7/23/2019 Female Reproductive System Diseases

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/female-reproductive-system-diseases 1/2

Female Reproductive

System Diseases

The reproductive system is a

collection of internal and external

organs — in both males and females —

that work together for the purpose of

procreating, according to the

leveland linic! Due to its vital role in

the survival of the species, many

scientists argue that the reproductive

system is among the most important

systems in the entire body!

"ndometriosis 

a condition involving colonization of the

abdominal/pelvic cavity with islands of

endometrial tissue. Endometrium is the lining

layer of the uterus which sloughs o with each

menstruation. If endometrial tissue ushes up

the uterine tube and spills into the abdomen

(peritoneal cavity) the clots of endometrial

tissue can attach to abdominal organs such as

the bladder rectum intestinal loops and thencycle along with the uterus in response to

monthly changes in ovarian hormones.

!leeding into the abdomen irritates the lining

membrane the peritoneum and causes

abdominal pain.

#elvic inflammatory disease $#%D& 

although males have

a closed abdominal cavity the female

abdominal cavity has a direct anatomical path

from the outside world via the female

reproductive tract. !acteria can ma"e their way

up the vagina through the uterus and traverse

the uterine tubes which open into the

abdominal cavity. Inammation of the lining of

the abdominal cavity the peritoneum causes

abdominal pain. #lthough there are manypotential causes of $I% gonorrheal infection is

one of them. &hronic Inammation of the

uterine tubes can occlude them resulting in

infertility.

#rolapsed uterus 

the uterus is almost directly above the vagina.

In fact the cervi' the nec" region of the

uterus e'tends into the upper vagina.

igaments hold the uterus in proper position so

that it does not prolapse or herniate into the

vagina. evere prolapse can result in the

uterine cervi' protruding from the vaginal

opening. urgical repair is typically re*uired to

restore the uterus to its proper anatomicalposition.

'varian cancer 

 tends to have a poorer outcome than other

gynecological cancers +oss noted because it

is not typically diagnosed until it has

progressed signi,cantly. -here is no standard

screening available for ovarian cancer so it is

very dicult to identify it early.0

(ou can consult these when you encounter

these diseases)

'bstetrician 1 literally -midwife0 in atin. #

physician specializing in the diagnosis and

management of pregnancy and deliveringbabies.

*ynecologist 1 a physician specializing in

diseases of the female reproductive system

and surgery of this area. 2ost physicians

currently specialize in combined practice of

3!/456.

"pisiotomy 1 a surgical procedure cutting into

the perineal area the area between the vagina

and anus in order to prevent tearing of tissues

7/23/2019 Female Reproductive System Diseases

http://slidepdf.com/reader/full/female-reproductive-system-diseases 2/2

when the baby7s head traverses the vaginal

opening.+ysterosalpingogram 1 special 89rays of the

uterus and uterine tubes involving passing an

opa*ue dye bac"wards up through the uterus

to determine if the tubes are patent. ince the

tubes are open into the abdominal (peritoneal)

cavity if patent dye should spill out of the end

of the tubes and be manifest on the 89ray.