feature modeling for adaptive computing by tao xiaoming jiang

8/3/2019 Feature Modeling For Adaptive Computing By Tao Xiaoming Jiang

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Tdahhb hf @gsak`gsldt gic T|tsk`t Kijlikkulij

Uk}hust fuh` @TL - Ug}}husku fui @TL

Fkgs{uk @hckblij Fhu Gcg}slvkDh`}{slij

Eh SghQlgh`lij Olgij

O{i5==1

@TL Uk}hus =1=6=Vqo [ilvkutls| LTTI 76;=-563:TK-4;7


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l


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Gdnihzbkcj`kis

Fluts hf gbb" zk zgis sh sagin h{u ah`k {ilvkutls|? Z{agi [ilvkutls| hf Skdaihbhj|gic Vqo [ilvkutls|" zlsah{s saklu gjukk`kis" zk dh{bc ihs agvk sak dagidk sh ts{c|

gs Vqo [ilvkutls| gic flilta h{u saktlt) Zk zh{bc gbth blnk sh sagin h{u fg`lblkt fhu

saklu t{}}hust)

Zk gbth zgis sh kq}uktt h{u jugsls{ck sh h{u t{}kuvlthu" Okt}ku Gickutthi"

zlsah{s alt alist gic t{jjktslhit zk dh{bcis flilta salt saktlt hi sl`k)

Zk zh{bc gbth blnk sh sagin h{u saktlt dhhucligshu" @gsalgt Akckiehuj fhu alt

akb} hi ahz sh zulsk g saktlt uk}hus)

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Getsugds

Salt uk}hus }uktkist sak ukt{bst hf g saktlt }uhokds sags t{uvk|t gic cktljit geh{s sak

ltt{k Fkgs{uk @hckb fhu Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij) Li salt }uhokds" sakuk guk szh `gli

ltt{kt" fluts hik lt geh{s sak Fkgs{uk @hckblij" gic sak tkdhic lt ahz sh {tk saltFkgs{uk @hckblij fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

Li salt saktlt uk}hus" gs sak ekjliilij" zk }uktkis sak }uhebk` zk kq}kdskc sh

thbvk gic lisuhc{dk th`k egdnjuh{ic lifhu`gslhi" lidb{clij sak nihzbkcjk hf

fkgs{uk `hckb gic gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Saki zk kq}bgli h{u thb{slhi gic kvgb{gsk salt

thb{slhi) Gs sak kic hf salt uk}hus" zk jlvk g tahus dhidb{tlhi geh{s h{u saktlt }uhokds

gic fkgs{uk zhun)

Nk|-zhuct? Fkgs{uk @hckb" @hckb Culvki Gudalskds{uk" Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij"

Thfszguk ]uhc{ds Blikt" CTB" Ogvg Ukfbkdslhi)

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Dhiskist

7) Lisuhc{dslhi )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 77)7 ]uhebk` cltd{ttlhi )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7

7)5 ]uhebk` Tsgsk`kis )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5

7)4 @ksahc ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 4

7)4)7 Cktlji tsugskj|)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 4

7)4)5 Kvgb{gslhi tsugskj|))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 4

7)3 Uktsuldslhit )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ;

7); Tsu{ds{uk hf sak saktlt ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) ;

5) Ukbgskc Zhun )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

5)7 Sakhuksldgb fug`kzhun ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6

5)7)7 Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 65)7)5 Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij e{lbclij ebhdnt ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) :

5)7)4 Fkgs{uk `hckblij )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 1

5)7)3 G}}bldgslhi hf fkgs{uk `hckb )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7=

5)7); Ch`gli-T}kdlfld Bgij{gjk !CTB, ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 77

5)7)6 Ck}bh|`kist t|tsk` ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 77

5)5 L`}bk`kisgslhi skdaihbhjlkt ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 75

5)5)7 [@B dbgtt `hckblij ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 75

5)5)5 Q@B )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 73

5)5)4 Q]gsa))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 73

5)4)3 Ogvg Ukfbkdslhi G]L))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 76

4) Fkgs{uk `hckbt fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7


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v

;)5 F{s{uk zhun )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 3;

Eleblhjug}a| )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 3:


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Blts hf Flj{ukt

Flj{uk 5)=)7? Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij }uhdktt )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 6Flj{uk 5)=)5? G fkgs{uk `hckb kqg`}bk )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))


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Blts hf Sgebkt

Sgebk 7)=)7? Kvgb{gslhi Fhu` )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 3sgebk 7)=)5? Kvgb{gslhi Fhu` 5 )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 3

Sgebk 5)=)7? Th`k dh``hi Q]gsa kq}ukttlhit ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7;

Sgebk =)5 Dbgtt heokds dukgslij `ksahct)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 7:

Sgebk 4)=)7? Sgebk hf Kffkdst )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 54

Sgebk 4)=)5? Sgebk hf Ckdhcku )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 54

Sgebk 4)=)4? Sgebk hf Tsukg` Ckdhcku)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 54

Sgebk 4)=)3? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki egiczlcsa" Ckdhckut & Kffkdst )) 53

Sgebk 4)=);? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki @kclg fhu`gs" Ckdhckut & Kffkdst

)))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 53

Sgebk 4)=)6? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} Ckdhckut & Kffkds ))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5;Sgebk 4)=):? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} T-Ckdhcku & Kffkdst )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 5;

Sgebk 4)=)1? Egiczlcsa gic Tsukg`lij ckdhcku )))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))))) 56

Sgebk 4)=)


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7) Lisuhc{dslhi

Sak ckvkbh}lij hf thfszguk lt g }uhdktt gigb|lij sak ukw{luk`kist gic cktljilij g

thb{slhi fhu saktk ukw{luk`kist) Cktljiku cktljit sak thfszguk gddhuclij sh sak kqgdsukw{luk`kis) Li `hckui thfszguk lic{tsu|" th`k }gust hf g thfszguk `{ts ek uk{tgebk

gic kqskicgebk li hucku sh ukc{dk sak dhts hf ckvkbh}lij thfszguk) Ahzkvku" sakuk lt g

ultn sags lt g vgulks| hf clffkukis ukw{luk`kist) Sak fkgs{uk ukw{luk`kis hf g thfszguk

lt {inihzi" gddhuclijb| sak ultn lt alja sh ckvkbh} g l`}uh}ku thfszguk) Akidk"

Ch`gli Gigb|tlt zlbb ek akb}f{b sh thbvk salt }uhebk`)

Sak ukw{luk`kist" sak t|tsk` ukth{udk gic gvglbgebk ukth{udk guk dagijlij gbb sak

sl`k zlsali g u{isl`k gic sak ck`gic lt dagijlij gbb sak sl`k) Sakukfhuk" sakuk tah{bc

ek g zg| sh `gnk dkusgli gco{ts`kis sh gdalkvk g egbgidk li dkusgli bkvkb) Sak thb{slhi

fhu alsslij sak egbgidk ekszkki ukw{luk`kis gic ukth{udk lt %Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij%)Hevlh{tb| zaki ukw{luk`kis gic ukth{udk dh`elik li dkusgli zg|" sak zahbk t|tsk`

zlbb jks g }hlis zalda sak }kufhu`gidk lt `gql`gb) Gic sak saki sak w{ktslhi lt dh`lij

ahz sh gdalkvk gcg}sgslhi" sh gdalkvk gcg}sgslhi" sak }ukt{}}htlslhi lt sags sakuk tah{bc

ek g vgulgelbls| `hckb) Li sags dgtk" c|ig`ld gcg}sgslhi dgi ek gdalkvkc)

Salt }uhokds lt geh{s fkgs{uk `hckblij fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Li salt }uhokds" sak

gl` lt sh livktsljgsk kqltslij fkgs{uk `hckblij ihsgslhi gic cktlji g fhu`gb fkgs{uk

`hckb fhu gcg}slvk thfszguk t|tsk`t) @hukhvku" zk ikkc sh cktlji g Ch`gli-T}kdlfld

Bgij{gjk !CTB, sh kq}uktt Fkgs{uk @hckb) Salt fkgs{uk `hckb dhisglit sak

lifhu`gslhi zalda zlbb ek {tkc fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Fhu thfszguk hu g t|tsk`" sak

gelbls| hf gcg}slvk dh`}{slij lt ukdhiflj{ugslhi) Salt ukdhiflj{ugslhi zlbb bkgc sh sakcktljikc }kufhu`gidk hu gl`" hu tl`}b| tg|lij ls dgi tkbf-l`}uhvk)

Fkgs{uk @hckb" Jkikugbb| t}kgnlij ls lt g zg| sags kq}ukttkt ukw{luk`kist gic

ck`gic li sak bkvkb hf getsugdslhi) Ls jkikugbb| cktdulekt sak vgulgebkt gic }uh}kuslkt

gic ls ckulvk dhiflj{ugslhit hf thfszguk t|tsk`) Lf ukw{luk`kist gic thb{slhit guk

lthbgskc ltbgic" saki Fkgs{uk @hckb dgi ek eulcjk zalda dhiikdskc saktk ltbgict

shjksaku) Ls*t g zg| sh dhiikds sak`) Zlsa gi kqgdsb| }ukdltk ckflilslhi hf fkgs{ukt" sakuk

dgi ek g `huk uhe{ts `hckb) Ekdg{tk }ukdltk fkgs{ukt }uhvlck g `huk }ukdltk

cktdul}slhi hf sak ukbgslhit ekszkki sak kbk`kist li sak `hckb" sags lt vku| {tkf{b

lifhu`gslhi fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

7)7 ]uhebk` cltd{ttlhi

Li salt }uhokds zk zlbb livktsljgsk tkvkugb }ulidl}gb ltt{kt) Sh flic g jkikuld thb{slhi sh

saktk ltt{kt" zk }bgi sh ts{c| tkvkugb t}kdlfld litsgidkt) E| gigb|lij saktk t}kdlgb

dgtkt" zk `g| ek gebk sh jkikugblk) Sakukfhuk sak kqg`}bkt {tkc li salt saktlt }uhokds

guk vku| l`}husgis)

@hukhvku" gcg}slvk dh`}{slij lt sak nk| }hlis hf salt }uhokds) Sak fkgs{uk `hckb

tah{bc ek gebk sh c|ig`ld gcg}s sh `kks sak dagijkc ukw{luk`kis) Sak ukw{luk`kis

lidb{ckt t}gdk" t}kkc" sl`k gic th fhusa) Zaki sh `gnk salt uk-dhiflj{ugslhi8 Ahz sh`gnk salt uk-dhiflj{ugslhi8 Zags sh ch zlsa salt uk-dhiflj{ugslhi8 Sags*t sak

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lifhu`gslhi sh lidb{ck li fkgs{uk `hckb sh gdalkvk gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

Fkgs{uk `hckbt guk fukw{kisb| {tkc li ch`gli gigb|tlt fhu cktdulelij dh``hi

gic clffkukis ukw{luk`kist fhu thfszguk t|tsk`t gt litsgidkt hf g }uhc{ds blik ^73P)

Fkgs{uk `hckbt cktdulek }uh}kuslkt cltslij{ltalij dh``hi gic vgulgebk ukw{luk`kist

li tkvkugb tl`lbgu }uhc{dst hu thfszguk t|tsk`t) Sak| tsu{ds{uk ukw{luk`kist e|jkikugbllij sak` sh dhidk}st) Sak `hckbt tah{bc eulcjk sak jg} ekszkki ukw{luk`kist

gic sak thb{slhi) Sak| }uhvlck g vku| fbkqlebk `kgit hf cktdul}slhi) Kvku| fkgs{uk

dhvkut g tks hf ukw{luk`kist)

Ch`gli-T}kdlfld guk {tkc sh kq}uktt sak fkgs{uk `hckb) Lst gi l`}husgis }gus hf

salt }uhokds" ekdg{tk ls dhiikdst sak fkgs{uk `hckb gic sak }uhjug`) Sak }uhjug` ikkc

sh jks sak gcg}slvk-dhhucligslhi lifhu`gslhi" gic ls lt t}kdlflkc li sags bgij{gjk) Zlsa

salt lifhu`gslhi" sak }uhjug` dgi `gnk sak uljas dhiflj{ugslhi hu uk-dhiflj{ugslhi gic

gcg}s sh dagijkt li lst kqkd{slhi kivluhi`kis" fhu litsgidk egbgidk bhgc sh f{bflbb g

}kufhu`gidk ukw{luk`kis)

Gcg}slvk g}}bldgslhit guk gebk sh gcg}s saklu }uh}kuslkt gic ukth{udk ukw{luk`kistgs u{isl`k li ukt}hitk sh c|ig`ldgbb| vgu|lij {tku ikkct gic ukth{udk dhitsuglist)

Tlidk saktk }uh}kuslkt vgu| gs u{isl`k" sakuk tah{bc ek g thb{slhi sh flic sak egbgidk

ekszkki sak ikkct gic gvglbgebk ukth{udkt) Gddhuclijb|" sak g}}uhgda lt sh e{lbc gi

gcg}slvk t|tsk`) Gcg}sgslhi dgi ek gdalkvkc e| ukdhiflj{ulij sak gvglbgebk

dh`}hikist hu sak dh`}hikis dh`}htlslhi) Fhu kqg`}bk" g zkgsaku fhukdgts t|tsk`" ls

zlbb ukw{luk a{jk dgbd{bgslhi zhun) Dhitkw{kisb|" ls zlbb ek vku| ikdkttgu| sh gcg}slvk

sak gbjhulsa` fhu dgbd{bgslhi gs u{isl`k sh tgvk sl`k) Zk ikkc sh flic sak egbgidk

ekszkki sl`k gic vkugdls|)

Sak fluts ltt{k hf salt }uhokds zlbb ek sak cktlji hf g t{lsgebk Fkgs{uk @hckb" gfsku

sags sak tkdhic ltt{k hf salt }uhokds lt sh {tk g CTB sh kq}uktt sak Fkgs{uk @hckb li g

t{lsgebk zg|)

7)5]uhebk` Tsgsk`kis[tlij g fkgs{uk `hckb sh g}}uhgda gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" fluts gic fhuk`hts sakuk tah{bc

ek g zkbb cktljikc fkgs{uk hckb sh gnk t{uk zags zlbb ek e{lbs lt gebk sh gcg}slvk) Sak

thb{slhi hf salt fkgs{uk `hckb tah{bc ek g {ilvkutgb thb{slhi" zalda `kgit sags ls tah{bc

ek uhe{ts" gcg}sgebk gic gvglbgebk)

Sak `gli ltt{kt fhu salt }uhokds zk zhunkc hi guk?7) Ahz sh }uhvlck lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak dhiflj{ugslhi zlsali sak Fkgs{uk

@hckb fhu Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij8

5) Cktlji g Ch`gli T}kdlfld Bgij{gjk !CTB, zalda lt {tkc sh kq}uktt

c|ig`ld gcg}sgslhit sh sak fkgs{uk `hckb)

Gcg}slvk g}}bldgslhit ukw{luk lifhu`gslhi geh{s dhiflj{ugslhi gs u{isl`k)

Dhitkw{kisb|" sak sgtn lt sh livktsljgsk kqltslij `hckbt fhu fhu`gb fkgs{uk `hckblij)

Gic saki ckvkbh} g zg| sh }uhvlck ikdkttgu| dhiflj{ugslhi lifhu`gslhi zlsali sak

Fkgs{uk @hckb) Sh ckvkbh} g zg| sh }uhvlck ikdkttgu| dhiflj{ugslhi lifhu`gslhi

`kgit sh kqskic sak fhu`gb Fkgs{uk @hckb) Kqskic hi salt sakhu| gic cktlji g fhu`gb

fkgs{uk `hckb sags `g| ek {tkc sh kq}uktt c|ig`ld gcg}sgslhit sh sak fkgs{uk `hckb)

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Dhitkw{kisb|" salt saktlt zlbb livktsljgsk? Ahz sh kqskic sak Fkgs{uk @hckb sh

}uhvlck ikdkttgu| dhiflj{ugslhi lifhu`gslhi fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

7)4 @ksahc

Ekdg{tk sakuk guk saukk tsk}t li salt }uhokds" fluts sh cktlji sak Fkgs{uk @hckb fhu

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" tkdhic sh cktlji sak t{lsgebk CTB sh kq}uktt salt Fkgs{uk @hckb

gic sak bgts tsk} lt kvgb{gslhi) Sak tsugskj| lt sh flic kqg`}bkt hf t`gbb gcg}slvk

dh`}{slij t|tsk`t" gic saki gigb|k sak ukw{luk`kis fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij gic

zags lt ikkckc sh kq}uktt sak tsu{ds{uk gic lifhu`gslhi li g fkgs{uk `hckb {tlij saktk

t{eokds t|tsk`t gt g tsguslij }hlis)

Sakukfhuk" sak `ksahc lt Cktlji fuh` kqg`}bkt gic l`}uhvk sak thb{slhi {islb ls

}uhvlckt kvku|salij ukw{lukc sh tgsltf| sak kqg`}bk t|tsk`t)

7)4)7 Cktlji tsugskj|

H{u zhun lt egtkc hi Fkgs{uk `hckblij gic Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Th fluts zk e{lbc g

`hckb fhu fkgs{uk sukkt) Saki zk livktsljgsk kqltslij `hckbt gic cugz saklu fkgs{uk

sukkt gddhuclij sh sak `hckb) Zk tkbkds hik hf saktk `hckbt zalda agvk c|ig`ld

gcg}sgslhit" gic ls lt gbth fls sh h{u bgsku zhun) Gfsku sags zk tsgus sh gigb|tlt sak `hckb

zk dahtk gic ckvkbh} g bgij{gjk e| zalda zk `g| gddktt gic `hclf| fkgs{uk `hckbt

hf sak fkgs{uk `hckb gs u{i-sl`k) E| zhunlij gs salt t}kdlfld kqg`}bk" zk t{``gulk g

dhidb{tlhi" gic saki jkikugblk ls sh`gnk ls g}}bldgebk sh vgulh{t kislslkt)

Sak tsugskj| hf cktljilij sak CTB" fluts dhitlckulij zags nlic hf lifhu`gslhi

tah{bc ek dhisgli li salt CTB" tkdhic salinlij geh{s zags skdaihbhj| zlbb ek {tkc lisak }uhjug` zalda lt ukbgskc sh CTB" `hukhvku sak `hts l`}husgis tsugskj| lt sh nkk}

l`}uhvlij sak sakhu| e| ts{c|lij tkvkugb kqg`}bk)

7)4)5 Kvgb{gslhi tsugskj|

Sh kvgb{gsk sak zhun" sak zhun tah{bc f{bflbb gbb ukw{luk`kist hi g sakhuksldgb bkvkb) Li

sak tkdhic tsk} hf sak }uhokds zk zlbb ckvkbh} tkvkugb l`}bk`kisgslhit sags {tk sak

thb{slhi sh gdalkvk gcg}slvkiktt li sak thfszguk) Sak fluts }gus zlbb ek dhitlckukc g

t{ddktt" lf sak thb{slhi zhunt li sakhu|) Fhu sak tkdhic }gus" sak dulskulhi fhu t{ddktt lt

sh ck`hitsugsk sags sak thb{slhi zhunt li gi l`}bk`kisgslhi) T{ddkttf{b gdalkvk`kist

gs sak sakhuksldgb bkvkb gic sak l`}bk`kisgslhi bkvkb" lt g thblc tks hf guj{`kis fhu

dhitlckulij sak }uhokds g t{ddktt)

Ekbhz zk tahz gi kvgb{gslhi fhu` sags lidb{ckt ukbkvgis lifhu`gslhi fhu

kvgb{gslhi gdslvlslkt)

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Lifhu`gslhi s|}k Thb{slhi

T|tsk` d{uukis tsgsk -

Ukth{udk dhiclslhi -

Dh`}hikist dhèligslhi lifhu`gslhi -

Dh`}hikist uktsuldslhi lifhu`gslhi -]gug`ksku vgb{k -

]ulhuls| fhu dhèligslhi -

Tkw{kidk fhu dhèligslhi -

Sgebk 7)=)7? Kvgb{gslhi Fhu`

T|tsk` d{uukis tsgsk? Lidb{clij Aguczguk tsgsk lifhu`gslhi" gvglbgebk ukth{udkt

lifhu`gslhi gic u{isl`k tsgsk lifhu`gslhi ksd)

Ukth{udk dhiclslhi? sak tsgsk hf ukth{udk" gvglbgebk hu ihs gic ahz `{da ukth{udk lt

gvglbgebk)

Dh`}hikist dhèligslhi lifhu`gslhi? Lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak dhèligslhi g`hij

dh`}hikist)

Dh`}hikist uktsuldslhi lifhu`gslhi? Lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak bl`lsgslhi hf

dh`}hikist" t{da gt li g dkusgli dhiclslhi zalda dh`}hikis dgi ek {tkc)

]gug`ksku vgb{k? Sak vgb{k hf }gug`ksku)

]ulhuls| fhu dhèligslhi? Lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak }ulhuls| hf dh`}hikis)

Tkw{kidk fhu dhèligslhi? Lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak tkw{kidk hf sak dhèligslhi)

F{usaku`huk" sakuk gbth th`ksalij sags zh{bc ek dhitlckukc lish sak kvgb{gslhi?

Kffldlkid|

Uhe{tsiktt

Jkikugbls|Tlidk sak tkdhic tsk} hf salt }uhokds" ls lt sh kq}uktt sak Fkgs{uk @hckb li g

Ch`gli-T}kdlfld Bgij{gjk !CTB,> sakukfhuk ls lt gbth ikdkttgu| sh jlvk gi kvgb{gslhi

fhu salt CTB)

CTB f{idslhi Thb{slhi

Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk -

%GIC% Ukbgslhi -

%HU% Ukbgslhi -

%00% Dh`}gulthi -

%90% Dh`}gulthi -

%20% Dh`}gulthi -

%9% Dh`}gulthi -

%2% Dh`}gulthi -

%'0% Dh`}gulthi -

C|ig`ld f{idslhi dgbb -

Ihsgslhi -

L`}hus flbk -

sgebk 7)=)5?Kvgb{gslhi Fhu` 5

3


13/56

;

7)3 Uktsuldslhit

Salt zhun lt `glib| sakhuksldgb) Sak fhd{t lt hi ckvkbh}lij g ihsgslhi fhu kq}ukttlij

t{ffldlkis lifhu`gslhi fhu sak liskjugskc gcg}slvkiktt li gi gcg}slvk thfszguk }gdngjk)

Th`k l`}bk`kisgslhi zhun zlbb ek dguulkc h{s e{s kt}kdlgbb| ck`hitsugshut {tkc li

kvgb{gslhi guk tnksda| gic ch ihs f{bb| l`}bk`kis sak g}}bldgslhit cktdulekc)

7); Tsu{ds{uk hf sak saktlt

Dag}sku 5 jlvkt gi hvkuvlkz geh{s sak sakhu| gic egdnjuh{ic lifhu`gslhi sags guk {tkc

li salt saktlt" akuk zk kq}bgli zags g fkgs{uk `hckb gic gcg}slvk dh`}{slij lt li sakhu|

gic sak }ugdsldgb l`}bldgslhit fuh` saktk fug`kzhunt) Dag}sku 4 lt sak `gli }gus hf salt

saktlt> ls }uktkist sak fligb thb{slhi gic lst ugslhigbk) Dag}sku 3 lt sak kvgb{gslhi hf sak

thb{slhi) Gic sak bgts dag}sku? Dag}sku ; lidb{ckt dhidb{tlhit gic f{s{uk zhun)


14/56

5) Ukbgskc Zhun

Li salt dag}sku" zk lisuhc{dk sak sakhulkt gic }ugdsldgb l`}bk`kisgslhit sags guk

ukbkvgis fhu sak tdh}k hf salt saktlt) Fluts zk zlbb lisuhc{dk sak sakhuksldgb fug`kzhungic fhu sak tkdhic }gus zk zlbb lisuhc{dk sak l`}bk`kisgslhi skdaihbhjlkt)

5)7 Sakhuksldgb fug`kzhun

Sak sakhuksldgb fug`kzhun `glib| dhisglit szh }gust? Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij gic

Fkgs{uk @hckblij) Fluts zk zlbb lisuhc{dk saktk szh sakhulkt gic saki tahz sak

ck}bh|`kist t|tsk`)

5)7)7 Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij

Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij hu Tkbf-Gcg}slvk thfszguk t|tsk`t agvk sak" ls lt gelbls| sh gcg}s

sak`tkbvkt gs sak u{isl`k) Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij fhd{tkt hi sak `ksahchbhj| gic

l`}bk`kisgslhi hf t|tsk`t sags gco{ts sh clffkukis tls{gslhit) Gi gcg}slvk t|tsk` `g|

dagijk lst hzi ekagvlhu sh sak jhgbt" sgtnt" liskuktst" gic hsaku fkgs{ukt hf liclvlc{gb

{tkut gic sak kivluhi`kis) Gcg}slvkb| lt l`}husgis fhu {elw{lsh{t gic }kuvgtlvk

dh`}{slij) ^7P

Sak }{u}htk hf sak gcg}sgslhi lt sh `kks sak dagijlij ukw{luk`kist) Gt sak

ckvkbh}`kis hf thfszguk skdaihbhj| ukgdakt ikz akljast zlsa `huk gic `huk

dh`}bkq ukw{luk`kist gic thb{slhit" sakuk lt gi lidukgtlij liskukts li bksslij sakthfszguk agvk sak gelbls| sh gcg}s c|ig`ldgbb| sh dagijkt li ukth{udkt" ukw{luk`kist"

kuuhut" gic sak zahbk u{isl`k kivluhi`kis)

Flj{uk 5)=)7? Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij }uhdktt

Gi gcg}slvk dh`}{slij t|tsk` zhunt jkikugbb| gt tahzi li Flj{uk 5)7) G hilshu

jgsakut lifhu`gslhi fuh` sak u{isl`k t|tsk`) Sak lifhu`gslhi `hilshukc dgi" fhulitsgidk" ek g dkusgli vgb{k hf th`k }gug`kskut hu tsgsk hf g t}kdlfld }lkdk hf aguczguk)

6


15/56

Gfsku sak `hilshu jkst sak lifhu`gslhi" sak kvgb{gslhi }gus ekjlit) Salt lt egtkc hi sak

lifhu`gslhi jgsakukc fuh` sak u{isl`k) Sak kvgb{gslhi gic gigb|tlt zlbb }uhvlck `huk

cksglbkc lifhu`gslhi" fhu litsgidk geh{s zakuk sh kigds sak ukdhiflj{ugslhi)

Zaki ckvkbh}lij t|tsk` hu thfszguk zlsa Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij" w{ktslhit ekbhz

w{ktslhi tah{bc ek euh{jas lish dhitlckugslhi) [icku zags dhiclslhit chkt sak t|tsk`{ickujh gcg}sgslhi8 Tah{bc sak t|tsk` ek h}ki-gcg}slvk hu dbhtkc-gcg}slvk8 Zags

s|}k hf g{shih`| `{ts ek t{}}huskc8 [icku zags dlud{`tsgidk lt gcg}sgslhi

dhts-kffkdslvk8 Ahz hfski lt gcg}sgslhi dhitlckukc8 Zags nlic hf lifhu`gslhi `{ts ek

dhbbkdskc sh `gnk gcg}sgslhi ckdltlhit8%^5P

Ls*t dkusglib| sags ls lt {iikdkttgu| sh ch gcg}sgslhi gbb sak sl`k> saktk gch}slhit

tah{bc ek chik hib| {icku dkusgli dhiclslhit) Sakuk gbth `{ts ek th`k lifhu`gslhi

geh{s ukth{udkt" u{isl`k gic th fhusa sh akb} sh `gnk sak ckdltlhi sh ch gcg}sgslhi hu

ihs) Th`k }gug`kskut `g| vku| akb}f{b zaki `gnlij ckdltlhit) Sak hvkuakgc hf gi

gcg}sgslhi `{ts ek dhitlckukc shh" ekdg{tk sh `gigjk gcg}sgslhi `g| dhts `huk

hvkuakgc sagi zlsah{s gcg}sgslhi) Zags `gnk sak t|tsk`(thfszguk `hts kffkdslvk8Sags lt sak gl` fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Ls lt dkusglib| sags gcg}slvk dh`}{slij tah{bc

eulij kvku| lijukclkis lish dhitlckugslhi)

5)7)5 Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij e{lbclij ebhdnt

Sakuk guk tkvkugb skdaihbhjlkt fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij sh gdalkvk sak jhgbt)

@hilshulij?

Sak fluts skdaihbhj| fhu Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij lt `hilshulij) Gt g}}kgu li `hts gusldbkt

geh{s gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" `hilshulij lt dhuk hu vku| l`}husgis skdaihbhj| fhu

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Hib| egtkc hi sak vgb{k sags sak `hilshu jkst" sak gcg}sgslhi dgi

ek `gck) @hilshulij zlbb }uhvlck ikdkttgu| lifhu`gslhi sags sak gcg}slvk dh`}{slij

t|tsk` ikkc)

7) ]kufhu`gidk `hilshulij) ]kufhu`gidk `hilshulij zlbb jlvk sak lifhu`gslhi

geh{s sak hvkuakgc hf `k`hu|" D][ sl`k" }kul}aku| kw{l}`kist

dh``{ildgslhi tsgskt" ikszhun dhiikdslhi dhiclslhit gic th hi)

5) T|tsk` kvkist `hilshulij) Th`k kvkist zlbb suljjku sak clvkutlfldgslhi hf sak

u{isl`k)

Salt }uhokds lt fhd{t hi sak gudalskds{uk bkvkb ihs dhck bkvkb" th zk*bb tnl} th`k

cksglb hi dhck bkvkb)

Kvgb{gslhi?

Gi kvgb{gslhi tah{bc ek `gnlij gfsku jks sak lifhu`gslhi gfsku `hilshulij lijukclkist

zalda zlbb ek euh{jas lish sak dhitlckugslhi hf salt zahbk }uhjug`) Kvgb{gslhi lt g

ikdkttgu| sh gvhlc sak ag}}kilij hf lidhitltskis)

Sak kvgb{gslhi zlbb `gnk sak ckdltlhi {}hi sak hik hu tkvkugb vgb{kt sags }uhvlckt

e| sak `hilshulij }gus)

Ukdhiflj{ugslhi?

Gfsku kvgb{gslhi sakuk zlbb ek gi gitzku sh sak w{ktslhi %Ch ls hu ihs8 Lf kvgb{gslhi

:


16/56

jlvkt g }htlslvk gitzku" saki sak t|tsk`(thfszguk zlbb sgnk gdslhi sh `gnk ikdkttgu|

dagijk li dhiflj{ugslhi sags `kgit ukdhiflj{ugslhi sh uk}bgdk th`k dhck zlsa th`k

hsaku dhck" hu uk-cltsule{sk sak ukth{udkt)

5)7)4 Fkgs{uk `hckblij

Fkgs{uk `hckblij }bg|t gi l`}husgis uhbk li h{u saktlt }uhokds" sa{t ls lt ikdkttgu| sh

nihz sak nihzbkcjk hf fkgs{uk `hckb)

7) Egtld dhidk}slhit hf fkgs{uk `hckblij

Li hucku sh {ickutsgic fkgs{uk `hckbt" |h{ tah{bc fluts {ickutsgic sak dhidk}s hf g

fkgs{uk) G zkbb fhu`kc thfszguk t|tsk` dgi ek clvlckc lish `gi| }gust gddhuclij sh

saklu dagugdskultsldt) Saki kgda }gus dh{bc ek cktdulekc gt fkgs{uk) Sakuk guk fh{u

s|}kt hf fkgs{ukt?

Dg}gelbls| fkgs{uk?

Tkuvldk" H}kugslhi" Ihif{idslhigb dagugdskultsldt) Ch`gli skdaihbhj| fkgs{uk?

Ch`gli `ksahc" Tsgicguc" Bgz)

H}kugslij kivluhi`kis fkgs{uk?

Aguczguk" Thfszguk)

L`}bk`kisgslhi skdailw{k fkgs{uk?

Cktlji ckdltlhi" Dh``{ildgslhi" GCS ^:P)

Sgnk g thfszguk vlckh }bg|ku fhu kqg`}bk" ls dgi ek clvlckc lish szh dkisugb }gust?

]bg| gic @kclg" fhu sak }gus ]bg| zk dgi clvlck ls lish szh }gust? Ckdhckut gic Kffkdst"

gic fhu sak }gus @kclg" ls dgi gbth ek clvlckc lish Bhdgb @kclg gic Tsukg` @kclg)

Litskgc hf dgbblij sak` }gust" zk dgbb sak` fkgs{ukt) Sak| cktdulek }uh}kuslkt hf g vlckh

}bg|ku)

Fkgs{uk `hckb lt gi getsugds lbb{tsugslhi zalda lt fhu`kc e| g tkulkt hf fkgs{ukt>

kgda fkgs{uk dhiikdst sh hsaku fkgs{ukt gddhuclij sh sak t}kdlfld ukbgslhit ekszkki sak`)

Ls dgi ek {tkc sh cktdulek dagugdskultsldt hf }uhc{dst li g }uhc{ds blik gic liskuigb

dhiflj{ugslhi hf g thfszguk t|tsk`) !G thfszguk }uhc{ds blik !T]B, lt g tks hf

thfszguk-liskitlvk t|tsk`t sags taguk g dh``hi" `gigjkc tks hf fkgs{ukt tgsltf|lij sak

t}kdlfld ikkct hf g }gusld{bgu `gunks tkj`kis hu `lttlhi gic sags guk ckvkbh}kc fuh` g

dh``hi tks hf dhuk gttkst li g }uktdulekc zg|), Fhu salt {tgjk" fkgs{uk `hckb

ekdh`kt `huk gic `huk }h}{bgu li ukdkisb| |kgut> ls lt zlckb| {tkc li thfszgukkq}bhlsgslhi) Flj{uk 5)3 lt g tl`}bk fkgs{uk `hckb fhu vlckh }bg|ku)

1


17/56

Flj{uk 5)=)5? G fkgs{uk `hckb kqg`}bk

Fhu fkgs{uk `hckb bhhnt blnk g sukk" saki zk dgi gbth dgbb g fkgs{uk `hckb gt gfkgs{uk sukk)

5) Juh{}lij fkgs{ukt li g fkgs{uk `hckb

Li g fkgs{uk `hckb" fkgs{ukt guk juh{}kc zlsa hsaku fkgs{ukt gddhuclij sh sak ukbgslhit

ekszkki sak`) Sakuk guk tkvkugb zg|t hf ahz sh dhiikds fkgs{ukt> hik `ksahc lt o{ts

dhiikdslij g fkgs{uk gic lst t{e-fkgs{ukt e| {tlij g blik) Ahzkvku salt zg| dgi ihs

tahz saklu ukbgslhit dbkgub|" ls dgi ihs tahz th`k cksglbt" t{da gt zaksaku sak t{e-

fkgs{uk lt `gicgshu| hu h}slhigb) Gihsaku zg| lt {tlij t}kdlfld tljit sh cktdulek sak

cksglbt> salt `ksahc dgi flj{uk h{s sak cltgcvgisgjkt li sak fluts `ksahc) Saukk `gli

ihsgslhit guk?

7? tsgict fhu h}slhigb fkgs{ukt)

5? tsgict fhu gicgshu| fkgs{ukt)

4? tsgict fhu gbskuigslvk fkgs{ukt)

Salt `ksahc dgi gdalkvk `hts fkgs{uk `hckbt" e{s zaki ls dh`kt sh sak dgtk sags

hik fkgs{uk agt saukk hu `huk t{e-fkgs{ukt" gic hib| szh fkgs{ukt fuh` sak tks hf t{e

-fkgs{ukt dgi ek dahtki" sak gehvk zg| sh dhiikds fkgs{ukt dh{bc ihs gdalkvk salt dludt)

Th gi gcvgidkc zg| lt ikdkttgu|" sags lt {tlij `{bsl}bldlslkt) Flj{uk 5); tahzt sak

kqg`}bk hf {tlij `{bsl}bldlslkt ^1P)


18/56

Flj{uk 5)=)4? Juh{}lij fkgs{ukt e| {tlij `{bsl}bldlslkt

Clffkukis vgulgist hf `{bsl}bldlslkt hf sak juh{}t guk }httlebk?

=))7 gs `hts hik fkgs{uk agt sh ek dahtki fuh` sak tks hf sak t{e-fkgs{ukt"7 kqgdsb| hik fkgs{uk agt sh ek dahtki fuh` sak tks"

=))/ gi guelsugu| i{`eku hf fkgs{ukt!hu ihik gs gbb, agvk sh ek dahtki fuh`

sak tks"

7))/ gs bkgts hik fkgs{uk agt sh ek dahtki fuh` sak tks ^1P)

Salt `ksahc lt sak ekts zg| sh dhiikds fkgs{ukt> ls dgi gdalkvk gbb dh``hi dgtkt

hf fkgs{uk `hckbt)

5)7)3 G}}bldgslhi hf fkgs{uk `hckb

Sak lic{tsulgb l`}husgidk hf fkgs{uk `hckb lt lidukgtlij ug}lcb| li ukdkis |kgut)

Fkgs{uk `hckbt tah{bc flbb sak jg} ekszkki ukw{luk`kist t}kdlfldgslhit gic cktlji

`hckbt gic gudalskds{ukt) ^1P

Fkgs{uk `hckbt }bg| gi l`}husgis uhbk li sak gdslvlslkt hf thfszguk }uhc{ds blik

ckvkbh}`kis) Sh sak }kh}bk zah agicbk thfszguk `huk gt g ebgdn ehq" t{da gt tkbbkut

gic d{tsh`kut" g fkgs{uk `hckb dgi }uhvlck gi hvkuvlkz hvku ukw{luk`kist> cltslij{lta

ekszkki dh``hi gic vgulgebk }uh}kuslkt" tahz ck}kickidlkt ekszkki fkgs{ukt gic

t{}}hus ckdltlhi geh{s kvhb{slhi hf g }uhc{ds blik) Sh sak }kh}bk zah zhun hi sak

ckvkbh}`kis hf g }uhc{ds blik" t{da gt gudalskdst" thfszguk ckvkbh}kut" fkgs{uk `hckbt

dgi akb} sak` sh ckflik uk{tgebk dh`}hikist gic tk}gugsk sak` gddhuclij sh saktk}gugslhi hf Dhidkui }ulidl}bk" gttlji uk{tgebk dh`}hikist sh vgulgebk fkgs{ukt"

cktdulek ck}kickidlkt gic dhitsuglis ekszkki dh`}hikist gic fkgs{ukt" dhisuhb sak

dhiflj{ugslhi hf }uhc{dst h{s hf uk{tgebk dh`}hikist ^1P)

E| blinlij fkgs{ukt sh kbk`kist hf cktlji gic l`}bk`kisgslhi gic ukw{luk`kist"

zk dgi tkk cksglbt hf sak }uhc{ds blik ^1P) Flj{uk 5)6 lt sak blinlij clgjug` ekszkki

fkgs{ukt" ukw{luk`kist" cktlji gic l`}bk`kisgslhi ^1P)

7=


19/56

Flj{uk 5)=)3?Blint ekszkki fkgs{ukt" ukw{luk`kist" cktlji gic l`}bk`kisgslhi

5)7); Ch`gli-T}kdlfld Bgij{gjk !CTB,

G Ch`gli-T}kdlfld bgij{gjk lt `hts hfski g ckdbgugslvk sags lt cktljikc fhu dkusglit}kdlfld(}gusld{bgu hik nlic hf sgtn) Li salt }uhokds" sak sgtn lt sh cktlji g CTB sh kq}uktt

g Fkgs{uk @hckb fhu Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij)

Sakuk lt ih t}kdlfld bgij{gjk hu u{bk fhu salt bgij{gjk" zalda `kgit sags cktljiku

tah{bc cktlji saklu hzi u{bk geh{s salt bgij{gjk fhu saklu hzi ch`gli ukw{luk`kist)

Li salt }uhokds g CTB zlbb ek cktljikc fhu Fkgs{uk @hckb zalda dgi gdalkvk gcg}slvk

dh`}{slij)

5)7)6 Ck}bh|`kist t|tsk`

Li salt }uhokds sak ck}bh|`kist t|tsk` egtldgbb| dhisgli szh }gust" hik lt sak thfszgukhu t|tsk`" sak hsaku }gus lt sak dhiflj{ugslhi flbk hu flbkt)

Gddhuclijb|" sak tsu{ds{uk lt g thfszguk(t|tsk` dhisglit g }gus sags dgi ckgb sak

dhiflj{ugslhi flbk gic `gnk gi liskugdslhi zlsa ls" gic saki `gnk ikdkttgu|

uk-dhiflj{ugslhi gs u{isl`k)

Sak dhiflj{ugslhi flbk(flbkt zlbb }uhvlck bhst hf lifhu`gslhi) Zags nlic hf heokds

tah{bc ek dukgskc gs u{isl`k8 Zalda `ksahc tah{bc ek dgbbkc8 Gic zalda }gug`kskut

tah{bc ek {tkc li sak `ksahc) Sak fhbbhzlij flj{uk tahzt salt }uhdktt)

Flj{uk5); Ck}bh|`kist `g}

77


20/56

5)5 L`}bk`kisgslhi skdaihbhjlkt

Sak l`}bk`kisgslhi skdaihbhjlkt {tkc li salt saktlt guk? [ilflkc @hckblij Bgij{gjk

![@B," Kqskitlebk @gun{} Bgij{gjk !Q@B," Q]gsa gic Ogvg Ukfbkdslhi G]L)

5)5)7 [@B dbgtt `hckblij

[ilflkc @hckblij Bgij{gjk ![@B, lt zlckb| {tkc li `gi| flkbct hf dh`}{sku

ihzgcg|t" kt}kdlgbb| li sak }gus hf e{lbclij `hckbt)

7) Egtld dhidk}slhit hf [@B dbgtt `hckblij

Hevlh{tb|" `hckb }bg|t gi l`}husgis uhbk li salt saktlt) Th zags lt g `hckb8

G hckb lt gi getsugdslhi hf th`ksalij fhu sak }{u}htk hf {ickutsgiclij ls ekfhuk

e{lbclij ls) ^4P Fhu kqg`}bk" zaki gi gudalskds zgist sh e{lbc g e{lbclij" sak fluts salij

ak tah{bc ch lt sh `gnk g `hckb fhu sak e{lbclij" hidk ak jks salt `hckb" ak dgi tahzalt lckg sh hsaku }kh}bk) @hckb lt vku| dh``hi li h{u blvkt" fhu litsgidk" g skbb{ulhi lt g

`hckb hf sak kgusa)

@hckblij `kgit sh e{lbc g `hckb) Ls lt vku| {tkf{b li ckvkbh}`kis hf thfszguk)

Akuk guk 3 `gli {tkt?

Sktslij g }a|tldgb kisls| ekfhuk e{lbclij ls)

Dh``{ildgslhi zlsa d{tsh`kut)

Ekfhuk e{lbclij ls" sak cktljikut dgi tahz salt `hckb sh saklu d{tsh`kut sh tkk

zaksaku sak d{tsh`kut zkuk tgsltflkc zlsa ls)

Vlt{gblgslhi)

Ukc{dslhi hf dh`}bkqls|)@hckbt ukc{dk dh`}bkqls| e| tk}gugslij h{s g t`gbb i{`eku hf l`}husgis salijt

sh ckgb zlsa gs g sl`k) ^3P

Sak dbgtt `hckb cktdulekt sak tsu{ds{uk hf heokdst li g t|tsk`---saklu lckisls|" saklu

ukbgslhital}t sh hsaku heokdst" saklu gssule{skt" gic saklu h}kugslhit)

Dbgtt clgjug`t kq}uktt sak dbgtt `hckb) Li sak [ilflkc @hckblij bgij{gjk

![@B," g dbgtt clgjug` lt g s|}k hf tsgsld tsu{ds{uk clgjug` sags cktdulekt sak tsu{ds{uk

hf g t|tsk` e| tahzlij sak t|tsk`t dbgttkt" saklu gssule{skt" gic sak ukbgslhital}t

ekszkki sak dbgttkt) ^;P Sak fhbbhzlij lt gi kqg`}bk hf dbgtt clgjug` ^6P?

75


21/56

Flj{uk 5)=)6? Alkuguda| hf [@B 5)= Clgjug`t" tahzi gt g dbgtt clgjug`

5) Dbgtt `hckb fhu fkgs{uk `hckblij

Sak fhbbhzlij flj{uk lt g dbgtt clgjug` fhu fkgs{uk `hckblij)

Flj{uk 5)=):? G dbgtt clgjug` fhu fkgs{uk `hckblij

Sakuk guk 6 dbgttkt? Fkgs{uk `hckb" Fkgs{ukt" Ukbgslhital}t" @gicgshu|"

Gbskuigslvk gic H}slhigb) Sak bgts saukk dbgttkt guk liakulskc fuh` dbgtt Ukbgslhital}t)

74


22/56

Hik litsgidk hf dbgtt Fkgs{uk @hckb agt hik hu `huk litsgidkt hf dbgtt Fkgs{ukt" gi

litsgidk hf dbgtt Fkgs{ukt agt =" 7" hu `huk litsgidkt hf dbgtt Fkgs{ukt) Sakuk guk 4

nlict hf ukbgslhital}t ekszkki fkgs{uk gic fkgs{uk) Dbgtt Ukbgslhital}t lt g t{}ku dbgtt"

dbgtt @gicgshu|" Gbskuigslvk gic H}slhigb guk liakulskc fuh` ls) Zk zlbb e{lbc fkgs{uk

`hckbt e| fhbbhzlij salt dbgtt clgjug`)

5)5)5 Q@B

Kqskitlebk @gun{} Bgij{gjk !Q@B, lt g `gun{} bgij{gjk fhu jkikugb-}{u}htk) Lst lt

gi kqskitlebk bgij{gjk sags {tkut dgi ckflik saklu hzi kbk`kist) Sak `gli }{u}htk hf

Q@B lt sh taguk cgsg hu lifhu`gslhi ekszkki clffkukis s|}kt hf t|tsk`t) Dhitlckulij

sak dagugdsku hf salt bgij{gjk" ls lt dhivkilkis sh {tk Q@B sh tshuk gic sugitfku sak

lifhu`gslhi) Sak egtld u{bk hf salt bgij{gjk lt sakuk tah{bc ek g tsgus-sgj gic gi

kic-sgj)

Zkbb-fhu`kc? G zkbb-fhu`kc chd{`kis dhifhu`t sh gbb hf Q@B*t t|isgq u{bkt)Gt bhij gt hib| zkbb-fhu`kciktt lt ukw{lukc" Q@B lt g jkikuld fug`kzhun fhu

tshulij gi| g`h{is hf skqs hu gi| cgsg zahtk tsu{ds{uk dgi ek uk}uktkiskc gt g sukk)

Sak hib| liclt}kitgebk t|isgdsldgb ukw{luk`kis lt sags sak chd{`kis agt kqgdsb| hik

uhhs kbk`kis !gbskuigslvkb| dgbbkc sak chd{`kis kbk`kis,) Salt `kgit sags sak skqs

`{ts ek kidbhtkc ekszkki g uhhs tsgus-sgj gic g dhuukt}hiclij kic-sgj)Sak uhhs

kbk`kis dgi ek }ukdkckc e| gi h}slhigb Q@B ckdbgugslhi) Salt kbk`kis tsgskt zags

vkutlhi hf Q@B lt li {tk !ihu`gbb| 7)=,> ls `g| gbth dhisgli lifhu`gslhi geh{s

dagugdsku kidhclij gic kqskuigb ck}kickidlkt) ^7;P

Sak fhbbhzlij lt g %zkbb-fhu`kc% Q@B chd{`kis?

2Saktlt9 Ltis salt g jhhc hik8 2(Saktlt9

Gt tahzi sags lt sak egtld ikdkttgu| zkbb-fhu`kc Q@B chd{`kis)

Sak egtld t|isgq fhu hik kbk`kis lt?

2ig`k gssule{sk0%vgb{k%9Dhiskis2(ig`k9

Sak dh``kis fhu`gs lt?

2' dhiskis 9

Sak {tku tah{bc flbb sak dhiskis }gus zlsa saklu lifhu`gslhi)

Gehvk guk sak egtld u{bkt hf Q@B) Hevlh{tb|" ls lt g vku| kqskitlebk bgij{gjk)C{k sh salt dagugdsku" zk zlbb kqskic sak u{bkt hf ls gic {tk ls li h{u }uhokds)

5)5)4 Q]gsa

Q]gsa lt g bgij{gjk fhu fliclij lifhu`gslhi li gi Q@B chd{`kis) Q]gsa lt {tkc sh

igvljgsk sauh{ja kbk`kist gic gssule{skt li gi Q@B chd{`kis) ^77P Ls dgi ek tkki gt

g nlic hf w{ku| bgij{gjk) Q]gsa lt g Z4D tsgicguc) Sakuk guk szh vkutlhit ihz?

Q]gsa 7)= gic Q]gsa 5)=) Ahzkvku" Q]gsa 7)= lt tslbb sak `huk zlckb|-{tkc vkutlhi"

th akuk hib| cktdulekt Q]gsa 7)=)

Sak Q]gsa bgij{gjk lt egtkc hi g sukk uk}uktkisgslhi hf sak Q@B chd{`kis" gic}uhvlckt sak gelbls| sh igvljgsk guh{ic sak sukk" tkbkdslij ihckt e| g vgulks| hf dulskulg)

73


23/56

Li }h}{bgu {tk !sah{ja ihs li sak hffldlgb t}kdlfldgslhi," gi Q]gsa kq}ukttlhi lt hfski

ukfkuukc sh tl`}b| gt gi Q]gsa) ^7=P

Q}gsa kq}ukttlhi?

Q]gsa {tkt }gsa kq}ukttlhit sh tkbkds ihckt hu ihck-tkst li gi Q@B chd{`kis) Sak

fhbbhzlij lt g tl`}bk Q@B kqg`}bk?2g{sahu9

2ehhn(9

2ehhn(9

2ehhn(9

2(g{sahu9

Sak tl`}bkts Q]gsa sgnkt g fhu` t{da gt? (g{sahu(ehhn" zalda tkbkdst ehhn

kbk`kist sags guk sak dalbcuki hf sak kbk`kis g{sahu" ls zlbb tkbkds 4 ehhn kbk`kist hf

sak Q@B flbk)

Kq}ukttlhi? (g{sahu((ehhn(/^7P" tkbkdst sak fluts kbk`kis !*^7P*," zagskvku lstig`k !*/*," sags lt g dalbc !*(*, hf g ehhn kbk`kis sags lstkbf lt g dalbc hu hsaku" ckk}kucktdkicgis !*((*, hf gi g{sahu kbk`kis sags lt g dalbc hf sak d{uukis dhiskqs ihck !sak

kq}ukttlhi chkt ihs ekjli zlsa g *(*,) Lf sakuk guk tkvkugb t{lsgebk ehhn kbk`kist li sak

chd{`kis" salt gds{gbb| uks{uit g tks hf gbb saklu fluts dalbcuki)

Q}gsa dgi gbth tkbkds gssule{sk ihck" skqs ihck" dh``kis ihck gic }uhdkttlij

litsu{dslhi ihck" sgebk 5)7 jlvkt ahz sh tkbkds saktk fh{u nlict hf ihckt e| {tlij

Q}gsa kq}ukttlit)

Kq}ukttlhit Cktdul}slhit

(g{sahu(ehhn(Mlc05 Tkbkds sak ehhn kbk`kis zahtk gssule{sk

lc05

(g{sahu(ehhn(skqs!, Tkbkds sak skqs ihck hf kbk`kis ehhn

(g{sahu(ehhn(dh``kis!, Tkbkds gbb sak dh``kist li kbk`kis ehhn

(g{sahu(ehhn(}uhdkttlij-litsu{dslhi!, Tkbkds gbb sak }uhdkttlij litsu{dslhit li

kbk`kis ehhn

Sgebk 5)=)4? Th`k dh``hi Q]gsa kq}ukttlhit

Kqg`}bkt? ^7=P

Jlvki g tl`}bk Q@B chd{`kis?

7;


24/56

Flj{uk 5)=)1? G tl`}bk Q@B flbk

Sak Q]gsa kq}ukttlhi?

(zlnl`kclg(}uhokdst(}uhokds(Mig`k

Tkbkdst ig`k gssule{skt fhu gbb }uhokdst" gic

(zlnl`kclg((kclslhit

Tkbkdst gbb kclslhit hf gbb }uhokdst" gic

(zlnl`kclg(}uhokdst(}uhokds(kclslhit(kclslhi^Mbgij{gjk0%Kijblta%P(skqs!,

Tkbkdst gccukttkt hf gbb Kijblta Zlnl`kclg }uhokdst !skqs hf gbb kclslhi kbk`kist

zakuk bgij{gjk gssule{sk lt kw{gb shKijblta," gic sak fhbbhzlij

(zlnl`kclg(}uhokdst(}uhokds^Mig`k0%Zlnl}kclg%P(kclslhit(kclslhi(skqs!,

Tkbkdst gccukttkt hf gbb Zlnl}kclgt !skqs hf gbb kclslhi kbk`kist sags kqlts {icku

}uhokds kbk`kis zlsa g ig`k gssule{sk hfZlnl}kclg, )

[tlij Q]gsa G]L?

Sak fhbbhzlij Ogvg dhck tahzt {tlij Q}gsa G]L sh tkbkds hik hu tkvkugb ihckt fuh` g

Q@B chd{`kis)

Q]gsa q}gsa 0 Q]gsaFgdshu|)ikzLitsgidk!,)ikzQ]gsa!,>

Tsulij kq}ukttlhi 0 %(g{sahu(ehhn%>Li}{sTh{udk li}{sTh{udk 0 ikz Li}{sTh{udk!%ehhnt)q`b%,>

IhckTks ihckt 0 !IhckTks, q}gsa)kvgb{gsk!kq}ukttlhi" li}{sTh{udk"

Q]gsaDhitsgist)IHCKTKS,>

5)4)3 Ogvg Ukfbkdslhi G]L

Ukfbkdslhi lt g }hzkuf{b shhb) Ls bkst |h{ e{lbc fbkqlebk dhck sags dgi ek gttk`ebkc gs

u{i sl`k zlsah{s ukw{lulij th{udk dhck blint ekszkki dh`}hikist) ^74P

Ukfbkdslhi lt dh``hib| {tkc e| }uhjug`t zalda ukw{luk sak gelbls| sh kqg`lik

hu `hclf| sak u{isl`k ekagvlhu hf g}}bldgslhit u{iilij li sak Ogvg vlus{gb `gdalik)

76


25/56

^75P Ls jlvkt sak Ogvg dhck gddktt sh liskuigb lifhu`gslhi fhu dbgttkt bhgckc lish sak

OV@ gic gbbhzt sak }uhjug``ku sh zulsk dhck sags zhunt zlsa dbgttkt tkbkdskc c{ulij

kqkd{slhi" ihs li sak th{udk dhck) Salt `gnkt ukfbkdslhi g jukgs shhb fhu e{lbclij

fbkqlebk g}}bldgslhit) ^74P

E| {tlij ukfbkdslhi" fluts e{lbc g dbgtt heokds fhu g jlvki dbgtt G" gic {tlij saltdbgtt heokds sh dgbb sak `ksahc li dbgtt G)

Ahz sh dukgsk g dbgtt heokds?

Sakuk guk `gi| zg|t sh dukgsk dbgtt heokds li Ogvg" sak fhbbhzlij sgebk tahzt

tkvkugb dh``hi zg|t sh dukgsk g dbgtt heokds>

Dbgtt heokds dukgslij `ksahct Kqg`}bkt

[tlij jksDbgtt!, Tsulij tsu 0 %ged%>

Dbgtt d7 0 tsu)jksDbgtt!,>

[tlij tsgsld `ksahc

Dbgtt)fhuIg`k!,

!Salt lt sak `hts dh``hizg|),

Dbgtt d7 0 Dbgtt)fhuIg`k !%Ogvg)bgij)Tsulij%,>

Dbgtt d5 0 Dbgtt)fhuIg`k !%Ogvg)gzs)E{sshi%,>

Dbgtt d4 0 Dbgtt)fhuIg`k!%Ogvg){slb)BlinkcBlts#Kisu|%,>

Dbgtt d3 0 Dbgtt)fhuIg`k !%L%,>

Dbgtt d; 0 Dbgtt)fhuIg`k !%^L%,>

[tlij t|isgq

)dbgtt

Dbgtt d7 0 Tsulij)dbgtt>

Dbgtt d5 0 Ogvg)gzs)E{sshi)dbgtt>

Dbgtt d4 0 @gli)LiikuDbgtt)dbgtt>

Dbgtt d3 0 lis)dbgtt>

Dbgtt d; 0 lis^P)dbgtt>

[tlij Dbgtt)jksT{}kuDbgtt!, E{sshi e 0 ikz E{sshi!,>Dbgtt d7 0 e)jksDbgtt!,>

Dbgtt d5 0 d7)jksT{}kudbgtt!,>

[tlij t|isgq?

)S\]K

Dbgtt d7 0 Ehhbkgi)S\]K>

Dbgtt d5 0 E|sk)S\]K>

Dbgtt d4 0 Dagugdsku)S\]K>

Dbgtt d3 0 Tahus)S\]K>

Dbgtt d; 0 Liskjku)S\]K>

Dbgtt d6 0 Bhij)S\]K>

Dbgtt d: 0 Fbhgs)S\]K>

Dbgtt d1 0 Ch{ebk)S\]K>

Dbgtt d< 0 Vhlc)S\]K>

Sgebk =)3 Dbgtt heokds dukgslij `ksahct

[tlij ukfbkdslhi?

Li salt saktlt }uhokds" sak skdaihbhj| hf Ogvg ukfbkdslhi lt {tkf{b gic sak fhbbhzlij

kqg`}bk ck`hitsugskt sak ukfkukis skdaihbhj| sags zlbb ek {tkc sh thbvk sak saktlt

}uhebk`)

l`}hus Ogvg)bgij)ukfbkds)/>

}{ebld dbgtt `ksahc5

~}{ebld lis gcc!lis g" lis e,

7:


26/56

71

~

uks{ui g . e>

p

}{ebld tsgsld vhlc `gli!Tsulij gujt^P,

~ su| ~

Dbgtt dbt 0 Dbgtt)fhuIg`k!%`ksahc5%,>

Dbgtt }gus|}kt^P 0 ikz Dbgtt^5P>

}gus|}kt^=P 0 Liskjku)S\]K>

}gus|}kt^7P 0 Liskjku)S\]K>

@ksahc `ksa 0 dbt)jks@ksahc!%gcc%" }gus|}kt,>

`ksahc5 `ksaheo 0 ikz `ksahc5!,>

Heokds gujblts^P 0 ikz Heokds^5P>

gujblts^=P 0 ikz Liskjku!4:,>

gujblts^7P 0 ikz Liskjku!3:,>Heokds uksheo0 `ksa)livhnk!`ksaheo" gujblts,>

Liskjku uksvgb 0 !Liskjku,uksheo>

T|tsk`)h{s)}ulisbi!uksvgb)lisVgb{k!,,>

p

dgsda !Sauhzgebk k, ~

T|tsk`)kuu)}ulisbi!k,>

p

p

Li salt kqg`}bk" sakuk lt g dbgtt ig`kc `ksahc5 zalda agt g `ksahc? gcc!," li sak

`gli `ksahc" ls tahzt ahz sak ukfbkdslhi zhunt? fluts e{lbc g dbgtt heokdsdbt fhu dbgtt

`ksahc5" gic saki {tlij salt dbgtt heokds sh dgbb sak `ksahc gcc!,)


27/56

4) Fkgs{uk `hckbt fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij

Li salt dag}sku zk jlvk g cksglbkc kq}bgigslhi geh{s sak thb{slhi zk flic sh thbvk sak

}uhebk`t) Li hucku sh }uhvlck lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak dhiflj{ugslhi zlsali sak Fkgs{uk@hckb fhu Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij" g ikz fkgs{uk s|}k sak Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk lt

lisuhc{dkc) Zk agvk gbth cktljikc g Ch`gli T}kdlfld Bgij{gjk !CTB, zalda dgi ek

{tkc sh kq}uktt c|ig`ld gcg}sgslhit gic dhitsuglist hi saktk li sak fkgs{uk `hckb)

4)7 Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{ukt

Li salt }uhokds sak `gli sgtn lt sh flic g thb{slhi fhu kq}ukttlij sak uktsuldslhi ukbgslhi

ekszkki fkgs{ukt li g fkgs{uk `hckb) Sh gdalkvk gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" sakuk `{ts ek

th`k u{bkt sh }{s lish sak fkgs{uk `hckbt)

Gt cltd{ttkc li dag}sku 5" fhu Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" zaksaku gi gcg}sgslhi tah{bc

ek `gck hu ihs `{ts ek kvgb{gskc) Kvgb{gslhi lt gi liclt}kitgelbls| }gus hf Gcg}slvk

dh`}{slij) Zags lt sak `hts l`}husgis salij fhu Kvgb{gslhi8 Sak gitzku lt lifhu`gslhi)

Gbb kvgb{gslhit guk egtkc hi lifhu`gslhi) Sakukfhuk" fhu g Fkgs{uk `hckb zalda dgi

gdalkvk Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij `{ts }uhvlck sak t|tsk` hu thfszguk ikdkttgu|

lifhu`gslhi sh ch gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

Li e{lbclij g fkgs{uk `hckb" salijt guk dhitlckukc li sak gt}kds hf Fkgs{uk) Zags

sak lifhu`gslhi fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij lt th`k lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak uktsuldslhi

ukbgslhital}) Sags lt {icku zags dhiclslhit zags tah{bc ek chik" {icku zags

dhiclslhit ahz sh ch gcg}sgslhi gic th fhusa) C{ulij sak cktljilij hf sak fkgs{uk`hckb hf salt tkuvku t|tsk`" dkusglib| salt uktsuldslhi tah{bc ek dhisglikc li sak `hckb)

Fhu g fkgs{uk `hckb" hevlh{tb| uktsuldslhi u{bkt guk fkgs{ukt shh) Tl`}b| zk

dhitlcku saktk uktsuldslhit guk fkgs{ukt) Dhitkw{kisb|" zk dukgsk g ikz nlic hf fkgs{uk

dgbb Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk fhu fkgs{uk `hckb)

Sh jlvk g ckflilslhi sh *%uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk%" uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt guk fkgs{ukt fhu

fkgs{ukt) Gt gi Gcg}slvk t|tsk`" th`k fkgs{ukt `{ts ek h}slhigb) Li sags dgtk ls lt

ikdkttgu| sh `gnk ls dbkgu sags zalda fkgs{uk tah{bc ek dahtk c{ulij sak kqkd{slij hf

salt }uhjug`) Sak nk| ltt{k akuk lt sh flic sak uljas zg| sh kq}uktt salt %uktsuldslhi

u{bkt% t{lsgeb|" gdd{ugskb|" {ilvkutgbb|)

%Uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt%" `kgit sh gcc g fkgs{uk sh sak fkgs{uk zalda `g| ikkc th`k

uktsuldslhi u{bkt) Zags dgi ek dhisglilij li salt fkgs{uk lt sags sak fkgs{uk sak }gukis

fkgs{uk tah{bc hek|) Ls*t blnk sak ukbgslhital} ekszkki nk|t gic chhu" %Uktsuldslhi

fkgs{uk% Lt sak nk|" ls dgi h}ki th`k chhut e{s ihs gbb sak chhut) Saktk dgi ek zags kbtk

fkgs{ukt ls dgi ek dh`elik hu zags fkgs{ukt ls dgi ihs dh`elik) Li salt zg|" sak

ukbgslhital} ekszkki fkgs{ukt dgi ek kq}ukttkc" gic sak| guk dhiikdskc e| gi livltlebk

blik)

Akuk lt gi kqg`}bk zalda kq}ukttkt ahz salt thb{slhi zhunt)

Fhu g }lkdk hf thfszguk fkgs{uk `hckb" gt flj{uk 4)7" tahzt" ls agt saukk fkgs{ukt

*G*"*E*"*D* gic *C*) Fkgs{ukt *E*"*D* gic *C* guk saukk h}slhigb fkgs{ukt) Zaki fkgs{uk *G*zgt tkbkdskc" hik hf *E*"*D* gic *C* tah{bc ek }ldnkc {} fhu *G*" gic sakuk lt g uktsuldslhi

7


28/56

fkgs{uk hf *G* sh kq}uktt zags u{bkt sak *G* tah{bc hek| zaki tkbkdslij fuh` *E*"*D* gic

*C*)

Flj{uk 4)=)


29/56

litsgidk" sakuk guk dkusgli kffkdst sags dgi ek hib| {tkc fhu g @KJ] ckdhcku gic th`k

kffkdst dgi ek hib| {tkc fhu g U@VE ckdhcku" zalda `kgit sak| ikkc sh {icku sak

dhisuhb hf th`k uktsuldslhi u{bkt) Zaki sak t|tsk` ckdlck zalda ckdhcku sh {tk" saki ls

zlbb tkbkds hik kffkds fuh` kffkds *K7*"*K5*"*K4* hu *K3*)

Flj{uk 4)=)77? Ckdhckut gic Kffkdst

Zaki sak t|tsk` dh`kt sh sak tsk} sh dahhtk zalda kffkds fhu sak ckdhcku" ls ukgct

sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt hf salt ckdhcku) Lf ls sak Ckdhcku7" sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk hf

Ckdhcku7 tahzt sags %Ckdhcku7 tah{bc {tk Kffkds7 hu Kffkds3 ihs Kffkds5 hu Kffkds4%)

Sak Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk hf Ckdhckut gbth dhisglit sak lifhu`gslhi sags ls dgi {tk K5 hu

K4) Gt tahzi li flj{uk 4)3" tkvkugb livltlebk blikt dhiikds sak fkgs{ukt) Li fgds" saktk

blikt guk Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{ukt)

Jkikugbb| t}kgnlij" %Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk% lt zags zk dukgsk sh gdalkvk gcg}slvk

dh`}{slij) %Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk% kq}ukttkt sak lifhu`gslhi sags ahz tah{bc sak t|tsk`

sh ch gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Ls dhiikdst h}slhigb fkgs{ukt li gi livltlebk zg|)

57


30/56

Flj{uk 4)=)75? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki Ckdhckut gic Kffkdst

Jkikugbb|" li h{u thb{slhi sakuk guk 3 tsk}t sh e{lbc g Fkgs{uk @hckb zalda dgi

gdalkvk gcg}slvk dh`}{slij?

L) Gigb|tlt gbb sak fkgs{ukt hf sags dkusgli t|tsk`(thfszguk)

LL) Blts gbb sak lijukclkist zlbb ek {tkc li gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

LLL) Cktlji sak Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{ukt" {tk saktk fkgs{ukt sh }uhvlck ikdkttgu| lifhu`gslhi

fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)

LV) Cktlji sak zahbk gudalskds{uk gic e{lbc sak `hckb)

4)5 G}}bldgslhi hf uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt

Fhu zags zk gigb|tlt li salt }uhokds lt g `hckb hf vlckh }bg|ku !Flj{uk 4)5)7,) Salt

Vlckh ]bg|ku lt gebk sh }bg| ehsa bhdgb `kclg flbk gic tsukg` `kclg flbk) Ls agt tkvkugbckdhckut sh ckdhck clffkukis s|}kt hf `kclg hu clffkukis egic-zlcsa" zalda `kgit sags

salt vlckh }bg|ku t|tsk` tah{bc ek gebk sh gco{ts clffkukis ckdhcku fhu clffkukis `kclg

s|}k) @hukhvku" sakuk guk gbth th`k vlt{gb kffkdst sags gcc sh sak ckdhcku zaki

ckdhclij) Saktk vlt{gb kffkdst agvk sak f{idslhi sh l`}uhvk sak w{gbls| hu gcc t}kdlgb

vlt{gb kffkdst) Jkikugbb|" sak zahbk vlckh }bg|ku t|tsk` lt cktljikc sh ek gebk sh

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij li szh }gust) Fluts" ls tah{bc ek gebk sh dahhtk sak uljas ckdhcku sh

ckdhck sak `kclg) Tkdhic" ls zlbb tkbkds hik hu tkvkugb t{lsgebk vlt{gb kffkds sh gcc sh

sak `kclg zalda lt ckdhclij) Dh{bc ek {tkc sh dahhtk sak ekts fls tsukg` ckdhcku sh

ckdhck li hucku sh jks sak ekts w{gbls| {icku sags egiczlcsa dhiclslhi)

Jkikugbb|" sakuk guk szh s|}kt hf `kclg" bhdgb `kclg gic tsukg` `kclg) Sak

55


31/56

ckflilslhi hf %Bhdgb `kclg% li salt }uhokds lt g vlt{gb `kclg flbk sags kqltst li sak bhdgb

`gdalik) %Tsukg` `kclg% lt g `kclg sugit`ls vlg dkusgli ikszhun)

%Tsukg`lij `kclg lt `{bsl`kclg sags lt dhitsgisb| ukdklvkc e|" gic ihu`gbb|

clt}bg|kc sh" sak kic-{tkuzalbk ls lt eklij ckblvkukc e| sak }uhvlcku) Sak ig`k ukfkut sh

sak ckblvku| `ksahc hf sak `kcl{` ugsaku sagi sh sak `kcl{` lstkbf) Sak cltslidslhi lt{t{gbb| g}}blkc sh `kclg sags guk cltsule{skc hvku skbkdh``{ildgslhit ikszhunt" gt

`hts hsaku ckblvku| t|tsk`t guk klsaku liakukisb| tsukg`lij !k)j) ugclh" skbkvltlhi, hu

liakukisb| ihi-tsukg`lij !k)j) ehhnt" vlckh dgttksskt" g{clh DCt,) Sak vkue *sh tsukg`*

lt gbth ckulvkc fuh` salt sku`" `kgilij sh ckblvku `kclg li salt `giiku)%^


32/56

Flj{uk 4)=)74? Sak fligb fkgs{uk sukk fhu g vlckh }bg|ku

Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki fkgs{ukt?

Egiczlcsa Ckdhckut Kffkdst)

20=);@e}t TC7) Bhz egic-zlcsa Ckdhcku K7>K4

9=);@e}t&207)=@e}t TC5) Alja W{gbls| Ckdhcku K5"K3>K;

97)=@e}t TC4) @lccbk Egic-zlcsa Ckdhcku K7>K5>K4>K3>K;

Sgebk 4)=)1? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki egiczlcsa" Ckdhckut & Kffkdst

Sgebk 4)=)


33/56

Li fgds sakuk lt ihs clukds ukbgslhital} ekszkki @kclg Fhu`gs(Egic-zlcsa gic Kffkdst)

Sakukfhuk" sak zhun fhu ikqs tsk} lt sh flj{uk sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt fhu 7? Ckdhckut gic

Kffkdst" 5? Egic-Zlcsa gic Ckdhckut gic 4? @kclg Fhu`gs gic Ckdhckut

7) Ukbgslhital} ekszkki Ckdhckut gic Kffkdst fkgs{uk

Uktsuldslhit ukbgslhital}?Ckdhcku Kffkdst

C7 K7>K3

C5 K7>K5>K4>K;

C4 K5>K3

Sgebk 4)=)7=? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} Ckdhckut & Kffkds

Ckdhckut Kffkdst)

TC7) Bhz egic-zlcsa Ckdhcku K7>K4

TC5) Alja W{gbls| Ckdhcku K5"K3>K;

TC4) @lccbk Egic-zlcsa Ckdhcku K7>K5>K4>K3>K;

Sgebk 4)=)77? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} T-Ckdhcku & Kffkdst

Gt sak sgebk tahzi gehvk" fhu kgda hik ckdhcku" sakuk guk hib| th`k hf sak kffkdst

dgi ek gcc sh sak ckdhcku c{ulij }bg|lij `kclg)

Sakukfhuk" sgnk C7 gt gi kqg`}bk" lst Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk lt %Ls*t dgi hib| zhun

zlsa Kffkds 7 gic Kffkds 3%)

Fhbbhz sak uktsuldslhi sgebk gehvk" sak sukk ekbhz dgi ek e{lbs) Saktk clffkukis

ckdhckut agvk saklu hzi uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt" gic sak| tah{bc hek| saktk uktsuldslhifkgs{ukt)

5;


34/56

Flj{uk 4)=)73? Fkgs{uk `hckb hf Ckdhcku gic Kffkdst }gus

5) Ukbgslhital} ekszkki Egic-Zlcsa gic ckdhcku

Egic-zlcsa Ckdhckut

20=);@e}t TC7) Bhz egic-zlcsa Ckdhcku

9=);@e}t&207)=@e}t TC5) Alja W{gbls| Ckdhcku

97)=@e}t TC4) @lccbk Egic-zlcsa Ckdhcku

Sgebk 4)=)75? Egiczlcsa gic Tsukg`lij ckdhcku

Sak sgebk gehvk tahzt sak ckdhcku sags sak }bg|ku tah{bc {tk {icku clffkukis

Egic-Zlcsa dhiclslhit) Sakukfhuk" saktk Egic-Zlcsa dhiclslhit agvk %Uktsuldslhi

Fkgs{ukt%) Fhu kgda Egic-zlcsa" lst uktsuldslhi zlbb }hlis sh sak Tsukg` ckdhcku ls

tah{bc {tk)

Li salt }gus" Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk tahzt sak uktsuldslhi hf zags Tsukg` Ckdhcku sak

}bg|ku tah{bc {tk {icku sags egic-zlcsa dhiclslhi) Fhu kqg`}bk" zaki sak els ugsk lt

{icku =);@e}t" sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt zlbb jlvk sak t|tsk` sak lifhu`gslhi sags hib|

sak TC7 dgi ek {tkc sh ckdhck) Uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk }uhvlck sak lifhu`gslhi sags sakdhiflj{ugslhi hu uk-dhiflj{ugslhi ikkc)

56


35/56

Flj{uk 4)=)7;?Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki Tskg`lij Ckdhcku & Egic-zlcsa

4) Ukbgslhital} ekszkki Bhdgb `kclg fhu`gs gic ckdhckut

@kclg Fhu`gs Ckdhcku

U@VE C7

GVL C5

Z@V C4

Sgebk 4)=)74? @kclg Fhu`gs gic Ckdhcku

Li sak tkdslhi" zaki sak ]bg|ku ckskdst sak fhu`gs hf sak `kclg s|}k" ls ikkct sh dahhtk g

uljas ckdhcku sh ckdhck) Sakukfhuk" ls*t kgt| sh flj{uk h{s sags sakuk tah{bc ek g fkgs{uk

fhu kgda @kclg Fhu`gs bkgclij sh sak uljas ckdhcku) Li sags dgtk sak ]bg|ku

thfszguk(t|tsk` zlbb gcg}s sh uljas ckdhcku)

Gt flj{uk 4)1 tahzt" kgda Uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk zlbb }hlis sh g fkgs{uk)

5:


36/56

Flj{uk 4)=)76? Uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki Ckdhcku gic fhu`gs

3) Sak fligb fkgs{uk `hckb fhu salt vlckh }bg|ku

Gfsku gigb|lij kgda tkdslhi zalda zlbb {tk gcg}slvk dh`}{slij gic cktljilij sak

uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt" saki sak zhun lt sh }{s kgda lijukclkis shjksaku)

51


37/56

Flj{uk 4)=)7:?Sak fligb vlckh }bg|ku `hckb zalda dgi gdalkvk gcg}slvk dh`}{slij

4)4 Uktsuldslhi Bgij{gjk !UktsuldslhiB,

Egtlij hi sak CTB zk cktljikc g bgij{gjk dgbbkc Uktsuldslhi Bgij{gjk !UktsuldslhiB,

sh kq}uktt sak Fkgs{uk @hckb fhu Gcg}slvk Dh`}{slij) Sak UktsuldslhiB zk cktljikc

lt egtkc hi Q@B chd{`kis" tlidk sakuk lt g }gdngjk ig`kc Ogvg)Q]gsa li sak Ogvg

bleugu|" salt }gdngjk lt {tkc fhu ukgclij Q@B chd{`kist) Sakukfhuk e| {tlij

Ogvg)Q]gsa ls lt vku| dhivkilkis sh ukgc sak UktsuldslhiB flbkt)

Tlidk sak UktsuldslhiB flbk lt g Q@B chd{`kis" th ls tah{bc hek| gbb sak t|isgq hf

Q@B chd{`kis) Ektlckt" li hucku sh gdalkvk sak gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" zk ckflik th`k

t|isgq li gcclslhi) Sak gcclslhigb u{bkt zlbb ek bltskc gfsku li tkdslhi 4)5)5)

5


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4)4)7 Cktljilij gic {tlij sak UktsuldslhiB

Zk dahhtk g tl`}bk kqg`}bk sh cktlji gic l`}uhvk sak UktsuldslhiB) Ls lt g

thuslij gic tgvlij t|tsk`?

Fluts" Thus g jlvki tkw{kidk cgsg Q?

Q dgi ek gi liskjku Guug|" hu g tsulij Guug|" hu gi liskjku Guug|-Blts" hu

g tsulij Guug|-Blts)

Saki" gfsku thuslij" tgvk sak thuslij ukt{bs gt?

Lf Tlk !,97=" tgvk gt g Vkdshu

Lf Tlk !, 207=" tgvk gt gi Guug|-Blts)

]uhdktt

Sak fkgs{uk sukk hf salt t|tsk` lt blnk salt?

4=


39/56

Sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt guk li sak cgtakc fug`k)

Sak UktsuldslhiB flbk hf salt T|tsk` lt blnk salt?

2uktsuldslhi9

2thus9

2u{bk9

2lf9uktsulds dhiclslhi2(lf9

2uktsulds9thus7!,2(uktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9uktsulds dhiclslhi2(lf9

2uktsulds9thus5!,2(uktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2(thus9

2tgvk9

2(tgvk9

2(uktsuldslhi9

47


40/56

4)4)5 UktsuldslhiB u{bkt

Salt UktsuldslhiB flbk tah{bc hek| sak u{bkt zk ckflikc gt fhbbhzt?

Saktk sgj ig`kt? uktsuldslhi" u{bk" lfgic uktsulds guk `gicgshu|) Sak| dgi ihs ek

dagijkc)

Gt tahzi li sak kqg`}bk `kislhikc li 4)4)7" sak sgj ig`k thus dhuukt}hic sh g

`ksahc ig`kc thus !, zalda agt ekki l`}bk`kiskc li sak }uhjug`" ls dgi ek dagijkc

gddhuclij sh clffkukis t|tsk`t" fhu litsgidk" lf |h{ g}}b| UktsuldslhiB hi g

@helbk-}ahik-Tahz-]lds{ukt t|tsk`" |h{ dgi dagijk sak sgj ig`k thus sh

tahz]lds{uk" akidk sakuk `{ts ek g `ksahc ig`kc tahz]lds{uk !," zalda agt ekki

l`}bk`kiskc li sak }uhjug`" dhuukt}hic sh sak sgj ig`k? tahz]lds{uk)

Sak uktsulds dhiclslhi? ls lt {tkc sh cksku`lik zalda fkgs{uk !`ksahc, sh {tk gs

u{isl`k)

Ls `g| dhisgli hik hu szh uktsuldslhit sags dhisgli bhjldgb dhiikdshut? gic" hu)

Kgda uktsuldslhi lt g bhjldgb dhiclslhi zalda dhisglit gssule{skt hu dgbbt dhèlikc zlsa

vgb{kt gic bhjldgb h}kugshut !2" 9" " " 0" ,)

Tlidk ls lt lbbkjgb sh dhisgli saktk t|èhbt? 2" 9" " " gt skqs li Q@B chd{`kist)

Th zk {tk hsaku t|èhbt sh t{etsls{sk sak`?

H}kugshut T{etsls{skt

gic GIC

hu HU

2 BKTT

9 @HUK

BKTT0

@HUK0

0 0

'0

Zaki {tlij saktk t|èhbt li uktsulds dhiclslhi" |h{ tah{bc hek| sak

fhbbhzlij 4 u{bkt?

7) Zaki ls agt `ksahc dgbb li uktsuldslhi" o{ts gcc !, gfsku sak dgbbkc

`ksahc ig`k" fhu litsgidk tlk!, 0 7=) Lf sakuk lt ih `ksahc dgbb" o{ts

zulsk sak ig`k hf sak gssule{sk" ls tah{bc ek kqgdsb| sak tg`k li sak dhck"t{da gt tdukkiZlcsa 0 45=" sak tdukkiZlcsa akuk lt o{ts gi gssule{sk hf

dkusgli dbgtt)

5) Ls lt `gicgshu| sh gcc g t}gdk ekfhuk gic gfsku sak t|èhb" fhu kqg`}bk

tlk!, 0 7=ihstlk!,07=)

4) Ch ihs {tk livkuskc dh``g fhu g tsulij vgb{k" fhu litsgidk s|}k!, 0

Guug|ihss|}k!, 0 Guug|)

Sak skqs li sgj uktsulds tsgict fhu sak fkgs{uk !`ksahc, sh tkbkds lf sak dhuukt}hic

uktsulds dhiclslhi lt su{k) Li salt }gus" o{ts zulsk sak `ksahc ig`k gic gcc g }glu hf

}gukisaktkt " t{da gt? 2uktsulds9thus7!,2(uktsulds9 )

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4)4)4 Cktljikc Ogvg dbgttkt

Gddh`}gi| zlsa sak UktsuldslhiB" szh Ogvg dbgttkt tah{bc ek l`}bk`kiskc" ig`kc gt?

UktsuldslhiB gic Tsulij]gutku) Sak| guk {tkc fhu }gutlij UktsuldslhiB flbkt gic `gnk

dgbbt fhu uktsuldslhi) DbgttUktsuldslhiB lt {tkc sh }gutk UktsuldslhiB flbkt" }ldn {} sak

uktsuldslhi dhiclslhi gic o{cjk zaksaku sak dhiclslhi lt su{k hu fgbtk" lf su{k saki }ldn

{} sak skqs hf sgj uktsulds fuh` sak UktsuldslhiB flbk) Saktk szh dbgttkt dgi ek g}}blkc hi

hsaku gcg}slvk dh`}{slij kqg`}bkt zlsa h{s gi| dagijk) Dbgtt Tsulij]gutku lt {tkc sh

gigb|k sak uktsuldslhi dhiclslhi" o{cjk zaksaku salt dhiclslhi lt su{k hu ihs) @kgizalbk

gihsaku dbgtt zk ig`kc gt@ksahctTkslt ikdkttgu|" gbb hf sak `ksahct guk }{s li salt

dbgtt)

4)4)3 Dh``kist li UktsuldslhiB

Hevlh{tb|" ls lt ikdkttgu| sh cktlji g `ksahc sh gcc dh``kist li UktsuldslhiBkt}kdlgbb| zaki sak thfszguk hu t|tsk` lt vku| elj hsakuzltk ls zlbb ek vku| aguc sh

{ickutsgic gic `glisgli sak zahbk }uhokds)

Tlidk h{u thb{slhi geh{s UktsuldslhiB lt g bgij{gjk egtkc hi Q@B" gic zk {tk

sak Ogvg Q}gsa sh jks sak lifhu`gslhi fuh` sak flbk" sakukfhuk zk ckdlck sh {tk sak

dh``kist fhu`gs li Q@B fhu h{u UktsuldslhiB) Sak fhu`gs lt 2'))))))9 )

Kqg`}bk?

2Uktsuldslhi9

2' Ekbhz sak f{idslhi lt fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij gic }uhvlck sak

lifhu`gslhi)9

2f{idslhi92u{bk9

2lf9li}{sS|}k!, 0 Guug| GIC kbk`kisS|}k!, 0 Liskjku2(lf9

2uktsulds9thus72(uktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2(f{idslhi9

2(Uktsuldslhi9

4)4); L`}huslij lifhu`gslhi fuh` hsaku UktsuldslhiB flbkt

Ls lt kgt| sh agicbk g t`gbb thfszguk hu t|tsk` e| hik UktsuldslhiB flbk" e{s zaki ls

dh`kt sh g bgujk tdgbk ls zlbb ek vku| aguc gic dh`}bldgskc sh agicbk gic `glisgli ls

zlsali hik UktsuldslhiB flbk) Sakukfhuk" ls lt ikdkttgu| sh cktlji g `ksahc sh thbvk salt

}uhebk`)

Zags dgi ek l`}huskc8 UktsuldslhiB flbkt" f{idslhi }kufhu`gidk }uhflbk flbkt"

cgsg flbkt gic ksd)

Sak fhu`gs lt?

2uktsulds9TkgudaFlbk0flbkig`k)qq"]gug`kskut0q>q>q>2(uktsulds9

Gt tahzi gehvk" zaki sak t|tsk` ukgc salt blik" ls zlbb tkguda g flbk gic zags

kqgdsb| lifhu`gslhi guk ikdkttgu| lt tshukc li sak }gug`ksku blts ]gug`kskut)

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Kqg`}bk?

Hik t|tsk` lt chlij th`k dgbd{bgslhi zhun) Sak zhuc ikkckc ek chik zlsali g

tahus sl`k" th zaki ls ukgc sak UktsuldslhiB flic h{s sags sak ukw{luk`kis lt t}kkc

gic sak cgsg s|}k lt Liskjku) Gic saki sak t|tsk` zlbb kqkd{sk sak blik 2uktsulds9

TkgudaFlbk0}uhflbk)qq"]gug`kskut0t}kkc>Liskjku2(uktsulds9

) Sak t|tsk` zlbb tkguda flbk }uhflbk)qq gic flic sak lifhu`gslhi geh{s }gug`ksku

t}kkc gic Liskjku)

2Uktsuldslhi9

2f{idslhi9

2u{bk9

2lf9ukw{luk!,0t}kkc GIC cgsgs|}k!, 0 Liskjku2(lf9

2uktsulds9 TkgudaFlbk0}uhflbk)qq"]gug`kskut0t}kkc>Liskjku2(uktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2(f{idslhi9

2(Uktsuldslhi9

4)3 @ksahchbhj|

Salt tkdslhi lt geh{s ahz sh {tk h{u thb{slhi sh l`}bk`kis g fkgs{uk `hckb zalda agt

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Ekbhz zk zlbb }uhvlck sak zhunlij }uhdkc{uk !zhunfbhz,)

4)3)7 Zhunlij }uhdkc{uk

Akuk lt g }gusld{bgu }uhdkc{uk) Jkikugbb| sakuk guk saukk }uhdkttkt sh jh sauh{ja li sakzahbk }uhdktt hf gi l`}bk`kisgslhi fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" Fkgs{uk @hckb Cktlji"

Sugitbgsk Fkgs{uk @hckb sh UktsuldslhiB gic L`}bk`kisgslhi li Dhck)

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Flj{uk =)71 Zhunlij }uhdkc{uk

Fluts tsk}? Fkgs{uk @hckb cktlji

Li salt tsk}" th`khik zlbb blts gbb sak fkgs{ukt sak }uhc{ds(thfszguk zlbb agvk gic

sak ukbgslhital} ekszkki saktk fkgs{ukt) Salt tsk} sak cktljiku zlbb dbkgu zags nlic hf

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij salt }uhc{ds(thfszguk zlbb agvk) Fligbb|" gfsku salt cktljiku

fliltakc sak cktljilij zhun" g fkgs{uk @hckb dgi ek {tkc)

Tkdhic tsk}? Fkgs{uk @hckb sh UktsuldslhiB

Li salt tsk}" salt cktljiku zlbb sugitbgsk sak Fkgs{uk @hckb sh UktsuldslhiB) Gt sak

tg`k sl`k" cktljiku zlbb jlvk sak tsu{ds{uk hf sak }uhjug`) Sak cktljiku gbth tah{bc

t}kdlf| `ksahct" dbgttkt) Blnk gi gudalskds }uhvlckt g eb{k}ulis hf g e{lbclij" kvku|

cksglb tah{bc ek lidb{ckc li salt tsk})

Sak bgts tsk}? L`}bk`kisgslhi

Fhu salt tsk}" sak l`}bk`kisgslhi zhun lt fhu g }uhfkttlhigb }uhjug``ku sh flbb

sak zahbk tsu{ds{uk zlsa dhck) Blnk g e{lbcku e{lbc g e{lbclij gddhuclij sh sak

eb{k}ulis cktljikc e| sak gudalskds) Salt sgtn lt fhu }uhjug``ku sh flilta)

4)3)5 Kqg`}bk fhu @ksahchbhj|

Li salt kqg`}bk" g Dh`}uktt & Ckdh`}uktt Thfszguk zlbb ek cktljikc)

Ekbhz guk th`k fkgs{ukt hf salt thfszguk?

Clffkukis Dh`}ukttlhi gic Ckdh`}ukttlhi gbjhulsa`t sh clffkukis s|}kt hf flbk)

Saukk `hckt fhu dh`}ukttlhi gic ckdh`}ukttlhi? T}kkc" @lccbk gic Tlk)

]kufhu`gidk zlbb ek l`}uhvkc fhu kgda clffkukis dh`}{sku)

Hik hu tkvkugb flbkt zlbb ek {tkc sh tshuk sak }kufhu`gidk lifhu`gslhi fhu kgda

liclvlc{gb dh`}{sku) Zalda `kgit fhu clffkukis dh`}{sku sak ekts dhiflj{ugslhi

4;


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hf }kufhu`gidk zlbb ek clffkukis)

H}sl`lk sak dh`}{skut zlsa @{bsl-]uhdktthu(Dhuk

Tsk} hik? Fkgs{uk `hckb cktlji

Li salt tsk}" th`khik zlbb blts gbb sak fkgs{ukt sak }uhc{ds(thfszguk zlbb agvk gic sakukbgslhital} ekszkki saktk fkgs{ukt) Salt tsk} sak cktljiku zlbb dbkgu zags nlic hf

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij salt }uhc{ds(thfszguk zlbb agvk) Fligbb|" gfsku salt cktljiku

fliltakc sak cktljilij zhun" g fkgs{uk @hckb dgi ek {tkc) Gddhuclij sh sak egtld

fkgs{ukt ukw{lukc" g cktljiku zlbb cktlji g Fkgs{uk `hckb)

Fkgs{ukt?

Dh`}ukttlhi? @kclg Dh`}ukttlhi7" @kclg Dh`}ukttlhi7" Skqs Dh`}ukttlhi7"

Skqs Dh`}ukttlhi5" Jkikugb Dh`}ukttlhi7" Jkikugb Dh`}ukttlhi5" A|eulc

Dh`}ukttlhi" @{bsl-]uhdktthu dh`}ukttlhi)

Ckdh`}ukttlhi? @kclg Ckdh`}uktt7" @kclg Ckdh`}ukt5" Skqs Ckdh`}ukttlhi

7" Skqs Ckdh`}ukttlhi 5" Jkikugb Ckdh`}ukttlhi7" Jkikugb Ckdh`}ukttlhi 5"@{bsl-]uhdktthu Ckdh`}ukttlhi)

Flbk s|}kt? G{clh flbk" L`gjk flbk" Skqs flbk" Vlckh flbk)

Dh`}ukttlhi & Ckdh`}ukttlhi @hck? T}kkc" @lccbk gic Tlk) !Saktk saukk

zlbb agvk saukk Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{ukt fhu kgda" zalda zlbb bkgc sh hik hu tkvkugb

}kufhu`gidk }uhflbk flbk sh akb} ch dhiflj{ugslhi,

Flj{uk =)7< Fkgs{uk `hckb fhu dh`}ukttlhi gic ckdh`}ukttlhi t|tsk`

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Tsk} szh? Fkgs{uk `hckb sh UktsuldslhiB

UktsuldslhiB lt gt fhbbhzlij tahzt?

2Uktsuldslhi9

2Dh`}ukttlhi92u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 T}kkc GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0 Tlijbk ]uhdktthu2(lf9

2uktsulds9TkgudaFlbk0]kufhu`gidk]uhflbk)cgs"]gug`kskut0jksS|}k!,2(uk

tsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 T}kkc GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0@{bls-]uhdktthu2(lf9

2uktsulds9TkgudaFlbk0]kufhu`gidk]uhflbk5)cgs"]gug`kskut0jksS|}k!,2(uktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 @lbccbk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0 Tlijbk

]uhdktthu2(lf9


tsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 @lccbk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0@{bls-]uhdktthu2(lf9

2uktsulds9TkgudaFlbk0]kufhu`gidk]uhflbk5)cgs"]gug`kskut0jksS|}k!,2(u

ktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 Tlk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0 Tlijbk ]uhdktthu2(lf9


tsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 Tlk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0@{bls-]uhdktthu2(lf9


ktsulds9

2(u{bk9

4:


46/56

41

2( Dh`}ukttlhi 9

2 Ckdh`}ukttlhi 9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 T}kkc GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0 Tlijbk ]uhdktthu2(lf9


tsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 T}kkc GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0@{bls-]uhdktthu2(lf9


ktsulds9

2(u{bk92u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 @lbccbk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0 Tlijbk

]uhdktthu2(lf9


tsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 @lccbk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0@{bls-]uhdktthu2(lf9


ktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 Tlk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0 Tlijbk ]uhdktthu2(lf9


tsulds92(u{bk9

2u{bk9

2lf9@hck!, 0 Tlk GIC T|tsk`Lifh!, 0@{bls-]uhdktthu2(lf9


ktsulds9

2(u{bk9

2( Ckdh`}ukttlhi 9

2(Uktsuldslhi9


47/56

3) Kvgb{gslhi

Li salt Dag}sku" zk zh{bc blnk sh kvgb{gsk h{u thb{slhi sh tkk zaksaku ls dgi thbvk sak

kq}kdskc }uhebk` hu ihs) Li h{u kvgb{gslhi" zk kvgb{gsk h{u thb{slhi ehsa li sakhu| zg|gic li }ugdsldk)

3)7 Kvgb{gslhi fhu Fkgs{uk @hckb zlsa Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{ukt

Gt zk tks sak cktljilij jhgb" ls lt kgt| sh flj{uk h{s sags sak sakhu| tah{bc gdalkvk gbb

sak }uk-ukw{kts)

Egtkc hi sak l`}bk`kisgslhi fuh` tkdslhi4)4" zk dgi jlvk gi kvgb{gslhi?

T|tsk` d{uukis tsgsk? \kt" ls dgi dakdn sak d{uukis tsgsk hf sak t|tsk`> sak

lifhu`gslhi geh{s sak `kclg s|}k lt sak hik hf sak t|tsk` lifhu`gslhi)

Ukth{udk dhiclslhi? \kt" sak egic-zlcsa lt g ukth{udk dhiclslhi) Gt zkvk }uhvlckc

li sak l`}bk`kisgslhi)

Dh`}hikist dhèligslhi lifhu`gslhi? \kt" zk agvk }uhvlckc salt lifhu`gslhi li

h{u uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt)

Dh`}hikist uktsuldslhi lifhu`gslhi? \kt" sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk lt cktljikc fhu sags

}{u}htk)

]gug`ksku vgb{k? \kt" fuh` sak cktlji hf h{u Fkgs{uk `hckb salt lt dgi ek }uhvlckc)

]ulhuls| fhu dhèligslhi? Salt f{idslhi zhunt li sakhu|" e{s li sak kqg`}bk zk zkuk

ihs gebk sh lidb{ck ls" th salt hik ikkct f{s{uk zhun)

Tkw{kidk fhu dhèligslhi? Salt f{idslhi zhunt li sakhu|" e{s li sak kqg`}bk zkzkuk ihs gebk sh lidb{ck ls" th salt hik ikkct f{s{uk zhun)

Saki" zk dgi flbb sak kvgb{gslhi sgebk gt?

Lifhu`gslhi s|}k Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk

T|tsk` d{uukis tsgsk \KT

Ukth{udk dhiclslhi \KT

Dh`}hikist dhèligslhi lifhu`gslhi \KT

Dh`}hikist uktsuldslhi lifhu`gslhi \KT

]gug`ksku vgb{k \KT]ulhuls| fhu dhèligslhi !Ihs lidb{ckc li Kq),

Tkw{kidk fhu dhèligslhi !Ihs lidb{ckc li Kq),

Sgebk 3)73? Kvgb{gslhi fhu` fhu sakhu|

Fhu zags ckflikc gs sak ekjliilij hf salt }uhokds" sak fluts tsk} lt sh flic sak

thb{slhi zalda zhunt li sakhu|) Sak thb{slhi fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij li fkgs{uk `hckb

zk fh{ic gfsku uktkgudalij lt uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk) Gt tahzi li 4)7)7" tl`}b| t}kgnlij"

sak thb{slhi uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk lt g zg| dhitlckut sak uktsuldslhi ukbgslhital} ekszkki

fkgs{ukt gt g fkgs{uk) Saktk uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt dhisglit vku| l`}husgis lifhu`gslhi

zalda zlbb ek sak nk| fhu sak t|tsk` sh `gnk sak kvgb{gslhi fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij)Gt tahzi li 4)7)7" salt }{s h{u sakhu| li g vlckh }bg|ku) Li salt thfszguk `hckb"

4


48/56

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij zgt {tkc li Egic-zlcsa gic Ckdhcku" @kclg fhu`gs gic

Ckdhcku gic Ckdhcku gic Vlt{gb kffkds) Fhu` sak kvgb{gslhi fhu` zk dgi flj{uk h{s

sags sak li sak dgtk zk ts{clkc gdalkvk gb`hts gbb sak lsk`t) Hib| sak ]ulhuls| fhu

dh`eligslhi zk dgiihs skts ls zlsali salt kqg`}bk)

Saktk fkgs{ukt zlbb ek dhiikdskc li dkusgli zg| gic saklu ukbgslhital} tah{bc ekdbgulflkc) Fhu salt vlckh }bg|ku" sak lifhu`gslhi ls zlbb zgis sh nihz guk Zalda

ckdhcku tah{bc ek dahtki li dkusgli egic-zlcsa dhiclslhi8" Zalda ckdhcku tah{bc

ek dahtki fhu dkusgli `kclg fhu`gs8 gic Zags kffkdst dgi gcc zaki dkusgli hik

ckdhcku lt li {tlij8

Sak ukw{luk`kis li salt kqg`}bk lt dbkgu" gic sak uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk }uhvlckt

zags ukw{lukc)

Akidk" gt salt `hckb tahzt" salt thb{slhi agt sak }uht}kdslvk f{idslhi) Gbsah{ja

salt thb{slhi }httleb| agt dkusgli bl`lsgslhit zalda zkuk ihs fh{ic li salt `hckb" salt

`hckb }uhvkt sags ls zhunt li th`k `hckbt)

3)5Kvgb{gslhi fhu UktsuldslhiB

Egtkc hi sak L`}bk`kisgslhi hi sak l`}bk`kisgslhi li tkdslhi 4)4 sak Thus & Tgvk

T|tsk`)

Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk? \kt" sak fkgs{ukt geh{s Thus gic Cgsgs|}k zlbb ek dhiikdskc

shjksaku {icku sak u{bk hf Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk)

GIC gic HU? \kt" sak ck`h dhck agt tahzi ls dgi zhun zkbb)

Dh`}gulthi!00"20"90"9"2 gic '0,? \kt" sak| gbb zhun zkbb li sak

ck`h dhck)

C|ig`ld f{idslhi dgbb? \kt" li sak ck`h dhck" sak t|tsk` zlbb dgbb g `ksahc

c|ig`ld" zalda `kgit sak dgbb lt ckdlckc gs u{isl`k)

Ihsgslhi? \kt" zk o{ts {tk sak u{bk hf Q@B sh ch ihsgslhi li h{u UktsuldslhiB)

L`}huslij flbk? \kt" sak UktsuldslhiB agt sak f{idslhi hf l`}huslij hik hu tkvkugb

flbkt)

Sak kvgb{gslhi hf sak UktsuldslhiB?

UktsuldslhiB f{idslhi Thb{slhi

Uktsuldslhi Fkgs{uk \KT

%GIC% Ukbgslhi \KT

%HU% Ukbgslhi \KT%00% Dh`}gulthi \KT

%90% Dh`}gulthi \KT

%20% Dh`}gulthi \KT

%9% Dh`}gulthi \KT

%2% Dh`}gulthi \KT

%'0% Dh`}gulthi \KT

C|ig`ld f{idslhi dgbb \KT

Ihsgslhi \KT

L`}huslij flbk \KTsgebk7;

3=


49/56

Egtkc hi sak }uhjug` zk agc cktljikc" zk dgi jks flbb sak kvgb{gslhi fhu` gehvk) Gt

tahzi" salt UktsuldslhiB thb{slhi dgi gdalkvk gbb sak ukw{luk`kist sags zk tks gs fluts)

Kffldlkid| & Uhe{tsiktt? Saktk guk szh vku| l`}husgis gt}kdst sh kvgb{gslhi

geh{s salt thb{slhi" e{s ls lt l`}httlebk sh jlvk gi kvgb{gslhi zlsah{s g ukgb }ugdsldk li

dhck bkvkb sh saktk szh gt}kdst) Saktk szh gt}kdst ikkct f{usaku zhun hi ls)

3)4 Jkikugbls|

Zk agvk cktljikc g UktsuldslhiB fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" li hucku sh vkulf| h{u

UktsuldslhiB dgi zhun t{ddkttf{bb|" zkvk g}}blkc ls hi szh t`gbb }uhjug`t? thus &

tgvk t|tsk` gic Dh`}ukttlhi & Ckdh`}ukttlhi t|tsk`) Gt kq}kdskc" sak

UktsuldslhiB zhunt zkbb hi salt g}}bldgslhi) Sak jhgb lt sh cktlji g UktsuldslhiB fhu

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" sags `kgit salt UktsuldslhiB tah{bc ek g {ilvkutgb bgij{gjk" ls lt

ihs hib| dgi ek {tkc hi sak thus gic tgvk kqg`}bk" e{s gbth dgi ek {tkc hi hsaku

g}}bldgslhit zalda agvk gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Sakukfhuk" salt UktsuldslhiB lt g {ilvkutgbthb{slhi shzguc salt sh}ld)

Akuk" tahzt gihsaku kqg`}bk zalda agt gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Zalda lt g vlckh

}bg|ku gt zk `kislhikc ekfhuk" salt }bg|ku dgi ehsa }bg| bhdgb `kclg gic hiblik `kclg)

Zaki ls }bg|t bhdgb kclg" gddhuclij sh sak kclg fhu`gs !U@VE" Z@V" ksd, ls tah{bc

dahhtk clffkukis `ksahc !clffkukis `ksahc {tlij clffkukis ckdhcku, sh }bg| sak `kclg)

Zaki ls sulkt sh }bg| hiblik `kclg" gddhuclij sh clffkukis egiczlcsa" ls tah{bc gbth

dahhtk clffkukis `ksahc sh }bg|)

Li hucku sh l`}bk`kis salt }bg|ku e| {tlij UktsuldslhiB" ls lt ikdkttgu| sh tk}gugsk

sak zhun lish szh }gust? hik }gus lt fhu cktljiku" alt zhun guk cktlji fkgs{uk `hckb fhu

salt }uhjug`" }httlebk uktsuldslhit gic l`}bk`kis gbb sak `ksahct sags guk ikkckc li

UktsuldslhiB" sak hsaku }gus lt fhu sak UktsuldslhiB zulsku zahtk zhun lt o{ts sh {tlij h{u

UktsuldslhiB sh zulsk g chd{`kis)

Fluts" ls lt cltd{ttlhi geh{s sak zhun chik e| cktljiku) Cktljiku tah{bc cktlji sak

fkgs{uk `hckb hf salt }uhjug` gs fluts> sak fkgs{uk `hckb lt gt flj{uk 7 tahzt) Sak

}httlebk uktsuldslhi fkgs{ukt guk li sak cgtakc fug`k) Saki sak cktljiku tah{bc

l`}bk`kis gbb sak `ksahct zalda zlbb ek {tkc" gic }{s sak` li g dbgtt" t{}}htk salt

dbgtt ig`k lt @ksahctTks) Salt dbgtt `g| bhhn blnk salt?

Dbgtt @ksahctTks ~

}{ebld bhdgb]bg|!,~[tk Ogvg ukfbkdslhi gic dgbb sak `ksahc li Dbgtt UktsuldslhiB sh }gutk

UktsuldslhiB flbk)

p

}{ebld bhdgb]bg|!,~

[tk Ogvg ukfbkdslhi gic dgbb sak `ksahc li Dbgtt UktsuldslhiB sh }gutk

UktsuldslhiB flbk)

p

}{ebld vhlc bhdgb]bg|7!,~

[tk ckdhcku 7

p

37


50/56


[tk ckdhcku 5

p


[tk ckdhcku 4p

}{ebld vhlc hiblik]bg|7!,~

[tk ckdhcku 3

p


[tk ckdhcku ;

p


[tk ckdhcku 6

p}{ebld Tsulij o{cjkBhdgb@kclgS|}k!,~

p

}{ebld Tsulij o{cjkEgiczlcsa!,~

p

p

35


51/56

Sak ikqs tsk} fhu sak cktljiku sh ch lt cksku`lik sak zhunfbhz hf sak t|tsk`" sak

zhunfbhz hf sak vlckh }bg|ku lt blnk salt?

Saki sak t}guk zhun lt fhu sak UktsuldslhiB zulsku" ak tah{bc fhbbhz sak fkgs{uk sukk gic

sak zhunfbhz hf sak }uhjug`" {tlij h{u UktsuldslhiB u{bkt sh zulsk g fhu`gb

UktsuldslhiB chd{`kis" sak UktsuldslhiB hf salt vlckh }bg|ku `g| bhhn blnk salt?

Fuh` salt kqg`}bk" zk dgi tkk h{u UktsuldslhiB lt jkikugb hu {ilvkutgb> ls dgi ek

34


52/56

33

g}}blkc hi hsaku gcg}slvk dh`}{slij }uhjug`t) Zaki {tlij h{u UktsuldslhiB" o{ts

fhbbhz sak gehvk tsk}t zk agvk }uktkiskc" `gnk t{uk sak UktsuldslhiB flbkt hek| h{u

UktsuldslhiB u{bkt) Gt sak kqg`}bkt tahzi" salt UktsuldslhiB lt g {ilvkutgb thb{slhi fhu

salt }uhebk`) Th fgu" zk dgi {tk h{u UktsuldslhiB sh thbvk gbb sak thfszguk gic t|tsk`

zk agvk gs agic)

3)3 Uhe{tsiktt gic Kffldlkid|

Geh{s Uhe{tsiktt" gt fgu gt sak l`}bk`kisgslhi zk agvk chik) Salt thb{slhi lt uhe{ts

th fgu" gt sak dhck zk agvk }uhvlckc li sak kqg`}bk? Thus & Tgvk T|tsk`) Ahzkvku ls

lt ikdkttgu| sh ch `huk sktst li bgujku tdgbk thfszguk hu t|tsk`t) Zk agvk ihs jhs sags

`{da ukth{udk gic sl`k sh ch f{usaku sktst li bgujk tdgbk thfszguk) Sakukfhuk" c{k sh

salt bl`lsgslhi zk dgi ihs o{ts dh`k sh sak dhidb{tlhi sags salt thb{slhi lt uhe{ts) E{s"

th fgu" ls lt uhe{ts)

Kffldlkid|" c{k sh sak dagugdsku sak t|tsk`t agvk sh ukgc hik hu tkvkugb kqskuigbflbkt sh `gnk dhiflj{ugslhi gic uk-dhiflj{ugslhi" salt zlbb lifb{kidk sak kffldlkid| hf

sak zahbk t|tsk`) Sak hvkuakgc zlbb juhz zaki ls dh`kt sh bgujku tdgbk t|tsk`t)

Sakukfhuk sak kffldlkid| lt ihs jhhc) E{s salt dh`}uh`ltk ekszkki }kufhu`gidk gic

f{idslhi tah{bc ek `gck li salt thb{slhi)


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;) Dhidb{tlhit gic F{s{uk zhun

Li salt dag}sku" zk zh{bc blnk sh tsgsk h{u dhidb{tlhit gic cltd{tt sak f{s{uk zhun sags

`g| ek fgdkc)

;)7 Dhidb{tlhit

Fkgs{uk `hckb gic gcg}slvk dh`}{slij guk szh tk}gugsk skdailw{kt sags agvk ekki

uktkgudakc gic }kufkds e| sak uktkgudakut) Fkgs{uk `hckb lt gi getsugds lbb{tsugslhi

zalda lt fhu`kc e| g tkulkt hf fkgs{ukt> kgda fkgs{uk dhiikdst sh hsaku fkgs{ukt

gddhuclij sh sak t}kdlfld ukbgslhit ekszkki sak`) Gic gcg}slvk dh`}{slij fhd{tkt hi

sak `ksahchbhj| gic l`}bk`kisgslhi hf t|tsk`t sags ls gco{tst lstkbf sh clffkukis

tls{gslhit) Gi gcg}slvk t|tsk` `g| dagijk lst hzi ekagvlhu sh sak jhgbt" sgtnt"

liskuktst" gic hsaku fkgs{ukt hf liclvlc{gb {tkut gic sak kivluhi`kis) Gcg}slvkb| lt

l`}husgis fhu {elw{lsh{t gic }kuvgtlvk dh`}{slij)

E| dh`elik saktk szh tk}gugsk skdailw{kt" ls dh`kt {} g ikz skdailw{k? Fkgs{uk

`hckblij fhu gcg}slvk dh`}{slij" zalda zkvk ekki zhunlij hi) Li salt saktlt" h{u

zhun lt egtkc hi Fkgs{uk `hckblij gic Gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Th fluts zk e{lbc g `hckb

fhu fkgs{uk sukkt" gt tahzi li 5)4) Saki zk livktsljgsk kqltslij `hckbt gic cugz saklu

fkgs{uk sukkt gddhuclij sh sak `hckb) Zk tkbkds hik hf saktk `hckbt zalda agvk

c|ig`ld gcg}sgslhit" sags lt g Vlckh ]bg|ku zalda dgi ehsa }bg| bhdgb `kclg gic tsukg`

`kclg)

Gfsku gigb|tlt gic uktkguda hi sak vlckh }bg|ku `hckb" zk flic g `ksahc zaldadh{bc ek {tkc sh kq}uktt sak gcg}slvk lifhu`gslhi hf g fkgs{uk `hckb) Sak `ksahc zk

flic lt sh e{lbc g ikz nlic hf fkgs{uk--Uktsuldslhi fkgs{uk fhu sak `hckb zalda agt

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij) Ls lt g nlic hf fkgs{uk fhu fkgs{ukt !gds{gbb| sak t{ddktthu fkgs{uk hf

fkgs{ukt," sak thb{slhi fhu sak }uhebk` sags salt saktlt tah{bc thbvk lt sh gcc g t{ddktthu

fkgs{uk sh sak fkgs{uk zalda `g| ikkc th`k uktsuldslhi u{bkt li hucku sh gdalkvk

gcg}slvk dh`}{slij gs u{i sl`k) E| zhunlij gs salt t}kdlfld kqg`}bk" zk t{``gulk g

dhidb{tlhi" gic saki jkikugblk ls sh `gnk ls g}}bldgebk sh vgulh{t kislslkt)

G ikz UktsuldslhiB lt cktljikc fhu kq}ukttlij c|ig`ld gcg}sgslhit sh sak fkgs{uk

`hckb) Sak UktsuldslhiB lt egtkc hi Q@B fhu`gs gic gddh`}gi| zlsa th`k kqsug

t|isgq zalda agt ekki }uktkiskc li tkdslhi 4)5) Szh Ogvg dbgttkt guk gbth vku|

l`}husgis tlidk sak| guk {tkc fhu }gutlij gic gigb|lij sak UktsuldslhiB chd{`kist)

Gt sahtk g}}bldgslhit li dag}sku 4 gic 3 tahzt" sak UktsuldslhiB zhunt zkbb gic ls lt

jkikugblkc)

Sa{t" sak zhun zk chik guk t{ddkttf{b) E{s ls dgi ihs ckskds zaksaku salt thb{slhi

lt kffldlkis sh gbb sak `hckbt) Li f{s{uk" zk `g| kqg`lik h{u thb{slhi sh flic lst

kffldlkis)

;)5 F{s{uk zhun

Zk fligbb| thbvk sak }uhebk`) C{ulij h{u zhun hi ls" zk fh{ic g fkz f{usaku }uhebk`t"

3;


54/56

36

e{s c{k sh sak bl`lskc sl`k zk agvk" zk clc ihs thbvk sak`) ]kuag}t zk dgi thbvk

sak` li f{s{uk)

Sak f{usaku kqg`lik hf salt thb{slhi

Zags zk }uhvlck li salt thb{slhi `g|ek agt cltflj{uk`kis hu bl`lsgslhi zalda zk clc

ihs eulij lish dhitlckugslhi) Ls*t clffld{bs sh gitzku zaksaku salt thb{slhi zlbb fls gbbtls{gslhit) Sakukfhuk" f{usaku kqg`lik li `huk clffkukis `hckbt zlbb tahzt sak ukt{bs)

L`}uhvk`kist

Gbsah{ja sak thb{slhi dgi flj{uk h{s `gi| fkgs{uk `hckbt sh g}}uhgda gcg}slvk

dh`}{slij" sakuk guk tslbb szh `gli cltflj{uk`kist li salt thb{slhi)

7) Sakuk lt ih kvlckidk sktslflkt sags salt thb{slhi lt kffldlkis hu ihs) Sakukfhuk"

sakuk `g| ek th`k l`}uhvk`kis zhun sh ch sh `gnk salt thb{slhi ek kffldlkis)

5) Lst gi kgt| thb{slhi e{s `g| ihs g t{ffldlkis thb{slhi fhu th`k t}kdlgb `hckbt)

Li sak f{s{uk zk `g| g`kblhugsk salt thb{slhi sh `gnk ls ek g t{ffldlkis thb{slhi

fhu gbb `hckbt)

4) Kqskic sak UktsuldslhiB f{idslhi? ls zlbb ek ikdkttgu| sh kqskic sak f{idslhihf h{u UktsuldslhiB" sakuk `ljas ek th`k vku| {tkf{b f{idslhi zk agvk ihs

dhitlckukc li h{u thb{slhi) Hidk gjgli" salt l`}uhvk`kis hu kqskitlhi zhun

dgi ek chik c{ulij f{usaku kqg`lik zhun)

3) Salt UktsuldslhiB thb{slhi lt egtkc hi Q@B" e{s hsaku bgij{gjk `g|ek gbth

ek jhhc fhu salt thb{slhi zalda `g|ek `huk kffldlkis gic t{ffldlkis)

Egtkc sak dhitlckugslhi hf kffldlkid| gic t{ffldlkid|" sakuk }httlelbls| ek

l`}uhvk`kis hu dh`}bk`kisgulb| zhun sh ch fhu salt thb{slhi) Li sak f{s{uk" zk `g|

t}kic sl`k hi saktk gt}kdst)


55/56

Eleblhjug}a|

^7P Akbtlinl Litsls{sk fhu Lifhu`gslhi Skdaihbhj| ^hiblik? zkeP

[UB? ass}?((zzz)alls)fl(gcg}slvk-dh`}{slij" 5==:)77)71)^5P ]k|`gi Hukl| gic @ldagkb @) Jhubldn" Gi Gudalskds{uk-egtkc G}}uhgda sh tkbf

Gcg}slvk Thfszguk" 7


56/56

@gsk`gsltng hda t|tsk`skniltng litsls{slhiki

TK-4;7

feature modeling for adaptive computing by tao xiaoming jiang

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