final hazard ranking system (hrs) package - text and

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SIM FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE FOR ELIZABETH MINE STRAFFORD, VERMONT CERCLIS NO. VTD988366621 HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE RESPONSE ACTION CONTRACT (RAG), REGION I Prepared for: U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Region I Office of Site Remediation and Restoration Boston, MA 02114-2023 EPA CONTRACT No. 68-W6-0045 EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT No. 040-HRHR-01ZZ TtNUS PROJECT No. N0308-0400 TtNUS DOCUMENT No. RI00461F Submitted by: Tetra Tech NUS, Inc. 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington, MA 01887 October 2000

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Page 1: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

SIM

FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE

FOR ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT

CERCLIS NO VTD988366621

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE RESPONSE ACTION CONTRACT (RAG) REGION I

Prepared for

US Environmental Protection Agency Region I

Office of Site Remediation and Restoration Boston MA 02114-2023

EPA CONTRACT No 68-W6-0045 EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT No 040-HRHR-01ZZ

TtNUS PROJECT No N0308-0400 TtNUS DOCUMENT No RI00461F

Submitted by

Tetra Tech NUS Inc 55 Jonspin Road

Wilmington MA 01887

October 2000

Super fund Records Center

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE

ELIZABETH MINE STRAFFORD VERMONT

SITE E

U DUlncK

CERCLIS NO VTD988366621

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE RESPONSE ACTION CONTRACT (RAC) REGION I

Prepared for

US Environmental Protection Agency Region I

Office of Site Remediation and Restoration Boston MA 02114-2023

EPA CONTRACT No 68-W6-0045 EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT No 040-HRHR-01ZZ

TtNUS PROJECT No N0308-0400 TtNUS DOCUMENT No RI00461F

Submitted by

Tetra Tech NUS Inc 55 Jonspin Road

Wilmington MA 01887

October 2000

Tetra Tech NUS Inc Reviewed and Approved

-oo Kathleen Jal tNUS Date Site Manager

Janet PillionTtNUS Date Project Manager

TABLE OF CONTENTS FINAL

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT

Title Page

SITE DESCRIPTION ii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD 1

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING HRS SITE SCORE 3

NOTES TO THE READER 8

REFERENCES 9

COMMON EVALUATION SCORING NOTES 13

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS 14

SOURCE 1 14

SOURCE 2 21

SOURCE 3 24

SURFACE WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY 30

ATTACHMENTS

APPENDIX A FIGURES APPENDIX B REFERENCE DOCUMENT (Separate three-ring binder) APPENDIX C NPL CHARACTERISTICS DATA COLLECTION FORM

R100461F j October 2000

SITE DESCRIPTION

The Elizabeth Mine is an abandoned copper mine located on Mine Road in the Village of South Stratford within the Town of Stratford Orange County Vermont [3 17 p 35] Geographic coordinates of the property as measured from the center of Tailings Pile No 1 are approximately 43deg4926 north latitude and 72deg1944 west longitude (Figure 1) [59] There are no tax assessors maps for the property [5]

The Elizabeth Mine site is situated in a rural setting on the east side of Copperas Hill Topography of the area consists of north-south trending hills and valleys [3] Woodlands surround the mine property [3 17 p 35] Undeveloped and residential properties border the sites western margin [3 6 p 39] Site elevations range from approximately 1000 feet to 1300 feet above mean sea level [3] The property consists of three mine tailings piles two open-cut mines several adits (horizontal mine entrances) underground shafts and tunnels ventilation shafts and several former ore processing buildings Other on-site structures include those previously used for office space a shop a solventoil storage shed an air compressor building and a garage The majority of the buildings are in a dilapidated condition [6 p 40] However one of the buildings and a trailer on the property are rented for residential purposes and the garage is used to store equipment (Figure 1) [6 p 3951 p 2]

Deposits at the Elizabeth Mine were discovered in 1793 [20 p 8 26 p 76] The mine operated from the early 1800s until its closure in 1958 [30 p 2] The ore was initially valued for its iron content and then its pyrrhotite content from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] Circa 1830 the deposit was primarily exploited for its copper content based upon the recognition that a significant amount of chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) was disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] For nearly a century intermittent production came from the open-cut mine as underground work did not begin until 1886 [20 p 67] During the early mining operations several copper smelters were built on the property [20 p 67] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which approximately 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8] From 1943 to 19582967000 tons of ore were mined producing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] All mining operations ceased in February 1958 [20 p 10] At the close of the mining operation the mine property encompassed approximately 1400 acres [27 p 2]

Past operations at the property consisted of mining copper smelting and ore processing As a result three mine tailings piles and two open-cut mines were generated onsite Previous studies refer to the tailings as piles 1 2 and 3 and this same nomenclature is used in this HRS package (Fig 2) The processed tailings in Pile No 1 were generated between 1943 and 1958 during the latter period of the mining operation Ore was ground for flotation through an onsite mill [48 p 7] As copper and pyrrhotite were chemically separated from the ore tailings sank to the bottom of a flotation separator and were removed [26 p 82] Tailings were dammed to form an impoundment and then were carried via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [48 p 6 27 p 2] As the valley filled with tailings the piles north face rose approximately 100 feet above the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [3 6 p 30] Tailings Pile No 1 is a flat-topped pile (plateau-like feature) on the lower portion of the property and covers approximately 30 acres [48 p 15 6 p 30] This pile is comprised of a fine-grained material uniformly reddish-brown in color at the surface and is the largest accumulation of tailings onsite [27 p 6 31 p 17 6 p 30]

Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of the massive pile [3 6 p 34 27] (Figure 3) Like Tailings Pile No 1 Tailings Pile No 2 forms a raised plateau and covers approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] This pile rises approximately 30 feet above the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [3 6 p 34] The north slope is bare and eroded [6 p 34] An erosion gully is present on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 where a once buried conduit system has been undermined exposed and destroyed [27 pp 8 A-5 A-7] Tailings in Pile No 2 were also generated during the 1900s and deposited similarly to those in Pile No 1 [48 p 7]

Tailings Pile No 3 is located further southwest and upslope of Tailings Pile No 2 This pile is immediately east of one of the two open-cut mines and covers approximately 6 acres (Figure 2) [48 p 12] Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow-colored coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 23 6 p 36] Waste in these piles was generated from mining and copper smelting operations during the 1800s and early 1900s [27 pp 12 6] Six copper smelters were built on the property between 1830 and 1916 [20 p 67] Slag was observed in Tailings Pile No 3 some pieces exhibited an iridescent surface [6 p 36]

When mining operations were abandoned many of the underground areas flooded with groundwater An air shaft depicted on Figures 1 and 2 once tunneled to provide ventilation for the underground work areas currently discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface Drainage from this shaft flows overland and empties into an unnamed brook which discharges to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 25]

RI00461F October 2000

The tailings on the property are rich in metals and sulfides As water passes over and through the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and the metals within the tailings are dissolved and mobilized This results in acid mine drainage [30 p 8] Acid mine drainage contributes an elevated load of metals to Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 p 8 31 pp 11 16]

The Elizabeth Mine has been previously investigated by State and Federal agencies and private companies As part of the various studies one or more samples of mine tailings surface water sediment fish tissues ground water and drinking water have been collected and analyzed for metals The results indicated the presence of metals that exceeded background levels [27 pp 9 11 30 pp 56 31 pp 25614-16 32 33 pp i 1 4-11]

Note

This MRS package does not include information published in documents regarding the Elizabeth Mine site dated October 2000 which were recently provided to the EPA

RI00461F October 2000 iii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD-REVIEW COVER SHEET

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

Contact Persons

Site Investigation Kathleen Jalkut Tetra Tech NUS (978) 658-7899

Documentation Record Nancy Smith EPA Region I (617) 918-1436

Pathways Components or Threats Not Scored

The MRS site score forthe Elizabeth Mine site is based on threats posed by the site to the surface water migration pathway After a review of the four pathways it was determined that the groundwater and air migration pathways as well as the soil exposure pathway would not contribute significantly to the overall site score Therefore these pathways have not been included in this MRS package

According to previous investigations VOCs (acetone and an unidentified aliphatic ester) and PCBs were detected in various media at the site however results were not used for scoring purposes in this MRS package These substances were detected in sources that were neither well defined nor considered significant to the primary sources onsite

RI00461F October 2000

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

Super fund Records Center

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE

ELIZABETH MINE STRAFFORD VERMONT

SITE E

U DUlncK

CERCLIS NO VTD988366621

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE RESPONSE ACTION CONTRACT (RAC) REGION I

Prepared for

US Environmental Protection Agency Region I

Office of Site Remediation and Restoration Boston MA 02114-2023

EPA CONTRACT No 68-W6-0045 EPA WORK ASSIGNMENT No 040-HRHR-01ZZ

TtNUS PROJECT No N0308-0400 TtNUS DOCUMENT No RI00461F

Submitted by

Tetra Tech NUS Inc 55 Jonspin Road

Wilmington MA 01887

October 2000

Tetra Tech NUS Inc Reviewed and Approved

-oo Kathleen Jal tNUS Date Site Manager

Janet PillionTtNUS Date Project Manager

TABLE OF CONTENTS FINAL

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT

Title Page

SITE DESCRIPTION ii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD 1

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING HRS SITE SCORE 3

NOTES TO THE READER 8

REFERENCES 9

COMMON EVALUATION SCORING NOTES 13

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS 14

SOURCE 1 14

SOURCE 2 21

SOURCE 3 24

SURFACE WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY 30

ATTACHMENTS

APPENDIX A FIGURES APPENDIX B REFERENCE DOCUMENT (Separate three-ring binder) APPENDIX C NPL CHARACTERISTICS DATA COLLECTION FORM

R100461F j October 2000

SITE DESCRIPTION

The Elizabeth Mine is an abandoned copper mine located on Mine Road in the Village of South Stratford within the Town of Stratford Orange County Vermont [3 17 p 35] Geographic coordinates of the property as measured from the center of Tailings Pile No 1 are approximately 43deg4926 north latitude and 72deg1944 west longitude (Figure 1) [59] There are no tax assessors maps for the property [5]

The Elizabeth Mine site is situated in a rural setting on the east side of Copperas Hill Topography of the area consists of north-south trending hills and valleys [3] Woodlands surround the mine property [3 17 p 35] Undeveloped and residential properties border the sites western margin [3 6 p 39] Site elevations range from approximately 1000 feet to 1300 feet above mean sea level [3] The property consists of three mine tailings piles two open-cut mines several adits (horizontal mine entrances) underground shafts and tunnels ventilation shafts and several former ore processing buildings Other on-site structures include those previously used for office space a shop a solventoil storage shed an air compressor building and a garage The majority of the buildings are in a dilapidated condition [6 p 40] However one of the buildings and a trailer on the property are rented for residential purposes and the garage is used to store equipment (Figure 1) [6 p 3951 p 2]

Deposits at the Elizabeth Mine were discovered in 1793 [20 p 8 26 p 76] The mine operated from the early 1800s until its closure in 1958 [30 p 2] The ore was initially valued for its iron content and then its pyrrhotite content from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] Circa 1830 the deposit was primarily exploited for its copper content based upon the recognition that a significant amount of chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) was disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] For nearly a century intermittent production came from the open-cut mine as underground work did not begin until 1886 [20 p 67] During the early mining operations several copper smelters were built on the property [20 p 67] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which approximately 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8] From 1943 to 19582967000 tons of ore were mined producing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] All mining operations ceased in February 1958 [20 p 10] At the close of the mining operation the mine property encompassed approximately 1400 acres [27 p 2]

Past operations at the property consisted of mining copper smelting and ore processing As a result three mine tailings piles and two open-cut mines were generated onsite Previous studies refer to the tailings as piles 1 2 and 3 and this same nomenclature is used in this HRS package (Fig 2) The processed tailings in Pile No 1 were generated between 1943 and 1958 during the latter period of the mining operation Ore was ground for flotation through an onsite mill [48 p 7] As copper and pyrrhotite were chemically separated from the ore tailings sank to the bottom of a flotation separator and were removed [26 p 82] Tailings were dammed to form an impoundment and then were carried via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [48 p 6 27 p 2] As the valley filled with tailings the piles north face rose approximately 100 feet above the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [3 6 p 30] Tailings Pile No 1 is a flat-topped pile (plateau-like feature) on the lower portion of the property and covers approximately 30 acres [48 p 15 6 p 30] This pile is comprised of a fine-grained material uniformly reddish-brown in color at the surface and is the largest accumulation of tailings onsite [27 p 6 31 p 17 6 p 30]

Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of the massive pile [3 6 p 34 27] (Figure 3) Like Tailings Pile No 1 Tailings Pile No 2 forms a raised plateau and covers approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] This pile rises approximately 30 feet above the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [3 6 p 34] The north slope is bare and eroded [6 p 34] An erosion gully is present on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 where a once buried conduit system has been undermined exposed and destroyed [27 pp 8 A-5 A-7] Tailings in Pile No 2 were also generated during the 1900s and deposited similarly to those in Pile No 1 [48 p 7]

Tailings Pile No 3 is located further southwest and upslope of Tailings Pile No 2 This pile is immediately east of one of the two open-cut mines and covers approximately 6 acres (Figure 2) [48 p 12] Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow-colored coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 23 6 p 36] Waste in these piles was generated from mining and copper smelting operations during the 1800s and early 1900s [27 pp 12 6] Six copper smelters were built on the property between 1830 and 1916 [20 p 67] Slag was observed in Tailings Pile No 3 some pieces exhibited an iridescent surface [6 p 36]

When mining operations were abandoned many of the underground areas flooded with groundwater An air shaft depicted on Figures 1 and 2 once tunneled to provide ventilation for the underground work areas currently discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface Drainage from this shaft flows overland and empties into an unnamed brook which discharges to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 25]

RI00461F October 2000

The tailings on the property are rich in metals and sulfides As water passes over and through the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and the metals within the tailings are dissolved and mobilized This results in acid mine drainage [30 p 8] Acid mine drainage contributes an elevated load of metals to Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 p 8 31 pp 11 16]

The Elizabeth Mine has been previously investigated by State and Federal agencies and private companies As part of the various studies one or more samples of mine tailings surface water sediment fish tissues ground water and drinking water have been collected and analyzed for metals The results indicated the presence of metals that exceeded background levels [27 pp 9 11 30 pp 56 31 pp 25614-16 32 33 pp i 1 4-11]

Note

This MRS package does not include information published in documents regarding the Elizabeth Mine site dated October 2000 which were recently provided to the EPA

RI00461F October 2000 iii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD-REVIEW COVER SHEET

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

Contact Persons

Site Investigation Kathleen Jalkut Tetra Tech NUS (978) 658-7899

Documentation Record Nancy Smith EPA Region I (617) 918-1436

Pathways Components or Threats Not Scored

The MRS site score forthe Elizabeth Mine site is based on threats posed by the site to the surface water migration pathway After a review of the four pathways it was determined that the groundwater and air migration pathways as well as the soil exposure pathway would not contribute significantly to the overall site score Therefore these pathways have not been included in this MRS package

According to previous investigations VOCs (acetone and an unidentified aliphatic ester) and PCBs were detected in various media at the site however results were not used for scoring purposes in this MRS package These substances were detected in sources that were neither well defined nor considered significant to the primary sources onsite

RI00461F October 2000

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 3: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

TABLE OF CONTENTS FINAL

HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM PACKAGE ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT

Title Page

SITE DESCRIPTION ii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD 1

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING HRS SITE SCORE 3

NOTES TO THE READER 8

REFERENCES 9

COMMON EVALUATION SCORING NOTES 13

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS 14

SOURCE 1 14

SOURCE 2 21

SOURCE 3 24

SURFACE WATER MIGRATION PATHWAY 30

ATTACHMENTS

APPENDIX A FIGURES APPENDIX B REFERENCE DOCUMENT (Separate three-ring binder) APPENDIX C NPL CHARACTERISTICS DATA COLLECTION FORM

R100461F j October 2000

SITE DESCRIPTION

The Elizabeth Mine is an abandoned copper mine located on Mine Road in the Village of South Stratford within the Town of Stratford Orange County Vermont [3 17 p 35] Geographic coordinates of the property as measured from the center of Tailings Pile No 1 are approximately 43deg4926 north latitude and 72deg1944 west longitude (Figure 1) [59] There are no tax assessors maps for the property [5]

The Elizabeth Mine site is situated in a rural setting on the east side of Copperas Hill Topography of the area consists of north-south trending hills and valleys [3] Woodlands surround the mine property [3 17 p 35] Undeveloped and residential properties border the sites western margin [3 6 p 39] Site elevations range from approximately 1000 feet to 1300 feet above mean sea level [3] The property consists of three mine tailings piles two open-cut mines several adits (horizontal mine entrances) underground shafts and tunnels ventilation shafts and several former ore processing buildings Other on-site structures include those previously used for office space a shop a solventoil storage shed an air compressor building and a garage The majority of the buildings are in a dilapidated condition [6 p 40] However one of the buildings and a trailer on the property are rented for residential purposes and the garage is used to store equipment (Figure 1) [6 p 3951 p 2]

Deposits at the Elizabeth Mine were discovered in 1793 [20 p 8 26 p 76] The mine operated from the early 1800s until its closure in 1958 [30 p 2] The ore was initially valued for its iron content and then its pyrrhotite content from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] Circa 1830 the deposit was primarily exploited for its copper content based upon the recognition that a significant amount of chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) was disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] For nearly a century intermittent production came from the open-cut mine as underground work did not begin until 1886 [20 p 67] During the early mining operations several copper smelters were built on the property [20 p 67] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which approximately 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8] From 1943 to 19582967000 tons of ore were mined producing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] All mining operations ceased in February 1958 [20 p 10] At the close of the mining operation the mine property encompassed approximately 1400 acres [27 p 2]

Past operations at the property consisted of mining copper smelting and ore processing As a result three mine tailings piles and two open-cut mines were generated onsite Previous studies refer to the tailings as piles 1 2 and 3 and this same nomenclature is used in this HRS package (Fig 2) The processed tailings in Pile No 1 were generated between 1943 and 1958 during the latter period of the mining operation Ore was ground for flotation through an onsite mill [48 p 7] As copper and pyrrhotite were chemically separated from the ore tailings sank to the bottom of a flotation separator and were removed [26 p 82] Tailings were dammed to form an impoundment and then were carried via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [48 p 6 27 p 2] As the valley filled with tailings the piles north face rose approximately 100 feet above the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [3 6 p 30] Tailings Pile No 1 is a flat-topped pile (plateau-like feature) on the lower portion of the property and covers approximately 30 acres [48 p 15 6 p 30] This pile is comprised of a fine-grained material uniformly reddish-brown in color at the surface and is the largest accumulation of tailings onsite [27 p 6 31 p 17 6 p 30]

Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of the massive pile [3 6 p 34 27] (Figure 3) Like Tailings Pile No 1 Tailings Pile No 2 forms a raised plateau and covers approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] This pile rises approximately 30 feet above the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [3 6 p 34] The north slope is bare and eroded [6 p 34] An erosion gully is present on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 where a once buried conduit system has been undermined exposed and destroyed [27 pp 8 A-5 A-7] Tailings in Pile No 2 were also generated during the 1900s and deposited similarly to those in Pile No 1 [48 p 7]

Tailings Pile No 3 is located further southwest and upslope of Tailings Pile No 2 This pile is immediately east of one of the two open-cut mines and covers approximately 6 acres (Figure 2) [48 p 12] Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow-colored coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 23 6 p 36] Waste in these piles was generated from mining and copper smelting operations during the 1800s and early 1900s [27 pp 12 6] Six copper smelters were built on the property between 1830 and 1916 [20 p 67] Slag was observed in Tailings Pile No 3 some pieces exhibited an iridescent surface [6 p 36]

When mining operations were abandoned many of the underground areas flooded with groundwater An air shaft depicted on Figures 1 and 2 once tunneled to provide ventilation for the underground work areas currently discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface Drainage from this shaft flows overland and empties into an unnamed brook which discharges to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 25]

RI00461F October 2000

The tailings on the property are rich in metals and sulfides As water passes over and through the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and the metals within the tailings are dissolved and mobilized This results in acid mine drainage [30 p 8] Acid mine drainage contributes an elevated load of metals to Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 p 8 31 pp 11 16]

The Elizabeth Mine has been previously investigated by State and Federal agencies and private companies As part of the various studies one or more samples of mine tailings surface water sediment fish tissues ground water and drinking water have been collected and analyzed for metals The results indicated the presence of metals that exceeded background levels [27 pp 9 11 30 pp 56 31 pp 25614-16 32 33 pp i 1 4-11]

Note

This MRS package does not include information published in documents regarding the Elizabeth Mine site dated October 2000 which were recently provided to the EPA

RI00461F October 2000 iii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD-REVIEW COVER SHEET

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

Contact Persons

Site Investigation Kathleen Jalkut Tetra Tech NUS (978) 658-7899

Documentation Record Nancy Smith EPA Region I (617) 918-1436

Pathways Components or Threats Not Scored

The MRS site score forthe Elizabeth Mine site is based on threats posed by the site to the surface water migration pathway After a review of the four pathways it was determined that the groundwater and air migration pathways as well as the soil exposure pathway would not contribute significantly to the overall site score Therefore these pathways have not been included in this MRS package

According to previous investigations VOCs (acetone and an unidentified aliphatic ester) and PCBs were detected in various media at the site however results were not used for scoring purposes in this MRS package These substances were detected in sources that were neither well defined nor considered significant to the primary sources onsite

RI00461F October 2000

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

SITE DESCRIPTION

The Elizabeth Mine is an abandoned copper mine located on Mine Road in the Village of South Stratford within the Town of Stratford Orange County Vermont [3 17 p 35] Geographic coordinates of the property as measured from the center of Tailings Pile No 1 are approximately 43deg4926 north latitude and 72deg1944 west longitude (Figure 1) [59] There are no tax assessors maps for the property [5]

The Elizabeth Mine site is situated in a rural setting on the east side of Copperas Hill Topography of the area consists of north-south trending hills and valleys [3] Woodlands surround the mine property [3 17 p 35] Undeveloped and residential properties border the sites western margin [3 6 p 39] Site elevations range from approximately 1000 feet to 1300 feet above mean sea level [3] The property consists of three mine tailings piles two open-cut mines several adits (horizontal mine entrances) underground shafts and tunnels ventilation shafts and several former ore processing buildings Other on-site structures include those previously used for office space a shop a solventoil storage shed an air compressor building and a garage The majority of the buildings are in a dilapidated condition [6 p 40] However one of the buildings and a trailer on the property are rented for residential purposes and the garage is used to store equipment (Figure 1) [6 p 3951 p 2]

Deposits at the Elizabeth Mine were discovered in 1793 [20 p 8 26 p 76] The mine operated from the early 1800s until its closure in 1958 [30 p 2] The ore was initially valued for its iron content and then its pyrrhotite content from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] Circa 1830 the deposit was primarily exploited for its copper content based upon the recognition that a significant amount of chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) was disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] For nearly a century intermittent production came from the open-cut mine as underground work did not begin until 1886 [20 p 67] During the early mining operations several copper smelters were built on the property [20 p 67] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which approximately 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8] From 1943 to 19582967000 tons of ore were mined producing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] All mining operations ceased in February 1958 [20 p 10] At the close of the mining operation the mine property encompassed approximately 1400 acres [27 p 2]

Past operations at the property consisted of mining copper smelting and ore processing As a result three mine tailings piles and two open-cut mines were generated onsite Previous studies refer to the tailings as piles 1 2 and 3 and this same nomenclature is used in this HRS package (Fig 2) The processed tailings in Pile No 1 were generated between 1943 and 1958 during the latter period of the mining operation Ore was ground for flotation through an onsite mill [48 p 7] As copper and pyrrhotite were chemically separated from the ore tailings sank to the bottom of a flotation separator and were removed [26 p 82] Tailings were dammed to form an impoundment and then were carried via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [48 p 6 27 p 2] As the valley filled with tailings the piles north face rose approximately 100 feet above the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [3 6 p 30] Tailings Pile No 1 is a flat-topped pile (plateau-like feature) on the lower portion of the property and covers approximately 30 acres [48 p 15 6 p 30] This pile is comprised of a fine-grained material uniformly reddish-brown in color at the surface and is the largest accumulation of tailings onsite [27 p 6 31 p 17 6 p 30]

Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of the massive pile [3 6 p 34 27] (Figure 3) Like Tailings Pile No 1 Tailings Pile No 2 forms a raised plateau and covers approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] This pile rises approximately 30 feet above the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [3 6 p 34] The north slope is bare and eroded [6 p 34] An erosion gully is present on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 where a once buried conduit system has been undermined exposed and destroyed [27 pp 8 A-5 A-7] Tailings in Pile No 2 were also generated during the 1900s and deposited similarly to those in Pile No 1 [48 p 7]

Tailings Pile No 3 is located further southwest and upslope of Tailings Pile No 2 This pile is immediately east of one of the two open-cut mines and covers approximately 6 acres (Figure 2) [48 p 12] Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow-colored coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 23 6 p 36] Waste in these piles was generated from mining and copper smelting operations during the 1800s and early 1900s [27 pp 12 6] Six copper smelters were built on the property between 1830 and 1916 [20 p 67] Slag was observed in Tailings Pile No 3 some pieces exhibited an iridescent surface [6 p 36]

When mining operations were abandoned many of the underground areas flooded with groundwater An air shaft depicted on Figures 1 and 2 once tunneled to provide ventilation for the underground work areas currently discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface Drainage from this shaft flows overland and empties into an unnamed brook which discharges to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 25]

RI00461F October 2000

The tailings on the property are rich in metals and sulfides As water passes over and through the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and the metals within the tailings are dissolved and mobilized This results in acid mine drainage [30 p 8] Acid mine drainage contributes an elevated load of metals to Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 p 8 31 pp 11 16]

The Elizabeth Mine has been previously investigated by State and Federal agencies and private companies As part of the various studies one or more samples of mine tailings surface water sediment fish tissues ground water and drinking water have been collected and analyzed for metals The results indicated the presence of metals that exceeded background levels [27 pp 9 11 30 pp 56 31 pp 25614-16 32 33 pp i 1 4-11]

Note

This MRS package does not include information published in documents regarding the Elizabeth Mine site dated October 2000 which were recently provided to the EPA

RI00461F October 2000 iii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD-REVIEW COVER SHEET

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

Contact Persons

Site Investigation Kathleen Jalkut Tetra Tech NUS (978) 658-7899

Documentation Record Nancy Smith EPA Region I (617) 918-1436

Pathways Components or Threats Not Scored

The MRS site score forthe Elizabeth Mine site is based on threats posed by the site to the surface water migration pathway After a review of the four pathways it was determined that the groundwater and air migration pathways as well as the soil exposure pathway would not contribute significantly to the overall site score Therefore these pathways have not been included in this MRS package

According to previous investigations VOCs (acetone and an unidentified aliphatic ester) and PCBs were detected in various media at the site however results were not used for scoring purposes in this MRS package These substances were detected in sources that were neither well defined nor considered significant to the primary sources onsite

RI00461F October 2000

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 5: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

The tailings on the property are rich in metals and sulfides As water passes over and through the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and the metals within the tailings are dissolved and mobilized This results in acid mine drainage [30 p 8] Acid mine drainage contributes an elevated load of metals to Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 p 8 31 pp 11 16]

The Elizabeth Mine has been previously investigated by State and Federal agencies and private companies As part of the various studies one or more samples of mine tailings surface water sediment fish tissues ground water and drinking water have been collected and analyzed for metals The results indicated the presence of metals that exceeded background levels [27 pp 9 11 30 pp 56 31 pp 25614-16 32 33 pp i 1 4-11]

Note

This MRS package does not include information published in documents regarding the Elizabeth Mine site dated October 2000 which were recently provided to the EPA

RI00461F October 2000 iii

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD-REVIEW COVER SHEET

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

Contact Persons

Site Investigation Kathleen Jalkut Tetra Tech NUS (978) 658-7899

Documentation Record Nancy Smith EPA Region I (617) 918-1436

Pathways Components or Threats Not Scored

The MRS site score forthe Elizabeth Mine site is based on threats posed by the site to the surface water migration pathway After a review of the four pathways it was determined that the groundwater and air migration pathways as well as the soil exposure pathway would not contribute significantly to the overall site score Therefore these pathways have not been included in this MRS package

According to previous investigations VOCs (acetone and an unidentified aliphatic ester) and PCBs were detected in various media at the site however results were not used for scoring purposes in this MRS package These substances were detected in sources that were neither well defined nor considered significant to the primary sources onsite

RI00461F October 2000

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

MRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD-REVIEW COVER SHEET

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

Contact Persons

Site Investigation Kathleen Jalkut Tetra Tech NUS (978) 658-7899

Documentation Record Nancy Smith EPA Region I (617) 918-1436

Pathways Components or Threats Not Scored

The MRS site score forthe Elizabeth Mine site is based on threats posed by the site to the surface water migration pathway After a review of the four pathways it was determined that the groundwater and air migration pathways as well as the soil exposure pathway would not contribute significantly to the overall site score Therefore these pathways have not been included in this MRS package

According to previous investigations VOCs (acetone and an unidentified aliphatic ester) and PCBs were detected in various media at the site however results were not used for scoring purposes in this MRS package These substances were detected in sources that were neither well defined nor considered significant to the primary sources onsite

RI00461F October 2000

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 7: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

HRS DOCUMENTATION RECORD

Name of Site Elizabeth Mine

EPA Region I Date Prepared October 25 2000

Street Address of Site Mine Road

County and State Orange County Vermont

General Location in the State East Central

Topographic Map United States Geological Survey 1981 (photo inspected 1983) South Strafford Quadrangle

Vermont 75 Minute Series (Topographic) [3]

Latitude 43deg 49 26 N Longitude 72deg 19 44 W [59]

Scores

Air Pathway Not Scored Ground Water Pathway Not Scored Soil Exposure Pathway Not Scored Surface Water Pathway 100

HRS SITE SCORE 50

RI00461F October 2000

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

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Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

WORKSHEET FOR COMPUTING MRS SITE SCORE

S S2

1 Ground Water Migration Pathway Score (SgJ NS NS (from Table 3-1 line 13)

2a Surface Water OverlandFlood Migration Component 100 (from Table 4-1 line 30)

2b Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Component _NS (from Table 4-25 line 28)

2c Surface Water Migration Pathway Score 100_ _10000_ Enter the larger of lines 2a and 2b as the pathway score

3 Soil Exposure Pathway Score (Ss) NS NS (from Table 5-1 line 22)

4 Air Migration Pathway Score (Sa) NS NS (from Table 6-1 line 12)

5 Total of S^2 + S^2 + Ss2 + Sa

2 _10000_

6 HRS Site Score Divide the value on line 5 by 4 and take the square root 50

NS = Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 9: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Factor Categories and Factors

DRINKING WATER THREAT

Likelihood of Release

1 Observed Release

2 Potential to Release by Overland Flow

2a Containment

2b Runoff

2c Distance to Surface Water

2d Potential to Release by Overland Flow

(Lines 2a x [2b+2c])

Potential to Release by Flood

3a Containment (Flood)

3b Flood Frequency

3c Potential to Release by Flood (lines 3a x 3b)

Potential to Release (lines 2d+3c) subject to a maximum of 500

Likelihood of Release (higher of lines 1 and 4)

Waste Characteristics

6 Toxicity x Persistence

7 Hazardous Waste Quantity

8 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

550

10

25

25

500

10

50

500

500

550

a

a

100

Value Assigned

550

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

NS

550 550

10000

10000

100 100

RI00461F October 2000

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

14

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Drinking Water Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

9

10

11

12

13

Nearest Intake

Population

10a

10b

10c

10d

Resources

Level I Concentrations

Level II Concentrations

Potential Contamination

Population (lines 10a+10b+10c)

Targets (lines 9+1 Od+11)

Drinking Water Threat Score ([Imes5x8x12]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT

Likelihood of Release

Likelihood of Release (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

15 Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

16 Hazardous Waste Quantity

17 Waste Characteristics

Maximum Value

50

b

b

b

b

5

b

100

550

a

a

1000

Value Assigned

0

Targets

0

0

0

0

5

5

333

5

333

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 11: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Human Food Cham Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors

18 Food Cham Individual

Maximum Value

50

19 Population

19a Level I Concentrations b

19b Level II Concentrations b

19c Potential Contamination b

19d Population (lines 19a+19b+19c)

b

20 Targets (lines 18+19d) b

21 Human Food Cham Threat Score ([lines 14x17x20]82500) subject to a maximum of 100

b

ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT

Likelihood of Release

22 Likelihood of Release 550 (same value as line 5)

Waste Characteristics

23 Ecosystem Toxicity x Persistence x Bioaccumulation

24 Hazardous Waste Quantity a

25 Waste Characteristics 1000

Value Assigned

45

0

003

0 000063

0 030063

45 030063

100 100

550

2E+08

10000

1000 1000

RI00461F October 2000

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 8 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 9

53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 10 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 11

66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 13

9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 14 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page A-l

Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page A-2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page B-l

Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page C-l

Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 12: FINAL HAZARD RANKING SYSTEM (HRS) PACKAGE - TEXT AND

26

TABLE 4-1 SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORESHEET

Environmental Threat Score (continued)

Factor Categories and Factors Maximum Value Value Assigned Targets

Sensitive Environments

26a Level I Concentrations b 0

26b Level II Concentrations b 5

26c Potential Contamination b 0 11

26d Sensitive Environments b 5 11 (lines 26a+26b+26c)

27 Targets (value from line 26d) b 511

28 Environmental Threat Score 60 3406 3406 ([lines 22 x 25 x 27]82500) subject to a maximum of 60

SURFACE WATER OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT SCORE FOR A WATERSHED

29 Watershed Score (c) 100 100 (lines 13+21+28) subject to a maximum of 100

30 Component Score (c) 100 100 (highest score from line 29 for all watersheds scored subject to a maximum of 100)

a = maximum value applicable b = maximum vale not applicable c = do not round to nearest integer NS = not scored

RI00461F October 2000

NOTES TO THE READER

Laboratory Analysis - The surface water samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 The sediment samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a Delivery of Analytical Service (DAS) Work assignment in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 OSOW as modified by technical specification S99shyRAC1-108 The CLP Method ILMO 4 0 was modified to compensate for the low percentage of solids (high percentage of moisture) in the sediment samples Additionally the method had a provision for low sample pH and a high concentration of metals

Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

Water Samples - The Contract Required Detection Limit was used as the minimal sample reporting limit for each metal analyzed [56]

Sample Quantitation Limit (SQL) - SQLs presented in this MRS package were determined accordingly

SoilSediment Samples - The Instrument Detection Limit (converted from micrograms per liter OugL) to milligrams per kilogram (mgkg)) corrected by the percent solids and the amount of sample analyzed was used as the minimal sample reporting limit or SQL for each metal analyzed [67 pp 1-4]

Reference Citations - All reference citations used to document the MRS score utilize the following conventions

[20] = Single reference No 20 (all references cited by number)

[4-6] = Multiple references including references 4 5 and 6

p = Single page (Example p 4 o f p 1-2)

pp = Multiple pages (Example pp 4 5 6 or pp 4-6 or pp 4 to 6)

= Next reference

App = Appendix

Tab = Table

Fig = Figure

Vol = Volume

NS = Not Scored

For example Tailings Pile No 3 is comprised of multiple piles of red and yellow coarse-textured material and slag [27 p 6 30 p 5 31 p 236 p 4]

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[I] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1990 Final Rule Hazard Ranking System (40 CFR Part 300 Vol 55 No 241) US Environmental Protection Agency December 14 138 pages

[2] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Superfund Chemical Data Matrix July 2 1996

[3] United States Geological Survey 1981 South Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 7 5 Minute Series Topographic Map Photomspected 1983

[4] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with R Seal (United States Geological Survey) RE Information on Copperas Brook Unnamed Brook adjacent to the air shaft April 4 1 page

[5] SandersonS (Dynamac Corporation) 1999 Telephone Conversation Record with the Strafford Town Clerk (Town of Strafford) RE Tax Assessors Information Augusts 1 page

[6] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 (Issued) Field Logbook for Elizabeth Mine Hazardous Ranking System Evaluation CERCLIS No VTD988366571 Project No N0308-0400 pp1 -8 October 48 pages

[7] VT DEC (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) 1998 Assessment Report West Branch Ompompanoosuc River VT 14-02 December 9 3 pages

[8] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[9] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rates in the Connecticut River January 19 3 pages

[10] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Surface Water Pathway October 6 1 page

[II] Reserved

[12] Rose K (Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) 2000 Letter to K Jalkut (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) RE Elizabeth Mine Natural Heritage Program Information January 20 2 pages

[13] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark(US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27454 February 15 8 pages

[14] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0106H Januarys 15 pages

[15] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 MemorandumtoC Clark (U S Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results Case No 27569 February 15 10 pages

[16] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with M Young (Vermont Dept of Environmental Conservation) RE Potential Sources and Property Acreage Information Elizabeth Mine January 12 2 pages

RI00461F October 2000

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[17] DeLorme 1996 Vermont Atlas amp Gazetteer Topographic Maps of the Entire State Ninth Edition 6 pages

[18] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with E Marshall (Vermont Dept of Fish amp Wildlife) RE Rare Threatened or Endangered Species at Elizabeth Mine January 26 1 page

[19] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Stuart (Vermont DEC Water Supply Division) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 18 1 page

[20] Howard P F (Vermont Geological Survey) 1969 The Geology of the Elizabeth Mine Vermont Economic Geology No 5 6 pages

[21 ] United States Environmental Protection Agency (United States Environmental Protection Agency) 1992 The Hazard Ranking System Guidance Manual (Interim Final) November 9 pages

[22] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Approximate Drainage Area for West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 4 pages

[23] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with T Jillson (Water Company for Hanover New Hampshire) RE Public Drinking Water Supply (Surface Water Intakes) January 19 1 page

[24] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1991 Hazardous Materials Management Division Screening Site Inspection Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont August 57 pages

[25] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with J Kornfield (Graduate Student Dartmouth College) RE Flow Rate data for Copperas Brook air shaft on south bank of the West Branch Ompomponoosuc River April 3 3 pages

[26] Blaisdell K 1982 Over the River and Through the Years Book Four Mills and Mines Courier Printing Company 10 pages

[27] United States Army Corps of Engineers 1989 Hydraulic Evaluation and Revegetation Study for the Elizabeth Mine Site Strafford Vermont August 56 pages

[28] United States Department of the Interior 1985 Rutland VT-NH Quadrangle 30x60 Minute Series 1 100000-Scale Metric Topographic Map

[29] Step By Step 1999 A Citizens Guide to the Chemistry and Hydrology of the Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont May 6 3 pages

[30] Step by Step SDamanscotta 1999 Hydrologic Characterization and Remediation Options forthe Elizabeth Mine South Strafford Vermont February 10 102 pages

[31] Colorado School of Mines Research Institute 1984 Water Quality Implications and Control Techniques Associated with the Proposed Union Village Hydroelectric Project January 31 40 pages

[32] Vermont Agency of Natural Resources 1969 Report on Mine Pollution in the Ompompanoosuc River Basin April 25 pages

RI00461F October 2000 10

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[33] UnitedStates Army Corps of Engineers 1990 Effects of the Abandoned Elizabeth Copper Mine on Fisheries Resources of the West Branch of the Ompompanoosuc River January 20 pages

[34] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Hanover Vermont-New Hampshire October

[35] United States Department of the Interior 1995 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for West Half of Canaan New Hampshire-Vermont

[36] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for South Strafford Vermont October

[37] United States Department of the Interior 1977 Fish and Wildlife Service National Wetlands Inventory Map for Lyme New Hampshire-Vermont October

[38] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Source Acreage October 6 2 pages

[39] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01141500 January 11 1 page

[40] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for West Branch Ompompanoosuc R Tr at South Strafford Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwis wVTstatnum=01140800 January 11 1 page

[41] Vermont Water Resources Board 1997 Vermont Water Quality Standards RE Clean Water Act Adopted April 2 1997 - Effective April 21 1997 55 pages

[42] United States Geological Survey 2000 Water Data for Connecticut River at South Newbury Vermont Internet site http waterdata United States Geological Survey govnwiswVTstatnum=01139500 January 11 1 page

[43] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with S Olsen (UnitedStates Geological Survey Pembroke NH) RE Average Runoff Values in Vermont February 14 1 page

[44] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Flow Rate Conversion Factor Values February 14 2 pages

[45] Tetra Tech NUS Inc (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 1999 Sample Logsheets (Liquid Phase and Solid Phase) for Elizabeth Mine Strafford Vermont October and November 34 pages

[46] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with K Rose (Fish and Wildlife Technician Vermont Agency of Natural Resources Fish amp Wildlife) RE Elizabeth Mine Sensitive Environments April 6 1 page

[47] Vermont Agency of Environmental Conservation Department of Water Resources 1977 Memorandum to D Clough (Director) from W McLean (Chief Monitoring amp Surveillance) RE Elizabeth Mine South Stafford Vermont December 2 6 pages

RI00461F October 2000 11

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[48] United States Geological Survey 1999 Characterization of Mine Waste at the Elizabeth Copper Mine Orange County Vermont Open File Report 99-564 No date 88 pages

[49] Daley Y 1989 Illegal Dumping of Waste Is Alleged at Inactive Copper Mine in Vermont Boston Globe July 23 1 page

[50] Tetra Tech NUS Inc 2000 Memorandum to C Clark (US Environmental Protection Agency) RE Inorganic Sample Results DAS Case No 0116H January 12 22 pages

[51] Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation 1990 Project Notes Elizabeth Mine Site Visit February and March 4 pages

[52] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1999 Memorandum to W Chau (On-scene Coordinator Office of Environmental Measurement amp Evaluation EPA) from P Tyler (Aquatic Biologist Ecological Risk Assessor EPA) RE Preliminary Ecological Risk Evaluation for the Elizabeth Copper Mine in Strafford Vermont September 29 19 pages

[53] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Kirn (Fishery Management District) RE Fishery Information on the Surface Water Pathway January 12 1 page

[54] Cook L H (Property Owner) 1992 Letter to W E Ahearn (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division VTDEC) RE Transformer Storage at Elizabeth Mine March 13 2 pages

[55] Young M (Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) No Year Telephone Conversation Record with L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer Information at Elizabeth Mine March 13 1 page

[56] United States Environmental Protection Agency No date United States Environmental Protection Agency Contract Laboratory Program Statement of Work for Inorganic Analysis Multi-media multi-concentration ILM04 0 RE Contract Required Detection Limits for Target Analytes p C-2 2 pages

[57] Ahearn W (Director Hazardous Materials Management Division Vermont Department of Environmental Conservation) 1992 Letter to L Cook (Property Owner) RE Transformer stored at Elizabeth Mine in South Strafford Vermont February 21 22 pages

[58] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with Mr Rich Hopkins (State of Vermont - Water Quality) RE Resources January 19 1 page

[59] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Site Location January 20 1 page

[60] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with D Burnham (Vermont Water Quality) RE State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life April 3 1 page

[61] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River October 6 1 page

[62] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Downstream Distances from PPEs October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 12

REFERENCES

Reference Number Description of the Reference

[63] Sanderson S (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Ompompanoosuc River April 3 1 page

[64] Sandersons (Dynamac Corporation) 2000 Telephone Conversation Record with A Dambnll (Clean Water Act Hotline) and attached fax transmission of Clean Water Act RE Clean Water Act March 31 3 pages

[65] United States Environmental Protection Agency 1996 Using Qualified Data to Document an Observed Release and Observed Contamination Office of Emergency and Remedial Response (5204G) EPA 540-Fshy94-028 OSWER 9 285 7-14FS November 18 18 pages

[66] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc) 2000 Calculation Worksheets Elizabeth Mine RE Release and Background Sample Location Adjustment Factors and Adjusted Data Summary Table July 13 18 pages

[67] Terzis L (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 SQL Calculation RE Elizabeth Mine September 28 4 pages

[68] United States Geological Survey 1944 Strafford Vermont Quadrangle 15 Minute Series Surficial Geologic Map 1949 Edition

[69] Jalkut K (Tetra Tech NUS Inc ) 2000 Project Note Elizabeth Mine RE Wetland Frontage Calculation for the Connecticut River October 6 1 page

RI00461F October 2000 13

OTHER POSSIBLE SOURCES

The following sources were identified during previous investigations however sufficient documentation for scoring these sources was not identified Therefore they were not used in this MRS package for purposes of scoring

In 1989 the State of Vermont determined portions of the Elizabeth Mine site were used as an illegal dump site for out-of-state refuse construction debris and possibly domestic sewage sludge [49 52 p 4 16 p 1] The dump site was located in the west-central portion of the tailings in Pile No 1 [16 p 1 51 p 2] Vermont ANRDEC personnel collected a sludge sample from an excavated pit m the source area The sample was analyzed for TCLP metals and VOCs [16 p 1] The Vermont DEC determined the sludge material was nonshyhazardous [16 p 1] The materials were left in place and the pit was backfilled [16 p 1] Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Transformers

In 1988 personnel from the Army Corps of Engineers (ACOE) were onsite and observed transformers in the vicinity of Tailings Pile No 2 The ACOE reported this discovery to the Vermont DEC and informed them that the transformers appeared to be leaking [16 p 2] A follow-up inquiry by the Vermont DEC revealed that the transformers were owned by the former mining company and had been on site at least 30 years [51 p 3 55]

In August 1990 the DEC conducted soil sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil samples SB-3 and SB-4 were collected from transformer storage areas and analyzed for PCBs [24 Fig 1 App B p 20 Tab 6] PCBs were detected in soil sample SB-3 at a concentration of 221 89 micrograms per kilogram [24 App B p 21 Tab 7]

In November 1991 a total of 20 transformers were inspected by the DEC [57 pp 145] Sixteen transformers were stored in a compressor building and four were stored outside near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] Oil-stained soil was observed around one of the transformers near Tailings Pile No 2 [57 p 1] As a result of the inspection the DEC confirmed that one of the transformers stored outside was leaking Oil in a majority of the transformers was sampled [57 p 1]

Analytical data indicates that one transformer stored on site contained oil with a PCB concentration of 300 micrograms per gram [57 pp 19] By order of the State the property owner was required to remove two of the transformers and excavate contaminated soil around the leaking transformer for proper disposal [57 p 2] The property owner responded with proposed plans for the removal [54 pp 12] No follow-up inspections or post-removal soil sampling activities were performed by the State [16 p 2] Removal activities were proposed after the Screening Site Inspection was initiated Additional file information regarding this source was not found

Underground Mine Workings

Underground mine workings at the Elizabeth Mine extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] These areas were accessed from the open-cuts adits in the walls of the open-cuts and vertical shafts [48 p 3] Portions of the underground workings flooded after the mining operation was abandoned [27 p 2] None of the subsurface (tunnels shafts etc ) workings of the mine were investigated or scored in this MRS package

Other Mine Waste

There are two open-cut mines in the southwest portion of the site that represent some of the oldest workings at the Elizabeth Mine (Figure 1) File information indicates that there are several small piles of mine waste down slope of these open-cuts [48 pp 10 12 30 pp 521] These piles were not investigated and were not scored in this MRS package

RI00461F October 2000 14

SD-Charactenzation and Containment

SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 1

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 (Piles)

Source 1 represents two piles of tailings that were generated by mining milling and ore processes on the property Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2 are considered one source because they consist of fine-grained material generated from a flotation mill that was used during the latter part of the mining operation (1943shy1958) [48 p 7] The total production from 1943 to 1958 was 2967000 tons of ore containing more than 90000000 pounds of copper [20 p 10 26 p 84] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 and the older tailings in Pile No 3 [48 P 28]

The two piles cover approximately 35 acres [48 p 15] Tailings Pile No 1 forms a plateau-like feature (i e pile) on the lower portion of the property and occupies approximately 30 acres Tailings Pile No 2 overlies Tailings Pile No 1 at the southwest end of Tailings Pile No 1 Like Tailings Pile No 1 tailings in Pile No 2formaraised plateau and cover approximately 5 acres [48 p 15] The fine-grained tailings are comprised of silt and sand sized particles uniformly reddish-brown in color [6 pp 30 34 3 27 p 6 31 p 17] Various amounts of pyrrhotite jarosite goethite gypsum mica feldspar and quartz are some of the minerals that make up the fme-gramed tailings [48 p 15]

Ore was crushed into a powder and ground for flotation through an onsite mill [26 p 82 48 p 7] Copper and pyrrhotite were extracted using copper sulfate sulfunc acid cyanide pentasol amyl xanthate pine oil and pentasol 124 alcohol in the flotation circuit [26 p 82 48 pp 5-6] Tailings sank to the bottom of the flotation separator and were decanted via open troughs to a tailings pond for sedimentation [26 p 82 48 p 6 27 p 2] Decant towers were built into the piles to dewaterthe tailings [48 p 7] The decanted water flows through a buried conduit to the base of the pile at the northeast corner of Tailings Pile No 1 and discharges from a culvert into the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [27 p 8 48 p 7 6 p 41]

In October 1999 an EPA contractor collected source samples from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for Target Analyte List (TAL) metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RACI-108 [14 pp 1-15]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 1 is located in a valley east of Mine Road situated between Copperas Hill to the west and Gove Hill to the east (Figure 2) [3 6 p 33] Tailings Pile No 2 overlies the southwest portion of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [3 6 p 34 27 Fig 3 38]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

The slopes of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 are unvegetated and deeply eroded While some erosion control measures have been taken to reduce the migration of tailings into the environment (i e partial soil cover on top of Tailings Pile No 1 and vegetation on top of Tailings Pile No 2) both piles are still subject to significant weathering and erosion processes [6 pp 30 32-35]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings piles into Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 pp 30-35]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 1 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 15

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 1

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

As part of this MRS field effort an EPA contractor collected source sample SO-02 and its duplicate SO-DUP-01 from Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) The samples were analyzed for TAL metals by a procured laboratory under a DAS work assignment using CLP method ILMO4 0 modified according to Technical Specification S99-RACIshy108 The CLP method ILMO4 0 was modified to account for the samples low pH and high concentration of metals and low percentage of solids A Tier III data validation was performed by an EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [14 pp 1-15]

The following table summarizes the Comprehensive Environmental Response Compensation and Liability Act (CERCLA) hazardous substances associated with Tailings PileNos 1 and 2 (Source 1) at the Elizabeth Mine site based on analytical results

Hazardous substance Evidence (Sample No ) Reference

Aluminum D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Barium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Chromium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Cobalt D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Copper D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Iron D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Lead D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Magnesium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Manganese D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Mercury D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Nickel D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Potassium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) 114 p 14] Selenium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Vanadium D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14] Zinc D00385 (SO-02) and D00387(SO-DUP-01) [14 p 14]

RI00461F October 2000 16

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 1

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Multiple different average values for Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) are reported in file information In a 1989 study the Army Corps of Engineers reported that the tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 32 acres and 5 acres respectively [27 p 6] In a 1999 report the US Geological Survey states that Tailings Pile No 1 represents a 30-acre accumulation of fine-grained tailings and Tailings Pile No 2 covers 5 acres [48 p 15] In April 1999 a member of the Elizabeth Mine Study Group indicated that Tailings Piles Nos 1 and 2 covered approximately 38 acres [6 p 39]

EPA contractor personnel estimated the surface area of Source 1 (Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2) at 40 acres by using a topographic map and a grid system overlay This area represents a two-dimensional surface area encompassed by the pile and therefore does not account for the surface area represented in the third dimension (contour lines) of the topographic map [38 1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

For the purposes of this HRS package the acreage reported by the USGS (35 acres) will be used as the area of the source

1 acre = 43560 ft2

35 acres = 1524600ft2

Area of source (ft2) 1524600

Reference(s) [48 p 15]

The area of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

1524600 ft2 - 13 = 117276 92 Area Assigned Value 117276 92

RI00461F October 2000 17

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 1

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 1 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 1 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 11727692

RI00461F October 2000 18

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 2

Name and description of the source Tailings Pile No 3 (Pile)

Unlike the processed fine-grained material in Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) Pile No 3 (Source 2) is comprised of a coarse-textured material from early mining operations (19th century) when ore recovery was not as refined [30 p 5 27 p 6 48 p 12 6 p 36] Geochemical data for composite surface soil tailings shows chemical differences between the older tailings in Pile No 3 and the younger tailings in Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 28] Therefore Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) is being evaluated and scored separately from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres and consists of several mounds of mine wastespoils USGS reports that the description mine spoil is more befitting than tailings because there is a degree of uncertainty to which metals were extracted from the waste products during processing More metals may be present in Tailings Pile No 3 versus Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [48 p 12] Less efficient metal extraction techniques were used prior to the development of the modern flotation separator used for reprocessing the preexisting mine spoils [48 pp 5 12 27 p 6 26 p 82] Tailings Pile No 3 is heterogeneous in color varying from red to yellow-colored mounds [6 p 36] The varying colors reflect the dominant soil minerals [48 p 12] Reddish-colored mounds are hematite-rich (iron oxide mineral) and yellowish-colored piles are jarosite-nch (iron hydroxy sulfate mineral) [48 P 12]

The Elizabeth Mine was worked intermittently over a period of more than 100 years [27 pp 12] Ore was processed by a variety of techniques Six copper smelters were built and operated at the mine in the 19m century [20 p 67] Slag (product of onsite smelting) is present in Tailings Pile No 3 [6 p 36 31 p 23] Someoftheslag surfaces were iridescent [6 p 36] Between 1830 and 1930 approximately 250000 tons of ore were mined from which 10500000 pounds of copper were produced [20 p 8]

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection Soil sediment surface water groundwater and drinking water samples were collected [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] Samples were submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for one or more of the following analyses metals semivolatile organic compounds (SVOC) volatile organic compounds (VOC) and PCBs [24 App B p 20 Tab 6] A source sample SB-1 was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 Analytical results indicate concentrations of arsenic chromium copper lead mercury selenium and zinc [24 App B p 20 Tab 6 p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

Tailings Pile No 3 is located west of Mine Road and east of the northernmost open-cut mine This pile extends from the open-cut across the unimproved access road and is approximately 1500 feet southwest (upslope) of Tailings Pile No 2 (Figures 1 and 2) [3 27 p 7] Copperas Brook originates from this tailings pile and flows east northeast toward Tailings Pile No 1 and Tailings Pile No 2

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

Tailings Pile No 3 consists of mine waste associated with earlier periods of the mines history that was dumped in piles [27 p 4] Copperas Brook flows from Tailings Pile No 3 through an erosion gully in Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 pp A-5toA-7 30 p 216 p 3148 p 7 12] Copperas Brook flows along the surface and eroded channels of the tailings piles as well as through the existing concrete conduit that has been largely undermined and destroyed [27 pp A-5 to A-7 6 p 31]

RI00461F October 2000 19

SD-Characterization and Containment Source No 2

Tailings Pile No 3 is almost devoid of vegetation North-facing slopes of the waste piles have deep erosion channels [6 pp 3637] Wood planks and bricks possibly remnants of smelters or processing buildings were observed in some of the piles [6 p 37]

The slope of Tailings Pile No 3 is unvegetated and deeply eroded [6 pp 3637] No erosion control measures have been taken to prevent the migration of tailings into the environment There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the tailings in Pile No 3 into the environment [6 p 37]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 2 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 20

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 2

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In August 1990 the Vermont DEC conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine for the Screening Site Inspection A source sample (SB-1) was collected from Tailings Pile No 3 [24 Figs land 2 p 7] The sample was submitted to the Vermont DEC laboratory for metals and semtvolatile organic compound analyses [24 App B p 20 Tab 6]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 2 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Arsenic 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Chromium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Copper 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Lead 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Mercury 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Selenium 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

Zinc 56550 (SB-1) [24 App B p 21 Tab 7 App C p 29]

RI00461F October 2000 21

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 2

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored (NS) for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

2 4 2 1 4 Area

Tailings Pile No 3 does not appear on the USGS topographic map for the South Strafford Quadrangle Vermont An EPA contractor could not estimate the size of the pile using the grid overlay as was done in the evaluation of Source 1 File information indicates Tailings Pile No 3 covers approximately 6 acres [48 p 12] Therefore 6 acres was used as the area of Tailings Pile No 3 for this HRS package

1 acre = 43560 ft2

6 acres = 261360 ft2

Area of source (ft2) 261360

Reference(s) [48 p 12]

The area of Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) in square feet is divided by 13 to determine the area assigned value of the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

261360ft2 -13 = 2010462 Area Assigned Value 2010462

RI00461F October 2000 22

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 2

2 4 2 1 5 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 2 was calculated based on the Area Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Hazardous Wastestream Quantity and Volume Assigned Values were not scored for Source 2 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 20104 62

RI00461F October 2000 23

SD-Charactenzation and Containment Source No 3

22 Source Characterization

Number of the source 3

Name and description of the source Air Shaft Discharge (acid mine drainage)

Source No 3 represents acid mine drainage discharging from an air shaft that once provided ventilation to underground work areas [27 p 2] After the Elizabeth Mine was abandoned lower portions of the mine (including the air shaft) flooded [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 1925pp 23] Onceon the ground the drainage flows overland approximately 35 feet to the west and empties into an unnamed brook The unnamed brook empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

A mound of materials have accumulated around the air shaft The dimensions of this mound are approximately 40 feet (L) x 20 feet (W) x 5 feet (H) [45 pp 1213] Studies indicate that the materials consist of iron salts and aluminum minerals that have precipitated out of the acid mine drainage [31 p 19 48 p 17] The precipitates are typically found in areas where acidic waters mix with near neutral waters that increase the pH values to around 5 the value at which aqueous aluminum hydrolyzes to form AI(OH)2+[48 pp 17 19] The pH of the acid mine drainage was approximately 5 based on water quality measurements collected by an EPA Contractor [45 P 11]

A drainage pipe positioned at the air shaft directs the flow of the discharge The acid mine drainage flows through the pipe and empties onto the ground at the base of the mound The area through which the discharge flows consists of shallow ponded water muck-like organic-rich soil decayed leaves and dead trees [45 pp 12 13]

Previous studies indicate that the acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft contributes less than 3 percent of the total metal load reaching the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [31 p 2] The organic material in the muck-like area through which the drainage flows acts as a filter and absorbs metals [31 p 26]

Location of the source with reference to a map of the site

The air shaft is located approximately 0 6 of a mile upstream of the confluence between Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River It is at least 50 feet above the south bank of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The air shaft is approximately 0 7 of a mile east of the intersection between Tyson Road and Route 132 and is visible from the road [45 pp 12 29]

Containment

Release via overland migration andor flood

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage (SW-10) discharging from the pipe a sediment sample (SD-13) from the unnamed brook at PPE No 2 and a surface water sample (SW-08) at the confluence of the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Based on analytical data there is evidence of hazardous substance migration from the air shaft discharge to the unnamed brook and West Branch Ompompanoosuc [13 p 7 15 p 10 50 p 22 ]

There is no engineered cover liner or functioning and maintained run-on control system and run-off management system to prevent migration of hazardous substances from the air shaft discharge into the environment [45 pp 11-13]

A containment factor of 10 has been assigned to Source 3 [1 p 51609 Tab 4-2]

RI00461F October 2000 24

SD-Hazardous Substances Source No 3

2 4 1 Hazardous Substances

In November 1999 an EPA Contractor collected a sample of the acid mine drainage MAMBOO (SW-10) from the drainage pipe (Figure 2) [45 pp 11-13] The sample was analyzed for TAL metals according to the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work A Tier III data validation was performed by the EPA Contractor The data were validated according to the Region I EPA-NE Laboratory Data Validation Functional Guidelines for Evaluating Inorganic Analyses modified February 1989 [15 pp 1-10]

The following table summarizes the CERCLA hazardous substances associated with Source 3 at the Elizabeth Mine

Hazardous substance Evidence Reference

Aluminum MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Barium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Cobalt MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Copper MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Iron MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Magnesium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Manganese MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Nickel MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Potassium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Sodium MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10] Zinc MAMBOO (SW-10) [15 p 10]

RI00461F October 2000 25

SD-Hazardous Waste Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 Hazardous Waste Quantity

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

RI00461F October 2000 26

SD-Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Source No 3

2 4 2 1 2 Hazardous Wastestream Quantity

The air shaft was built to provide ventilation to the underground workings of the mine [27 p 2] When the mining operation was abandoned portions of the mine flooded (including the air shaft) [27 p 2] Acid mine drainage within the mine flows upgradient through the shaft and discharges onto the ground surface near the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 45 pp 11-13]

As part of a study to determine the annual load of metals from acid mine drainage associated with the Elizabeth Mine the volume of acid mine drainage discharging from the air shaft was measured for one year [25 pp 1-3] Between October 1998 and September 1999 the average annual flow rate from the air shaft was approximately 0 9 gallons per second This rate is equivalent to 28382400 gallons per year [25 p 2]

Hazardous Quantity Wastestream (pounds) Reference

Acid Mine Drainage 283824000 [25 p 2]

Sum 283824000 (pounds)

The mass of the hazardous Wastestream allocated to Source 3 in pounds is divided by 5000 to assign a Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value to the source [1 p 51591 Tab 2-5]

283824000 - 5000 = 56764 8

Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Value (W) 56764 8

RI00461F October 2000 27

SD-Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value Source No 3

24215 Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

The Hazardous Waste Quantity for Source 3 was calculated based on the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity Assigned Value The Hazardous Constituent Quantity Assigned Value was not scored for Source 3 because sufficient documentation for scoring purposes was not identified The Volume and Area Assigned Values were not scored because the Hazardous Wastestream Quantity was adequately determined [1 p 51591]

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value 567648

RI00461F October 2000 28

SD-Summary

SITE SUMMARY OF SOURCE DESCRIPTIONS

Source No

Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value

Ground Water

Containment

Surface Water Gas

Air Particulate

1 11727692 NS 10 NS NS

2 2010462 NS 10 NS NS

3 5676480 NS 10 NS NS

[1 p51609 Tab 4-2]

NS = Not Scored

Total Source Hazardous Waste Quantity Value =

Rounded to nearest integer = 194146

19414634

RI00461F October 2000 29

SWOF-Surface Water Overland FlowFlood Migration Pathway

4 1 OVERLANDFLOOD MIGRATION COMPONENT

4 1 1 1 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR OVERLANDFLOOD COMPONENT

The Elizabeth Mine is located within the Copperas Brook and Lord Brook watersheds [30 pp 19-21] A drainage divide separates the two open-cut mines [32 Fig 2 48 p 12] Drainage belowthe northern open-cut mine flows into Copperas Brook and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 p 21] Drainage from the southern-most open-cut mine enters Lord Brook which also discharges to theWestBranch Ompompanoosuc River [3 30 pp 19 2148 p 12] For HRS purposes the Elizabeth Mine is located within a single watershed because Copperas Brook and Lord Brook flow into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River within the 15-mile target distance limit for sources at the site [1 p 51605]

Precipitation at the Elizabeth Mine site either flows overland as surface runoff into Copperas Brook or infiltrates and leaches through the tailings or flows andor falls directly into the open cuts and adits [3 27 p 2 32 pp 45]

Drainage via Copperas Brook

The Elizabeth Mine site is drained primarily by Copperas Brook [3 27 p 8] The Copperas Brook watershed spans approximately 300 acres from the east side of Copperas Hill to the west side of Gove Hill [30 pp 19-21] Copperas Brook begins at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 (Figure 2) [30 p 21] Prior to the emplacement of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 the Brook flowed through a valley and emptied into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 8 68] During the latter period of mining (1943-1958) Copperas Brook was rerouted through a concrete pipe buried beneath Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 [27 p 8 31 p 17] Decant towers were constructed to dewater the tailing slurry deposited in the valley The slurry supernatant was routed through the concrete conduit (rerouting Copperas Brook) to the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [27 p 8 31 p 17]

Since mining operations were abandoned erosion has exposed undermined and destroyed the drainage conduit system on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 [27 pp 8 A-5 31 p 17]

Currently Copperas Brook flows overland from the base of Tailings Pile No 3 through an eroded gully along Tailings Pile No 2 and onto the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters ponded water [6 p 31 48 p 7] The decant tower on the north-northeast side of the ponded water reroutes the surface water underneath Tailings Pile No 1 via a deteriorated system of concrete pipes to the base of the pile [27 p 8] Copperas Brook discharges via a culvert at the northeast corner of the tailings pile [6 pp 3031] In addition to flowing through the decant tower water and acid mine drainage also flows through an eroded gap between the tailings and the outside of the tower [6 p 31]

Drainage via Intermittent Flow

During precipitation events surface runoff from the Elizabeth Mine site also flows west across Tailings Pile No 1 and empties into a drainage ditch and erosion channels (Figure 2) [6 p 43 30 p 21] Precipitation that infiltrates the tailings emerges as seeps along the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 pp 3343] These seeps and intermittent streams of acid mine drainage eventually discharge into and follow the natural streambed of Copperas Brook [68 6 p 33]

R100461F October 2000 30

Drainage via Open-cuts and Adits

The open-cuts and adits are connected by underground shafts [32 pp 45 20 Plate 4 App I p 67] Underground workings extend to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [48 p 7] Precipitation that falls into the open-cuts and adits likely moves through the underground workings via tunnels [32 pp 45 20 Fig 13 p 28] An air shaft once built to provide ventilation to underground workings flooded after mining operations were abandoned [27 p 2] This air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface [6 p 44 27 p 231 p 19 45 pp 11-13]

Two probable points of entry (PPEs) have been identified where hazardous substances enter the surface water pathway at the site (Figure 2) [10]

PPE1 - Source Nos 1 and 2

PPE1 is at a culvert located at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 where Copperas Brook exits a buried conduit Surface runoff from Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook on the east side of Tailings Pile No 2 and on the surface of Tailings Pile No 1 where it enters a small pond [3 48 p 7] Surface runoff from Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) flows overland and intersects Copperas Brook at the base of the pile [3 30 p 21] Streamflow in Copperas Brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE1 and perennial at elevations below PPE1 [4 25 pp 1-3]

From the base of Tailings Pile No 1 Copperas Brook flows north approximately 0 4 of a mile downstream and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River At its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River surface water flows southeast approximately 4 4 miles and merges with the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River [3 10 28 34-37] The 15-mile surface water target distance limit (TDL1) from PPE1 is approximately 5 7 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10 34-37]

PPE2 - Source No 3

PPE2 is in an unnamed brook west of the air shaft (Source 3) (Figure 2) Acid mine drainage discharged from the flooded shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and intersects the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Streamflow in the unnamed brook is considered intermittent at elevations above PPE2 and perennial at elevations below PPE2 [25 pp 23]

From PPE2 the unnamed brook flows north approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows approximately 0 6 miles southeast and converges with drainage from PPE1 at the confluence with Copperas Brook Below this confluence the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east-southeast approximately 4 3 miles and discharges into the Ompompanoosuc River The Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 1 3 miles to the Union Village Flood Control Dam Belowthe dam the Ompompanoosuc River flows southeast approximately 3 2 miles and empties into the Connecticut River The 15-mile surface water TDL (TDL2) from PPE2 is approximately 5 6 miles downstream of the Ompompanoosuc RiverConnecticut River confluence (Figure 3) [10]

The average annual flow rate of Copperas Brook is estimated at 0 32 cubic feet per second (cfs) as measured atthe mouth ofthewaterbody [25] For the purposes of the MRS scoring package Copperas Brook is considered a minimal stream (flow rate less than 10 cfs) [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The average annual flow rate of the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft was based on the flow contributed by the air shaft The average annual flow rate of the air shaft is estimated at 0 12 cfs [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is considered a minimal stream for HRS purposes [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

According to the USGS the closest gauging station to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is in a tributary to the River in South Strafford Vermont (Gauging Station 01140800) The drainage area reported at this station was not used to estimate a flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River because it characterizes the tributary and not the River [40]

RI00461F October 2000 31

An EPA Contractor estimated the flow rate of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River based on the drainage area of the River and the mean annual runoff rate that was calculated for the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont According to the calculations streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River travels at approximately 133 cfs [22 43 44 pp 12] Bodies of water with a streamflow at this rate are considered moderate to large streams (greater than 100 to 1000 cfs) [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

Gauging station 01141500 in the Ompompanoosuc River at Union Village Vermont is approximately 6 5 miles downstream of PPE1 [310] The flow rate at this station was determined from USGS data for the drainage area and the mean annual runoff rate for the region [39 43] Based on calculations the flow rate of the Ompompanoosuc River at gauging station 01141500 is approximately 173 cfs [8 44 pp 12] There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Bodies of water with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All stream flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream target distance limit for the surface water pathway [19 23 28]

Approximately 1 4 miles of wetland frontage exist along the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [34-37 61 63 69]

The State of Vermont Nongame and Natural Heritage Program database lists one state and federally endangered species and one state threatened species for the 15-mile downstream surface water pathway [12 18 46]

RI00461F October 2000 32

SWOF-Observed Release

4121 LIKELIHOOD OF RELEASE

41211 Observed Release

An observed release was established by direct observation and chemical analysis Documentation for both is discussed below

Direct Observation

Following the abandonment of the Elizabeth Mine portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2 32 p 3] Theairshaft once used for ventilation of underground workings discharges acid mine drainage (Figure 2) [27 p 2 25] The acid mine drainage discharged from the air shaft spills onto the ground Acid mine drainage that does not pond or infiltrate the ground flows overland and discharges into an unnamed brook approximately 35 feet west of the airshaft This discharge was observed by an EPA contractor on Novembers 1999 [45 pp 11-13] As part of a study discharge from the air shaft was documented to flow continuously from October 1998 to September 1999 [25 p 2] The unnamed brook is a perennial body of water between PPE2 and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc [25 pp 1-3] Analytical results for sample MAMBOO (SW-10) collected from the end of the discharge pipe at the air shaft documents the presence of hazardous substances associated with this source [15 p 10] Therefore based on sample SW-10 from Source 3 an observed release by direct observation has been documented The following hazardous substances were documented in Source 3

Hazardous Sample ID Substance Concentration CRDL References

(ugl) (ugl)

MAMBOO Aluminum 5100 200 [15 p 10] (SW-10) Barium ND1 200 [15 p 10]

Cobalt 707 50 [15 p 10] Copper 207 25 [15 p 10] Iron 59900 100 [15 p 10] Magnesium 25000 5000 [15 p 10] Manganese 2420 15 [15 p 10] Nickel ND1 40 [15 p 10] Potassium 5200 5000 [15 p 10] Sodium 5050J 5000 [15 p 10] Zinc 634 20 [15 p 10]

Notes CRDL = Contract Required Detection Limit = Additional references include [56 65 pp 1-18] J = J qualified data indicates that a bias has been assigned to the sample result The analyte

is definitely present however the reported concentration is an estimate [65 p 5] The sodium concentration is biased high due to high performance evaluation sample results [15 p 7] Despite this bias this data is reported without application of adjustment factors This concentration is reported to document hazardous substances in a source sample it is not being used to establish an observed release

(ugl) = micrograms per liter ND1 = Concentrations are less than the CRDL

Chemical Analysis - Surface Water Samples

In OctoberNovember 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities as part of this MRS effort Surface water samples were collected and analyzed for total metals through the EPA Contract Laboratory Program (CLP) according to the EPA CLP Statement of Work (SOW) ILMO 4 0 [6 p 27]

Background surface water samples were collected in an unnamed stream and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 6-710] Surface water pathway samples were collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 1-358914] Analytical results from the pathway samples

RI00461F October 2000 33

were compared to the background surface water concentrations to determine if there was an observed release via chemical analysis

Background surface water samples were collected from the unnamed stream located east of Tailings Pile Nos 1 and2 andtheWestBranchOmpompanoosucRiver(Figure2)[6pp 46-48 45 pp 6-8] Several surface water samples were collected to establish background concentrations because of multiple probable points of entry (PPEs) and variable flow rates in m-water segments from each PPE [6 p 48] Analytical results from background samples (SW-05 SW-06 and SW-09) were compared to analytical results from surface water pathway samples to establish an Observed Release by chemical analysis Additional characteristics including sample media streamflow environmental setting and meteorological conditions under which samples were collected were considered in establishing similarity between the background and release samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Tailings Pile No 3 therefore a background surface water sample representative of this pathway segment could not be collected [6 p 43 31 p 23] The entire brook appears to be influenced by acid mine drainage [6 p 46]

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] A background sample SW-09 was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence between the pond and the unnamed stream [45 p 10] The streambed at this location was not stained and appeared to be outside the area influenced by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background sample SW-09 from the unnamed stream and release sample SW-07 from Copperas Brook both surface water samples were collected from the Copperas Brook watershed during a ram event [30 p 216 p 47] Streamflow in the unnamed stream during sampling was minimal [6 pp 4647] The unnamed stream is likely an intermittent surface water body [6 p 47]

Stream flow in Copperas Brook is intermittent above the culvert at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 41] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements at the mouth of Copperas Brook over a 12-month period from October 1998 to September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cubic feet per second (cfs) [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that Copperas Brook is a perennial waterbody with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

The unnamed stream and Copperas Brook appear to be similar bodies of water based on stream flow and environmental setting [6 p 47] Surface water samples from each were collected similarly using a direct dip procedure [45 pp 810]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Drainage from the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook or an unnamed brook adjacent to a flooded and flowing air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 6 p 44 45 pp 11-13]

Background surface water samples SW-05 and SW-06 were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 67] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 to 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the flooded air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 67] Samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48]

Surface water samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred (Figure 2) [6 p 22 45 pp 1-5 9 14]

Background samples and release samples were similartypes of samples collected from the same environmental setting No precipitation events occurred while sampling in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [6 p 21] Streamflow in this river was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48]

RI00461F October 2000 34

Background Samples

The headwaters of Copperas Brook begin in Source 2 Based on this an upstream or background sample could not be collected from Copperas Brook Therefore background sample SW-09 was collected from an unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 This stream was selected because it had a flow rate similar to portions of Copperas Brook and did not appear to be impacted from historical mining operations The unnamed stream discharges into the ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 The background sample was collected approximately 250 feet upstream of the confluence with the ponded water at Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [45 P 10]

Because of different flow rates background samples used for Copperas Brook could not be used to establish an observed release in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Therefore background samples SW-06 and SWshy05 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Two locations were sampled for metals analysis to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals Sample locations were selected approximately 25-50 feet upstream of the confluence between an unnamed brookflowmg adjacent to the air shaft and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (PPE2) (Figure 2) [45 pp 6-7]

- Background Concentration (Surface Water)

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALE99 MALF02 MALF03

04-SW-09 (Unnam Str 04-SW-06 (WB Omp ) 04-SW-05 (WB Omp )

3-4 in 3 in 4-5 in

10499 10799 10799

[45 p 10 13 p 7] [45 p 7 13 p 7] [45 p 6 13 p 7]

Notes Unnam Str WBOmp in

Unnamed Stream West Branch Ompompanoosuc River inches below surface of water

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PRb)

MALE99 Aluminum ND1 200 [13 p 56] (SW-09) Antimony ND 60 [13 p 56]

Arsenic ND 10 [13 p 56] Barium ND1 200 [13 p 56] Beryllium ND 5 [13 p 56] Cadmium ND 5 [13 p 56] Chromium ND 10 [13 p 56] Cobalt ND 50 [13 P 56] Copper ND1 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron ND1 100 [13 p 7 56] Lead ND 3 [13 P 7 56] Magnesium ND1 5000 [13 P 56] Manganese ND1 15 [13 p 56] Mercury ND 02 [13 p 56] Nickel ND 40 [13 p 56] Potassium ND1 5000 [13 p 56] Selenium ND 5 [13 P 7 56] Silver ND 10 [13 p 756] Sodium ND1 5000 [13 P 7 56] Thallium ND 10 [13 p 7 56] Vanadium ND 50 [13 p 7 56] Zinc ND1 20 [13 p 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 35

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(PPb)

MALF02 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-06) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 202 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND 20

MALF03 Aluminum ND1 200 (SW-05) Antimony ND 60

Arsenic ND 10 Barium ND1 200 Beryllium ND 5 Cadmium ND 5 Chromium ND 10 Cobalt ND 50 Copper Iron

ND1

ND1 25 100

Lead ND 3 Magnesium ND1 5000 Manganese 199 15 Mercury ND 02 Nickel ND 40 Potassium ND1 5000 Selenium ND 5 Silver ND 10 Sodium ND1 5000 Thallium ND 10 Vanadium ND 50 Zinc ND1 20

Notes

ppb parts per billion equivalent to micrograms per liter ND Not Detected ND1 Concentration is less than the CRDL

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 756] 756]

56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56] 56]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 756] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

RI00461F October 2000 36

Contaminated Samples

Surface water sample SW-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of its confluence with the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SW-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background sample [45 p 8] The sample location was upstream of a weir installed above the confluence Rocks and sediment at this location as well as the entire length of Copperas Brook were stained orange to red-brown This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 8 6 pp 4243]

Surface water samples SW-08 and SW-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with an unnamed brook flowing adjacent to the air shaft Sample SW-08 was collected at the confluence Sample SW-11 was collected approximately 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence [45 pp 9 14] Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown color as evidenced in Copperas Brook Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were also similarly stained [45 pp 9 14]

Surface water samples SW-02DUP-01 and SW-01 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-02DUP-01 was collected at the confluence sample SW-01 was collected approximately 25 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained the same orange to red-brown as evidenced in Copperas Brook This same orange to red-brown staining is visible throughout the drainage areas and materials at the Elizabeth Mine [45 pp 1-3 6 pp 4243] Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were also similarly stained [45 p 1]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for surface water samples SW-03 and SW-04 [13 p 7 56] Sample SW-03 was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SW-04 was also collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 30 feet downstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook (adjacent to the air shaft) and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 45]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

MALF01 04-SW-07 (Copp Br) 10499 [45 p 8] MALFOO 04-SW-08 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 9] MALE98 04-SW-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [45 p 14] MALF06 04-SW-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 2] MALF08 04-SW-DUP-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 3] MALF07 04-SW-01 (WB Omp ) 10499 [45 p 1]

Notes

in inches below surface of water DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WBOmp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

RI00461F October 2000 37

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

MALF01 (SW-07)

MALFOO (SW-08)

MALE98 (SW-11)

MALF06 (SW-02)

MALF08 (SW-DUP-01)

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium Zinc

Aluminum Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Zinc

Manganese

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

Aluminum Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Magnesium Manganese Nickel Potassium Zinc

(PPb)

14300 162 226 7760 88800 49000 1440 499 6490 716J 8760 1860

2160 838 25800 12400 1250 261

807

14400 168 228 7810 89900 49600 1460 504 6580 1880

15100 170 237 8210 94000 51900 1520 521 6970 1950

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 5 5000 20

200 25 100 5000 15 20

15

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

200 10 50 25 100 5000 15 40 5000 20

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

[13 p

[13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p

[13 P [13 p [13 P [13 P [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 p [13 P [13 p

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 756]

7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56] 7 56]

7 56]

7 56] 756] 756] 756] 756] 756] 7 56] 756] 7 56] 7 56]

8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 856] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56] 8 56]

RI00461F October 2000 38

Contract Required Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Detection Limit Reference

(ppb) (M9I)

MALF07 Aluminum 8750 200 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01) Chromium 102 10 [13 p 7 56]

Cobalt 136 50 [13 p 7 56] Copper 4670 25 [13 p 7 56] Iron 56000 100 [13 p 7 56] Magnesium 31100 5000 [13 p 7 56] Manganese 912 15 [13 p 7 56]

MALF07 Zinc 1140 20 [13 p 7 56] (SW-01)

Notes

ppb = parts per billion equivalent to fjg (micrograms per liter)

J = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL [56 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 19th century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings in each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft that once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

RI00461F October 2000 39

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Surface water analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

aluminum chromium cobalt copper iron magnesium manganese nickel potassium selenium sodium and zinc

RI00461F October 2000 40

SWOF-Observed Release

Chemical Analysis - Sediment Samples

In October and November 1999 an EPA Contractor conducted sampling activities at the Elizabeth Mine site as part of the HRS field effort Sediment samples were collected by the EPA Contractor and submitted to a procured laboratory for total metals analysis The analysis was performed in accordance with the CLP ILMO 4 0 Statement of Work as modified by technical specification S99-RAC1-108 [6 p 27 14 pp 1-15 50 pp 1-22]

Analytical data from background sediment samples were used to determine background levels by chemical analysis Sediment analytical results from the background samples were compared to analytical data from the release samples to determine if observed release criteria for chemical analysis were met [1 p 51589 Tab 2-3] In addition information related to the site and sampling procedures such as soil type organic content environmental setting and sample handling and analytical procedures were considered in establishing similarity between background and release samples

Background Samples

Background sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1 and from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 21 24 25] Release sediment samples were collected from the streambeds of Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [45 pp 15-19 22 23 26 29]

Copperas Brook originates at the base of Tailings Pile No 3 therefore background sediment samples were not collected in Copperas Brook [31 p 23] The streambed of every prospective sample location was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [6 p 43] The entire brook appears to be impacted by acid mine drainage [6 p 46] Background sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of release samples from Copperas Brook

Background sediment samples were not collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft The unnamed brook is likely intermittent at elevations above PPE2 [4 25 p 3] Below PPE2 the streambed was visually impacted by orange to red-brown stains [45 p 29] Background sediment sample results from the unnamed stream were compared to analytical results of the release sample from the unnamed brook

Unnamed Stream

The unnamed stream flows west-northwest and discharges into ponded water on top of Tailings Pile No 1 (Figure 2) [6 p 46] Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) were collected approximately 250 feet and 285 feet upstream of the confluence between the ponded water and the unnamed stream respectively [45 PP 24 25]

Two samples were collected from the unnamed stream to account for variability in background metal concentrations For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed of the unnamed stream was not stained [6 p 47] The background locations appeared to be outside the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [6 p 47]

Background samples D00814 (SD-09) and D00813 (SD-10) and release samples D00816 (SD-07) D00815 (SDshy08) and D01118 (SD-13) were collected from the same sample matrix (i e sediment) [45 pp 22-25 29 14 p 14 50 p 22] The soil type and organic content at each location appeared similar The soils primarily consisted of silty sand A significant organic content was not observed at any of the locations Leaves and twigs were more prevalent on the surface of the streambed at sample location SD-09 than SD-10 however soil types beneath the leaf matter were not rich in organic material [45 pp 22-25 29]

The flow rate in the unnamed stream appeared to be minimal during the sampling task [6 pp 46 47] According to the USGS the upper portion of Copperas Brook (between Tailings Pile Nos 2 and 3) tends to go dry during summer months [4] Streamflow measurements collected at the mouth of Copperas Brook between October 1998 and September 1999 indicate an average yet continuous flow rate of less than 1 cfs [25 pp 1-3] This data supports the characterization that the lower portion of Copperas Brook is a perennial body of water with a minimal flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

RI00461F October 2000 41

Sediment from the unnamed stream the unnamed brook and Copperas Brook appear to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow in each of these bodies of water appears to be similar All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 22-25 29 4 25 pp 1-3]

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River flows east at the base of Copperas Hill and empties into the Ompompanoosuc River [3] Dramagefrom the Elizabeth Mine site flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River via Copperas Brook orthe unnamed brook adjacent to the flooded air shaft at the base of Copperas Hill [3 45 pp 11-136 p 44]

Background sediment samples D00818 (SD-05) and D00817 (SD-06) were collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 pp 20 2114 pp 1415] Sample locations were selected approximately 25 and 50 feet upstream of the confluence between the unnamed brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River respectively [45 pp 2021] Sediment samples from both of these locations were analyzed to characterize the local range of variability of naturally occurring metals [6 p 48] For each analyte the sediment sample with the highest concentration was used to establish background concentrations The streambed at the background locations in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was not stained The background locations appeared to be upstream of the area impacted by acid mine drainage and past mining operations [45 pp 20 21]

Sediment samples D00379(SD-01) D00378(SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00377(SD-03) D00376 (SD-04) and D00382 (SD-11) were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River to identify if a release occurred from the site (Figure 2) [45 pp 15-19 26 14 pp 13 15]

Background sediment samples and release sediment samples in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River were collected from the same environmental setting [45 pp 15-21 26 3] The soil type and organic content at each location was similar The soils primarily consisted of fine to coarse sand few gravels and trace organics [45 pp 15-21 26]

Streamflow in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was observed to be moderate (presumed to be greater than 100 cfs) during the sampling effort [6 p 48] The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is a perennial body of water [3]

Sediment from the background and release sample locations m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River appeared to be similar based on soil type and organic content Streamflow at the background locations was similar to Streamflow at the release sample locations All sediment samples were collected similarly using stainless steel trowels and bowls [45 pp 15-21 26]

- Background Concentration (Sediment)

Sample ID Sampling Location Depth Date Reference

D00814 04-SD-09 (Unnam Str) 5 in 10499 [45 p 24 14 p 14] D00813 04-SD-10 (Unnam Str) 4 in 10499 [45 p 25 14 p 14] D00818 04-SD-05 (WB Omp ) 4-5 in 10799 [45 p 20 14 p 15] D00817 04-SD-06 (WB Omp ) 3 in 10799 [45 p 21 14 p 14]

Notes Unnam Str = Unnamed Stream WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River in = inches below surface of sediment

RI00461F October 2000 42

Sample ID

D00814 (SD-09)

D00813 (SD-10)

D00818 (SD-05)

Hazardous Substance

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Chromium Cobalt

Concentration (ppm)

15100 ND ND 97 U 055J 1 5J 34 7J 16 2J 188J1

31222J1

15 1J 6610 1030J 0041J 21 4J 1490 ND R ND ND 37 5J 111J

5690 ND ND 293 ND ND 159 54 71J 8400J 38 2870 119J ND 10 OJ 888 ND ND ND ND 155 41 2J

5580 ND ND 230 ND 0096J 100 29

Sample Quantitation Limit (mgkg)

40 060 2 4 028 002 010 026 012 0 10 040 038 060 020 006 014 480 1 3 022 447 068 0 10 006

50 074 1 9 035 023 030 032 015 012 050 047 074 025 0044 017 600 082 082 558 084 0 12 007

347 052 1 4 024 017 009 022 0 10

Reference

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14p1466pp 1-18 [14p 1466pp 1-18

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

RI00461F October 2000 43

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID

D00818 (SD-05)

D00817 (SD-06)

Notes ppm =J =ND =R = =J1 =

Hazardous Substance

Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Aluminum Antimony Arsenic Barium Beryllium Cadmium Calcium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese Mercury Nickel Potassium Selenium Silver Sodium Thallium Vanadium Zinc

Concentration Limit(ppm) (mgkg)

ND 3 17879 2J1 03529 0332750 052195J 017ND 003657J 012779 41 9ND 057ND 056ND 390ND 05911 8 00926J1 005

5490 39 ND 074 ND 1 7 224 027 ND 0 19 ND 0098 3370 27 100 025 27 012 ND 41 5610J 039 32 037 2270 059 200J 020 ND 0036 64J 014 715 474 ND 094 ND 047 ND 440 ND 067 100 010 16 7J 006

Reference

[14 p 15] [14p 15 66pp 1-1816 ] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15]

[14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 15] [14 p 1566 pp 1-1816]

[14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied Not detected Rejected due to positive or negative interference from iron Additional reference [65 pp 1-18] J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the CRDL

- Contaminated Samples

Sediment sample SD-07 was collected in Copperas Brook approximately 15 feet upstream of the confluence between the Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River The sample location was upstream of a weir at the end of the Brook (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 22] Sample SD-07 was collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 22 24 25]

RI00461F October 2000 44

Sediment sample SD-08 was collected in Copperas Brook just below the confluence with the east branch (Figure 2) Rocks and sediment at this location were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Elizabeth Mine [45 p 23] Sample SD-08 was also collected at a depth similar to the background samples [45 pp 23-25]

Sediment samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Locations were selected along the Rivers south bank in the vicinity of the confluence with the unnamed brook that flows adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2) Samples SD-04 and SD-11 were collected approximately 30 feet and 75-100 feet downstream of the confluence respectively Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft Downstream of the confluence rocks andor sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the air shaft [45 pp 19 26]

Sample SD-13 was collected in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft approximately 25 feet upstream of the confluence between the stream and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) [45 p 29] Sample results were compared to background concentrations detected in sediment samples from the unnamed stream southeast of Tailings Pile No 1

The air shaft provided ventilation for underground mining operations When mining was abandoned portions of the mine flooded [27 p 2] Water and acid mine drainage flow through the mine tunnels and discharge via the air shaft [27 p 2] The discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into the unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] Precipitates (white and orange to red-brown) ponded water flooded forest floor decayed leaf matter and dead trees were observed below the air shaft [6 p 4545 pp 11-13]

Sediment samples SD-02 SD-DUP-02 and SD-01 were collected near the south bank of West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 2) Sample SD-02DUP-02 was collected at the confluence with Copperas Brook Sample SD-01 was collected approximately 25 feet further downstream of this confluence Rocks and sediment at the confluence were stained orange to red-brown and appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine Downstream of the confluence rocks and sediment were visibly stained and still appeared to be impacted by drainage from the Mine [45 pp 15-17]

An observed release by chemical analysis was not established for sediment sample SD-03 This sample was collected in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River approximately 35 feet upstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook (Figure 2) There was no visual evidence of any stained sediment in proximity to sample location SD-03 [45 p 18]

Sample ID Sampling Location Date Reference

D00816 SD-07(Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 P 22] D00815 SD-08 (Copp Br) 10499 [14 p 14 45 p 23] D00376 SD-04 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 P 19] D00382 SD-11 (WB Omp ) 10799 [14 p 13 45 p 26] D00378 SD-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 16] D00381 SD-DUP-02 (WB Omp ) 10499 [14 p 1345 p 17] D00379 SD-OI(WBOmp) 10499 [14 p 13 45 P 15] D01118 SD-13(Un BrAir shaft) 11999 [50 p 22 45 P 29]

Notes in inches below surface of streambed DUP Field Duplicate Copp Br Copperas Brook WB Omp West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Un Br Unnamed Brook adjacent to air shaft

RI00461F October 2000 45

Sample Quantitation

Sample ID Hazardous Substance Concentration Limit Reference (ppm) (mgkg)

D00816 Copper 328 7J1 060 [14 p 1467pp 1-4 (SD-07) Iron 117000J 245 [14 p 14]

D00815 (SD-08)

Copper Iron Sodium

243 4J1

107000J 286

040 1 55 346

[14 p 14 ] [14 p 14] [14 p 14]

D00376 Copper 108J1 009 [14 p 13 bull] (SD-04)

D00382 Copper 689J1 012 [14 p 13] (SD-11)

D00378 (SD-02)

Cobalt Copper

87 275 4J1

0 14 060

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

91400J 11 9J1

235 045

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

3250 100 7J1

573 007

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00381 (SD-DUP-02)

Cobalt Copper

704J1

18934J1 012 050

[14 p 13 ] [14 p 13 ]

Iron Lead

112000J 1007J1

20 039

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Selenium Zinc

2970 672J1

82J1

491 335 006

[14 p 13] [14 p 13] [14 p 13]

D00379 (SD-01)

Cobalt Copper

11 04J1

239 3J1 015 0 13

[14 p 13] [14 p 13]

Iron Lead

58100J 736J1

051 049

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Potassium Zinc

2720 72 OJ1

622 008

[14 p 13] [14 p 13 ]

Notes ppm parts per million equivalent to mgkg (milligrams per kilogram) J Quantitation approximate (data accepted for use as qualified) No adjustment factors were applied J1 = J qualified data indicates that the reported concentration is an estimate The direction of bias

associated with the J qualified data has been determined Adjustment factors were applied to J qualified data with concentrations above the Contract Required Detection Limit (CRDL)

= Additional references [65 pp 1-18 66 pp 1-18]

Attribution

The ore deposit at the Elizabeth Mine is rich in iron-sulfide minerals [48 p 2] Initially the deposit was valued for iron and then pyrrhotite from which copperas (iron sulfate) was produced [20 pp 8 67] In the 1830s the deposit was mined for copper from chalcopynte (copper iron sulfide) A significant amount of chalcopynte was found disseminated in the pyrrhotite [20 pp 8 67] the primary minerals in ore and host rock and the secondary minerals that form during weathering of ore and tailings provide the source for metals and acidity in associated waters [48 p 2] Some of these minerals include sphalerite arsenopynte galena cobaltite and molybdenite Metals such as cadmium antimony arsenic and selenium are chemical components of these minerals [48 p 3]

RI00461F October 2000 46

Tailings Pile Nos 1 and 2 (Source 1) consist of processed mine tailings from copper mining operations during the 20th century Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) consists of mine waste and smelter waste generated from mining operations in the 191 century [48 pp 512] All of these piles are uncovered and exposed to weathering processes [6 pp 32-37] Copperas Brook flows over or through the tailings m each of the piles prior to being reshyrouted through a buried conduit in Tailings Pile No 1 [6 p 31] As precipitation comes into contact with the oxidized sulfide-nch minerals within the tailings sulfunc acid is produced and hydrogen ions are released thus lowering the pH of the tailings [30 pp 89] Consequently metals and sulfides within the piles are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 pp 824] This drainage enters Copperas Brook and carries dissolved metal concentrations to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [27 p 2 31 p 15 48 pp 12]

The air shaft which once provided ventilation for underground mining operations flooded when mining was abandoned [27 p 2] As water comes into contact with the ore and the host rock in the underground workings metals are leached and acid mine drainage is produced [30 p 24] This drainage flows upgradient through the air shaft and discharges onto the ground [31 p 19] This discharge flows overland approximately 35 feet and empties into an unnamed brook [45 pp 11-13] The brook is continuously fed by the acid mine drainage from the air shaft [25] The unnamed brook flows approximately 25 feet and discharges into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [45 pp 11-13]

Laboratory analysis of samples collected from Source Nos 12 and 3 detected the following aluminum arsenic barium calcium chromium cobalt copper iron lead magnesium manganese mercury nickel potassium selenium sodium vanadium and zinc [14 p 14 15 p 10 24 App B Tab 6 Tab 7 pp 20-21]

Sediment analytical results from samples collected in Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the unnamed brook indicate the following metals with concentrations that satisfy observed release criteria cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine is damaging Copperas Brook and has degraded the water quality and aquatic biology of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [29 p 1 30 pp 12]

Hazardous Substances Released

cobalt copper iron lead potassium selenium sodium and zinc

Observed Release Factor Value 550

RI00461F October 2000 47

SWOFDrinking-ToxicityPersistence

4122 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41221 ToxicityPersistence

A Toxicity Factor Value and Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with sources and releases at the site based on values presented in the Superfund Chemical Data Matrix (SCDM) [2]

Toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-12) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 [2 p B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-2] Calcium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-4] Chromium 12 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-5] Cobalt 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 [2 p B-6] Iron 123 1 1 1 [2 p B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 10000 [2 p B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 100 [2 p B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 [2 p B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 100 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence factor value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From MRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 10 are assigned a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51613]

ToxicityPersistence Factor Value 10000

RI00461F October 2000 48

SWOFDrmking-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41222 Hazardous Waste Quantity

A Hazardous Waste Quantity Value is assigned to each source that has a Containment Factor Value greater than zero for the surface water pathway [1 p 51590]

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 194146

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41223 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese or nickel (10000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

10000 x 10000= 1E+08

1E+08 is assigned a Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 100 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 1E+08

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 100

RI00461F October 2000 49

SWOFDrinking-Targets

4123 DRINKING WATER TARGETS

Level I Concentrations

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level I Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Most Distant Level II Sample

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

RI00461F October 2000 50

SWOFDrinking-Nearest Intake

41231 Nearest Intake

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Nearest Intake Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 51

SWOFDrinking-Level I Concentrations

41232 Population

412322 Level I Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level I Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 52

SWOFDrinking-Level II Concentrations

412323 Level II Concentration

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Level II Population Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 53

SWOFDrinking-Potential Contamination

412324 Potential Contamination

There are no known drinking water intakes along the 15-mile downstream pathway [19 23 28]

Potential Contamination Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 54

SWOFDrmkmg-Resources

4 1 2 3 3 Resources

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River are designated for contact (i e swimming) and non-contact (i e boating) recreational uses [58] There is a bathing beach on the Ompompanoosuc River at the Union Village Army Corps Reservoir [58] The Connecticut River is used for boating and swimming [58]

A Resources Factor Value of 5 is assigned based on recreational uses of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River along the surface water pathway [1 p 51617]

Resources Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 55

SWOFFood Cham-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

4232 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41321 ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Toxicity Factor Values Persistence Factor Values and Bioaccumulation Factor Values are assigned to hazardous substances associated with sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Toxicity Persistence

Toxicity Persistence Bioaccu- Bioaccumulation Hazardous Source Factor Factor mulation Factor Value Substance No Value Value Value (Table 4-16) Reference

Aluminum 123 NL 1 50 [2 P B-1] Arsenic 2 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-2] Barium 13 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-2] Chromium 12 10000 1 50 50000 [2 P B-4] Cobalt 123 1 1 05 0 5 [2 P B-6] Copper 123 NL 1 50000 [2 P B-6] Iron 123 1 1 05 05 [2 P B-12] Lead 123 10000 1 500 5E+05 [2 P B-13] Magnesium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-13] Manganese 123 10000 1 05 5000 [2 P B-13] Mercury 12 10000 04 50000 2E+08 [2 P B-13] Nickel 123 10000 1 0 5 5000 [2 P B-14] Potassium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-17] Selenium 123 100 1 5000 5E+05 [2 P B-17] Sodium 123 NL 1 05 [2 P B-18] Vanadium 1 100 1 0 5 50 [2 P B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 500 5000 [2 P B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

The highest toxicitypersistence value is 10000 for arsenic barium chromium lead manganese and nickel

From HRS Table 4-12 a Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 are assigneda ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51613] From HRS Table 4-16 a ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 are assigned a ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value of 2E+08 [1 p 51619]

ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

RI00461F October 2000 56

SWOFFood Cham-Hazardous Waste Quantity

41322 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Num

Source HazardousWaste Quantity

ber Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 )

Is source hazardous constituent quantity

data complete (yesno)

123

11727692 2010462 56764 8

No No

No

Sum of values 137382

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41323 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the site (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of1E+08 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12[1 p 51620]

4E+07 laquo 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Toxicitypersistence x hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned a Human Food Cham Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Assigned Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 57

SWOFFood Cham-Targets

4133 HUMAN FOOD CHAIN THREAT-TARGETS

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 2131 p 23] Copperas Brook flows into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River According to a representative from the State Fishery Management District there is no information supporting the presence of fish in Copperas Brook [53] Metals in sediments acidic conditions habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] Therefore Copperas Brook is not considered a fishery for the purposes of this MRS package [21 pp 294-295]

The lower portion of the unnamed brook is primarily fed by drainage from the air shaft [25 pp 2 3] At elevations above the air shaft streamflow m the brook is likely intermittent [4 25 pp 2 3 3] Presumably the unnamed brook is not a fishery

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River all support fish and are fished to some degree In both the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and the Ompompanoosuc River fish are removed for human consumption although no production data are available The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with brook trout The Ompompanoosuc River is stocked annually with rainbow trout brook trout and salmon [53]

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River a portion of the River (from the Copperas Brook confluence to the Ompompanoosuc River confluence) does not support aquatic biota due to metals m sediments and acidic conditions from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

In July 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources m the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River A fish community composition was determined as part of the study Results indicated that the fish community upstream of the Elizabeth Mine included longnose dace blacknose dace brook trout and slimy sculpm Downstream of the Copperas Brook confluence brook trout and longnose sucker were the predominant species with fewer populations of blacknose dace longnose dace slimy sculpm and brown trout [33 pp 10-11]

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

In addition to the fish community composition a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was also conducted Samples were collected from four locations including areas upstream of the confluence with the air shaft and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-11 14] According to the fish community composition study blacknose dace ranged m length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Fish from each station were dissected rinsed and homogenized [33 p 4] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations for the Human Food Cham Threat because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Copperas Brook is not a fishery [53] Sample data from Copperas Brook could not be used to establish Actual Contamination of a fishery for the Human Food Cham Threat

Surface Water Samples

In 1999 an EPA Contractor collected surface water samples from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria m five out of seven samples of surface water (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8] An observed release was not established for surface water samples collected from locations SW-03 or SWshy04 [13 pp 7 8] A hazardous substance with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of at least 500 was not detected in the sample collected from location SW-11 The following surface water samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

RI00461F October 2000 58

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry1 Hazardous Substance Factor Value

MALFOO -25 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SW-08) Zinc 500

MALF06 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF08 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-DUP-01) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

MALF07 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SW-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SW-02SW-DUP-01

Actual Human Food Cham Contamination

Sediment Samples

Sediment samples were collected from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Analytical data meets observed release criteria in five out of six sediment samples (Figure 2) [14 pp 13-15] An observed release was not established for sediment sample D00377 (SD-03) [14 pp 13-15] The following sediment samples contain one or more hazardous substances with a bioaccumulation potential factor value of 500 or greater [2 pp B-6 B-17 B-20]

Bioaccumulation Distance from Potential

Sample ID Probable Point of Entry(1) Hazardous Substance Factor Value

D00376 -55 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-04)

D00382 -115 feet from PPE 2 Copper 50000 (SD-11)

D00378 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

D00380 -2117 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-DUP-02) -3198 feet from PPE 2 Selenium 5000

Zinc 500 D00379 -2137 feet from PPE 1 Copper 50000 (SD-01) -3218 feet from PPE 2 Zinc 500

Notes (1) Distances are considered approximate and are downstream from respective PPEs PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 (not identified as a fishery) PPE 2 is located in the unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft [62]

Field Duplicate Pair = SD-02SD-DUP-02

RI00461F October 2000 59

Closed Fisheries

Identity of fishery Hazardous Substance

No closed fisheries were identified

Sample IDDistance from

Probable Point of Entry Hazardous Substance

Not Scored

Benthic Tissue

No benthic human food chain organisms were collected

Sample ID Distance from the probable point of entry Organism

Not Scored

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) MALF07 (SW-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 3218 feet downstream of PPE 2 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (identified as a fishery) (Figure 2) Reference [3 53 62]

Level II Fisheries

Extent of the Level II Fishery Identity of fishery (Relative to Probable Point of Entry)

West Branch Ompompanoosuc River -3218 feet

R100461F October 2000 60

SWOFFood Cham-Food Cham Individual

41331 Food Chain Individual

Portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery are subject to actual contamination based on an observed release Chemical analysis of surface water and sediment samples collected from this fishery document the presence of hazardous substances with a Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 500 or greater in the observed release samples [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15] The portion of the fishery within the area of actual contamination has been scored for Level II concentrations because the actual contamination is based on surface water and sediment samples Therefore a Food Cham Individual Factor Value of 45 is assigned [1 p 51620]

Sample ID MALFOO (SW-08) MALF06 (SW-02) MALF08 (SW-DUP-01) MALF07 (SW-01) D00376 (SD-04) D00382 (SD-11) D00378 (SD-02) D00381 (SD-DUP-02) D00379 (SD-01) Hazardous Substances Copper Selenium and Zinc Highest Bioaccumulation Potential 50000 (Copper)

Identity of Fishery Type of Surface Water Body Reference Dilution Weight

West Branch Moderate to large stream [1 p 51613 001 Ompompanoosuc River Tab 4-1322

pp 1-4 44]

Food Cham Individual Factor Value 45

RI00461F October 2000 61

SWOFFood Cham-Level I Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 Population

4 1 3 3 2 1 Level I Concentrations

No fisheries or portions of fisheries for which actual contamination has been identified were evaluated for Level I concentration within the target distance limit

In 1989 the US Army Corps of Engineers investigated the effects the Elizabeth Copper Mine has on fishery resources in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River As part of this effort a study regarding levels of select metals m blacknose dace and river sediment from the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River was conducted Samples were collected from four locations including upstream of the confluence with the unnamed brook and downstream of the confluence with Copperas Brook Twenty fish samples and one sediment sample were collected from each sampling station [33 pp 14-1114] Blacknose dace ranged in length from 3 to 7 5 centimeters at locations upstream and downstream of the Elizabeth Mine [33 pp 5 11-13] Sample data from this study could not be used to document Level I concentrations because blacknose dace represent a common forage species in the river [33 p 4] Presumably forage species are not consumed directly by humans and are therefore not considered human food chain organisms [1 p 51620] Therefore portions of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River fishery were scored for Level II concentrations based upon surface water and sediment samples

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

Sum of Human Food Cham Population Values 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 62

SWOFFood Chain-Level II Concentrations

4 1 3 3 2 2 Level II Concentrations

The West Branch Ompompanoosuc River supports fish and is fished at some level [53] No information regarding human food chain production was identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from this fishery annually Based on surface water and sediment analytical data the area between SWshy08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) and SW-01SD-01 in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River is subject to Level II concentrations [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15]

Identity of Annual Production Human Food Cham Fishery (pounds) Reference Population Value

West Branch gt0 [1 p 51621 003 Ompompanoosuc Tab 4-18 53] River

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 0 03

RI00461F October 2000 63

SWOFFood Cham-Potential human food chain contamination

4 1 3 3 2 3 Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

According to a State of Vermont Assessment Report for the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3] Because monitoring information is not complete this portion of the River is being considered for Potential Human Food Cham Contamination

Annual Production (pounds)

Type of Surface Water Body

Average Annual Flow Ref

Population Value (P)

Dilution Weight (D)

WB Omp River

gt0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[22 pp 1-444]

003 001 00003

Omp River gt 0 Moderate to large stream

gt100to 1000 cfs

[8] 003 001 00003

Conn River gt 0 Large stream to river

gt1000to 10000 cfs

[9] 003 0001

Sum of P x (Sum of PxD)10

0 00003

D 0 00063 0000063

Notes

WB Omp = West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Omp = Ompompanoosuc River Conn = Connecticut River cfs = cubic feet per second = Represents the portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River from the most downstream sample SWshy01SD-01 to the rivers confluence with the Ompompanoosuc River Information pertaining to the actual human food chain production in pounds per year was not identified Presumably a minimum of 0 to 100 pounds offish are removed from each fishery annually [53] Therefore a value of 0 03 is assigned based on an unknown annual production (presumed to be greater than 0 pounds) Type of surface water body reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] Population Value (P) reference [1 p 51621 Tab 4-18] Dilution Weight (D) reference [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13]

Potential Human Food Cham Contamination Factor Value 0 000063

RI00461F October 2000 64

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation 4142 WASTE CHARACTERISTICS

41421 Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

An Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value and a Persistence Factor Value are assigned to each hazardous substance associated with the sources and releases at the site based on the values presented in SCDM [2]

Ecosystem Ecosystem toxicity Toxicity Persistence Persistence factor

Hazardous Source Factor Factor Factor Value Substance No Value Value (Table 4-20) Ref

Aluminum Arsenic Barium Chromium Cobalt Copper Iron Lead Magnesium Manganese

123 2 13 12 123 1 23 1 23 123 123 123

100 10 1 100 NL 100 10 1000 NL NL

1 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 1 0 1 1 1

100 10 1 100

100 10 1000

[2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P [2 P

B-1] B-2] B-2] B-5] B-6] B-6] B-12] B-13] B-13]

[2p B-13]

[2 [2 [2 [2 P

Mercury 12 10000 04 4000 [2 p B-13] Nickel Potassium Selenium Sodium

123 123 123 123

10 NL 1000 NL

1 1 0 1 0 1

10

1000

[2 B-14] B-17] B-17]

[2p B-18]

P [2 P [2 P

Vanadium 1 NL 1 [2 p B-20] Zinc 123 10 1 0 10 [2 p B-20]

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

Persistence bioaccumulation and ecotoxicity values for fresh water rivers were used for the surface water migration pathway

From MRS Table 4-20 an Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value of 10000 and a Persistence Factor Value of 0 4 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 [1 p 51622]

RI00461F October 2000 65

SWOFEnvironment-ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation

Ecosystem Bio- Toxicity accumulation Persistence

Ecosystem Toxicity Factor Value Bioaccumula-Hazardous Persistence Factor (Section Factor Value Substance Value 413212) Ref (Table 4-21)

Aluminum 100 50 [2 p B-1] 5000 Arsenic 10 50 [2 p B-2] 50 Barium 1 05 [2 p B-2] 05 Chromium 100 50 [2 p B-5] 500 Cobalt 5000 [2 p B-6]

Copper 100 50000 [2 p B-6] 5E+06 Iron 10 05 [2 p B-12] 5 Lead 1000 500 [2 p B-1 3] 50000 Magnesium 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Manganese 05 [2 p B-1 3]

Mercury 4000 50000 [2 p B-1 3] 2E+08 Nickel 10 05 [2 p B-14] 5 Potassium 05 [2 p B-1 7]

Selenium 1000 5000 [2 p B-1 7] 5E-H06 Sodium 05 [2 p B-1 8]

Vanadium 05 [2 p B-20]

Zinc 10 500 [2 p B-20] 5000

Notes

NL = Not listed in SCDM = Not calculated because one of the factor values is not listed in SCDM

From HRS Table 4-21 an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value of 4000 and a Bioaccumulation Factor Value of 50000 (mercury) are assigned an Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence FactorBioaccumulation Factor Value of2E+08[1 p 51622]

Ecosystem ToxicityPersistenceBioaccumulation Factor Value 2E+08

SWOFEnvironment-Hazardous Waste Quantity

RI00461F October 2000 66

41422 Hazardous Waste Quantity

Source Hazardous Is source hazardous Waste Quantity constituent quantity

Source Number Value (Section 2 4 2 1 5 ) data complete (yesno)

1 11727692 No 2 2010462 No 3 567648 No

Sum of values 194136

A Surface Water Pathway Hazardous Waste Quantity Value greater than 10000 to 1000000 is assigned a Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value of 10000 [1 p 51591 Tab 2-6]

41423 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value

The Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value for mercury (4000) is multiplied by the Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (10000) in order to determine the Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value subject to a maximum value of 1E+08 [1 p 51592 Tab 2-7]

4000 x 10000 = 4E+07

Ecosystem toxicitypersistence factor value X hazardous waste quantity factor value 4E+07

The product of the Ecosystem ToxicityPersistence Factor Value and Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value for the watershed (4E+07) is multiplied by the Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value for mercury (50000) subject to a maximum of 1E+12 [ 1 p 51620]

4E+07 x 50000 = 2E+12 (exceeds maximum value therefore assign maximum value of 1E+12)

(Ecosystem toxicitypersistence X hazardous waste quantity) X bioaccumulation potential factor value 1E+12

From HRS Table 2-7 a ToxicityPersistence x Hazardous Waste Quantity x Bioaccumulation Potential Factor Value of 1E+12 is assigned an Environmental Threat - Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value of 1000 [1 pp 51620 51592 Tab 2-7]

Hazardous Waste Quantity Factor Value 10000 Waste Characteristics Factor Category Value 1000

RI00461F October 2000 67

SWOFEnvironment-Targets

4 1 4 3 ENVIRONMENTAL THREAT - TARGETS

There are two PPEs for surface water drainage from the Elizabeth Mine PPE 1 is located in Copperas Brook at the base of Tailings Pile No 1 PPE 2 is located in unnamed brook adjacent to the air shaft (Figure 2)

The Elizabeth Mine is drained primarily by Copperas Brook its headwaters are located in Tailings Pile No 3 (Source 2) [27 pp 18 30 pp 20 21 31 p 23] From PPE1 Copperas Brook flows approximately 0 4 of a mile and empties into the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [3 62 pp 12]

Underground shafts and tunnels extend from the open cuts to the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River An air shaft above the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River provided ventilation for underground mining operations [48 p 7] When mining was abandoned these shafts and tunnels flooded [27 p 2 31 p 19] Upflow from the air shaft discharges acid mine drainage to the ground surface where it becomes surface runoff [32 p 4 48 p 7] Drainage from the air shaft flows overland approximately 35 feet and enters an unnamed brook approximately 25 feet upstream of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River (Figure 3) [45 pp 11-13]

Acid mine drainage from the Elizabeth Mine has degraded the water quality and the aquatic biology of Copperas Brook and the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River [30 pp 1 2] Metals in sediments low pH habitat modifications loss of riparian vegetation and low dissolved oxygen levels from the tailings appear to have rendered Copperas Brook uninhabitable (i e non-support of aquatic biotahabitat) [7 pp 1-3] According to the State of Vermont Assessment Report forthe West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the stretch of river between the Copperas Brook confluence and the Ompompanoosuc River confluence does not support aquatic biota due to acid mine drainage from the tailings at the Elizabeth Mine [7 pp 1-3]

Copperas Brook West Branch Ompompanoosuc River Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River are State-designated areas for the protection or maintenance of aquatic life designated under Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act as amended [1 p 51624 Tab 4-23 60]

The ponded water on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) represents a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustnne system in the flat class [36] The water level in this wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS scoring package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22] Wetlands along the target distance limit were scored under Potential Contamination (Section 4 1 4 3 1 3 )

Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMS

Level II Concentrations

Sediment samples were used to establish Level II concentrations The most distant Level II sample concentration is established at D00379 (SD-01) collected in the same area as surface water sample MALF07 (SW-01 )(Figure 2)

Most Distant Level II Sample

Sample ID D00379 (SD-01) Distance from the probable point of entry Approximately 2137 feet downstream of PPE 1 and 3218 feet downstream from PPE 2 (Figure 2) Reference [3 14 pp 13-15 62]

RI00461F October 2000 68

SWOFEnvironment-Level I Concentrations

41431 Sensitive Environments

4 1 4 3 1 1 Level I Concentrations

Level I concentrations were not scored because sufficient documentation regarding ecological-based benchmarks was not identified in SCDMs

Sensitive Environments

Not Scored (NS)

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 0

Wetlands

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 0

Level I Concentrations Factor Value 0

RI00461F October 2000 69

SWOFEnvironment-Level II Concentrations

4 1 4 3 1 2 Level II Concentrations

Observed release criteria for surface water and sediment samples have been established via chemical analysis [13 pp78 14 pp 13-15] Surface water and sediment sample locations in Copperas Brook and a portion of the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River are subject to actual contamination under Level II concentrations (Figure 2) [13 pp 7 8 14 pp 13-15 21 p 251] The Level II area in Copperas Brook extends from PPE 1 to sample location MALF01 (SW-07) (Figure 2) The Level II area in the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River extends from SW-08 (approximately 25 feet downstream of PPE2) to sample location MALF07 (SW-01) (Figure 2) Listed below are sensitive environments considered subject to Level II concentrations [1 p 51625 21 p 328]

Sensitive Environments

Distance from Probable Point of Entry to Nearest Sensitive Point of Sensitive Environment

Sensitive Environment Environment Reference Value(s)

State-designated area for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life under Section 0 feet from PPE 1 [1 p 51624 305(a) of the Clean Water Act Tab 4-2360 5

64 pp 12]

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value 5

Wetlands

There are no eligible MRS wetlands subject to Level II concentrations along the surface water migration pathway

The pond on Tailings Pile No 1 (Source 1) is a flooded wetland and is classified as a palustrme system in the flat class [36] The water level in the wetland varies seasonably [48 p 15] This wetland type was not scored in the HRS package because it was considered temporary it is not listed as an eligible HRS wetland [21 p A-22]

Wetland Wetland Frontage Reference

Total Wetland Frontage Wetland Value 0

Sum of Sensitive Environments Value + Wetland Value 5

Level II Concentrations Factor Value 5

RI00461F October 2000 70

SWOFEnvironment-Potential Contamination

4 1 4 3 1 3 Potential Contamination

Copperas Brook the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and portions of the Connecticut River are considered State-designated areas for the protection and maintenance of aquatic life according to Section 305(a) of the Clean Water Act (as amended) [60 64 pp 1-3] This sensitive environment is considered subject to Level II concentrations and therefore not scored under potential contamination [1 p 51625] The Ompompanoosuc River is a habitat for a State threatened species [12 pp 1 2 18] The Connecticut River along the surface water migration pathway is a habitat known to be used by a Federally endangered species [12 pp 12 18] These sensitive environments are subject to potential contamination [21 p 329]

The Ompompanoosuc River flows at a rate of approximately 173 cfs at Gauging Station 01141500 [8 39 43 44 pp 12] This River represents a moderate to large stream based on the flow rate [1 p 51613 Tab 4-13] The drainage area for the Ompompanoosuc River is approximately 130 square miles [39]

There are no gauging stations in the Connecticut River within the 15-downstream mile target distance limit for the surface water pathway Gauging station 01138500 at Wells River Vermont is the most upstream station At this location the Connecticut River flows at a rate of approximately 3516 5 cfs [9] Gauging station 01156500 at Vernon Vermont is the most downstream station in the Connecticut River Streamflow at this station is approximately 8333 8 cfs based on USGS data for the drainage area and a mean annual runoff rate for the region [9] Water bodies with streamflow rates greater than 1000 to 10000 cfs are considered large streams to rivers [1 Tab 4-13 p 51613]

All steam flow calculations were based on average annual runoff values (inches) converted to flow per square mile (cfsmi2) For the eastern portion of Orange County Vermont a conversion factor of 1 33 cfs per mi2 was used [43 44 pp 12]

Sensitive Environments

Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Sensitive Environment Reference(s) Value(s)

Moderate to large stream Habitat known to be used by [1 p 51624 (Ompompanoosuc River) a State threatened species Tab 4-23

(Brook floater (Alasmidonta 12 pp 1218] 50 vancosa))

Large stream to river Habitat known to be used by a [1 p 51624 (Connecticut River) Federal endangered species Tab 4-23

(Dwarf wedgemussel 12 pp 1218] 75 (Alasmidonta heterodon))

Wetlands

Wetlands were documented along the West Branch Ompompanoosuc River the Ompompanoosuc River and the Connecticut River between the most distant surface water and sediment sample that documents Level II contamination and the 15-downstream mile target distance limit (Figure 3) [13 p 7 34-37]

RI00461F October 2000 71

Type of SurfaceWater Body

Wetlands Frontage

Moderate to Large Stream(West Branch Ompompanoosuc River and Ompompanoosuc River)

115 miles

Type of Surface Wetlands Water Body Frontage

Large Stream to River 025 miles (Connecticut River)

Sum of Sensitive Type of Surface Environment Water Body Values (S)

Moderate to large stream 50

Large stream to river 75

Reference(s)

[1 pp51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37 8 22 6163]

Reference(s)

[1 pp 51613 51625 Tab 4-13 4-24 34-37969]

Wetland Frontage Value (W)

50

25

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

50

Wetlands Value for Type of Surface Water Body

25

Dilution Weight (D) DW

001 10

0001 010

SumofDWj (Sum of 011

Potential Contamination Factor Value011

RI00461F October 2000 72

GWSW-Ground Water to Surface Water Migration Pathway

42 GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER MIGRATION COMPONENT

4211 DEFINITION OF HAZARDOUS SUBSTANCE MIGRATION PATH FOR GROUND WATER TO SURFACE WATER COMPONENT

Not Scored

RI00461F October 2000 73

X 5 ui 0 Q

BASQMP PORTION OF THE FOLLOWING USGS QUADRANGLE UAP SOUTH STRATFORD VT 1981 PHOTOWSPECTED 1983

GRAPHIC SCALE 0 05 MILE 1 MILE

OUMMMGLE LOCATION

SITE LOCATION FIGURE 1

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN Bf KG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonapin Rood Wilmington MA 01887

SCALE AS NOTED DWC030804SOUSGS_1DWG (978)658-7899

West Branch Ompomponoosuc Rlvw

Dilaquocharglaquo Point of culvert (Copperas Brook)

PPE1

-DUP-oi TAILINGS XSD-09sw-o9 ILL NU C gtbull

SD-10

LEGEND ASD-01SW-01 SEDIMENT SURFACE WATER

SAMPLE LOCATION SURFACE WATER SAMPLE LOCATION

SEDIMENT SAMPLE LOCATION

SOURCE SAMPLE LOCATION

SEEP ROAD

PERENNIAL SURFACE WATER

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER DECANT TOWER

UNIMPROVED ACCESS ROAD

SOURCEi HYDRAULIC EVALUATION AND REVEGETATIDN STUDY ltARMY CORPS OF ENGINEERS 1989gtj TtNUS 1999

SITE SKETCH FIGURE 2 ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY D W MACDOUGALL REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Road Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE NAME DWG03080450SITE_SKETCH DWG

WEST BRANCH MPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

STRAFFORD VT

WEST BRANCH OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

THETFORD VT

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

UNNAMED BROOK

OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER COPPERAS TAILINGS

BROOK PILE NO 1

PONDED WATER

TAILINGS USGS GAUGING

PILE NO 2 STATION 01141500 (173 cfs)

TAILINGS

PILE NO 3

NORWICH VT

FLOW DIRECTION

WETLANDS

PPE LOCATION CONNECTICUT RIVER

TARGET DISTANCE LIMIT

FISHERY

cfs CUBIC FEET PER SECOND

INTERMITTENT SURFACE WATER HANOVER NH

15 MILE TDL APPROXIMATELY 57 MILES DOWNSTREAM FROM CONNECTICUT RIVER OMPOMPANOOSUC RIVER

CONFLUENCE

SOURCE BASE MAP FROM USGS QUADRANGLE MAP RUTLAND VT - NH 1985 TtNUS 1999

SURFACE WATER PATHWAY FIGURE 3

ELIZABETH MINE

STRAFFORD VERMONT TETRA TECH NUS INC DRAWN BY RG DEWSNAP REV 1

CHECKED BY K JALKUT DATE OCTOBER 9 2000 55 Jonspin Rood Wilmington MA 01887 (978)658-7899 SCALE NOT TO SCALE DWG03080450SURF_H20DWG

oXD

111 QQ

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

(Version 20 October 1992)

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Region _I State Vermont

This form should be completed for all sites being proposed for addition to the NPL and included as part of the complete HRS package submitted to EPA Headquarters

Office of Emergency and Remedial Response US Environmental Protection Agency

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

General Instructions

The NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form is designed to standardize the site information collected for input into the NPL Characterization Data Base This data base serves as a repository for general information about NPL sites and is used to respond to queries about NPL sites from a variety of sources including the general public the press other government agencies and members of Congress The primary source materials for completing this form are Regional site file documents (eg PA and SI reports) along with the sites HRS scoring package Although much of the information needed to complete the form is expected to be available in the HRS scoring package other sources in a site file may need to be consulted for some questions If definitive data are not available in the site file to answer a question estimates based on best professional judgment and other sources of information are acceptable

As you complete the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form keep the following points in mind

gt Please complete the form in ink and print legibly

bull Use the most accurate level of information available (eg Si-level information has priority over PA-level information)

gt Try to use the listed response options when answering a question and use unknown and other responses only when absolutely necessary If however the available response options for a question are not adequate to accurately describe the site use the other response and provide a brief explanation in the space provided

raquo Use the margins to explain responses that do not match listed response options or to provide clarifying information If you need additional room to clarify responses use the space provided in Appendix C

raquobull Some questions may go beyond the scope of the HRS scoring package (eg may relate to pathways not scored) Answer these questions with the best information available making reasonable educated guesses if necessary

bull Current as used in this form should be interpreted as the general time period of HRS scoring package preparation

bull Principal contamination as used in this form should be interpretedcontamination that is primarily responsible for a sites proposal to the NPL

as the

Please respond to all questions with the answer that you believe best represents the site conditions given the information available at the time of HRS scoring package preparation Do not skip questions except where specifically directed to do so

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 1

1 Basic Identifying Information

11 Site Name (as entered in CERCLIS) Elizabeth Mine

12 CERCLIS ID Number VTD988366621

13 Name of Person(s) Completing Form Kathleen Jalkut Affiliation (agencycompany) Tetra Tech NUS Inc Phone Number (978) 658-7899

14 Date Form Was Completed 021600 (mmddyy)

15 Site Location City Strafford State Vermont County Orange Zip Code 05072

16 Site Coordinates (in degrees minutes seconds and tenths of seconds)

43deg 49260 North Latitude 072degJ91 44-P_ West Longitude

If tenths of seconds are unknown use 0as a default value If necessary refer to Appendix E of EPAs 1991 PAguidance documentfor directions on how to determine coordinates

17 ATSDR HEALTH ADVISORY Has an Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) Health Advisory been issued

D Yes bull No

If yes what was the date of issue (mmddyy)

18 HOW INITIALLY IDENTIFIED How was the site initially identified to EPA If this information is not available in the HRS scoring package check the PA narrative or other parts of the site file (check one)

D Citizen complaint (including PA petition) bull Statelocal program D CERCLA notification D RCRA notification D Other Federal program (specify) D Incidental (eg identified while discoveringinvestigating another NPL site) D Anonymous D Other (specify) D Unknown

19 UNKNOWN SOURCE Does the site consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)l (check one)

D Yes ground water plume(s) D Yes surface water sediments bull No

STOP HERE If answer to question 19 is Yes proceed to Appendix A and complete the Supplemental Data Collection Form then return to Section euro (page 9) of this form If answer is No continue to Section 2 of this form

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 2 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

2 General Site Description

21 SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city bull Rural outside of city and suburban areas

22 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial bull Residential D Agricultural bull Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

23 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the site is large with only a small contaminated portion only the area of the contaminated portion should be estimated If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres bull gt 20 and lt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 3

24 OWNER AND OPERATOR Whatwho are the current owner(s) and operators) of the site and who were the owner(s) and operators) at the time of principal contamination If the owner and operator are the same then check the same box under Owner(s) and Operator(s) If the current owner andor operator and the owner andor operator at time of principal contamination are the same then check the same box under CURRENT and AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION (check all that apply including at least one in each column NA indicates that a response is not applicable)

CURRENT AT TIME OF CONTAMINATION

Owner(s) Operators) Owner(s) Operator(s)

D D

D D

Private - industrialcommercial Private - small business bull

D bullD

bullD D D

Private - individual Countycity

D D

D D

a D State D D a D Federal D D a D Indian lands D D a D Bankruptcyreceivership NA NA

NA NA

bullD Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned Nonespill or other one-time event

NA NA

NA D

D NA Other (specify) NA NA NA D Other (specify) NA NA NA NA Other (specify) D NA NA NA Other (specify) NA D NA NA Unknown D NA NA NA Unknown NA D

25 SPILLOTHER ONE-TIME EVENT Is this site the result of a one-time spill (eg truck rail car or barge accident) or other one-time event (eg one-time illegal dumping) with no other ongoing waste management or waste generation activities on site (check one)

D Yes specify year of spillother one-time event bull No

If answer is Yes to this question proceed to Section 3 If answer is No continue to question 26

26 YEARS OF OPERATION What are the beginning and ending years of operation at the site Operation includes any activity occurring at the site (other than site remediation and related site investigation activity) and does not necessarily have to involve waste generation andor management Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned operations and active sites that have had periods of inoperation during their existence should be considered currently operating For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation If sites such as this are no longer operating indicate the beginning year of their earliest operation and the ending year of their latest operation (check one)

D Currently operating from (beginning year) D Inactive or abandoned from (beginning year) _L2Q3_to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 4 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

27 YEARS OF WASTE MANAGEMENT ACTIVITIES What are the beginning and ending years of waste management at the site Applicable waste management activities include generation treatment andor recycling of waste containing hazardous substances andor receipt of such wastes from off-site sources Aggregated sites that have a combination of active and inactiveabandoned waste management activities and sites that are actively managing waste that have had periods without waste management activities during their existence should be considered currently managing waste For these sites indicate the beginning year of their earliest waste management activity If sites such as this are no longer managing waste indicate the beginning year of their earliest activity and the ending year of their latest activity All responses should be consistent with responses given for question 26 (check one)

D Currently managing waste from (beginning year) bull No longer managing waste from (beginning year) mdash179^ to (ending year) D Unknown (only if no historical information is available)

3 Site Type

31 SITE ACTIVITIES Which of the following best describe current activitiesoperationsconditions at the site (ie on-site activities) Also identify all former activities that are at least partly responsible for the principal contamination at the site Check all responses that apply including at least one in each column if a primary item is checked at least one sub-item also must be checked (eg if Federal facility is checked a sub-item such as DOD also must be checked)

Current Former D D Federal facility (must also indicate Federal in question 24) D D DOD D D DOE D D DOI (eg Bureau of Land Management) D D USDA (eg Forest Service) D D Other (specify) D D Manufacturingprocessing D D Chemicals and allied products D D Pesticides D D Other (specify) D D Primary metalsmineral processing D D Petroleum refining D D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D D Lumber and wood productspulp and paper D D Wood preservingtreatment D D Other (specify) D D Plastic and rubber products D D Electronicelectrical equipment D D Electric power generation and distribution D D Other (specify) D bull Mining D D Coal D D Oil and gas D bull Metals D D Non-metal minerals D D Other (specify)

(response options for question 31 continue on next page)

NFL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 5

Current Former O D Waste management asprincipal activity (ie no manufacturing or other

principal activity) D D Municipal solid waste landfill D D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF (non-generator) D D Other industrial waste facility including landfill (non-generator) D D Radioactive waste treatment storage disposal (non-generator) D D Recycling D D Batteries D D Usedwaste oil D D Automobilesscrap metaltires D D Drums D D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D D Other (specify) D D Pubhcly owned treatment worksseptic tanksother sewage treatment D D Illegalopen dump D D Other (specify) D D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D D Product storagedistribution asprincipal activity D D Retailcommercial D D Agricultural D NA Residential bull NA Nonecurrently inactive or abandoned NA D Spill or other one-time event with no other activities (must also indicate

spill in question 25) D D Other (specify)

32 WASTE TREATMENT STORAGE AND DISPOSAL ACTIVITIES What treatment storage andor disposal activities occuroccurred at the site (check all that apply)

D Municipal landfill (must also indicate municipal solid waste landfill in question 31) D Industrial landfill D Surface impoundment (primarily liquid) bull Waste pile (primarily solid covered or uncovered) D Drumcontainer storage (intentional storage in specified areas) D Tank - above ground (if tank type is unknown check here) D Tank - below ground D Discharge to sewersurface water (intentional permitted or illegal discharge not secondary

runoff) D Recycling (must also indicate recycling in question 31) D Incinerationother combustion activity (including bum pits) D Underground injection well D Land applicationtreatment D Drainleach field D Illegal dumping (unpermitted dumping by site owneroperator in undesignated disposal area) bull Unauthorized dumping by a party other than the site owneroperator D Nonespill or other one-time event (must also indicate spill in question 25) H Other (specify) Mfin-Hmm f-nntflinprs - Trangformftrfi in thp yinnity nf Tailings Pilp Mn anH in

compressor building

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Page 6 Site Name Elizabeth Mine

4 Waste Description

41 ON-SITEOFF-SITE GENERATION Is an on-site or off-site generator responsible for the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination For consistency recycling facilities should be considered on-site generators (check one)

bull On-site generator only D Off-site generators) only D Both on-site and off-site generators

42 ENTITY THAT GENERATED THE WASTE What is the source(s) of the waste disposed or deposited on site that resulted in the principal contamination(not necessarily the entity that generated the original product) Note that this question is different from question 31 regarding site activities although the response options are similar This question targets the generators) of the waste present on site not the site activities However if the waste iswas generated entirely on site then the response(s) to this question should match the response(s) to question 31 (check all that apply)

D Federal facility D DOD D DOE D DOI D USDA D Other (specify)

D Manufacturing D Chemicals and allied products

D Pesticides D Other (specify)

D Primary metalsmineral processing D Petroleum refining D Metal fabricationfinishingcoating and allied industries D Lumber and wood products

D Wood preservingtreatment D Other (specify)

D Plastic and rubber products D Electronicelectrical equipment D Electric power generation and distribution D Other (specify)

bull Mining D Coal D Oil and gas bull Metals D Non-metal minerals D Other (specify)

D Recycling D Batteries D Usedwaste oil D Automobile junkyardscrap metaltires D Drums D Chemicalschemical wastes (eg solvent recovery) D Other (specify)

(response options for question 42 continue on next page)

NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form

Site Name Elizabeth Mine Page 7

D Transportation (eg railroad yard airport barge docking site) D Product storagedistribution facility D Retailcommercial D Agricultural D Residential D Laboratoryhospital D Constructiondemolition D Site remediation (eg wastes from site cleanups) D Waste management (eg leachate or ash from waste treatment processes) D Other (specify)

43 PHYSICAL STATE OF WASTE What is the physical state(s) of the hazardous substance-containing waste(s) deposited or detected on site (check all that apply)

bull Solid bull Liquid (PCB contaminated oil) bull Sludge (Possibly sewage sludge) D Gas

44 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals bull bull Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D O Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes bull D Other (specify) PCB contaminated soil possibly sewage sludge

45 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question 44)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) bull Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) bull Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

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46 QUANTITY OF WASTE What is the highest HRS hazardous waste quantity factor value among the pathways scored regardless of which tier(s) (A B C andor D) was used in scoring (check one)

D 1 D 10 D 100 bull 10000 D 1000000

47 WASTE ACCESSIBILITY Is the waste on site currently accessible to the public (eg is site access unrestricted so people can potentially come into direct contact with contaminated materials) Items to be considered when judging accessibility include for example presence or absence of a complete cover over the waste area and a secure fence around the site A site with natural access restrictions (eg steep terrain) also can be considered inaccessible Do not count on-site workers as part of the public when answering this question (check one)

bull Yes D No D Unknown

5 Demographics

For this section do not directly use the population factor values calculated in the HRS and entered in HRS scoresheets Use actual (ie unweightedunadjusted) populationfigures which should be available in theHRS supporting documentation

51 NUMBER OF WORKERS ON SITE What is the current number of workers present on site (not including workers involved in response activities) (check one)

bull 0 D gt 1 andlt 10 D gt11 andlt 100 D gt101 and lt 1000 D gt 1000 D Unknown

52 DISTANCE TO POPULATION What is the shortest distance from any source or area of contamination at the site to the nearest residential individual (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) If contamination has migrated off site onto the property of a nearby resident(s) then check the box next to 0 miles If the source or contaminated area is not clearly identified use distance from the site property boundary (check one)

D 0 miles (ie on a source) bull gt 0 and lt 14 mile D gt 14 and lt 12 mile D gt 12 and lt 1 mile D gt 1 and lt 4 miles D gt 4 miles

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53 POPULATION What is the total residential population within 1 mile and 4 miles of the site (include all persons occupying homes apartments businesses or schools) (check one in each column)

Within Within 1 mile 4 miles D D 0 D D gt0andlt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull bull gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 D D Unknown

6 Water Use

For purposes of this section local refers to ground water withdrawals within 4 miles and surface water withdrawals within 15 in-water miles (eg downstream milesfor streams and rivers) of the site (ie within MRS target distance limits)

61 TOTAL DRINKING WATER POPULATION SERVED What is the total population served by local ground and surface water sources of drinking water Use actual population numbers and not adjusted values taken directly from HRS scoresheets For blended systems use total population served instead of prorated values Note that the total population served does not have to reside within the HRS target distance limits only the drinking water supply withdrawal point(s) needs to be within the limits (check one in each column)

Ground Surface D D lt10 D D gt 10 and lt 100 D D gt 100 and lt 1000 bull D gt 1000 and lt 10000 D D gt 10000 and lt 100000 D D gt 100000 O bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

62 TYPE OF DRINKING WATER SUPPLY SYSTEM What type(s) of local drinking water supply system(s) is present Public should be checked for any central water supply system even if operated by a private entity (check all that apply)

Ground Surface D D Public (serves over 25 people eg municipal systems) bull D Private (eg individual wells) D D Unknown D bull Not applicable (no drinking water withdrawals within HRS target distance limits)

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63 OTHER GROUND WATER USES What are the other uses of ground water withdrawn within 4 miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Irrigation D Stock watering D Commercial uses (eg food preparation aquaculrure) D Industrial processcooling D Recreation (eg water supply for municipal swimming pool infiltration into lakes used for

recreation) D Other (specify) D None bull Unknown (unidentified)

64 DEPTH TO AQUIFER What is the approximate depth from the ground surface to the uppermost usable aquifer (ie an aquifer having sufficient yield and water quality to be usable as drinking water or for other beneficial uses) beneath the site (check one)

D lt 10 feet D gt 10 and lt 25 feet D gt 25 and lt 50 feet D gt50andlt 100 feet bull gt 100 feet (most drinking water wells in Strafford VT) D Unknown

65 OTHER SURFACE WATER USES What are the other uses of surface water within 15 in-water miles of the site (check all that apply)

D Not currently used but designated by the state for potential drinking water use bull Recreational fishing bull Other recreation D Irrigation D Stock watering D Industrial processcooling D Commercial fishery including aquaculrure D Other commercial uses D Other (specify) D None D Unknown

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66 TYPE OF SURFACE WATER ADJACENT TODRAINING SITE What are the type(s) of surface water adjacent todraining the site that could potentially be affected by overland runoff from the site (ie are within 2 miles of any source) Indicate whether the water body is known or suspected of being contaminated by the site Yes would indicate that the surface water body meets the HRS criteria for observed release Suspected would indicate that there is some evidence of contamination that is attributable to the site but the surface water body does not meet the HRS criteria for observed release (check all that apply)

D Intermittent stream D Perennial stream D River (gt 1000 cfs annual avg flow) D Lakereservoir D Pond D Bay D Ocean D Drainage ditch D Canal D Other (specify) D No surface water within 2 miles D Unknown

Contaminated D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown bull Yes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No bull Unknown (unidentified) DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown D Yes D Suspected D No D Unknown DYes D Suspected DNo D Unknown

7 Sensitive Environment and Reported Environmental Damage Information

71 EXISTENCE OF SENSITIVE OR POTENTIALLY VULNERABLE ENVIRONMENT Is the site in or near (ie within a 4-mile radial distance or for surface water within 15 in-water miles) an HRS-designated sensitive environment(s) or other potentially vulnerable environments) (check all that apply)

D Yes HRS-designated sensitive environments) D Wetland bull Habitat used by Federal or state designated endangered or threatened species D Other (specify)

D Yes other potentially vulnerable environment(s) (see Appendix B for definitions) D Karst terrain D Seismic impact area III 100-year floodplain D Unstable terrain D Vulnerable ground water (class I as defined by EPA) D Wellhead protection area D Other (specify)

D No D Unknown

72 HUMAN HEALTHBIOLOGICAL IMPACTS Have human health or biological impacts attributable to the site been reported or observed (check all that apply)

bull Yes D Human health bull Flora (eg Stressed vegetation) (deforestation attributed to sedimentation and seepage through the tailings) bull Fauna (eg fish kills wildlife impacts) (absence andor decrease in fish species downstream of mine)

D No D Unknown

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8 Response Actions

81 TYPE OF RESPONSE ACTION What type(s) of response actions has already occurred at or near the site (check all that apply)

D Action has been taken to reduce an immediate threat of fire or explosion D Waste has been physically removed from the site D Waste has been treatedstabilizedcontained on site D Site access has been restricted in response to the contamination D Drinking water well(s) has been closed (on or off site) D Alternate water supply(ies) has been provided (on or off site) D Residents have been relocated D Other (specify) bull None

82 AUTHORITY RESPONSIBLE FOR RESPONSE ACTION Who performed (or contracted for) the response action(s) (check all that apply)

D EPA under authority of CERCLA D EPA under other authority D Other Federal agency (specify) D Statelocal authority D Private party D Other (specify) bull Not applicable (check only if checked None in question 81)

STOP HERE Section 9 will be completed toy a Headquarters QA reviewer

REVIEW OF COMPLETED FORM When you have completed Sections 1 through 8 of the NPL Characteristics Data Collection Form please check to make sure that

(1) All questions are answered except for ones that you were specifically directed to skip and

(2) All questions have been answered such that the responses are internally consistent especially those in Sections 2 and 3 For example if the site is the result of a spill or other one-time event the responses for questions 24 25 31 and 32 should be consistent while if the site is inactive or abandoned the responses for questions 24 26 27 and 31 should be consistent

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9 Questions to be Completed by Headquarters QA Reviewer

91 Name of QA Reviewer

Affiliation (agencycompany)

Phone Number ( )

92 Date QA Completed For This Form (mmddyy)

93 NPL Proposed Rule Number (ie NPL Update number)

94 US Congressional District Number

95 DISCOVERY DATE What is the date the EPA Region was notified of the hazardous waste releasesite (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

96 DATE OF PRELIMINARY ASSESSMENT (PA) What is the date of the PA (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

97 DATE OF SITE INVESTIGATION (SI) What is the date of the SI (should match site assessment CERCLIS information) If the day andor month is unknown use 01 as a default value for these entries

(mmddyy)

98 RCRA SUBTITLE C STATUS What is the RCRA Subtitle C status of the site (check all that apply)

D RCRA Subtitle C TSDF(s) that meets listing policy D Bankrupt D Loss of interim status facility (LOIS) O Non-filer or late filer D Pre-HSWA permittee D Protective filer D Converter

D Large quantity hazardous waste generator D Small quantity hazardous waste generator D Not applicable (eg non-generator or very small quantity generator)

99 MRS SCORE What is the HRS site score (as proposed)

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910 MRS PATHWAYS SCORED Which HRS pathways were scored and for which pathways has observed releasecontamination been documented (check all that apply and provide score as proposed)

Observed Release Pathways Scored Score Contamination

D Ground water D D Surface water (overlandflood) D

D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Surface water (ground water to surface water) D D Drinking water threat D Human food chain threat D Environmental threat

D Soil exposure D D Residential population threat D Nearby population threat

D Air D D None (ATSDR or state top priority site)

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Appendix A Supplemental Data Collection Form for

Unknown Source Sites

This supplemental form should be completed only for unknown source sites (ie those sites that consist exclusively of contaminated ground water or contaminated surface water sediments with no identifiable primary source(s)) The questions and response options in Sections 2 34 and 5 of the standard data collection form that are not applicable to unknown source sites have been eliminated from this supplemental form The general instructions for the standard data collection form apply to this form as well

AI SETTING What is the site setting (check one)

D Large city within boundaries of a city with a population gt 100000 D Small citytown within boundaries of a citytown with a population gt 10000 and lt 100000 D Suburban within immediate suburbs of a city D Rural outside of city and suburban areas

A2 LAND USE What is the current land use(s) within 1 mile of the site (check all that apply)

D Industrial D Commercial D Residential D Agricultural D Forestfieldswetlandsother undeveloped D Parksrecreation D Schooluniversityday care D Military D Other (specify)

If readily available information indicates that projected future land use(s) within 1 mile of the site may differ from the current use(s) checked above (eg building a mobile home park or other new residential area adjacent to a former landfill) write them in the blank that follows Use the response options listed above if possible

A3 AREA What is the approximate area of contamination (ie total area that includes all sources of contamination and other areas where contamination has come to be located plus the area between the sources) If the approximate area of contamination cannot be estimated use the area within the property boundary (check one)

D lt 5 acres D gt 5 and lt 20 acres D gt20andlt 100 acres D gt 100 acres D Unknown

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A4 GENERAL WASTE TYPES What are the waste types deposited or detected on site Indicate all the waste types present on site under Overall If three or fewer waste types are known to comprise the majority (ie over 50) of the waste volume on site indicate their types under Predominant Otherwise leave the Predominant column blank (check all that apply)

Overall Predominant D D Organic chemicals D D Metals D D Non-metal inorganic chemicals D D Strong acidsbases D D Chlorinated solvents D D Pesticides D D Paintspigments D D Oily wastes D D Explosives D D Fuelspropellants D D Fly and bottom ash D D POTW sludge D D Still and tank bottoms D D Contaminated soilsediment D D Radioactive wastes D D Other (specify)

A5 SPECIFIC WASTE CONSTITUENTS Which of the following waste constituents have been deposited or detected on site (check all that apply and make sure that response is consistent with response to question A4)

D Asbestos D Creosote D Cyanides D Dioxins (eg TCDD) D Lead D Pentachlorophenol (PCP) D Polychlonnated biphenyls (PCBs) D Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) D None of the above

Return to Section 6 (page 9) of the Data Collection Forni Do Not Complete Sections 2 3y 4 and 5- bull l

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Appendix B Definitions of Potentially Vulnerable Environments1

Class I Ground Waters Ground waters that are highly vulnerable to contamination and are either (1) irreplaceable as a source of drinking water to a substantial population or (2) ecologically vital

Karst Terrain Areas where karst topography with its characteristic surface and subterranean features is developed as a result of dissolution of limestone dolomite or other soluble rock Characteristic physiographic features present in karst terrain include but are not limited to sinkholes sinking streams caves large springs and blind alleys

Seismic Impact Areas Areas where the probability is greater than or equal to 10 percent that the maximum horizontal acceleration in firm ground or rock at a particular site will equal or exceed 010 g (expressed as a percentage of the earths gravitational pull (g)) within a time period of 250 years Horizontal ground acceleration is defined as maximum change in velocity over rime relative to horizontal movement of the earths surface as measured at a particular point during an earthquake This parameter is used to calculate the acceleration values for any particular area and is derived from equations relating to the areas geology and its past seismicity

Unstable Terrain Areas capable of impairing the integrity of an engineered structure as a result of natural events or human activities Relevant natural events include but are not limited to localized ground subsidence differential settling collapse and slope failure sinkhole formation in karst terrains liquefaction and hydrocompaction Relevant human activities include but are not limited to construction operations flood controls ground water pumping injection and withdrawal resource extraction storm water drainage and seepage from human-made water reservoirs

Wellhead Protection Areas Areas designated by the states to protect wells in recharge areas of public drinking water supplies under authority of Section 1428 of the Safe Drinking Water Act

100-year Floodplain Any area that is subject to a one percent or greater chance of flooding in any given year from any source For riverine systems both the floodway and the floodway fringe are included in the 100-year floodplain

1 To be used in responding to question 71

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Appendix C Additional Comments

Use this space to further clarify or explain responses to questions in the NPL Data Collection Form or Supplemental Data Collection Form For Unknown Source Sites When clarifying or explaining a response please make sure to provide the question number Attach additional sheets if necessary

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