fell experience wood woodworks 2nd download-rtm · strategies%of%building%projects.% %%% ......

Experience)Wood:))Empowered)to)Experiment)

Barbara%Bell%Innova,on%Support%Specialist%%David%Fell%Research%Leader%

“The%Wood%Products%Council”%is%a%Registered%Provider%with%The%American%Ins,tute%of%Architects%Con,nuing%Educa,on%Systems%(AIA/CES),%Provider%#G516.%%!Credit(s)%earned%on%comple,on%of%this%course%will%be%reported%to%AIA%CES%for%AIA%members.%Cer,ficates%of%Comple,on%for%both%AIA%members%and%nonRAIA%members%are%available%upon%request.%%%

This%course%is%registered%with%AIA%CES%for%con,nuing%professional%educa,on.%As%such,%it%does%not%include%content%that%may%be%deemed%or%construed%to%be%an%approval%or%endorsement%by%the%AIA%of%any%material%of%construc,on%or%any%method%or%manner%of%handling,%using,%distribu,ng,%or%dealing%in%any%material%or%product.%___________________________________________

Ques,ons%related%to%specific%materials,%methods,%and%services%will%be%addressed%at%the%conclusion%of%this%presenta,on.%%

%

Course)Descrip5on)

The%use%of%wood%as%a%finishing%material%creates%a%special%connec,on%between%the%building%and%its%occupants%due%to%its%biological%context%and%natural%variability.%The%visual,%auditory,%tac,le%and%olfactory%experiences%is%rooted%in%the%way%trees%grow.%Examining%the%“experience%of%wood”%from%a%scien,fic%perspec,ve,%this%session%will%provide%a%guide%to%the%use%of%woodRbased%finishes%on%aVributes%such%as%hardness,%reflectance%of%visual%surfaces,%grain%paVerns,%light%condi,oning,%acous,cs,%color,%humidity%control,%and%more.%AVendees%will%be%empowered%to%experiment%and%vary%the%use%of%wood%in%their%architectural%designs.%%

Learning)Objec5ves)

1.%Examine%the%connec,on%between%wood’s%anatomy%and%the%human%visual,%auditory,%tac,le%and%olfactory%experience%of%wood%applied%in%buildings.%

2.%Consider%how%lumber,%veneer%and%panel%grades%can%yield%very%different%visual%effects.%%3.%Apply%technical%informa,on%on%wood%species%to%the%finishing%strategies%of%building%projects.%

%%%4.%Discuss%case%study%examples%where%the%knowledge%of%wood%anatomy%has%translated%into%notable%building%design.%%%

Experience)Wood:)Empowered)to)Experiment)

Building%View%

Have)you)every)really)looked)at)Wood?)

Grain%and%color%contribute%to%buildings%

Have)you)every)really)looked)at)Wood?)

Have)you)every)really)looked)at)Wood?)Grain%and%color%happen%at%the%microscopic%level%

Overview)

1.   Inspira5on)

2.   Understanding)

3.   Applica5on)

Inspira5on)

Inspira5on)–)History)

380,000BC%

Oldest%Wood%Tool%

Oldest%Wood%Architecture%

Oldest%Wood%Wheel%

3000%BC%

5000%BC%

Credit:%%Clark,%C.% Credit:%Tagel,%W.%et%al.% Credit:%City%Museum%Ljubljana%

Oldest%Wood%Boat%

3000%BC%

Credit:%Kairoinfo4u%

Inspira5on)–)Design)

Resurgence%in%wood%because%of%carbon%story%

Inspira5on)J)Environment)

Inspira5on)–)Human)Interac5on)

Wood%is%a%preferred%visual%material%both%cogni,vely%and%psychophysiologically.%%%Japanese%study%(Tsunetsuga%et%al.%2007)%

•  Subjects%preferred%45%%room%•  Blood%pressure%and%heart%rate%lowest%in%90%%

room%%Austrian%Classroom%Study%(Keltz%et%al.,%2011)%

•  Over%the%course%of%a%year%students%with%wood%furniture%has%greater%stress%lowering%response%than%students%with%nonRwood%desks%

Inspira5on)–)Visual)

Inspira5on)–)Visual)wood)) ) ) ) ) )reduces)stress)

Test (15 min.) Baseline (10 min.) Recovery (10 min.)

Stress activation (SCL) Stress responses per minute (SCR)

Acute stress Apprehension stress Recovery

But)wood)is)variable…)

Stress)ac5va5on)J)Physiological)

Healthy)–)SelfJreport)(Cogni5ve))

Natural)J)SelfJreport)(Cogni5ve))

Warm)J)SelfJreport)(Cogni5ve))

%%

Inspira5on)–)Tac5le)

Wood%tac,le%response%produced%no%increase%in%systolic%blood%pressure%%Acrylic%surface%%

•  Raised%BP%when%room%cold%

Aluminum%•  Raised%BP%at%room%temperature%and%when%cold%

Inspira5on)–)Tac5le)

%Cedar%

Inspira5on)–)Olfactory)

Stepinit%Design%

%ShinrinRyoku%%R%Forest%Bathing%Japan,%Korea,%California%%

Inspira5on)–)Olfactory)

–%%alphaRpinene%(bronchodialator,%an,Rinflamatory,%an,bio,c,%memory,%aVen,on%deficit%disorder)%%

%%

Inspira5on)–)Auditory)J)Sound)Dampening))

Perfora,ons,%reveals%or%slats,%acous,c%backing%

Inspira5on)–)Auditory)%Sound%Reflec,on%–%auditoriums,%conference%halls%%

Material) NRC)

Steel% .00R.10%

Concrete% .00R.05%

Gypsum% .05%

Wood% .05R1.5%

Plywood% .10R1.5%

Cork% .10R1.5%

%Tonewood%

Inspira5on)–)Auditory)

%%Stress%reduc,on%found:%

•  Office%study%(Canada)%•  Home%studies%(Japan)%•  School%study%(Austria)%

%%

%%%%

Inspira5on)J)Health)

%%Moisture%buffering%•  Used%extensively%in%interiors,%wood%acts%as%a%passive%

humidifier/air%condi,oner%and%can%cut%down%on%ven,la,on%costs%

•  Reduc,on%of%peak%moisture%loads%by%10R25%%•  End%grain,%permeable%finishes%•  CLT%%%%%


%Shock%Absorp,on%%

•  Reduces%body%fa,gue%by%dissipa,ng%force%

•  Floors%can%be%‘sprung’%for%added%flexibility%

%%%%


Understanding)wood)

Wood)was)already)a)structure)

Understanding))J)ANISOTROPIC)

Understanding)–)Wood)Anatomy)

Understanding)J)Grain)

%%

Understanding)–)Grain)(Flat)Grain))

%%

Understanding)–)Grain)(Edge)Grain))

%%

Understanding)–)Grain)(End)Grain))

%Hardwoods%

Oak is ring porous

Red Alder is diffuse porous

Understanding)–)Grain))

%

Veneer%•  More%stable%than%solid%wood%for%large%flat%areas,%more%economical,%uses%fine%woods%more%judiciously%

•  Cannot%be%refinished%•  Rotary%or%sliced%makes%for%different%grain%paVerns%

Flat sliced Quarter sliced

Rotary Cut

Understanding)

%Veneer%

•  Veneers%can%be%arranged%in%many%ways%

Understanding)

Understanding)

%

Color%•  Heartwood%and%sapwood%•  Color%sor,ng%•  Durability%

Understanding)–)Color)in)Wood)

Understanding)–)Color)in)Wood) 0 +100

Wes

tern

larc

h

red

alde

r

Asp

en

Dou

glas

fir

broa

dlea

f map

le

red

oak

Wes

tern

hem

lock

W

hite

birc

h

amab

ilis

fir

lodg

epol

e pi

ne

tam

arac

k

suba

lpin

e fir

suga

r map

le

Mean = 67.3 Range=26.7 Low= 57.0 High=83.7

Whi

te b

irch

-100 +100 0

Mean = 11.6 Range=16.4 Low= 2.9 High= 19.3

Asp

en

red

alde

r

Doug

las

fir

broa

dlea

f map

le

red

oak

Wes

tern

hem

lock

amab

ilis fi

r

lodg

epol

e pi

ne

tam

arac

k

suba

lpin

e fir

suga

r map

le

Wes

tern

larc

h

Photosensi,vity%Heart%Sap%Mix%

Understanding)–)Visual)

Understanding)–Surface)Reflectance)

Understanding)–)Divergent)Features)/)Character)wood)

%

Hardness:%%Janka%test%(N)%%

Understanding)J)Hardness)

Species) Janka)Ra5ng)

Sugar%maple% 6400%

White%oak% 6000%

Black%walnut% 4500%

Red%Alder% 2490%

White%pine% 1700%

%

•  Shrinkage%along%the%radial%and%tangen,al%axis%should%be%accommodated%while%longitudinal%movement%is%negligible%

•  Tangen,al%shrinkage%is%always%greater%than%radial%•  The%lower%the%ra,o%the%beVer%

Understanding)–)Moisture)Rela5ons)

Understanding)–)Moisture)Rela5ons)

Species) Tangen5al)%) Radial)%) Volumetric)%)

Red%Alder% 7.3% 4.4% 12.6%

Western%Red%cedar%

5.0% 2.4% 6.8%

White%oak% 10.5% 5.6% 16.3%

Applica5on)

%Durability)))

%by%Nature%%by%Treatment%%by%Design%

%

•  Hardness%!  Flooring,%stairs,%mouldings%and%millwork%!  Janka%ra,ngs%for%species%choice%!  Edge%grain%over%flat%grain%for%flooring%

Applica5on)J)Durability)by)Nature))

%

•  Hardness%R%endgrain%


%

•  Strength%•  Hardness%•  Movement%•  Durability%

%


%•  Finish%Selec,on%

!  Wear%resistance%!  Chemical%resistance%!  Hardening%!  Reparability%!  Adhesion%!  UV%resistance%%

Applica5on)–)Durability)by)Treatment)

%•  Impregnated%Wood%

!  Improving%hardness%!  Acrylic%resin%!  Agricultural%protein%(corn%or%soy)%

Paint Body

Applica5on)J)Durability)by)Treatment)

•  Thermally%Modified%Wood%•  Baked%at%160˚R245˚%•  Stable,%brown%in%colour,%

decay%resistance%comparable%to%western%red%cedar%

Paint Body

Applica5on)J)Durability)by)Treatment)

Charred%wood%

%

%

•  Design%for%Movement%

!  Allow%for%movement%!  Disguise%the%effects%of%movement%!  Use%Wood%Strategically%

Applica5on)–)Durability)by)Design)

%%

•  Design%for%Wear%

!  Chair%rails%and%wainsco,ng%!  Rounded%edges%and%corners%!  Landing%in%entrance%!  Baseboard%details%!  Use%paVern%and%texture%to%‘hide’%wear%and%tear%

Applica5on)Durability)by)Design)

%%

•  Design%to%Disguise%Wear%

!  Use%paVern%and%texture%to%‘hide’%wear%and%tear%


%%



Alain%Wong,%Comodo%Design%office,%Hong%Kong.%%

%%



%

•  Design%for%Avoiding%Wear%

!  Ceilings%–  Tray%ceilings,%coffers,%hung%systems,%slats%

!  Walls%–  Paneling,%wainsco,ng,%chair%rails,%crown%moldings,%beams%

–  Add%acous,cs%and%humidity%control%

!  Window%Treatments%– Wood%blinds,%shuVers%–  Casts%amber%glow,%UV%absorp,ve%

!  Ligh,ng%


Durability)by)design)%



Assemble%Studio,%Melbourne.%Joachim%Holland%Designer.%

Durability)by)design)

Photo: UBC Life Sciences

Photo: UBC Computer Engineering

%



%Design%for%Cleanability%

•  Gloss%finish%•  Avoid%voids%•  Avoid%flat%surfaces%where%water%can%pool%

Paint Body


%

%•  Design%for%the%occupants%


Faculty%of%Forestry,%UBC.%%

%

%Design%for%Longevity%

•  Create%and%emo,onal%connec,on%


%

%Design%for%Longevity%

•  Design%a%space%to%evolve%


%%

•  Design%for%Repair%or%Replacement%%


%Vancouver%Trade%and%Conven,on%Centre,%Vancouver%BC.%Designed%by%LMN%Architects,%fabricated%by%Island%Precision%Millwork,%2009.%

Applica5on)–)Case)Studies)

%%

Xthum%Kwantlen,%Kwantlen%Polytechnic%University,%Surrey%BC.%Design%by%Public%Design,%fabricated%by%Pacific%Woodworking,%2008.%


%%

Obakki%Store%PointRofRPurchase%Counter,%designed%by%Brent%Comber%and%Mcfarlane,%Green%and%Biggar%Architects,%2009.%%


Ques5ons?)This%concludes%The%American%Ins,tute%of%Architects%Con,nuing%Educa,on%Systems%Course%

Barbara)Bell)FPInnova,ons%barbara.bell@fpinnova,ons.ca%

This%presenta,on%was%developed%by%a%third%party%and%is%not%funded%by%WoodWorks%or%the%so8wood%lumber%check;off.%

David)Fell)FPInnova,ons%david.fell@fpinnova,ons.ca%

fell experience wood woodworks 2nd download-rtm · strategies%of%building%projects.% %%% ......

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