field testing series comp line protection scheme
TRANSCRIPT
7/24/2019 Field Testing Series Comp Line Protection Scheme
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11/25/15
Overcoming the Difficulties in Field Testing
Series Compensated Line Protection Schemes
68th Annual Conference for Protective Relay Engineers
Tx A&
!enton "an#iver $$$% Alexan#er Aostolov
'$CR'( electronics Cor )*A
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Agenda (without Time Information A+E(,A
- $ntro#uction
- Tra#itional Test etho#s
- etho# Analysis an# *olutions
- Re.ote Test ,evices via (etor0
- *eries Co. Case *tu#y
- *u..ary / Conclusions
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Introduction
*eries caacitors alie# to long " trans.ission lines is a roven
technology for re#ucing the transfer reactance an# increasing loa#a3ility
The 0non si#e affect is the effective shortening of the aarent line
length% .a0ing tra#itional #istance rotection .ore challenging to aly
securely
This .eans the testing of these sche.es is li0eise co.licate#
,istance relays i.le.ent secial sche.es for *eries Co.ensate#Protection #een#ing on the status of the caacitors 3eing 4in or out
They also utilie various signal filters for the transients that are generate#
Proving these sche.es has re7uire# ETP level #igital .o#els to roerly
generate the internal an# external fault avefor.s
ull fiel# testing of these sche.es tyically re7uire# extensive use of EtoE
C'TRA,E test cases an# .anual analysis9
:e use a case stu#y of a ;<50" *C =ine to evaluate i.roving the test
.etho# an# re#ucing the effort to erfor. the nee#e# tests
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Common Test !ethods
Local "ela# In$ection % Test Cases &ased on') *enchtest approach using manuall# calculated +uantities
,) Software &ased calculations of these same &asic +uantities-) Software . /ardware simulation with test set simulating remote
rela# and communications channel operations
0nd to 0nd Testing 1 Test Cases &ased on'2) Software . /ardware simulation with t#pical se+uencer tool and
3PS s#nc4) Software . /ardware simulation with t#pical two ended fault
model and 3PS s#nc
5) Software . /ardware simulation using CO!T"AD0 pla#&ac6 of
0!TP test cases and 3PS s#nc
Lab Based Tests – Test Cases based on:
7. EMTP/ATP system model and transient fault simulation
generated COMTA!E e"ents
#. eal Time $imulator system model and transient fault simulation
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Traditional Field Test !ethods
For field testing of Series Compensated Line Protection the
most common approach is to segregate the testing into two
categories'
Series Capacitors *#passed- The protection scheme should react the same as a normal line- Testing can t#picall# &e accomplished with normal fault
simulations- Local rela# in$ections should result in t#pical non%comm trip
operations- 0nd to 0nd tests should result in normal scheme coordination
times
Series Capacitors 7 Scheme In Service- Almost e8clusive use of CO!T"AD0 files for 0nd to 0nd tests- Test Cases are a su&set of those used in 0!TP.ATP or "eal Time
Simulator testing
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Challenges of Traditional Field Test !ethods
If we want to cover a reasona&le spread of test cases9 then we
could re+uire testing at %,:;9 :;9 4:;9 <:;9 ,:; of Line
Length each for A%=9 *%C9 A*C fault t#pes) And this might &ee8tended to include CA%= and A*C%= faults if crucial to 6now)
For the Series Capacitors *#passed Test Cases (4%,4- !anual calculations are tedious for the a&ove num&er of test
cases and prone to error - T#pical two ended models are ade+uate and more consistent- Simulation should include DC offset for closer operate times
For one Series Capacitor 7 Scheme In Service (4%,4- CO!T"AD0 files from La& Testing should &e availa&le
- Organi>ation9 file naming9 correct se+uencing9 recording of eventlogs9 reporting and anal#sis of results are re+uired for the test
cases defined)
Time s#nc for the 0nd to 0nd testing re+uires 6nowledge9 setup9
monitoring9 and constant coordination &etween the terminals)
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Field Testing 1 ?hat Could 3o ?rong@
If #ou &elieve in !urph#))))
- As>3uilt issues ?i9e9 #ifferent CT@s%- *u3stitution of a "T for a C"T% or ratio co.ensation- Te.orary sitching of circuits here the reare# test
cases #o not aly%- Change in test e7ui.ent use#% ?oerational range- Physical +P* setu issues ?antenna% ca3ling% #istance- anoer exerience issues%
- Protection #evice failures/su3stitutions%- Protection ,evice fir.are ugra#es% an#- =ast .inute setting changesB
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Test !ethod Improvements
$f one i#entifies the .aor issues in the rocesses use#
e shoul# 3e a3le to also i#entify otential solutions9:hat if e coul#9999
- si.lify the ti.e sync chores D lug>n>lay- rovi#e a single oint of test execution an# control for .ultile
ter.inals- easily #etect an# a#at #ifferent test e7uie.ent- i.rove the si.ulation .o#el to han#le *eries Co.
co.onents- rovi#e auto.atic coor#ination of the En# to En# test
inections- easily a#at any syste. ara.eters or aaratus changes- auto.atically collect test results fro. 3oth ter.inals- inclu#e ass/fail criteria for each test case execute# so
assess.ent is auto.atic- consoli#ate reorting for 3oth ter.inals
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0,0 1 Traditional Setup
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Case Stud# of Compensation to Triggers
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)sing PTP #irectly in the test 0it e.3e##e# syste. allos several
0ey a#vantagesH- Eli.ination of extra har#are ?3oth external an# internal- Precise internal cloc0 synch ?I/> G92u* to external source- *i.lifie# alication softare
"eplace traditional Porta&le 3PS with PTP
Jey A#vantages of PTP Porta3le cloc0H- ,irect Ethernet connection- Ti.e loc0 to I/> 2GG nanosecon#s- (o oer suly nee#e# ?PoE- Auto 3oot an# *ync
- ;GG. caa3le lea# length
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Leverage !odern =etwor6s 1 pgrade PC Apps
)tility Ethernet netor0s or si.ilar syste.s li0e )T* can
rovi#e for easy re.ote access% ugra#ing the test 0it
co..unications syste. allos several 0ey a#vantagesH- )se co..on TTP ?yertext Transfer Protocol traffic- *ecure re.ote control D roxy a ith co#e/assor#- Exchange of test #ata/results D .ini.u. #elay- *ingle oint of control ?aster PC D ease of use
=ocal Re.ote
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Leverage !odern =etwor6s 1 pgrade PC App
Jey A#vantages of flexi3le syste. .o#elH
- o#el any syste. configuration- Aaratus lace.ent flexi3ility- onitor no.inal syste. values- onitor fault values anyhere- ,efine relay sche.e resonse- Easy .o#ification of ara.eters
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POTT Scheme "esults 1 !easure Propogation Dela#
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Series Comp Case Stud#
$n or#er to .a0e a fair co.arison it as i.ortant to fin# a recently
co..issione# *eries Co. =ine that as fully #ocu.ente#9 The hostutility is very exerience# in *eries Co. Protection an# testing9 The
su3ect ;<50" line ha# series caacitors at 3oth en#s an# ha# ust gone
through 3oth an extensive ETP la3 test an# fiel# co..issioning9 All test
files an# results lus the #ulicate la3 setu ere availa3le9
The case stu#y oul# involve the folloingH- )se the sa.e la3 relays an# P'TT sche.e ith original *C settings- Ti.e all test stes to co.are to the recor#e# co..issioning log- !uil# the .o#el 4on site ith the si.ulation tool an# #ata rovi#e#- Perfor. a verification of syste. values at #efine# 0non test oints- Perfor. testing for each oerational toology .atching ETP TC@sH
19 (o series caacitors% 3oth en#s 3yasse# ?;5 TC@s29 =ocal en# series co. in service ?15 TC@s
;9 Re.ote en# series co. in service ?15 TC@s
<9 !oth en#s series co. in service ?;G TC@s
- Co.are all results for accuracy an# efficiencies- Pro#uce a co.ara3le final reort
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Series Comp Case Stud#
!uil#ing the *C o#el onsite re7uire# the folloing stesH
- )se the syste. #ata to #efine the *ources% =ine% *eries Ca !an0%
CT@s an# C"T@s
- ,efine the Relay Protection *che.e ?< Kone P'TT
- o#ify the grahical .o#el of the li3rary series co. exa.le
- C"T@s relocate# to line si#e of *C@s
- Revise *ource 1 & 2 to inclu#e 2GL reverse line i.e#ance
=i3rary *C Exa.le
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Series Comp Case Stud#
o#el (otesH
- The *eries Caacitor .o#el o.its the varistor an# active sar0 ga Dthis li.its the transient si.ulation of these varia3les9
- The CT an# "T/C"T .o#els are not transient either D this too li.its the
overall transient avefor. si.ulation9
- The sar0 ga can 3e si.ulate# ith .anual test cases after verifying
hich faults oul# 3e suffcient to cause the. to fire9
inal *C o#el
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Series Comp Case Stud#
Test Case Co.arisons
(o *eries co. A>( N 5GL ==
"erifie# ETP files Prefault%
ault% ,C offset% ax currents
for 3oth ter.inals
*i.ulator tool .atche# to FF9FL
of analogs
Correct relay sche.e oerations
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Series Comp Case Stud#
Test Case Co.arisons
=ocal En# ?PP *eries Co.%
;Ph>( ault N FGL == ?f=E
"erifie# ETP files Prefault%
ault% ,C offset% ax currents for
3oth ter.inals
*i.ulator tool .atche# to FF985L
of analogs
Correct relay sche.e oerations
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Series Comp Case Stud#
Test Case Co.arisons
Re.ote En# ?+ *eries Co.%
Ph>Ph ault N 1GL == ?f=E
"erifie# ETP files Prefault%
ault% ,C offset% ax currents for
3oth ter.inals
*i.ulator tool .atche# to
FF9M5L of analogs
Correct relay sche.e oerations
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Series Comp Case Stud#
Test Case Co.arisons
Re.ote En# ?+ *eries Co.%
;Ph ault N 1GL == ?f=E
"erifie# ETP files Prefault%
ault% ,C offset% ax currents
for 3oth ter.inals
*i.ulator tool .atche# to
FF955L of analogs
Correct relay sche.e oerations
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0!TP vs Field Simulator Tool
Co.aring results fro. start to finishH
- The si.ulator tool as co.ara3le for 8F of F5 fiel# test cases9 ?F;9ML- o#el accuracy for calculate# values average# FF98L of ETP values9- $f test cases ere li.ite# to nor.al co..issioning suite% ?6G tests the
si.ulator tool oul# satisfy 1GGL of fiel# testing re7uire.ents9- Continue# .o#el i.rove.ent an# a##ing transient aaratus resonse
ill close the si.ulation ga for the fe 0non #eficiencies9
!ase# on utility #ocu.entation% .an>hours re7uire# for the tra#itional ETP
.o#el #esign% C'TRA,E files generation% fiel# setu of the test
e7ui.ent% coor#ination of the test execution% event/log file #onloa#s% an#
ost analysis of co.aring the C'TRA,E files to event files an# final
reort generation account for 1G #ays for ; TE@s9 ?;G .an>#ays
The si.ulator tool tests erfor.e# re7uire# ; .an>#ays to setu% execute%
analye% an# reort9 That reresents a savings of FGL9
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4 min
, min
: min
2 min
4 min
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Conclusions
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=everaging netor0 co..unication technologies an#
recision ti.e fro. PTP ith a .o#ern softare
alication oens a lot of ne ossi3ilities in the fiel#
testing of co.lex rotection syste.s9
- The tester can si.ulate fault scenarios fro. a single
integrate# alication an# calculate the inecte#7uantities for all ter.inals9
- +P* ti.e sources via PTP netor0s can 3e near
lug>n>lay for client test #evices% 3ri#ging even long
#istances into su3stations9- o3ile co.uters ith $nternet access in the fiel#
can 3e use# to control re.ote test #evices ithout
co.lex netor0 set>u9
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Conclusions
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- A single softare alication can control .ultile test
#evices via a netor0 connection% so that executing a
synchronie# shot is as si.le as for a single>
ter.inal test an# the results for all ter.inals are
availa3le i..e#iately after9
- urther i.rove# fiel# si.ulator .o#els can rovi#e
ETP 7uality tests for co.lex oer syste.
toologies9
- A central control% synchronie# si.ulator tool ithnetor0 access can rovi#e an or#er of .agnitu#e
re#uction in fiel# testing ti.e9
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Alexe