Federal SPCC vs State Storage Federal SPCC vs. State Storage Tank Environmental Regulations

Aisha BeatyyBarr Engineering Company

purpose

• most industrial facilities utilize storage tanks in some capacitycapacity

• Federal and State regulations may apply to each tank• regulations are vastly differentregulations are vastly different• permit holders cannot assume that compliance with one regulation applies to others

• regulations can be confusing, hard to find, and may not be included in facility permits

• compare the go erning bodies’ reg lations• compare the governing bodies’ regulations• identify key differences to help facilities achieve and document compliance with each regulationdocument compliance with each regulation

outline

• backgroundbackground• SPCC• MN AST• MN AST• MN UST

i f• comparison ofthe regulations

f l• useful resources• summary

background

• two governing bodies concerning storagetwo governing bodies concerning storage tanks in MinnesotaUSEPA Spill Prevention Control and–USEPA Spill Prevention, Control and Countermeasures (SPCC) regulationsMPCA R l i–MPCA Regulations• Above Ground Storage Tank (AST)• Underground Storage Tank (UST)

MPCA regulations

• facilities with one million gallons or morefacilities with one million gallons or more must obtain MPCA  storage tank permit (MN CH 7001)

• applies to all liquids, not just oil• Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs) =Aboveground Storage Tanks (ASTs)   Minnesota Rules, Chapter 7151, Statutes 116.47 and 116.48

• Underground Storage Tanks (USTs) = MN CH 7150

Federal SPCC (40 CFR part 112)

• purpose is to prevent oil discharges from pu pose s to p e e t o d sc a ges oreaching navigable waters or adjoining shorelines

• applies to any facility over capacity thresholdpp y y p y• any facility handling oil that could reasonably be expected to discharge oil into navigable water

• applies to tanks containing oil (petroleum or non)• requires a written SPCC Plan• MOST USTs fall under a separate regulation (40 CFR part 280) only requirement is to label on map

applicability

MPCA SPCCgeneral applica‐bility

owners and operators of ASTs and USTs storing liquids

any facility that stores oil products in tanks above the aggregate capacity threshold and has potential to discharge i t i bl tinto navigable waters

facility capacity 

none 1,320 gal in AST

thresholdcontainer capacity 

‐ AST less than 1,100 gal unless it is above 500 gal and 

55 gallons in AST

threshold within 500 feet of a Class 2 surface water‐ UST less than 110 gal

exampleexclusions

equipment or machinery including electrical equipment, indoor tanks

asphalt cement, wastewater tanks, milk product containers

please note:

assumptions:– at a facility with <1 million gallons–permanent outdoor tank–permanent outdoor tank –over 1,100 gallons – further than 500 feet from a class II water – contains a substance that requires registration by MPCA and compliance with the construction and work practice standards

tank registration/notification of changes

MPCA (statutes 116.47 and 116.48) SPCCASTs• register each tank containing petroleum, 

h d b t d h lt 500

noregistration 

hazardous substances, and asphalt over 500gallons (with exceptions) within 30 days

• update registration when tank status changes

or notification requiredupdate registration when tank status changes

USTs• register each tank over 110 gallons (with

required

exceptions) within 30 days• update registration when tank status changes• 10 day advanced notifications• 10‐day advanced notifications

reporting

MPCA SPCCMPCA SPCCreport discharges over 5 gallons immediately which,

• report discharges to navigable water within g y ,

if not recovered, could pollute waters of the state 

g60 days:o more than 1,000 gal

(statute 115.061) o more than two discharges each over 42 gallons in a 1242 gallons in a 12‐month period

labeling

MPCA SPCCMPCA SPCC• temporary tanks larger than 1,100 gal:

o “temporary storage”no requirements

p y go date storage began on site

• ASTs: o substance storedo substance storedo tank's capacityo a unique tank number

li f l di d l di• lines for loading and unloading• sign with facility contact information if the site is not manned 24/7

secondary containment

MPCA SPCCASTs• all ASTs must have secondary containment

• allows active OR passive containment

• must be able to contain 100%containment• substances sharing containment must be 

• must be able to contain 100% capacity of largest tank in containment plus freeboard 

compatible• must be able to contain 100% 

it f l t t k i

pfor precipitation

• oil‐filled operational i tcapacity of largest tank in 

containment plus 10% where exposed to precipitation

equipment may use monitoring  instead

• locate portable containers to p p pUSTs ‐ reinforced double‐walled tank and piping

pprevent a discharge

overfill protection

MPCA SPCCASTs which are filled by >55 gal at a time must have one:• high level alarm

provide at least one of the following:• high level alarm• high‐level alarm

• automatic shutoff• sight glass or gauge

• high level alarm• automatic shutoff• direct vision gaugesg g g g

• manual dip stickdouble walled tanks which are 

t l t d i d

g g

regularly test liquid level i d i tnot located in secondary 

containment must have high‐level or auto shutoff

sensing devices to ensure proper operation

USTs – ensure that releases due to overfilling do not occur

regularly check interstitial space on double‐walled tanks

recordkeeping

MPCA SPCClife of system three yearse o syste• maintenance and repair documents• third‐party certifications• drawings

three years• inspection

records• drawings• tank and containment design• soil classification used in secondary containment• permeability tests• hydraulic conductivity of soil• documents of corrosion protectionp• internal and external inspectionsthree years• service checks and equipment calibrations• service checks and equipment calibrations• records of periodic monitoring• compliance with out‐of‐service requirements

corrosion protection

MPCA SPCCASTs: protect floor of steel tanks buried pipingASTs: protect floor of steel tanks• elevate on supports• rest on cement• double walled

buried piping or tanks must have cathodic• double walled

• double bottomed with vacuum and cathodic protection• cathodically protect tank floor and have internal lining• install internal lining on tank floor and inspect

protection

• install internal lining on tank floor and inspectUSTs: metal tanks and piping without fiberglass reinforced plastic jacket• impressed current check rectifier every 60 days test• impressed current – check rectifier every 60 days, test 

annually• sacrificial anodes – test every 3 years

i t l li i i t ft 10 d 5• internal lining – inspect after 10 years and every 5 thereafter

inspections

MPCA SPCCMPCA SPCCASTs• every 72 hours – non‐double‐

• create an inspection and testing program y

walled tanks with inadequate secondary containment

g p gcertified by a professional engineer

• weekly – non‐double‐walled tanks with adequatesecondary containment

• inspections during transfers

• inspect secondarysecondary containment• monthly – all tanksUSTs ‐monitored every 30 days

• inspect secondary containment prior to dischargeUSTs  monitored every 30 days discharge

inspection iPad application

• shows all SPCC inspection sites on an interactive map

• fills out inspection form forfills out inspection form for each site electronically

• adds new sites/changed• adds new sites/changed information in real‐time

l t• populates spreadsheets/reports l t i llelectronically

other

• personnel training – SPCC requires annuallypersonnel training  SPCC requires annually• substance transfer areas – MPCA: provide for all tanks, substance transfer safeguards such as spilltanks, substance transfer safeguards such as spill boxes, remote fill boxes, or containment areas unless the tank is filled with a hand‐held nozzle, through a pipeline, or a barge. At least one person must be present to monitor transfer.

• tank car and tank truck loading/unloading rack –SPCC: design containment, prevent spills

commonly missed tanks

subject to MPCA? subject to SPCC?tote tanks no yesportable tanks yes yesoil tanks for elevator no yesoil tanks for elevatoroperations

no yes

gas tanks on a generator no yeselectrical equipment no yestank truck or railroad car yes 

(if in place for 30 days oryes 

(if only operates within(if in place for 30 days or more)

(if only operates within facility and is not DOT)

substance transfer areas yes yes

oil/water separators yes (but doesn’t require registration)

yes

useful resources

• MN Statutes: https://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us/statutes/// / /• MN Rules: https://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us/rules/

• Federal SPCC Rules: http://www.ecfr.gov• MN AST Website: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/waste‐MN AST Website: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/waste

and‐cleanup/waste‐management/tank‐compliance‐and‐assistance/aboveground‐storage‐tanks‐ast/aboveground‐storage‐tank‐ast‐systems htmlast systems.html

• MN UST Website: http://www.pca.state.mn.us/index.php/waste/waste‐and‐cleanup/waste‐management/tank‐compliance‐and‐

i t / d d t t k t/ d d t t kassistance/underground‐storage‐tanks‐ust/underground‐storage‐tank‐ust‐systems.html

• SPCC Guidance for Regional Inspectors: http://www.epa.gov/osweroe1/docs/oil/spcc/guidance

summary

The SPCC regulations and Minnesota’s AST andThe SPCC regulations and Minnesota s AST and UST regulations are vastly different, and permit holders cannot assume that compliance withholders cannot assume that compliance with one regulation applies to all others. Many of the Minnesota regulations can beMany of the Minnesota regulations can be confusing and are hidden in statutes or guidance documents and may not be included in facilitydocuments and may not be included in facility permits.B d li i h b hBe sure to document compliance with both.

questions?

contact information:contact information:

i hAisha BeatyBarr Engineering Co.(218) 529‐7130abeaty@barr comabeaty@barr.com