Federal Government Initiatives in Livestock and Dairy Development

(An Overview)

Qurban Ali DVM; PhD

Animal Husbandry Commissioner

Ministry of National Food Security & Research

A Very Warm

Welcome to

Conference Delegates

Pakistan

Total area = 803,940 km2

Total human population =180 Million

Arabian Sea

Afghanistan2430 km

India2912 km

China523 km

Iran909 km

• Livestock Sector Provides – net source of foreign earnings – a source of employment generation at rural level – helping to reduce income variability – only security on crop failure due to any reason– central to the livelihood of rural poor – can uplift the socioeconomic condition of rural

masses– a proved tool for poverty alleviation & economic

growth

WHY LIVESTOCK?

• Contributes 55.9% to the agriculture value added

• Share in National GDP is 11.5% of around 23% Agric GDP

• Share in Total Foreign Exchange Earnings is more than 8.5%

• Nearly 8 million families involved with 30-35% income

dependent on livestock production activities

• Value of livestock & its products is more than the combined

value of major and minor agricultural crops

• Provides raw material to multiple related industries

ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF LIVESTOCK SECTOR OF PAKISTAN (2013-14)

LIVESTOCK POPULATION 2013-14*Species 2011-12 2012-13 2013-14

Cattle 36.9 38.3 39.7Buffalo 32.7 33.7 34.6Sheep 28.4 28.8 29.1Goat 63.1 64.9 66.6Camels 1.0 1.0 1.0Horses 0.4 0.4 0.4Asses 4.8 4.9 4.9Mules 0.2 0.2 0.2*Estimated Figures based on inter census growth rate of Livestock Census 1996 & 2006

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION

• Gross Milk (Million Tons) 50.990• Red Meat (Million Tons) 1.887 Beef ;

0.657 Mutton• Total Red Meat 2.544 Million Tons

• Total Poultry (Million Nos.)• Day Old Chicks 786• Poultry Birds 855• Eggs 14,556• Poultry Meat (000 Tons) 987

Livestock Production Systems

• Large Ruminants– Subsistence small

holdings

– Small market oriented small holdings

– Rural commercial farms

– Urban/peri urban dairy farming

– Desert cattle farming

• Small Ruminants– Nomadic

– Transhumant

– Stationary

Dairy Cattle Dual Purpose

Draught Type

Buffaloes

Sahiwal Tharparker Bhagnari Nili-Ravi

Red Sindhi Kankrej Dajal Kundi

Cholistani Achai Dhanni Azakhali

X-breed Gabriali Lohani and Rojhan

CATTLE & BUFFALO BREEDS

PAKISTANI SHEEP

• Total Number of breeds =28 plusThin-tail = 21+, Fat-tail = 07

• Weight of adult male =35-45 kg

• Average dressed carcass = 45-55%• Average annual fleece weight =2-5 kg

• Mostly dual purpose (mutton+ carpet wool)

PAKISTANI GOATS

• Total number of breeds =25 plus• Average milk yield (milch type) =2-3 lit/day• Average milk yield (other) = < 1.3 lit/day• Weight of adult male = 25-45 kg• Average dressed carcass = 45-55%

• Milch type (Beetal, D.D.Panah, Kamori)• Mostly dual purpose (mutton & milk)

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

DAIRY ANIMALS

• Rural Subsistence Small Holdings (55-60%)

• Rural Market Oriented Small Holdings (20-25%)

• Rural Commercial Medium Size Farming (10-15%)

• Peri-urban Commercial Large Size Farming (6-8%)

LIVESTOCK PRODUCTION SYSTEMS

SHEEP & GOATS

1. Nomadic (30-40%)

2. Transhumant (35-45%)

3. Sedentary (10-15%)

4. Subsistence house holdings (5-20%)

Governance of Veterinary Service in Pakistan

Federal Government Policy, International and Provincial Coordination,

Quality Control, Research & Development in critical areas and Animal Quarantine, Import & Export; laying down standards

Provincial Governments (Punjab, Sindh, KPK, Balochistan, GB, AJK) Provincial policy, Livestock Development, Diagnostic

Laboratories/ Demonstration Farms, Breeding, Livestock Extension and Service delivery, related activities

District Governments Veterinary Hospitals and Dispensaries

Livestock Development Policy and Strategy

• The overall livestock development strategy revolves to foster "private sector-led development with public sector providing enabling environment through policy interventions and play capacity building role to improve livestock husbandry practices"

• The development strategy for livestock sector revolves on improving per unit animal productivity and moving from subsistence to market oriented and then commercial livestock farming in the country to meet the domestic demand and surplus for export

• The objective is to exploit potentials of our livestock sector and use it as engine for economic growth and food security for the country leading to rural population empowerment and rural socioeconomic development / uplift

Federal Government Initiatives• Livestock Wing with its redefined role continued regulatory

measures that included:– allowing import of high yielding dairy animals, exotic bovine

semen and embryos for crossbreeding; – allowing import of feed inputs at zero rates etc. – to reduce input costs; poultry feed production, certain feed

ingredients, growth promoters, vitamin premixes have been zero rated

– GOP levied 5 percent duty on import of calf milk replacer / cattle feed premix for the fiscal year 2014-15.

– Now calf milk replacer/cattle feed premix can be imported at subsidized rates. Duty free facility has been withdrawn.

– Duty free import of veterinary, dairy and livestock machinery / equipment have been allowed to encourage value addition

Federal Government Facilitation

• Export Facilitation– Live animals

• A total of 8,995 buffaloes / cattle and 4,880 sheep/goats were exported for meat purpose during July 2013 to September 30, 2013. (ECC of the Cabinet imposed ban on commercial export of live animals with effect from 1st October, 2013)

– Meat • 58,730 metric tons of meat and meat preparations

(2013-14) having value of US$ 177.5 million from 29 private sector slaughterhouses registered with the Animal Quarantine Department.

– Livestock by-products fetching US$ 50.0 million

Import Facilitation

• Import Regulation– Import of superior quality semen and high yielding exotic dairy cattle of

Holstein-Friesian & Jersey breeds for genetic improvement of indigenous dairy animals.

– During 2013-14, 646.8 thousand doses/straws of exotic semen and 7,596 exotic dairy cows were imported

– The exotic dairy cows added approximately 144 tones of milk per day in the commercial milk chain / system

• Facilitated dairy farmer, duty free import of calf milk replacer & cattle feed premix and Value addition – During 2013-14, 236.9 metric tons of calf milk replacer & 800.7 metric tons of

cattle feed premix was imported• Promotion of value added livestock processing industry in the country,

– duty free import of machinery for milk, beef, mutton & poultry processing was allowed

Import Export Regulation and International Collaboration

• Quarantine Services by AQD (2013-14)– 32,833 Health Certificates for export of live animals, mutton, beef, eggs

and other livestock products having value of US$ 389.0 million – AQD generated non-tax revenue of Rs. 45.23 million in 2012-13 as

certificate / laboratory examination fee of animal and animal products exported during the year

• Protocols, MOUs, Agreements , Memorandums of Cooperation • International Collaboration

– Office International Des Epizooties (OIE), Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), South Asian Association of Regional Cooperation (SAARC), Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO), Animal Production and Health Commission for Asia and the Pacific (APHCA), European Union (EU) and United States Department of Agriculture (USDA)

– implemented National Program to Control Foot & Mouth Disease (FMD) and Peste Des Petitis Ruminant (PPR)

Future Plans • Considering

– The population growth, urbanization, increases in per capita income and export opportunities fueling the demand of livestock and livestock products and challenges of meeting standards and export partner’s confidence.

• Resolving – Provincial Coordination for shifting from subsistence livestock farming to

market-oriented and commercial farming covering entire value chain – Coordination to promote value addition livestock industry,– Diversification of livestock products, entering into global Halal Food

Market– Controlling Trans-Boundary Animal Diseases of trade and economic

importance through provincial participation– Exploring new markets for export of by products and beef, mutton

poultry meat and processed products

– compilation of consensus on setting out future goals and expectations

– seeks revival of sustainable and inclusive growth, with

strengthening of the development foundation on indigenous conception and approach

– foresees to achieve international development goals

– aims at achieving the high level of human development with a high-income status

Vision 2025 Aims to Serve Four Functions

Pillar-I: Putting People First: Developing Human and Social Capital

Pillar- II: Achieving Sustained, Indigenous and Inclusive Growth

Pillar-III: Governance, Institutional Reform & Modernization of the Public Sector

Pillar-IV: Energy, Water & Food Security

Pillar-V: Private Sector-Led Growth and Entrepreneurship

Pillar-VI: Developing a Competitive Knowledge Economy through Value Addition

Pillar-VII : Modernization of transportation structure and greater regional connectivity

Vision 2025 - Seven Pillars

• Agents & Tools for Change– Technological Transformation– Trade Push– Attracting Investments

• Foundation for Change– Private Sector Entrepreneurship– Human & Social Capital– Good Governance & Institutions– Value added Productive Sectors– Modern Infrastructure– Energy, Water & Food Security– Sustainable, Inclusive Macro Policies

Vision 2025 Agents of Change & Foundation

• Sustained executive commitment & support• Resources• Macroeconomic stability• Private sector engagement, and • Radical improvement in productivity

Four Key Aspects For Successful Execution of Vision

• Sufficient, reliable, clean and cost-effective availability of energy, water and food – for now and the future – is indispensable to ensure sustainable economic growth and development

• These key sectors have suffered historically from severe

failings of policy and execution • Meeting this challenge has been further complicated by

the severe impact of climate change

Pillar-IV: Energy, Water & Food Security (i)

• A renewed national consensus exists to commit major new investment through unprecedented public and private sector collaboration to bridge very large gaps that threaten the wellbeing and progress of the country

• While investments to ensure the needed additional

supply are being made, the country is equally committed to creating and encouraging a culture of conservation and efficiency in the usage of energy and water

Pillar-IV: Energy, Water & Food Security (ii)

1. Protect the most food in-secure segments of the population through effective relief measures, including long term arrangements and adaptation mechanism

2. Create modern, efficient and diversified agriculture sector – aligned with associated water and energy infrastructure – that can ensure stable and adequate provision of the basic food supplies for the country’s population, and provide high quality products to its industries and export

Vision’s Objectives for Food Security

3. Optimize production and supply mix in line with current and projected needs by leveraging our unique strengths

4. Ensure that the entire supply-chain related to food security is geared towards provision of stable and affordable access to adequate, nutritious and safe food for healthy life

5. Use the resource base in an efficient and sustainable manner-with outcome-based benchmarks agreed in line with regional and global standards

Vision’s Objectives for Food Security

Purpose oriented BREEDs

GENETIC SELECTION

balanced FEEDING

TransboundaryAnimal Diseases• Economic Effects– Morbidity– Mortality– Reduced Production– Sanctions on Exports

ANIMAL HEALTH CARE

FMD

BIRD FLU PPR

ANIMAL HYGIENE & WASTE MANAGEMENT

PRODUCTS & PROCESSING

CHILLED CARCASS DAIRY PRODUCTS

MEAT PROCESSING POULTRY PROCESSING

MILK COLLECTION & SUPPLIES

TAKING MILK TO THE MILK COLLECTION CENTRES

COLLECTED MILK STORAGE , CHILLING & SUPPLIES

ANIMAL FATTENING FOR BEEF & MUTTON

CATTLE & BUFFALO FATTENING FOR BEEF

SHEEP & GOAT FATTENING FOR MUTTON

Milk producing groups - Working Mechanism

Better marketing - better price

Milk Collection Centre & Community Shop(Seed, Balanced RationMedicine etc.)

Local problems,

LocalSolutionThroughCapacityBuilding

MPG: Participatory SystemOrganized by Community,

more sustainable

COMMUNITY PARTICIPATION & MILK COLLECTION

Agriculture for Equitable Growth

• One $ generated through Agriculture is more effective in eradication of poverty than 2 – 3 $ earned from other sectors

• When the rural area’s income increases by 5% the income of urban areas automatically increased by 8%

World Bank Report on Agriculture 2008

Thank You