Fatigue is:Fatigue is: The Body’s “Downtime”

Follows a Period of:

• Extended mental activity

• Extended physical activity

Characterized by:

• Reduced capacity for work

• Reduced efficiency of brain function

Definition of FatigueDefinition of Fatigue

T – 7.22

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Causes of FatigueCauses of Fatigue

Emotional StressEmotional Stress

Sleep DisordersSleep Disorders

Body’s Natural “downtime”Body’s Natural “downtime”Midnight to 6 a.m.Midnight to 6 a.m.

1 p.m. to 3 p.m.1 p.m. to 3 p.m.

Disruption of Cicadian RhythmDisruption of Cicadian Rhythm

Extended Physical ActivityExtended Physical Activity

T – 7.23

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Physical Symptoms of FatiguePhysical Symptoms of Fatigue

Tired Muscles

General Body Sensation

of Tiredness

Sleepiness

Mental Dullness

T – 7.24

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Physical Symptoms of FatiguePhysical Symptoms of Fatigue

Localized Pain in Back of HeadLocalized Pain in Back of Head

Pain and Soreness in MusclesPain and Soreness in Muscles

Stiffness in JointsStiffness in Joints

Swelling of Hands and FeetSwelling of Hands and Feet

T – 7.25

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Mental Symptoms of FatigueMental Symptoms of Fatigue

Inability to Maintain AttentionInability to Maintain Attention

Impaired MemoryImpaired Memory

Failure to Grasp New IdeasFailure to Grasp New Ideas

Difficulty/Slowness in ReasoningDifficulty/Slowness in Reasoning

T – 7.26

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Delaying Fatigue OnsetDelaying Fatigue Onset

AvoidAvoid Long Drives Long Drives

AvoidAvoid Leaning Forward or Backward Leaning Forward or Backward

Keep Your Eyes MovingKeep Your Eyes Moving

Get Plenty of Fresh AirGet Plenty of Fresh Air

T – 7.27

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Delaying Fatigue SymptomsDelaying Fatigue Symptoms

• Change Drivers at Regular IntervalsChange Drivers at Regular Intervals

• Wear Your Safety BeltWear Your Safety Belt

• Avoid Getting AngryAvoid Getting Angry

• Adjust HVAC ProperlyAdjust HVAC Properly

T – 7.28

Topic 5 Lesson 1

Why do you think Virginia Why do you think Virginia has a Zero Tolerance Law has a Zero Tolerance Law for drivers under age 21?for drivers under age 21?

Why do some people Why do some people choose not to use alcohol choose not to use alcohol or other drugs?or other drugs?

Using or Not Using?Using or Not Using?

T – 7.1

Topic 1 Lesson 1

Your Choices and ResponsibilitiesYour Choices and Responsibilities

T – 7.1a

Topic 1 Lesson 1

Having a driver’s license involves more than just Having a driver’s license involves more than just knowing how to drive. It involvesknowing how to drive. It involves demonstratingdemonstrating responsible adult behaviors. responsible adult behaviors.

NO NO Thanks Thanks I’m DrivingI’m Driving

Responsibility:Responsibility:• starts with the starts with the

decisions you make;decisions you make;

• your ability to carefully your ability to carefully consider the potential consider the potential consequences of your consequences of your choices; andchoices; and

• acceptance of the acceptance of the financial responsibility financial responsibility for the harm you cause for the harm you cause yourself or others.yourself or others.

Virginia’s Zero Tolerance Law protect Virginia’s Zero Tolerance Law protect citizens from underage drinking and citizens from underage drinking and

driving.driving.

ZERO TOLERANCE

Cannot purchase, possess or consume alcohol under age 21

BAC 0.02 = DUI

BAC 0.02-0.08 =Suspension of driving privilege for 1 YEAR from date of conviction

AND

Minimum mandatory of $500 OR be required to complete at least 50 HOURS of community service

IMPLIED CONSENTWhen you sign for your

drivers license/permit, you are agreeing to take a breathalyzer if a police officer has reasonable cause to believe you are drinking and driving

FAILURE/REFUSAL TO DO SO=Automatic 7 DAY license suspension

AND

ARREST

OTHER PENALTIES FOR ALCOHOL VIOLATIONS

Under Age Possession of Alcohol:

1 year driving suspension AND

$500 minimum fine or complete at least 50 hours of community service

Evaluating Impairment InvolvesEvaluating Impairment Involves

• Making personal decisions about Making personal decisions about alcohol and the driving task alcohol and the driving task

• Analyzing the alcohol-related Analyzing the alcohol-related safety problemsafety problem

• Understanding the physiological Understanding the physiological and psychological effects of and psychological effects of alcohol on the driving taskalcohol on the driving task

• Studying the effects of other Studying the effects of other drugs on the driving taskdrugs on the driving task

• Understanding driver fatigue and Understanding driver fatigue and the dangers of road ragethe dangers of road rage

T – 7.3

Topic 1 Lesson 1

Impact of Alcohol Crashes on Virginians

T – 7.3a

Topic 2 Lesson 1

Alcohol Related Facts Virginia

2002

Alcohol-related Fatalities Total

Drivers

Passengers

Pedestrians

375

237

100

38

Total

Drivers

Passengers

Pedestrians

8,465

5,668

2,498

299

Alcohol-related Fatalities Total

Drivers

Passengers

Pedestrians

64

32

29

3

Alcohol-related Injuries Total

Drivers

Passengers

Pedestrians

1,470

791

644

35

ALL Persons ALL Persons KilledKilled

Young PeopleYoung People 15-20 Injured15-20 Injured

Young PeopleYoung People 15-20 Killed15-20 Killed

Virginia Statistics provided by DMV’s 2002 Crash Report

All PersonsAll Persons

InjuredInjured

Alcohol-related Injuries

Elimination RateElimination RateTopic 3 Lesson 1

T – 7.10

MythMythThe average person can tolerate one drink per The average person can tolerate one drink per hour without substantial impairment.hour without substantial impairment.

Facts•Sobriety returns ONLY with time.Sobriety returns ONLY with time.

•Alcohol is eliminated at approximately .015 BAC Alcohol is eliminated at approximately .015 BAC per hour.per hour.

Titanic PrincipleTitanic Principle

If you take in more than your system can pump If you take in more than your system can pump out, sooner or later you’ll sink!out, sooner or later you’ll sink!

Elimination RateElimination RateTopic 3 Lesson 1

T – 7.10a

ExampleExampleBased on 1 drink per hour for 6 hoursBased on 1 drink per hour for 6 hours

150 lb male150 lb male

BAC in (6 hr. x .03)BAC in (6 hr. x .03) = .18 = .18

BAC out (6 hr. x .015)BAC out (6 hr. x .015) = .09 = .09

BAC after 6 hr. (.18 - .09)BAC after 6 hr. (.18 - .09) = .09 BAC remaining = .09 BAC remaining

150 lb female150 lb female

BAC in (6 hr. x .033)BAC in (6 hr. x .033) = .198 = .198

BAC out (6 hr. x .015)BAC out (6 hr. x .015) = .09 = .09

BAC after 6 hr. (.198 - .09) = .108 BAC remainingBAC after 6 hr. (.198 - .09) = .108 BAC remaining

Elimination of AlcoholElimination of Alcohol

ELIMINATION PROCESSELIMINATION PROCESS

An adult male with normal liver function eliminates

BreathUrineSweat} 10% LIVER 90%

about 0.015 BAC per hour. Therefore: BAC of 0.05 = 3.5 hours for removal

BAC of 0.07 = 5.0 hours for removal

BAC of 0.10 = 7.0 hours for removal

BAC of 0.15 = 10.0 hours for removal

T – 7.10b

Topic 3 Lesson 1

0

0.05

0.1

0.15

0.2

9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1

HRS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16

Elimination RateElimination Rate

Stops Drinking at 12:30amStops Drinking at 12:30am

.16 = BAC Peak at 1 am.16 = BAC Peak at 1 am Still legally INTOXICATEDStill legally INTOXICATED (.08) at 6 am(.08) at 6 am

Still Still IMPAIREDIMPAIRED (.05) at (.05) at 9:30AM9:30AM

ABSORPTIONABSORPTION ELIMINATIONELIMINATION

BACBAC

T – 7.11

Topic 3 Lesson 1

Alcohol and Space ManagementAlcohol and Space Management

SearchingSearching•AlcoholAlcohol

•narrows the field of visionnarrows the field of vision•lessens visual acuitylessens visual acuity•impedes the ability to distinguish colorsimpedes the ability to distinguish colors•reduces the ability to rapidly change reduces the ability to rapidly change focus from close to farfocus from close to far•may produce double vision by relaxing may produce double vision by relaxing the muscles that control the eyesthe muscles that control the eyes•reduces the ability to judge distance reduces the ability to judge distance accuratelyaccurately

•After drinking, a driver may tend to stare at After drinking, a driver may tend to stare at the center line.the center line.

T – 7.15 – 7.16

Topic 4 Lesson 1

Alcohol and Space ManagementAlcohol and Space Management

T – 7.17

Topic 4 Lesson 2

Evaluating•Alcohol

•impairs judgment

•diminishes the ability to process multiple variables

•lessens the ability to concentrate

Alcohol and Space ManagementAlcohol and Space ManagementTopic 4 Lesson 2

T – 7.18

Executing•Alcohol

•causes changes in coordination

•slows reaction time

•affects the ability to judge distance

•a drinking driver may perceive something as further away than it is

•affects ability to judge speed

• drinking driver may be unable to judge speed of approaching traffic