Most Advanced Breast Cancer Treatment at World-

class Hospitals in India

All breast cancer are not the same. More tests will be done to find out the specific pattern and

the extent of the disease or stages. This important step is called staging. After an accurate

diagnosis and proper staging a suitable Treatment Plan is made. There are several modalities of

the treatment-these include Surgery, Chemotherapy, Radiation Therapy and Hormonal Therapy.

These are usually used in a combination.

Surgery

A) Breast Conservation Surgery: Wide excision of only the Breast

Lump (saving the normal breast) with removal of axillary

nodes. At the end of the procedure ,you have a near normal

breast.

B) Modified Radical Mastectomy (MRM): This surgery involves

the removal of entire breast and axillary lymph nodes. This

surgery is recommended in the following circumstances:-

• Cancer is found in more than one part of the breast

• Breast is so small that wide excision of the lump can severely

deform the breast

Following the surgery a drain is placed in the axilla and another

drain is placed under the flaps after the Mastectomy. This will

be removed in another 7-14 days depending on the amount of

the fluid that is draining out. Stitches are removed two weeks

after the surgery.

C) Modified Radical Mastectomy with Reconstruction: For those

women who are unhappy with the idea of losing their breast and

are suitable for immediate breast reconstruction can choose this

option. A plastic surgeon is involved in this surgery and utilizes

patient's own tissues to create a breast which closely matches the

opposite breast, if required an artificial implant may also be use.

Chemotherapy

Many Patients may require Chemotherapy after the Breast

Cancer Surgery. In Chemotherapy a combination of the

drugs is used to kill the cancer cells. The medical

oncologist will plan the therapy according to the individual

case. Chemotherapy may be administered as Neoadjuvant,

Adjuvant and Palliative chemotherapy.

3) Radiation Therapy

Breast Conservation Surgery is always followed by

Radiation Therapy. It may also be used after Mastectomy

surgery if required. The radiation therapy uses very high

energy X-rays to destroy the cancer cells that still may be

present in the affected breast or nearby lymph node. This

procedure is painless and the patient does not feel

anything when the treatment is going on.

Hormonal Therapy

4) Hormonal Therapy :-

Hormonal therapy medicines are whole-body (systemic)

treatment for hormone-receptor-positive breast cancers.

Hormone receptors are like ears on breast cells that listen

to signals from hormones. These signals "turn on" growth

in cells that have receptors. Hormonal therapy medicines

can be used to lower the risk of early-stage hormone-

receptor-positive breast cancer coming back, lower the

risk of hormone-receptor-positive breast cancer in women

who are at high risk but haven't been diagnosed with

breast cancer and help shrink or slow the growth of

advanced-stage or metastatic hormone-receptor-positive

breast cancers.

How is it Diagnosis

Breast Self-Examination (BSE): Breast Self-Examination

(BSE) It is a screening method used in an attempt to detect

early breast cancer. The method involves the woman

herself looking at and feeling each breast for possible

lumps, distortions or swelling. It's easy to perform a breast

self-examination, and it only takes a few minutes.

Although it might seem strange or inconvenient at first,

BSE is a skill you can use throughout your life to help

ensure good breast health.

Clinical Breast Examination: A clinical breast examination

may be part of your regular checkup. Talk with your health

professional about how often you need a breast

examination. Usually it is recommended to have a yearly

visit to a Doctor for a thorough Breast Examination.

Mammogram

Mammogram: A mammogram is a special x-ray

examination of the breast made with specific x-ray

equipment that can often find tumors too small to be felt

during the breast self-examination. A mammogram is the

most used radiographic method available today to detect

breast cancer early. It is ideal for women older than 40

years, for whom the risk of breast cancer is increased.

Breast Ultrasound: The primary use of breast ultrasound

today is to help diagnose breast abnormalities detected by

a physician during a physical exam (such as a lump or

bloody or spontaneous clear nipple discharge) and to

characterize potential abnormalities seen on

mammography.

Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology (FNAC)

A fine needle is inserted into the lump to aspirate a few

cells and spread on a glass slide and studied on a

microscope to arrive at the diagnosis. FNAC is mandatory

for all breast lumps irrespective of the age of the patient.

Stereotactic Biopsy: It is a minimally invasive,

sophisticated technique for extremely small lumps or

calcium deposits that cannot be felt but are detected on

mammography. This method combines mammogram and

computer technology to locate and withdraw cells for

analysis

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