fascists and communists
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Fascists and Communists. 30.2 |The response to misery . The Soviet Union. From 1917 – 1991 The most durable 20 th century authoritarian government Seized power through revolution Not nationalistic, as it was an ideology Exportable: Western fears of “ Red Scare” - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Fascists and Communists30.2 |The response to misery
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The Soviet Union
From 1917 – 1991 The most durable 20th century authoritarian government
Seized power through revolution Not nationalistic, as it was an ideology
Exportable: Western fears of “Red Scare” A dictatorship of the proletariat
Cheka War Communism: economic central planning
State-owned industry and collectivization
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Early Problems and Division
Disdain of central planning Strikes in 1920 and 1921(peasants and workers)
Lenin’s New Economic Policy 1921 Allowed for some private economic enterprise Made a land of small farms and businesses
Stroke 1922 and death 1924 Joseph Stalin v. Leon Trotsky
Internal development v. global revolution Lenin suggested Stalin be dismissed: Stalin destroyed evidence
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Reforming Russia
“Socialism in one country” 1924 Russian advancement was popular Trotsky outlawed in 1929: murdered in 1940
The 5-Year Plan 1928 and the Great Depression Rapid industrialization Collectivization 1929
Ukrainian kulaks fight the system C. 10 million deaths and millions more to gulags
Success however: 1928-1940 saw a 400% industrial increase Stalin’s purges
Paranoia led to executions of an estimated millions: issues
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Fascism Rises
Fearing the spread of the “red” Ultra-nationalist states would rise
Fascism (the fasces) Stop the spread of bolshevism: assist middle-class/small farmers Single-party dictatorships with nationalistic cause
Social unrest in Italy 1919-21 Fear of communist revolution Fascists support conservative control in the north Benito Mussolini’s party supports this “order”
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Fascist Italy
Fascist popularity in the north led to A view of fascism as a solution Mussolini elected prime minister by the king
Use of dictatorial power to control society Use of terrorism to control opponents
Heavy use of propaganda