feko overview - altair university · feko for defense and aerospace –antenna coupling: co-site...

FEKO Overview

Altair TechDay10 October 2016

Sandra Fermiñán Rodríguez

Application Engineer EM EMEA

[email protected]

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Copyright © 2016 Altair Engineering, Inc. Proprietary and Confidential. All rights reserved.

Altair’s Divisions

Simulation and

Optimization Technology

Workload Management and

Cloud Computing Solutions

Product Innovation

Consulting

Industrial Design

Technology

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Electromagnetics

WinProp: Wave Propagation

Electro-magnetic Spectrum

FEKO: Antennas, EMC

Flux: Motors, Transformers

Flux

FEKO

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Introducing FEKO

Electromagnetic

simulation

Altair FEKO is a leading comprehensive

electromagnetic (EM) analysis software,

widely used in many industries and built

on state of the art computational EM

(CEM) techniques, to provide users with

software that can solve a broad range of

electromagnetic problems.

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Main FEKO Industry Sectors

Aerospace

Automotive

Defense

Communications Consumer Electronics

Energy

Healthcare

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Selection of Commercial Customers

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FEKO Key Applications

Electromagnetic

Compatibility (EMC)

Multiphysics Analysis and Optimization

Antenna Design Others ScatteringAntenna Placement

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Solvers in FEKO – Simulation Map

EL

EC

TR

ICA

L S

IZE

COMPLEXITY OF MATERIALS

FDTD

FEM

MLFMM

MoM

UTD

PO/RL-GO

Full-wave

Methods

(physically

rigorous solution)

Asymptotic

Methods

(high-frequency

approximation)

Hybridization to

solve large and

complex

problems

All solvers included in the

same package

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FEKO UI Components – CADFEKO and Solver

• CADFEKO: Model creation / import, definition, simulation and output specification

• Solver: Performs calculations

CADFEKO

POSTFEKO

FEKO Solver

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FEKO UI Components – POSTFEKO

• POSTFEKO: Post processing of simulation results

CADFEKO

POSTFEKO

FEKO Solver

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Import and Export Filters

Import Mesh- ABAQUS

- ANSYS CDB

- ASCII data format

- AutoCAD DXF

- Concept

- FEMAP Neutral

- GiD

- NASTRAN

- NEC

- PATRAN

- STL

Import Geometry- ACIS

- AutoCAD DXF drawings

- CATIA V4

- CATIA V5

- IGES

- Parasolid

- Pro/ENGINEER

- STEP

- Unigraphics

- ODB++

- 3Di

- Gerber

Export Geometry- ACIS

- CATIA V4, V5

- IGES

- Parasolid

- STEP

Export Mesh- NASTRAN

- STL

- Gerber mesh

- AutoCAD DXF

(mesh boundary)

HyperMesh meshes can also be

imported into CADFEKO

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FEKO for Automotive - Applications

• Antenna analysis and design, and EMC problems related to:

• Radio and TV broadcasting

• Remote keyless entry systems

• Tire-pressure monitoring systems (TPMS)

• Wireless and satellite communications

• Radar collision avoidance

• Cable coupling

• Shielding effectiveness

• Measurement chamber modelling

• Wireless charging for electric and hybrid vehicles

• Others

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FEKO for Automotive – Windscreen Antennas

• Antennas (FM, AM, TV, mobile) are often integrated directly into

the vehicle multilayer rear quarter or rear windscreen, as they

provide no aerodynamic drag

• FEKO Windscreen Tool integrated in CADFEKO

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FEKO for Automotive – Remote Keyless Entry

A Novel Link Budget Approach for the Analysis of Automotive Remote Keyless Entry Systems

R. El-Makhour et al., VTC 2013

Typical keyless entry system scenario Key fob and corresponding FEKO model

Measured chamber test setup Validation of the fob: comparison of the simulated and

measured transmitter gain at 433.92 MHz

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FEKO for Automotive – EMC: Radiated Emissions and Immunity

• Simulation of radiated emissions or immunity tests

DUT

EMC antenna

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FEKO for Automotive – EMC: Cable Modelling in FEKO

• FEKO also includes a Multiconductor Transmission Line (MTL) method to solve cable

problems, used with FEKO’s field solvers to compute the external fields and currents

that couple to/from such complex cables bundles

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FEKO for Automotive – RF Safety/ Radiation Hazard

• What is radiation hazard?

• Transmitters mounted on or in vehicles may need to be certified to ensure that the

EM fields absorbed in passengers comply with the relevant standards, depending

on the operational frequency and power levels

• Standards (e.g. ICNIRP, FCC) use peak field levels and specific absorption rate

(SAR) as a measure to quantify safety

• IEEE 1528.2 is deals with vehicle mounted antennas and absorption for

passengers and bystanders


FEKO for Automotive - EM topics

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace - Applications

• Key applications for FEKO in these

industries are:

• Design of communication, navigation

and radar antennas for aircraft,

ships, vehicles, satellites, missiles

and other platforms

• Investigation of antennas’ placement

to optimize radiation performance

and mitigate cosite interference

• Analysis of electrically large

platforms

• Scattering and radar cross section

(RCS) analysis

• EMC analysis, including cable

modelling, electromagnetic pulses

(EMP), lightning effects, high

intensity radiated fields (HIRF) and

radiation hazard

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Antenna Placement: L-Band

Antenna on Dash 8 Q300

300 000 triangles, solved with PO

Aircraft Antenna Modeling and Analysis

D.W. Estlick and C. Beaupre, ACES 2007 Conference Proceedings, 2007

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Antenna Coupling: Co-Site

Interference Analysis

• Equivalent far field (ideal) receiver antennas are placed at 3 locations on top of

the fuselage

• The same far field that was used for the source is used for the receivers

• The coupling 10*log(RX_Power/TX_Power) is estimated at the 3 different

locations in the 1-1.2 GHz band

• Antenna mismatch is not taken into account in this calculation

RX1RX2RX3

TX

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Simulating Composite

Material Airframes

Elevation RCS at 50 MHz Surface current distribution

Azimuth RCS at 50 MHz

Carbon fibre Metallic

Surface current distribution

Carbon fibre Metallic

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Example: Weather Radar

Antenna Radome

• Nosecone of an aircraft is a radome protecting the

weather radar antenna (typically a slotted waveguide

antenna array)

Full Aircraft

Nosecone

Front Body

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Active Beam Scanning: With

and Without Radome

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Results with Rough Sea

Surface at 600 MHz

• Theta_inc = 60 degrees

• Sea waves produce modest reflection; can slightly increase or decrease total reflection

• Sea wave pattern below, due to shape, has most reflection when illuminated from the side

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – EMC: HIRF, Lightning

Analysis or EMP

Magnetic field strength at 50 MHz

Magnetic field strength at 1 GHz

HIRF Application

The aircraft geometry on the first row above is part of the CEMEMC workshop and corresponds to a morphed version of EV55, Intellectual Property of EVEKTOR,

spol. s r.o. and the HIRF SE Consortium (HIRF-SE FP7 EU project)

Exit pointDouble exponential pulse

Lightning stike on airborne platform (and using time analysis in POSTFEKO)

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FEKO for Defense and Aerospace – Radiation Hazards of Multiple

Transmitters

• Combined radiation hazard: 3 transmitters simultaneously transmitting

Percentage exposure levels (red = 100%)

Combined maximum exposure iso-surfaces

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FEKO for Electronics – Applications

• Key applications for FEKO are:

• Antenna design and integration for a wide set of

products including mobile phones, tablets,

cameras, laptops and TVs

• Design of diversity and MIMO antennas

• Pre-compliance radiation performance

evaluation and specific absortion rate (SAR)

analysis

• Shielding effectiveness for electronic housings

• Wireless power transfer

Antenna radiation pattern 1.8 GHz

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FEKO for Electronics – Antenna Design and Optimization

[1] A Novel Quad-Band Diversity Antenna for LTE and Wi-Fi Applications With High Isolation; Meshram, et al.

IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION, VOL. 60, NO. 9, SEPTEMBER 2012

• A quad band dual MIMO antenna design for mobile devices

• the design is for LTE (746-787MHz, 1850-1990 MHz and 1920–2170 MHz) and Wi-Fi (3600–3700 MHz) bands

• the isolation between the 2 channels is improved by using a defective ground configuration (T slot combined with a ring slot)

• the design is low profile and offers good diversity and MIMO performance in all bands


FEKO for Electronics – Antenna Performance Verification and

Compliance

• FEKO is used to predict the integrated antenna

performance and compliance investigations,

reducing the risk of noncompliance for the final

product

• Typical real-world test environments: against the

head, hand effect, different grips, inside a

vehicle, etc.

• Spatial peak averaged SAR (IEEE 1528)

• CTIA over-the-air OTA parameters including

efficiency and TRP

Antenna performance verification

SAR compliance testing

SAR distribution in the head

phantom, the red cube shows the

location of the spatial peak averaged

1g SAR = 0.854 W/kg

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FEKO for Electronics – Shielding Effectiveness PC Tower

Around 1 GHz the spacing between the boards acts like a cavity causing standing wave patterns in the tower where

some areas inside are better shielded than other areas. At higher frequencies more field leaks into the tower and the

field spreads more evenly through the tower.

1 GHz 6.5 GHz 12 GHz

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FEKO for Healthcare - Applications

• Key applications are:

• Volume and surface coil

antenna array design for

Magnetic Resonance Imaging

(MRI)

• Body mounted and implant

(pacemakers, neurostimulators,

etc.) telemetry and compatibility

with MRI systems

• RF and safety performance

including efficiency, gain,

averaged specific absorption

rate (SAR) and estimated link

budget

• System/device antenna

performance studies for patient

variation, for example, position,

posture, gender, age and height

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FEKO for Healthcare – Anatomical Models

full body model with 12 tissues and an average tetrahedral size of 8.3 mm

head model with 8 tissues and an average

tetrahedral size of 6.3 mm

10-15% 50% 90%

BMI Percentile

Boy (1yr)

50% BMIF

em

ale

Male

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FEKO for Healthcare – Birdcage with Anatomical Head: B1+ Field

The 7T birdcage head coil with head phantom showing B1+ field distribution, simulated with

hybrid MoM/FEM. The head phantom (provided by humanbodymodels.com, a Simpleware

product) has an average tetrahedral size of 6.3 mm.

0 0.5 uT

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FEKO for Healthcare – Antenna Design for Implanted Pacemaker

• Comparison of 2 different antenna designs at 2

different operating frequencies

• Design #1: monopole design at 900 MHz

• Design #2: PIFA design at 400 MHz offers

superior gain performance than design #1

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FEKO for Healthcare – Injectable Implant @ 2.45 GHz

• In [1] a design is proposed at the

ISM band (2.45 GHz)

• the diameter of the implant is

small enough that it can be

injected into the skin (without

surgery)

• Link budget requires antenna

gain GTX > -17dB for short range

communication < 20m

[1] Design of a Helical Folded Dipole Antenna for Biomedical Implants,

Mizuno, et al.; EUCAP 2011

Ø 1mm 17.7mm

glass insulation dual folded dipole, ends terminated with a short

fat (2mm)

muscle

(58mm)

-16.27 dB

peak gain

implant

location

at skin

muscle

boundary

skin (2mm)

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FEKO for Healthcare – Wearable Fitness Tracker

• With FEKO you can also simulate the near fields in and around the fitness trackers to better and further analyse aspects like the effect of the human body and the connectivity with the device with which the tracker is being synced

• Bluetooth Antenna Analysis with Tracker

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Thanks for listening…

For more information visit

www.altairhyperworks.com/feko

feko overview - altair university · feko for defense and aerospace –antenna coupling: co-site...

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