1 APRIL 2015

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2 APRIL 2015

Table of Contents

Authors…...………………………………………...…………………….…………...... 3

Abstract…………………………………………………………………......................... 4

Survey Responses………………………….…………………………………….……... 5

Indiana Freedom of Information Act…………………………………......................... 9

Reference……...………………………….............………………………...……..…… 10

Comm-Smart Eyewitness F1 Pro..…………………………….......….....………….... 11

Digital Ally First Vu……………………………...…………..……………….……….. 12

Pro-Vision Bodycam.……………………….……………...……………………......… 13

Scorpion Micro……………………...……………………..………………….……….. 14

Stalker-Vue………………………………...…………………………….……….……. 15

Taser Axon Body…………..……………………………………..……......................... 16

Taser Axon Flex………………………………………………...…………….……….. 17

Vievu LE3...……………………………………………….…...…................................. 18

Wolfcom 3rd Eye…………………………...…..…..…………………….…………...... 19

Indiana Data Storage Laws..…………...….……………………………………...…... 20

Mass Storage Device……………………………………………………...…………… 23

3 APRIL 2015

Authors :  

Craft, Alex

Deguch, David

Dennie, Micki

Dyson, Shelby

Jahnke, Blake

Kaur, Manpreet

Loyal, Derek

Mattes, Phillip

Paull, Cory

4 APRIL 2015

Abstract

After the Ferguson incident, body-worn cameras were a major concern for the safety of police officers and the general public. Body cameras are a great way for law enforcement agencies to gather data showing a series of events, while interacting with the local community. Our research group has gathered information on nine different styles of body camera the Indiana State Police recognized as being the most suitable styles.

5 APRIL 2015

Survey Responses Question #2: If you feel other specifications to be more relevant or important, please list them below and briefly state why. -Some survey responses were deleted due to redundancy. "Video feed with option to turn off manually" "If there is an audio component to the BWV, the microphone should be able to pick up both officer and suspect voices.” "The camera should be able to securing clip to the uniform with little movement and without fear of it falling off. There should be an easily accessible on/off or record button." "Size, location worn, cables attached, durability"

5.00 5.00

4.00 3.64

2.90 2.08

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00 4.00 5.00 6.00

Video Resolution Field of View

Night Mode Recording Life Standby Time Charge Time

Camera Specs from Least (1) to Most (5) Important

6 APRIL 2015

"Good Audio, good way to secure the camera so it does not fall in foot pursuit/resisters." "Ease of turning on and off" "How rugged they are" "Make sure the sound quality is clear and concise." "Don't know if it applies, but video doesn't capture emotions (i.e.-fear for one's life and that of others). Sorry, if this doesn't apply to your study but thought I would add this." "Cost of purchase, Cost of maintenance, Durability (Shock and Water), Wear ability (Comfort, Practicality, Safety)" "Small unit without detached battery. One small unit and all." "Durability to shock, vibration, and environmental hazards such as water, snow, wind, and freezing temperatures." "Microphone ability is one of the most important aspects in recording. What a person says goes to threat level or actions taken by the officer." "Good sound quality. Wind reduction on microphone(s). Stereo if possible for location resolution." "Size and weight because we already carry so much gear that is invasive and makes the job difficult to perform. Ability to put on and take off with ease. Buttons that can be easily manipulated with gloves." "How quickly the department will release to the media. SOP for use of video in an investigation NOT started by a citizen...i.e. internal affair looking into you something and using the video to hunt for anything to hold against you. Will there be a limit on what they view...i.e., this is the case/incident and that will be all they can look at."

7 APRIL 2015

"What will be looked at when the footage is viewed? How far back will records go? What about privacy issues when releasing footage to the media/citizens that takes place inside someone's residence?" "Audio is a must since failure to obey lawful commands is crucial to justifying force." "Ability to pause/stop recording. Officers have a right to privacy when they go to the bathroom. When it's paused or stopped, someone will complain they did it on purpose, so many people want them continuous." "Mounting system left a lot to be desired. The camera should mounted near shoulder as not to interfere with seatbelt." "Officer Discretion in their use!!!!!” "High Definition cameras should be used." "Download time. Officers won't want to wait 30 minutes or more after shift to download data. Most will come off the streets 30 minutes early to do so, leaving coverage lacking for taxpayers." "I think that durability should be on the list. For example, a recent police action shooting in Denver was caught on camera. The officer was attacked with a snow shovel, and the first blow broke the camera. The following fatal shooting by police was not recorded due to the damage, so the fragility of the camera caused it to lose all value." "Audio clarity. Video alone does not tell the entire story." "The size of the lens and the way in which it mounts/attaches is also vital." "The procedural directives regarding when the camera is turned on/off should be very specific. This issue can be very problematic. Also, deciding what footage is subject to FOIA requests is difficult. For example, can someone request the camera footage from a police run to his neighbor’s house? What about an ex-husband, ex-wife who have protective orders against each other? Since they may be public record, the footage is difficult to keep private. How long should departments keep the records? Are they deleted a week later, a month later, 6 months later?"

8 APRIL 2015

"Officer's ability to turn off the camera when going to the bathroom, eating a meal, and just taking a routine information- type case report." "Audio quality: There are many occasions where what was said during an incident will be as important as what the video shows." "High definition audio capability. One of the most common complaints against officers is generally "rudeness". What is said by both sides is essential in investigating the complaint. He said/she said is an all too common problem." "Microphone range. Will the microphone capture all conversation, even if from a distance?" "Durability and stability- all the above is great, but if they break/malfunction after a minor scuffle, the above doesn't matter, unless there is an endless supply to draw from. Once attached to the officer, it could be a concern if it is too prone to movement aside from the officer’s movements." "As automatic as possible so as not to distract the officer in their operation." "Image stabilization (anti-shake)" "Ability for individual officers to delete accidental recordings of personal moments or incidents, with supervisor approval."

9 APRIL 2015

Indiana Freedom of Information Act

The Indiana Freedom of Information act was enacted on July 4, 1966 to protect any information created, maintained, or filed by all levels of government agencies. It took effect one year later and states any individual can request public records in Indiana and no request can be refused. However, many documents are inaccessible to the public. These include, but are not limited to the following:

• Medical records • Autopsy photos or videos • Social security numbers • Anything declared exempt by the Supreme Court • Law enforcement investigations • Complaint information within law enforcement agencies

When an individual requests public information, Indiana must process

information in seven days. Under the FOIA, all agencies must disclose any information is being requested, unless otherwise stated in one of the nine exemptions. The Executive Branch of the government oversees this law, while the Department of Justice's Office of Information Policy oversees the compliance of this law throughout all agencies (FOIA.gov). "Indiana FOIA Laws." Indiana Freedom of Information Act. National Freedom of Information Coalition, 2012. Web. 02 Apr. 2015. "What Is FOIA? ." FOIA.gov. United States Department of Justice, 2011. Web. 02 Apr. 2015.

10 APRIL 2015

Reference

Common Video

Resolutions

640x480: VGA – Video Graphics Array 720x480: D-VHS, DVD, MiniDV, widescreen DVD 720x576: D-VHS, DVD 1280x720: D-VHS, HD DVDm, Blu-Ray 1440x1080: HDV 1920x1080: HDV, AVCHD, HD DVD, Blu-Ray

Field of View

Human “binocular” vision is 114 degrees with peripheral creating an almost 180 degrees field of view. In order for the camera’s field of view to be closely accurate to the human eye, 114 degrees would be best.

Night Mode

“I am not sure the camera should have a night mode. Depending on the camera’s purpose, if the camera can see more than the officer can, it will not be an accurate representation of why the officer made the decisions they did.” -Anonymous from survey

11 APRIL 2015

CommSmart Eyewitness F1 Pro

Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 848 x 480 to 1920 x 1080 § Field of View: 170° wide-angle lens § Night Mode: Infrared night vision § Audio Quality: High quality audio recording § Recording Life: Not listed § Durability: Operates between -10°C to 50°C and in 15-85% relative humidity § Standby Time: 120 hours § Charge Time: Not listed

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o The 3.5 oz. camera utilizes a high-speed dynamic video recording

capability with instant response to light or dark environment as well as infrared night vision. The camera has a wireless remote control for video recording, stopping, and starting within a 20-foot distance. It has both video and photo capturing capabilities in various resolutions. The CommSmart Phoenix Media management system is a full add-on module for data management.

§ Cost of camera: o Camera: $495.00 + sales tax; purchase accessories separately o Bundle: $545.00 + sales tax

§ Includes: Camera, Remote control, USB power cable, USB data cable, Chest mount, Shoulder mount, Car charger, Carry case

§ Where can you purchase it? o Phone; 1-614-655-1247; Email: info@commsmart-global.com o http://www.globalfocus.ltd.uk/store/camera/f1pro-camera-16gb

12 APRIL 2015

Digital Ally FirstVu Specifications

§ Video Resolution: Records High Quality SD or 720p HD H.264 Video: different 640x480 and 1280x720 resolution & quality options available

§ Field of View: Wide view of 130 degrees § Night Mode: Day or night operation with optional illumination § Audio Quality: Built-in microphone plus external audio input § Recording Life: 4.5 hours of continuous recording and 10-54 hours record time § Durability: Water resistance beyond IP rating, components of both the body

camera and DVR have been waterproof treated § Standby Time: Up to 2.5 days in instant-record standby § Charge Time: Not listed

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o This camera allows the officer to mount the camera anywhere needed for

the best angles. There is also a pre-event recording feature which takes place 60 seconds prior to the record button being pressed. Security is also an important feature, 32GB of storage may be set to allow only designated computers access to the recordings. This will eliminate any unauthorized users from accessing the footage if the camera were to get stolen.

§ Cost of camera: o $795.00

§ Where you can purchase it? o Digitalallyinc.com

13 APRIL 2015

Pro-Vision Bodycam

Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 1080p § Field of View: 170 degrees § Night Mode: Night vision § Audio Quality: Built-in microphone § Recording Life: 4 hours § Durability: Waterproof IPX5 § Standby Time: 120 hours § Charge Time: 3 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o The Pro-vision BodyCam has a built in LCD screen capable of playback,

32GB storage capacity, and a one touch-recording button. The Pro-vision BodyCam also has a still photo taking function. The Pro-vision BodyCam also automatically downloads and re-charges.

§ Cost of camera: o $299

§ Where you can purchase it? o http://www.bodycameras.com/

14 APRIL 2015

Scorpion Micro DV

Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 640 x 480 § Field of View: 72 Degrees § Night Mode: None § Audio Quality: Embedded microphone § Recording Life: 4 hours § Durability: No details § Standby Time: 250 hours § Charge Time: 2 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o The Scorpion Micro DV has a date/time stamp feature. Comes with a 2G

Micro SD Card and supports up to a 16G memory card. The Scorpion Micro DV is the smallest digital video camera in the world with high-resolution imaging.

§ Cost of camera: o $95

§ Where you can purchase it? o From the ScorpionStore.com

15 APRIL 2015

Stalker VUE Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 640 x 480 to 1024 x 768 § Field of View: 80 degrees § Night Mode: Low light and no light mode capable of seeing up to 15 feet § Audio Quality: Built-in microphone § Recording Life: 6 hours § Durability: None specified § Standby Time: 120 hours § Charge Time: 4 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o The Stalker VUE body-worn camera /recorder provides documented

evidence without the cost/limitations of in-car video systems. The use of video is known to increase responder safety, and reduce time in court, while increasing the likelihood of successful prosecutions.

§ Cost of camera: o 8GB: $999 o 32GB: $1,099

§ Where you can purchase it? o 1-800-Stalker or visit StalkerRadar.com

16 APRIL 2015

Taser AXON Body Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 640 x 480 VGA (the highest resolution not considered HD, 720)

§ Field of View: 130 Degrees, wide-angle lens § Night Mode: Retina Low-light Technology § Audio Quality: Built-in microphone § Recording Life: 4 hours on highest quality, Up to 9 hours on medium quality, Up

to 13 hours on low quality § Durability: Weather resistant for humidity (80%) and rain § Standby Time: Not listed § Charge Time: up to 6 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o 130 Degree lens allows for a greater field of view.

§ Greater field of vision can help with court cases as well as potential lawsuits against police departments.

o Multiple Mounting Options § Utility Belt, Button/Zipper Shirt and Uniform Shirt Pockets

§ Cost of camera: o $399

§ Where you can purchase it? o Taser website

§ Must be an employee of a policing agency

17 APRIL 2015

Taser AXON Flex

Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 640 x 480 (the highest resolution not considered HD, 720) § Field of View: 75 Degrees § Night Mode: Low light recording that best shows what the human eye actually

sees § Audio Quality: Built-in microphone § Recording Life: 4 hours, allows 12-hour buffer that reaches back 30 seconds § Durability: Weather resistant for humidity (80%) and rain, Drop test 6 feet § Standby Time: 12 hours § Charge Time: 6 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o This camera offers a police officer’s point-of-view through eye-level

recording. § In contrast with other body cameras that are merely mounted on

the shoulder or chest, having the camera mounted on a pair of glasses allows for an increased understanding of what the officer is seeing and why they made the decisions they did.

§ Cost of camera: o $599

§ Where you can purchase it? o Taser.com website

§ Must be an employee of a policing agency

18 APRIL 2015

Vievu LE 3

Specifications

§ Video Resolution- 1280 X 720 (HD) § Field of View- 68 degrees lens § Night Mode-None § Audio Quality: Built-in microphone § Recording Life- 12 Hours § Durability-Water Testing IPX5 Certification

§ Drop Testing 10’ Onto Hard Surface (without clip) § Comes with 3 year warranty ($52)

§ Standby Time- 72 hours § Charge Time- 3 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o The LE3 is rugged, waterproof, and easy to use. The camera clips to a

uniform to records both the actions of the wearer and those in its field of view.

§ Cost of camera: o $899

§ Where you can purchase it? o Vievu LE 3 website; http://www.vievu.com

19 APRIL 2015

Wolfcom 3rd Eye

Specifications

§ Video Resolution: 1920 x 1080p (30 FPS) § Field of View: 120 Degrees § Night Mode: 15 feet Illumination. Test subjects can be seen in pitch black

darkness § Audio Quality: Built in microphone § Recording Life: At continuous non-stop recording it is 5.5-6 hours at 848 x 480

and 3.5 hours at 1920 x 1080p § Durability: Minimum working temperature ‐30°C; maximum working

temperature 55°C; water test IP x 3 ratings; Drop test 6 feet § Standby Time: 1 week. Unit is normally off until needed § Charge Time: 4 hours

Summary

§ What makes it stand out? o This camera offers a built-in GPS o Two user password

§ Administrator will have complete control over how the body cameras are used and can set user permissions and access.

§ Cost of camera: o $475

§ Where you can purchase it? o From the Wolfcom 3rd Eye’s website; http://www.wolfcomusa.com

20 APRIL 2015

Indiana Data Storage Laws Indiana State Statute 5-15-6-8 Unlawful Destruction of Records A public official or other person who recklessly, knowingly, or intentionally destroys or damages any public record commits a Level 6 felony unless:

• The commission shall have given its approval in writing that the public records may be destroyed;

• The commission shall have entered its approval for destruction of the public records on its own minutes; or

• Authority for destruction of the records is granted by an approved retention schedule established under this chapter.

Indiana Oversight Committee on Public Records Policy #12-01 Electronic Records Policy

• The Electronic Records Policy applies to video and includes records created in the course of government employee’s interaction with governmental entities.

• It is the governmental entity’s responsibility to ensure electronic records are maintained under the same public access laws and approved records retention schedules as physical records.

• Electronic records should be protected against unintentional or unauthorized access, modification, deletion, or disclosure.

• Electronic records should be protected against corruption or loss due to technical failure or to disaster.

• Electronic records should be retained and disposed of in accordance with the retention schedule that covers the records’ informational content, as approved by the Indiana Oversight Committee on Public Records. If an approved record series cannot be identified for a given type of record, the Commission on Public Records will work with the government entity to develop one and add it to the appropriate retention schedule.

• For governmental entities utilizing the services of Indiana Office of Technology (IOT) or other third parties as its technical service provider, it remains the responsibility of the government entity to manage their records and comply with applicable laws, policies, and retention schedules.

21 APRIL 2015

General Records Retention and Disposition Schedule for all State of Indiana Administrative Agencies GRADM-4: GENERAL FILES These include, but are not limited to, memos and letters from the following categories: (a) Staff response to routine public inquiries, (b) General information concerning an administrative agency’s programs, products and/or services, (c) Any other non-policy related file. – Destroy after three calendar years. GRVID-4: ROUTINE SURVEILLANCE RECORDINGS Disclosure of these records may be affected by IC 5-14-3-4(a) (1-3) and the discretion of a public agency per IC 5-14-3-4(b) (1)&(6). This record series and retention period does not apply to the criminal history records of the Indiana State Police, pursuant to IC 5-15-5.1-5(a)(4). – Destroy after completion of the project or activity using the footage. IC 34-11-2-6 Sheriffs or public officers; actions growing out of liability incurred during official acts or omissions of duty Sec. 6. An action against: (A) a sheriff; (B) another public officer; or (C) the officer and the officer's sureties on a public bond; growing out of a liability incurred by doing an act in an official capacity, or by the omission of an official duty, must be commenced within five (5) years after the cause of action accrues. However, an action may be commenced against the officer or the officer's legal representatives, for money collected in an official capacity and not paid over, at any time within six (6) years after the cause of action accrues. County/Local General Retention Schedule (GEN) Indiana Commission on Public Records – County Records Management Officials should first reference their office-specific retention schedule. If the form/record series you’re looking for is not listed, refer to this County/Local General Retention Schedule (GEN). GEN 10-4: GENERAL FILES Office records that are not related to policy implementation. This series includes correspondence, memos, and routine staff files. – Destroy after three calendar years.

22 APRIL 2015

GEN 10-5: LEGAL FILES All records pertaining to litigation with county/local government and all supporting documentation. This includes the Notice of Tort Claim for Property Damage and/or Personal Injury, SF 54668, if a claim is brought against the political subdivision. – Retain in office five calendar years after adjudication of litigation. Evaluate and transfer to County Archives, or Indiana Commission on Public Records, State Archives Division, only those files that have been determined to have historical or legal significance. GEN 14-1: NOTICE OF TORT CLAIM FOR PROPERTY DAMAGE AND/OR PERSONAL INJURY This form is included in GEN 10-5, Legal Files, if a claim is brought against the poltical subdivision. – Destroy after three calendar years if a claim is not brought against the political subdivision within the statue of limitations. GEN 10-43: ROUTINE SURVEILLANCE RECORDINGS See GRVID-4 for definition. – Destroy after 30 days if no improper or illegal activity is captured on recording. If improper or illegal activity is captured on recording, retain for the longer of the following: 1) Duration of criminal proceedings and appeals; or 2) Ten years.

23 APRIL 2015

Mass Storage Device There are many avenues you can take when it comes to storing data. The two different ways we are looking at storing data is by the following: 1. Web-based companies (e.g. Evidence.com and Commsmart-global.com), 2. Terabyte Hard drive

Future Tiers

Plan Name Basic Standard Pro Price per user per month $15 per month $25 per

month $39 per month

Included storage per user 5 GB 10 GB 15 GB Additional storage - $0.125 per

GB -

Evidence mobile app X X X Evidence sync X X X Automatic video upload X X X Secure file storage X X X Multi-file upload tool X X X Add evidence to cases X X X GPS mapping of captured data X X X Automatic photo, CCTV, and dash-cam video uploads

X X X

Intra-agency file sharing - X X External file sharing - X X Video clips and markers - X X Lock specific files for IA - X X Custom user roles - X X Custom categories and deletion schedules

- X X

Bulk reassign, share, edit - X X MDT app - X X User and device management - X X Video redaction - - X Agency usage reports - - X Export search results to CSV - - X Organizational groups* - - X Multi-file download tool - - X

Evidence.com

24 APRIL 2015

Ultimate Plan The Ultimate Plan starts out at $55. The package includes the following:

• All EVIDENCE.com features • 20 GB included storage • Camera upgrade at 2.5 years • Optional unlimited storage add-on • This plan combines the full EVIDENCE.com feature set with AXON camera

upgrades • It keeps your agency’s future in mind and provides a single, predictable line item

that builds upgrades right into your budget • You’ll stay up-to-date with the newest AXON camera technology and evidence

management features • You also have the option to add unlimited storage† for $24/month so that if your

data needs change, you’ll have the capacity you need without worrying about your budget

o † Unlimited data for AXON camera and EVIDENCE Mobile data.

Officer Safety Plan The Officer Safety Plan starts out at $99 *(Introductory pricing, limited time only, regularly $109 per user/month). The package includes the following:

• All Ultimate Plan features • CEW upgrade and warranty • This plan combines the full EVIDENCE.com feature set with AXON camera and

CEW upgrades • It provides your officers with the best technology to protect themselves and the

public • You’ll receive every new evidence management feature • Stay up-to-date with the latest camera and CEW technologies • Have unlimited storage† for your data

o † Unlimited data for AXON camera and EVIDENCE Mobile data. All within a single, predictable budget line item

25 APRIL 2015

Commsmart-global.com

• $14.95 Price per camera per Month 10 GB storage • $24.95 Price per camera per Month 20 GB storage • Additional storage $1.00 per GB per month

Terabyte Hard Drives

• You can purchase a 1 terabyte hard drive at Best Buy for $65.99. • You can purchase a 2 terabyte hard drive at Best Buy for $83.99.

For governmental entities utilizing the services of Indiana Office of Technology (IOT) or other third parties as its technical service provider, it remains the responsibility of the government entity to manage their records and comply with applicable laws, policies, and retention schedules. Under Indiana Oversight Committee on Public Records Policy #12-01 Electronic Records Policy

26 APRIL 2015

Sources Advanced Body Camera Video System. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015, from

http://www.digitalallyinc.com/HD-body-cam.html BODYCAM® HD Body-Worn Video Camera. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015,

from http://www.bodycameras.com/ Body Worn Video Camera for Police and Professionals - VIEVU. (n.d.). Retrieved

April 9, 2015, from http://www.vievu.com CommSmart Global - Body Worn Cameras Spec. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015,

from http://www.commsmart-global.com/bwc-spec.html Digital Evidence Management. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015, from

http://www.evidence.com F1 Pro Bodycam (16GB). (2014, January 3). Retrieved April 9, 2015, from

http://www.globalfocus.ltd.uk/store/camera/f1pro-camera-16gb "If a Picture is worth a thousand words, Audio & Video documentation is worth

Millions of dollars saved in litigation" (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015, from http://www.wolfcomusa.com/wolfcom_3rd_eye_police_body_camera.html

Indiana Commission on Public Records. (2014, November 19). Retrieved April 9,

2015, from http://www.in.gov/icpr/2378.htm "Indiana FOIA Laws." Indiana Freedom of Information Act. National Freedom of

Information Coalition, 2012. Web. 02 Apr. 2015.

27 APRIL 2015

Police radar, LIDAR, CopTrax In-car Video, Sports radar, Speed sensors, traffic

radar, law enforcement, and radar sensors from Applied Concepts. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015, from http://stalkerradar.com/

Scorpion Micro DV - The Scorpion Store. (2015, April 9). Retrieved April 9,

2015, from http://thescorpionstore.com/categories/Scorpion-Micro-DV/ The #1 On-Officer Video Platform Axon cameras are built strong for law

enforcement. (n.d.). Retrieved April 9, 2015, from https://www.taser.com/products/on-officer-video

"What Is FOIA? ." FOIA.gov. United States Department of Justice, 2011. Web. 02

Apr. 2015.