ferrocement biogas digester - build a biogas...
TRANSCRIPT
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How to Build a Low-cost Ferrocement Biogas Digester
E J C l M G dEngr. Jose Carmelo M. GendranoPhilippine Center for Water and SanitationWASH Coalition Pilipinas
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FERROCEMENT IN WASTEWATER FACILITY CONSTRUCTIONFACILITY CONSTRUCTION
Ferrocement is a highly economical
h d f method of making septic tanks, b ffl d baffled reactors (shown here).
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FERROCEMENT IN WASTEWATER FACILITY CONSTRUCTIONCONSTRUCTION
Anaerobic filter tanks
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FERROCEMENT IN WASTEWATER FACILITY CONSTRUCTIONONS U ION
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BIOGAS QUICK FACTSBIOGAS QUICK FACTSQQ
1. Mainly methane plus some CO2y p 2(25%-50%). Methane- greenhouse gas several times more potent gas several times more potent than CO2 .One cubic meter = 0 5 litres One cubic meter = 0.5 litres diesel.O k f bl One kg of compostable matter = theoretically 0.4m3 biogas, but in y gpractice only one-half to ¾ of this is attainedthis is attained.
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How Biogas is produced in How Biogas is produced in Digesters
1 Hydrolysis and acid formation in 1. Hydrolysis and acid formation in waste by acid-forming bacteria (h d i )(hardy, active)
2.Production of methane from 2.Production of methane from acids by methane bacteria (sensitive)(sensitive).
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ALL-FE E E FERROCEMENT BIO-DIGESTER (PCWS MODEL)(PCWS MODEL)
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ALL FERROCEMENT BIO DIGESTER ALL- FERROCEMENT BIO-DIGESTER (PCWS MODEL) FEATURES
1. Volume = 1.2m3 displacement chamber, 3m3
digester/gas collector chamberdigester/gas collector chamber.2. Co-axial displacement vessel and digester;
saves space and facilitate piping and saves space and facilitate piping and maintenance.
3 Cost: PhP8 000 in materials (50%) and 3. Cost: PhP8,000 in materials (50%) and labor. This does not include professional fee of engineerfee of engineer.
4. Good for at least 8 pigs.5 up sizeable design to at least 25m3.5. up-sizeable design to at least 25m3.
6. Stirrer for digestion efficiency.
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BUILDING THE ALL-FERROCEMENT BIO-DIGESTER
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Laying the Patterns
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Bending the mold rebars
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Welding the molds Digester mold welding
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Displacement chamber mold
Walling-in culvert mold weldingW g u m w g
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Finished molds
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After cutting, the panels are clad in wire mesh.
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Here the digester mold is re-assembled and wrapped in polyester curtain clothpolyester curtain cloth.
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M hil th h l f th bi Gravel base course for the Meanwhile, the hole for the biogas digester is dug.
Gravel base course for the base
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Wire reinforcement for the base is laid, then cement is poured.
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The digester mold wrapped in The digester mold wrapped in cloth and standing on the fresh-cast base First mortar coating of the
digester.
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V ti l i i f t Vertical wires reinforcement for the digester
After the horizontal wiring is laid a finishing mortar coatlaid, a finishing mortar coat.
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The digester is de-molded and finished inside.
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The displacement chamber is made in the same way: The displacement chamber is made in the same way: wrapping the assembled mold in polyester curtain cloth.
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The displacement chamber mold is set atop the digester.
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After a coating of mortar the reinforcing wires are laid the outside is After a coating of mortar, the reinforcing wires are laid, the outside is finished and after a day, the chamber is de-molded. The insides are then finished (not shown).
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The sludge/solid waste box and the pipings are installed.
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l d d f h b d b b d f A lid is made for the box and manhole.
A biogas burner is made from some aluminum tubing and a beer can.
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If the water table in a project site is low, th t k b f b i t d b d the tanks can be prefabricated aboveground before setting into the excavation.
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Finished but still needs leak testing, connecting to burner and operationalization.
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PCWS Bio-digester Version 2: PVC Tarp Gas Collector
Why tarp?
1 Cheaper 1. Cheaper (PhP5,000 per 1.8m3 x 2m3
digester)g )
1. Does not require skilled mason for the ferrocementgas collector
2. Safer and easier to maintain.
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PCWS Biodigester Version 3 (for piloting): Urban Bio DigesterUrban Bio-Digester
Small diameter of 120cm will fit into more spaces in more spaces n congested urban communities
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Urban Digester M ld Mold System
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SOME FUTURE PROSPECTS FOR BIOGAS AND OTHER LOW COST WASTEWATER TREATMENTOTHER LOW-COST WASTEWATER TREATMENT
1 Possibility of replacing petroleum fuels if means to 1. Possibility of replacing petroleum fuels if means to utilize cellulosic wastes are developed.
2 Hi h n m n s h s f m pi s ill p b bl 2. High-energy manure such as from pigs will probably be more valuable if a process for turning them to aquaculture feeds is found.
3. Try out /develop even cheaper wastewater treatment innovations to make them affordable:
4. Innovations for retrofitting existing wastewater installations for biogas harvesting and more nstallat ons for b ogas harvest ng and more efficient wastewater treatment.
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SUCH AS:
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SUCH AS:
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SUCH AS:
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5. Prospect of Developing Bacterial Fuel Cells (El i i Di f Bi Di i (Electricity Direct from Biogas or Digesting Microbes)
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F i f ti l t tFor more information please contact
Philippine Center for Water and Sanitation (PCWS)
and
WASH C liti Pili i
WASH Coalition PilipinasPenthouse 3 Minnesota Mansion267 Ermin Garcia StreetCubao, Quezon CityPhilippines 1102Phone/Fax: (632) [email protected] [email protected] www.itnphil.org.ph