families. functions of family meet basic needs prepare children to live in society by: example ...
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Families
Functions of Family
Meet basic needs Prepare children to live in society by:
Example Talking Religion
Types of Families
Nuclear Family: Mother, father, at least 1 child2 parents can help in raising children
Single-Parent Families: mother or father, at least 1 childLittle free time for parent, financial burdens,
no one to share work with
Cont’d
Blended families: single parent marries another person who may or may not have children
Extended families: includes relatives other than a parent or child who live with them
Entering a Family
Guardians- take care of all financial and legal responsibility
Adoption-legal process; children enter family not born into
Foster children-stay with a temporary family
Family Life Cycle
Page 64-65 of “The Developing Child” Book
ParentingParenthood and
Parenting
Parenthood
New responsibilities
Lifestyle changes
Emotional changes
Relationship changes
Changes at work
Emotions
Fear
Frustration
Financial
Depression
Jealousy
Unsound reasons for parenthood
Sound reasons for parenthood
The Tasks of Parenting
Meet the child’s basic needsNurture childrenGuide children to show appropriate behavior
Parenting Styles
Authoritarian-children should obey parents without question
Democratic-children have more input into rules and limits
Permissive-children given a wide range of freedom
Activity
“Wanted: Perfect Parents”
Create a newspaper add that states what you think are the qualities and characteristics of perfect parents.
What is Parenting?
Caring for children and helping them develop, requires understanding a child’s needs and meeting them.
Demands good judgment in 3 ways:Knowing when to help and when to back offAvoid pushing children to try activities they
are not ready for; don’t hold backAdapt parenting skills at each stage of
development
How to Build Parenting Skills
Books and magazinesGaining experienceAsking for adviceObserving
Meeting Children’s Needs
Provide with food, clothing, shelterWatch over safety and healthBegin teaching them languageFoster intellectual growth by taking an
active role in their schoolingTeach them to get along with othersProvide opportunities for them to love
and be loved
Nurturing
Giving a child opportunities for encouragement and enrichment, and showing love, support, and concern.
Deprivation-lack of an enriching environment
Communicating Positively
Use words the child understands; avoid talking down to the child
Be clearBe positive and politeGive praise and loveLimit directions to those that are
essentialTalk about what is meaningful
Guiding Children’s Behavior
Punishment is part of guidance, and should only be used when necessary
Guidance means using firmness and understanding to help children learn to control their own behavior
Effective guidance leads to self-discipline
Self-discipline is important to emotional, social, and moral development
Children develop a conscience- an inner sense of what is right
Consistency
Consistency is key3 ways adults can guide children to
behave appropriately:Encourage appropriate behavior
Setting and enforcing limits
Dealing with inappropriate behavior in effective ways
Encouraging Appropriate Behavior
• Set a good example• talking politely
• Children need to be told what is expected of them in ways they can understand
• Positive reinforcement• Be specific, notice as soon as possible,
recognize small steps, help child take pride in his actions, tailor encouragement to the needs of the child
• Offer choices and let them make decisions for themselves when more mature
What should limits be?
Questions to keep in mind when setting limits: Does the limit allow the child to learn and grow? Is the limit fair and appropriate for the child’s age? Does the limit benefit the child, or is it merely for
the adult’s convenience?
Limits should keep children from hurting themselves, other people, or property
Making limits clear
State limits briefly and clearlySetting limits include 4 steps:
Show understanding of the child’s desiresSet the limit and explain itAcknowledge the child’s feelingsGive alternatives
Dealing with inappropriate behavior
When responding to a child’s misbehaviors, ask yourself these questions: Is the expected behavior appropriate, given
the child’s development?Does the child understand that the behavior
is wrong?Was the behavior done knowingly and
deliberately, or was it beyond the child’s control?
Using punishment effectively
Punishment is negative reinforcement- a response aimed at discouraging a child from repeating a behavior
Make clear that the caregiver disapproves of the behavior
After a rule is broken, usually a warning is given. Punishment follows if rule is broken again.
Dealing with inappropriate behavior
Natural consequencesLoss of privelagesGiving time-out
Poor disciplinary measures
BribingMaking children promise to behaveShouting or yellingShaming or belittlingThreatening to withhold love
Handling Conflict
Use wordsSpeak calmlyCount to ten