Figure Drawing: Nose and MouthAuthor(s): J. H. VanderpoelSource: Brush and Pencil, Vol. 4, No. 3 (Jun., 1899), pp. 174-175Published by:Stable URL: http://www.jstor.org/stable/25505430 .

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FIGURE DRAWING-NOSE AND MOUTH

When the head leans well forward, the- contour of the lower part of the nose, relieved against the upper lip, marks the separation of the under surface from the sides and top; if seen sufficiently fore shortened the end is much lower than the nostrils, the reverse of

what takes place when the foreshortening is fromn below. There is a definition about the forms of the nose, tending to greater angularity of plane, not common with the eye and mouth because of its bony and cartilaginous construction.

The mouth, like the eye, is capable of great movement, and with it in unison, is unlimited in expression. Because of mobility in ex pression in the mouth, and softness of texture in the lips, care should be taken not to detach the parts, one from the other, beyond accentu ating the separation at the middle and corners. Beginning with the front view, note first the convexity of the mass of the mouth as affected by the teeth; this means that as the corners are farther back than the middle the curvature of both lips in their approach to the cor ners partakes of foreshortening. Observe the relation of the corners to the middle, as the corners in a normal mouth are slightly lower than the middle. Though the mouth, as a mass, is convex, it is differently expressed in the'lips. The mucous portion of the upper lip is divided into two equal parts, or -plains, of greatest width in the middle, retreating and diminishing in width to the corners. The lower lip, on the other hand,. contains three plains, the largest one extending well on each side of the middle of the upper lip, and flanked by a minor one on each side, that penetrates the depression at the corners of the mouth. The length of the upper lip has its origin at the middle cartilage of the base of the nose, in the form of a depression which

widens in its descent and terminates in the delicate angle of the mid dle of -the upper lip; th-is point marks the most forward portion of the mouth (note profile plate IV). This angle is repeated in the con tact of upper lip with the lower at this point, showing how the upper lip-clasps the lower as it overhangs it. To the convexity and pres sure of. the lower lip, much of the curvature in the upper lip is greatly due. The lower lip rolls outward,' relatively, as the depth of the concavity below it is marked; this depression or length of the lower' lip divides perceptibly, and forms the upper- border of the chin. Through the study of the profile, which is equivalent to a sec tion, these facts are more readily understood. Note first the series of steps- on a plain sloping backward, formed by the nose overhang ing the upper lip, the upper the lower lip, which in turn overhangs the chin. Note the concavity of the length of both upper and lower lips,'and the convexity of the thickness of both, greater in the lower, subtly connected with adjacent parts of the face in its approach to the corners, and more angular in the upper lip, as the separation of the thickness from the length is more uniform all the way.

J. H. VANDERPOEL. 174

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