fdr's new deal.ppt

8/14/2019 FDR's New Deal.ppt

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United States Great Depression(Unemployment)


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Roosevelts 100 dayswas very

successful.FDR and Congresswent to work providing fordirect relief, recoveryand

reform.

From March of 1933 to June of1933, Roosevelt sent 15

proposalsto Congress and all15 were adopted

Congress and President triedanything reasonableto

overcome the GreatDepression.

100 days


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NEW DEAL CARTOON

Govt. programs which provided direct

relief to suffering Americans throughgovt. spending Renew democracy Restore confidence in the banking Stimulate economy Put people back to work

Relief:ease suffering of the needyRecovery:begin economic growth

Reform:help prevent futureeconomic crises

How? FDRs 3 Rs

Social EngineersBrain Trust


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alphabet

Part of FDRs NewDealAgencies

created by the USGovt. to bring about

the 3 RsRelief,Recovery, and

Reform.


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WPA / 1933 to 1943Works Progress Administration

Employed 8.5 million workers inconstruction and other jobs, butmore importantly provided work

in arts, theater, and literaryprojects.

alphabet

RELIEF: Ease Suffering of the Needy


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Works ProgressAdministration (WPA),

the New Dealsmainreliefagency.

People employed by theWPA at its peak wasmore than 3 million

2,500 hospitals

5,900 schools

13,000 playgrounds

125,000 public buildings

wpa


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CCC / 1933 to 1942Civilian Conservation CorpsSent 3 million young men to work campsto build bridges, replant forests and other

conservation tasks.Develop job skills and improve

environment.Removed surplus of workers from cities,

provided healthy conditions for boys,provided money for families.

alphabet



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Created in April 1933.

Within 4 months, 1300 CCCcamps were in operation.

300,000 men in 1933 betweenages 18 and 25

Signed up for 6 months andmade $30.00 a month.

1933 and 1941 over 3,000,000men served in the CCC .

Goal: Keep teenage young

men off the street and awayfrom the job market.

Develop job skills and improveenvironment


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Planted trees, built public parks, drainedswamps to fight malaria, restocked rivers with

fish, worked on flood control projects and a

range of other work that helped to conserve theenvironment.


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HOLC / 1933Home Owners Loan Corporation

Prevented mortgageforeclosures. US Govt. bought upmortgages and refinanced themso that homeowners could pay

their mortgages.

alphabet



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NIRA / 1933National Industrial Recovery Act

Called the National Recovery Act..

Created NRA to enforce codes of faircompetition and minimum wages.

Created NRA to enforce codes of fair

competition, minimum wages, and to permitcollective bargaining of workers.

alphabet

RECOVERY: Begin Economic Growth


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Helped businesses

organize codes settingprices and minimum wage.

Put people back to work atdecent jobs, wages and

working conditions.

Businesses were notforced to join this.

Declared unconstitutionalby the Supreme Court in1935 because it violated

laissez faire.


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AAA / 1933Agricultural Adjustment Act

alphabet


Protected farmers fromprice dropsand

over production..US Govt. Paid farmers(subsidies) not togrow crops, produce dairy products suchas milk and butter or raise pigs and

lambs.Prevent another Dust Bowl, teachfarmers methods of preventing soilerosion.


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AAA / 1933Agricultural Adjustment Act

Protected farmers from pricedrops by providing crop subsidies

to reduce production,

educational programs to teachmethods of preventing soil

erosion.alphabet



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TVA 1933Tennessee Valley Authority

Federal government built a series of dams toprevent flooding and sold electricity.

First public competition with private power

industries.Federal government built a series of dams to

prevent flooding and sell electricity in the South.

alphabet



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Develop a poor section of theSoutheast U.S.

Stimulate the economy andproduce cheap electricity.

Control floods, planting newforests.

Bring this section into the20thcentury.

TVA

94 percentof property owners and 98 percent oftenants did not have electricity.

30 percentof property owners and 41 percent oftenants had no toilet facilities whatsoever


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65 percentof property ownersand 78 percentof tenants had

to travel at least 300 yards toget their household water.

8 percentof property ownersand 3 percentof tenants

owned radios (usually batteryoperated).

39 percentof property ownersand 23 percentof tenants hadphonographs (including record

players that were operatedwith a hand crank).

TVA


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50 percentof property

owners and 25 percentoftenants read newspapers.


owners and 16 percentoftenants owned automobiles.


owners and 4 percentoftenants owned trucks.

TVA


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TVA MAP


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TVA CRITICISM


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Created federally insured bank deposits($2500 per investor at first) to prevent bank

failures.

Glass-Steagall Act created federally insuredbank deposits ($2500 per investor at first) toprevent bank failures.

alphabet

REFORM:Prevent Another Depression

FDIC / 1933Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation


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Regulated stock market

and restricted marginbuying, and frauds.alphabet


SEC / 1934Securities and Exchange

Commission


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Reaffirmed labor's right tounionize, prohibited unfair

labor practices, and createdthe National Labor Relations

Board.alphabet


Wagner Act / 1935National Labor Relations Act


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One of the most importantfeatures of the New Deal.

Established a retirement forpersons over 65 funded by a tax

on wages paid equally byemployee and employer.

Old age insurance

Protect Americans who wereunable to support themselves.

Unemployment compensation

Compensation to disabledworkers and assistance to

widows and children


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25% to 40%of workers

out of work

Was able tolower it to

14%


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100 days

Criticisms of New DealUS government and President too powerful

Violated laissez faire

Supreme Court declared NIRA and AAAunconstitutional

Critics:Father Charles Coughlin

Dr. Francis Townsend

Deficit spending: Govt. spends $$$ to stimulate theeconomy and help people even if it means US Govt.goes into debt.Welfare state----Created a population of Americanswho relied on the US Govt. to live


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Believed an international conspiracy of bankersexisted and FDR was influenced by them.

He called for the nationalization of banks and utilities.(US Govt. controls banks, Socialism)

Fascist; Anti-Semitic overtones.

A Roman Catholicpriest.

Radio Priest in Detroit Michigan.

Criticized FDR in weekly radioprogram.

10 million listeners.

Criticized FDRs farm program


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Spending all $200 would also be required to boosteconomic demand.

Townsend Clubs created all over the nation.

Influenced FDRs creation of Social Security

He wanted the government to help

older citizens.Retired California Physician.

Suggested a $200 per monthpensionfor people over 60.

(This is socialism)

Open jobs for the youngerunemployed.


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Successes of New Deal

100 days

Stimulated the economy

Put people back to work.

Improved morale and self-confidence of the peopleUS Governments role changes and becamedirectly involved in helping people


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SocialismGreen PartyCommunism

Democrat IndependentReform

Republican KKK

LEFT CENTER RIGHT

Anarchy Radical Liberal Moderate Conservative Reactionary Fascist

No GovtDictator

The New Dealwalked a tightrope between the extremepositions of the left and right.

Criticswould claim it was unconstitutional, socialism,anti-laissez faire and went too far to the left.

Otherswould claim the New Dealdidnt go far enoughto the left


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Supreme Court was strikingdown New Deal legislation.

Roosevelt proposed a bill toallow the president to name a

new federal judge for eachwho did not retire by age 70

and 1/2.

6 justices over age limit.

Would have increased thenumber of justices from 9 to15, giving FDR a majority of

his own appointees on thecourt.

The court-packing bill wasnot passed by Congress.

fdr's new deal.ppt

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