federal aviation administration data communications program presented to:acp wg-m by:gregg anderson...
TRANSCRIPT
Federal AviationAdministrationData Communications
Program
Presented to: ACP WG-M
By: Gregg AndersonUS Member for OPLINKP
Date: February 1-2, 2011
Program OverviewProgram Overview
Federal AviationAdministration
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History of FAA Continental Data Communications Initiatives
Mission Need Statement # 042 1991
JRC Original Program Decision 1998– CPDLC Build I, IA, II, III
IOC Miami ARTCC 10/02– CPDLC Build I
AMS Investment Analysis Build IA 04/04– Terminate CPDLC Program– ZMA Build I Shut Down 10/04
Investment Analysis Readiness Decision 09/06 – New Data Comm Program
Initial Investment Decision 07/08– Provide entry into Final Investment Analysis
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ARTCCs
TRACONs
TOWER
User Flight OperationsControl
VDL-2Network
ATCSCC
WX Reroutes
Tailored Arrivals / CDAs
VDL-2
Trajectory Based OperationsHigh Performance Airspace
Time Based Metering
Fix
Clearances
TOWERS
ARTCCSTRACONS
Taxi Instructions
Digital ATIS Departure Clearance
Global Harmonization, Enhanced Safety, Increased Capacity
Pilot Downlink
FAA Data Comm CONOPS
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What is Data Comm?
• It is a portfolio consisting of:– Automation Platforms
• Tower, TRACON, En Route, Oceanic
– Network• VDL-2 & potentially VDL-0 for DCL• SATCOM
– Avionics• FANS/ATN• VDL-2 & potentially VDL-0 for DCL• SATCOM
– Services• Traffic flow management• Flight crew requests/reports• High availability, guaranteed delivery and low latency times • Data exchange for Safety Critical Air Traffic Control (ATC) clearances and
instructions
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What will Data Comm do?• Safety
• Eliminate read back / hear back errors• Reduce occurrences of pilot deviations• Improve human efficiency
• Fuel• Reduce flight times, miles flown and carbon
emissions• Optimized profiles in all phases of flight
e.g.OPD’s
• Schedule• Improve integrity of flight segments• Quicker recovery from disrupted operations
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Timeline – Segment 1
InvestmentAnalysis
ReadinessDecision
(2006)
InitialInvestmentDecision(2008)
Final Investment DecisionAir Ground Network & Tower Automation
(2011)
Request for Proposal Release (2011) Final Investment
Decision forEn Route (2012)
Tower Initial Site
(2014)
EnRoute
Initial Site (2017)
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InvestmentAnalysis
ReadinessDecision
(2006)
InitialInvestmentDecision(2008)
Final Investment DecisionSegment 2En Route and Approach Control (2018)
Segment 2 En Route and
Approach Control Implementation
(2022)
Timeline – Segment 2
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Data Comm Capabilities – Globally Harmonized 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030
• Revised Departure Clearances
• Widespread Delegated Separation using ADS-B Interval Management
• Widespread 4-D Agreements
Red = Terminal Function Black = En Route Function Purple = Cross Domain Function
Operational Capabilities
DC In Tower DC In En RouteDC In TRACON / Upgrade En Route
• Conformance Management
• Initial Trajectory Based Ops
• Operational Terminal Info Service• NAS Status / Delays / Constraints /
Sequencing & Hazardous WX
• TRACON Data Comm Including Routine Clearances, Comm Mgmt, & Optimized Descents
• Optimized Descent (TAP/CDA) Validations
• Clearances• Comm Mgmt• TFM Reroutes
NextGen Equipage Rule???
Existing Aircraft Capabilities (FANS 1/A+ over VDL-2)
214/78 EquipageAvionics Available
Aircraft Equipage
Avionics Standards
Segment 1 Segment 2
• D-TAXI Out• D-ATIS
• Conformance Management• Complex Clearances
• Widespread M&S / C&P / ITP / PAIRAPP
• Widespread 4-D Agreements
4DLINK / SESAR
A/C Forward Fit Rule
A/C Retrofit Rule /All Europe Ground Systems
• Taxi-Out & In; Terminal Info
European Deployment
• Comm Mgmt• ATC Microphone Check
LINK 2K+ SESAR
• TAP/CDA’s
Implementation Package 1
• Initial TAP/CDA’s
Implementation Package 3Implementation Package 2• En Route ATC Clearances
Core Europe Ground Systems
Segment 3???
• Validation & Trials
• D-TAXI In
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Why it makes sense to use FANS-1/A(+)
(Worldwide Coverage Area for Data Link Services ~2007)
FANS 1/AFANS 1/A
ATN w/FANS (2011)
FANS 1/A
ATN w/FANS
(2016)
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Data Comm Requires Significant User Investment
Automation, 2,517, 42%
User, 2,653, 44%
SubNet, 822, 14%
Segments 1 and 2Risk-Adjusted Then Year
Air-Ground Network12% Automation
43%
User (Equipage)
45%
• Costs through 2032• Includes development, installation, training, ops, maintenance, etc
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Data Comm Equipage Strategy
100%
Dat
a C
om
m E
qu
ipag
e
• Financial incentives– Offset equipage costs
• Operational incentives– Provide high benefit services– Service for equipage
• Regulatory Action– Combination of forward-fit,
retro-fit, and/or airspace actions– Aligned with NextGen
rulemaking strategy
Mandate only without incentives
Regulatory Action
Financial incentives
Operational incentives
• Users equip once for all segments• Ground system evolves
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CPDLC Provides Enhanced Communications in ALL domains• CPDLC Reduces
– Controller-Pilot Misunderstandings– Radio Operator and Controller-Pilot transcription errors– Confusion from non-standard phraseology– Radio Frequency congestion
• CPDLC Provides– Auto-loading of ATC clearances– Standardization of ATC messages across regions– Data formats for pilot down-links that can automatically be
integrated into ground automation systems – Increased efficiency w/beneficial results
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Emerging Services
• Tailored Arrivals– Optimized arrival profile up-linked to aircraft and loaded into
FMS
• Waypoint Management– Managed in-flight spacing using Data Comm for delivery of
control times at strategic points
• 4-D Trajectory Optimization– Enhancements to flight profiles are negotiated via CPDLC
• ADS-C Oceanic In-Trail Procedures– Separation down to 15NM for climb and descent through a
blocking aircraft, and
Federal AviationAdministration
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• FANS DCL Service 2014• ATN DCL Service 2017• DCL service consist of:
– Initial Departure Clearance– Revised Initial Departure Clearance– Revised Departure Clearance
• Departure Clearance Defined in SC-214/78http://www.faa.gov/about/office_org/headquarters_offices/ato/service_units/techops/atc_comms_services/sc214/current_docs/
• FAA Ops Spec A056 recently modified to authorize worldwide Data Communication capability (Continental & Remote airspace) according to your B50 areas of ops
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Departure Clearance - DCL
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Photo from Google Earth April 20, 2009
Revised Pre-departure Clearance Issued to Data Comm Aircraft First - Scenario
Non-DC aircraft await pre-departure
clearance via voice
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•Taxi Queue after Push-back
Revised Pre-departure Clearance Issued to Data Comm Aircraft First - Scenario
Non-DC aircraft still in Taxi Queue
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DCL Revised Departure Clearance Benefits
Minutes
Better performance in high traffic and adverse weather conditions
Projected Projected ~12,000~12,000minutesminutessaved saved
July 2009July 2009
Equipage Rates
30%
60%
100%
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FANS Logon
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DCL Loadable Clearance
•Page 1•Page 2
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User Benefits of Data Comm Summary
• Significant Reductions in Ground Delays
• Fuel Savings from TAPs, CDAs, and more efficient routes
• Increased Sector Throughput
• More Timely and Effective Clearances
• More Time to Think and Select Appropriate Actions
• More Orderly Work SituationDuring Traffic Rushes
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Data Communications Implementation Team (DCIT)
DRAFT Terms Of ReferenceBackground:• The Data Communications Implementation Team (DCIT) is an environment
for participants to perform advocacy and outreach activities on behalf of the NextGen Data Communications Program. Team members will be able to participate in forums related to integration of ground automation, communication networks, and avionics systems design and certification as well as Data Communication procedures which will enable users to have a stake in the success of the Data Communication Program. Participants include, but are not limited to airframe and avionics manufacturers, FAA, National Airspace System (NAS) users, and related industry associations and business groups.
Authority and Administration:• Using the DCIT as the umbrella organization, co-chairs from the FAA and
Stakeholders will be selected as the Technical and Operational authorities for the integration of Data Communications into NAS operations. Technical and administrative support will be needed and should be provided by the relative participants as required. Issues or information of a proprietary nature will be handled by Non-Disclosure Agreements signed by relevant participants.
Federal AviationAdministration
Data Communications ProgramICAO ACP WG-M 2-1-11
Mission:• Provide a forum to advance FAA NextGen Data Communications in the NAS
and bring forward guiding principles from the Task Force 5 recommendations which include:– 4.6.1.3.1 Digital ATC-Aircraft Communications for Revised Departure
Clearances, Reroutes, and Routine Communications (Operational Capabilities 16, 17, 39, 42a, 44)
– The Task Force recommends implementation of this initial set of operational capabilities enabled by Data Comm for aircraft equipped with either FANS 1/A+ or ATN Baseline 1. Specifically, the services described in capabilities 16, 17, 39, 42, and 44 should be provided to those aircraft equipped with Future Air Navigation Services (FANS) 1/A+ compliant with RTCA DO-290/2 and DO-258A, conducted over VDL Mode-2 (TSO-C160 ) using the ATC facility notification and controller-pilot data link communication (CPDLC) applications.
• From the FAA NextGen Web site, Data Communications:– “Advances in data communications between ground and airborne systems
are envisioned to increase sector-based traffic capacity allowing greater user access and more efficient flight routing”.
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DCIT Draft (con’t)
Federal AviationAdministration
Data Communications ProgramICAO ACP WG-M 2-1-11
Participation: • Participation is limited to implementers of Data Communications Air Traffic
Services in the NAS by authorization of the FAA Program Office. This would include the following major categories and their essential support:– Operators– Communication Service Providers– Avionics and aircraft manufacturers– FAA Air Traffic Organization – FAA AVS (AFS/AIR)
• Form of commitment for major stakeholders will be by letter to the Co-Chairs, endorsed by the FAA Program Office and the DCIT.
Place and Timing of Meetings:• The DCIT will meet regularly at the FAA Program Office or other location as
mutually agreed upon. It is expected that the DCIT will meet jointly with Data Communications implementers from other worldwide regions on an as needed basis.
DCIT Draft (con’t)
Federal AviationAdministration
Data Communications ProgramICAO ACP WG-M 2-1-11
Tasks:• Assist in developing appropriate Roadmap and Transition plans.• Carry-on the activities essential to success in integrating the Data
Communications segments.• Supervise the integration of committed Stakeholders into the Data
Communications operational environment.• Provide a focus for the integrated planning and test schedules of the
stakeholders.• Analyze problems reported by participating members and performance metrics
of the end-to-end system as prescribed in applicable Data Communications and standards documents.
• Provide a mechanism for resolution of technical and operational problems through the various standards bodies such as the Data Link User Forum and RTCA.
• Serve as the Configuration Control Function for Data Communications Baseline Reports, as required, to the FAA Program Office and Air Transport Association.
• Address Certification and Approval issues as required.• Address Human Factors issues as required.• Advise the FAA Data Communications Program Manager and related FAA
Program Managers on operational and technical issues.• Coordinate with other similar regional integration teams, e. g. LINK 2000+
Integration Team, (LIT) and FANS Interoperability Team (FIT) as required.
DCIT Draft (con’t)
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Issues• Airspace users will not voluntarily equip
– Required ROI does not support timely user investment– Economic climate not conducive to airspace user investment – Agency needs to provide incentives and mandate to lead airspace
users to NextGen
• Industry wary of FAA commitment to Data Comm and NextGen– Completing the NextGen Integrated Concept Of Use and Equipage
Strategy will reduce industry risk
• Alignment of decision support tools with Data Comm schedule – ERAM, Automation, etc.
• Technical and Operational Issues concerning Airborne and Ground systems can not be solved without user participation and implementation – We need your help!
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Summary• Several RFC’s have been solicited in the last year
– Dedicated ATS Network and Repurposing of Aircraft Radio’s, which
– Helped refine our requirements & ready us for the final SIR
• Data Comm is a key enabler for the NextGen TBO portfolio
• The Data Comm operational concept was developed to enable TBO
• Coordinated implementation plans are required– Aligned with Automation Roadmap, TBO portfolio, NextGen
Implementation Plan and “Global Implementation Plan”– Coordinated w/Users investment plans
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Meeting the Challenge
Industry
Coordinating with FAA organizations
Collaborating with aviation community
RTCA Industry forums
Harmonizing with Europeans on standards & operations
Coordination is Key to Data Comm’s SuccessCoordination is Key to Data Comm’s Success
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How We Want to Fly!!!How We Want to Fly!!!How We Need to Fly!!!How We Need to Fly!!!
Data Comm – moving traffic with the speed of informationData Comm – moving traffic with the speed of information
Federal AviationAdministration
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Questions ?