1. Articles of Confederation2. Popular Sovereignty3. Consent of the Governed4. Separation of Powers5. Judicial Review6. Constitution7. Equal Protection8. Amendment9. Limited Government10. Override.

A. The first Constitution in the U.S.B. Rule by the PeopleC. People agree to have Gov’tD. Creates the three branchesE. The document that currently

protects our rightsF. The Supreme Court’s power over

all gov’tG. All people receive fair treatment

by lawH. A change to the Bill of RightsI. The reversal of a vetoJ. Gov’t has power, but can’t do

whatever it wants.

Warm-Up

Students will review material from Unit 2 in order to identify key vocabulary and major

concepts.

Agenda

• Objective and Warm-Up• INM: Unit 2 Material• GP: Game• IP: Review Packet Work Time• Exit Slip: None today

Agenda

• Unit II introduced the foundations of U.S. government.• There were 9 lessons in the Unit. – Political Theory– Declaration of Independence– Weaknesses in the Articles of Confederation– Principles of the Constitution– Constitutional Powers– Checks and Balances– Bill of Rights– Other Amendments

Unit 2: Foundations of U.S. Gov’t

• The basic principles of American government stem from the theories of John Locke and early documents such as the Magna Carta.

Political Theory

John Locke Magna Carta

• Thomas Jefferson wrote the Declaration of Independence in order to announce our separation from British rule.

• Based on liberty and consent of the governed—the idea that government gets power from the people.

• Stated that all men are created equal and deserve basic, or natural rights.

Declaration of Independence

• The Articles of Confederation was the first Constitution of the United States

• It is best known for its weaknesses.• The National Government could not:

• Collect taxes (no money for public services)• Couldn’t raise an army (no national defense)• Couldn’t regulate trade

Articles of Confederation

• The Constitution was created to solve the problems of the Articles of Confederation, while continuing to protect individual rights.

• It limited the power of government, while also giving more to the national level.

• It introduced several major principles:• Federalism• Separation of powers• Checks and balances• Judicial Review• Rule of Law

Principles of the Constitution

• There are five types of Constitutional Powers:– Delegated Powers – held by National Gov’t– Reserved Powers – held by the States– Concurrent Powers – held by both– Denied Powers – held by neither– Implied Powers – they aren’t written down, but

we know the gov’t has these powers (an example is the elastic clause)

Constitutional Powers

Constitutional Powers

NationalGovernment

StateGovernment

Delegated Powers

International WarfarePeace Treaties

International TradeNational HighwaysPost Office Issues

Reserved Powers

Public TransportationSchools

ElectionsStreets

• Checks and Balances limit the power of all three branches of government.

• The executive branch can veto laws created by the legislative branch.

• The legislative branch can override vetoes.• The judicial branch can use judicial review to

declare actions and laws illegal.• The legislative branch can also impeach a

president or judge.

Checks and Balances

• The first 10 amendments to the U.S. Constitution.

• Designed to limit the power of government and protect individual rights.– 1st Amendment: Free speech and freedom of

religion– 5th Amendment: Due process, Protection from

Double Jeopardy and Self-incrimination, as well as compensation for cases of Eminent Domain.

Bill of Rights

• After the Bill of Rights other amendments were added to protect people from state gov’t:– 13th Amendment: Abolished slavery– 14th Amendment: Provides Equal Protection– 15th Amendment: Allows men of color to vote– 19th Amendment: Gives women the right to vote

Other Amendments

Bust out the clickers.

It’s time to see what you know.

• 28. The U.S. Constitution corrected a weakness of the Articles of Confederation by

A. establishing a national legislature B. allowing state governments to have power C. requiring that amendments be approved by the statesD. giving the national government the power to collect taxes

Check for Understanding

• 31. Which of these is an example of separation of powers?

A. Representatives rewrite a bill in committee meetings.

B. Representatives hold hearings to hear public opinion.

C. The President enforces a law passed by Congress.D. The President fires a cabinet member who is

performing poorly.

Check for Understanding

• 34. Read the excerpt below.“In [creating] a government which is to be administered by men over men, the great difficulty lies in this: You must first enable the government to control the governed; and in the next place, [make it ]control itself.” --- The Federalist No. 51• Which of these principles is best reflected in the

excerpt?A. majority rule B. popular sovereignty C. limited government D. representative democracy

Check for Understanding

• 38. According to the U.S. Constitution, which of these actions is a power of the states?

A. coining money B. establishing post offices C. conducting elections D. raising an army

Check for Understanding

• 39. According to the U.S. Constitution, which of these actions is NOT a concurrent power?

A. levying taxes B. spending on public services C. creating laws D. regulate international trade

Check for Understanding

• Have your notes ready, as we get ready to play a game of…

Guided Practice

JEOPARDY!!!

• This game will not run like a traditional game of Jeopardy.

• You will be organized into teams, and each group will get a turn in order.

• The difference is that if a team gets an answer wrong, the FIRST team to get their answer in will win.

Guided Practice

• Use the remaining time in class to complete your Unit 1 and 2, or Unit 3 Review Packet.

• If you have any questions, please be sure to ask—your success is the most important thing in this classroom.

Independent Practice

• You must complete the Unit 1 and 2 Review Packets by Friday.

• You must complete the Unit 3 Review Packet by next Thursday.

HOMEWORK

• You must complete the Unit 1 and 2 Review Packets by Monday.

• You must complete the Unit 3 Review Packet by next Friday.A

DAY

B DA

Y

• Write a BCR on the following prompt:• What would be the best government system

and why?• Choose a government power system, such as

unitary, confederate, or federal.• Choose an economic system, such as mixed,

market, command or traditional.• Choose a type of government, such as

democracy or authoritarian.

Exit Slip