h

C&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+

<;^(9E#)4(:;<:T(<22&.'("#'B+1'

!'i(6#,*'%76'(Y?O^l(k(8,&'(`%48([3#-(

_#&(%$%#K#%%*(@3#%'6(

'

5=FUF=S8;'

- _3"7'T((<O(')K12*K'(YO.R(K#3"E'^(

- 9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(:(')K12*K'(

- #1%'"'Z9'',/%'%(/,7,c"%'T(j(8%6%723*'(

- !6"/E.6,)4%8(/,7,c"%T(<(')K12*K(

- L)II3*'T(U(j(K#3"E'(8%6%76%8(@#3/(7,44'l(i(

')K12*K'(

- A4,7-.K),*6('c")##%4'T((<i(8%6%723*'((

- A#3[*(13#*I)44'T(<i((8%6%723*'(

- J"@3"'(*%7-%8(13#*I)44'T((:(')K12*K'(- W,#K%(13#*I)44('EET(:O(8%6%723*'(

@TA8C@D;'

+Z9(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

hC&+,>12-#+,*

h@==#'*5170&+



• e3#('E%7)%'([)61(%*3"K1(#%73#8'(!(%'2/,23*(3@(8%*')6&([)61(61%('3n[,#%(_G!09+FX(

• >77"E,*7&(/38%4)*K([)61(61%('3n[,#%(5JX!X+FX(

• X7343K)7,4(#%c")#%/%*6(,*8(8)'6#)I"23*(/38%4)*K("')*K(61%('3n[,#%'(D9hX+0(,*8(L9J5(

• D,EE)*K(3@(E#%8)72$%(8)'6#)I"23*([)61(LG!()*(++0(,*8()*(W,3'(

• F3/E,#)'3*(I%6[%%*('E%7)%'(

• 5#3/36%(61%([)484)@%(Y)*(E,#27"4,#(83"7'^(3@(++0(,*8(W,3'(63(61%('7)%*2̀ 7(73//"*)6&T(( ((

X9o9(F3*'%#$,23*(e3#"/=(S)%**,(p(D,&(:;<:(

>?@3#8(A#33-%'(B*)$%')6&(E#%'%*6,23*(:;<:(

5#)/,6%(!37)%6&(L#%,6(A#)6,)*=(Bq(.(:;<O(

G*6%#*,23*,4(5#)/,6343K&(!37)%6&(F3*@%#%*7%=(d,*3)(p(!%E6%/I%#(:;<P(

( ((

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(

<H(>IN%72$%'(Q(

9)/'(

:H(D%6138343K&(

OH(5#%.(#%'"46'(PH(+%?6(

,*,4&')'Z'6%E'(RH(5#%.(

73*74"')3*'(

• +,-,)(+,/(01%"*(#)71(I)38)$%#')6&(1,'(,*8()'('244(8#,/,27,44&(8%7#%,')*K(AB0(

!0GWW(5JX!X+0(](

• Y94/3'6^(,44(,#%,'(61#3"K13"6(61%(+59(1,$%(I%%*(,*8(,#%()44%K,44&($)')6%8(I&(

E3,71%#'((

• S)%6*,/%'%(1"*6%#'(E3'%(61%(K#%,6%'6(61#%,6(63(++0([)484)@%l(61%&($)')6(61%(

,#%,(%$%#&(&%,#=(/,)*4&(8"#)*K(#,)*&('%,'3*(

• _3"7'=(/,7,c"%'(,*8(K)II3*'(1,$%(4,#K%(E3E"4,23*(#%/,)*)*K(I"6(,#%(

61#%,6%*%8(,*8(73"48(@,7%(437,4(%?2*723*()*(61%(@"6"#%()@(61%#%()'(*3(73*6#34(

3$%#(1"*2*KH((

• 01%(+,-,)(+,/(01%"*(E3E"4,23*(3@(83"7'()'(61%(98D@'TJ:8'@3#(61%(K43I,4(

73*'%#$,23*(3@(61)'(<(=Z<8''E%7)%'(

• >"#(%g3#6'(7,*(E#36%76(61%(#%/,)*)*K([)484)@%()@(1"*2*K()'(73*6#344%8=(,6(4%,'6(

)*('3/%(2.$+.$/Y'[+1&7'

(

(

GGGH(J%73//%*8,23*'(

(

(• :"/.+%%$14'"1-'F"\'&1]+.6&#&1/'

- e37"'(E,6#344)*K()*(r2.$+.$/Y'[+1&7MT(

" ("#'!0"&^X+W"L"+^T+,"Y'@+14^T+,"Y'D"1"2'E_'(&\':"/.+%'7,?7/"L+1'$1'("#'`"14'

" @+14W"60&14^("#'B+1'

" @+14'V&/'- C3#-()*(7344,I3#,23*([)61(,(6%71*)7,4(,'')'6,*6([13([)44(8%$%43E(,(E,6#344)*KZ4,[(

%*@3#7%/%*6(/,'6%#(E4,*(@3#(61%(+59(

• 8-,6"L+1'"6L3$L&7a'\+.W70+27'"1-'/."$1$147' – e3#(++0($)44,K%'Ts0#,)*)*K'(3*([)484)@%(73*'%#$,23*(I,')7'=(W,3([)484)@%(,*8(++0([)484)@%(

( ( ( (sF3*'%#$,23*(%8"7,23*(K)$%*(63(,8"46'(,*8('71334'(Y71)48#%*('63#&((( ( ( (I3 3-'= ('7133 4(,72 $)2%'(,*8(K,/%'(%67H (̂

- e3#(CD59('6,gTs0#,)*)*K'(3*([)484)@%(73*'%#$,23*=(W,3([)48)@%(,*8(++0([)484)@%( (( ( ( (!(K)$%(61%/(/32$,23*(61%&(*%%8(63(-%%E(I%4)%$)*K()*(61%)#(1,#8([3#-(

sJ%K"4,#("E8,6%'(3*(#%'"46'(,*8(')6",23*(

• !+17&.3"L+1'2.+K&6/7'- F344,I3#,23*'([)61(+L>'(,*8(#%'%,#71%#(63(8%$%43E(73*'%#$,23*(E#3K#,/'(

- G8%*2@&(I%'6(E#,727%(E#3N%76'()*(361%#(E,#6(3@(W,3'(3#(!3"61%,'6(9'),((

GH(G*6#38"723*(63(

++0(I)38)$%#')6&(GGH(D&(#%'%,#71(

GGGH(

J%73//%*8,23*'(



01,*-(&3"(@3#(4)'6%*)*Kb(

C&,#8-#'L*6#8"*-#6=*51>1/*517*C-#$+*>##=*/8"*$+/4$#*'/2-+#""*

;#:&'#*/8*/"*8&&*618#M*

C&,#8-#'L*N#*21+*71>#*1*%/O#'#+2#A*

final report - nakai nam theun surveys

Documents