The Fall of Constantinople:Map and numbers

Social studies for 10th EBG

Teacher: Mauricio Torres

OTTOMANS

• Commanders

• Mehmed II

• Infantry

• 50-80,000

• Navy

• 130 ships (aprox)

• Commanders

• Constantine IX

• Giovanni Giustiniani

• Loukas Notaras

• Infantry

• 8000 aprox

• Navy

• 26 ships

BYZANTINES

•ForcesThe combatants in numbers

•Constantinople 1453

•Byzantine defense

•Ottoman siege positions.

•KerkoportaGate through which the Ottomans entered the city.

•Hagia SophiaThousands of citizens seek refuge there.

•Galata FortressHelped protect the entrance to the Golden Horn.

•TheodosianWallsMain line of defense against a land invasion.

•Sea ChainIron chain designed to block the entrance of the Golden Horn to avoid a sea invasion.

•St. RomanusGateFortified location from which the emperor fought. He died there.

•Synthetized timelineMajor events: locate them on the map

Ottoman SiegeThe Turks prepare for battle and test the defenses around the city.

Turkish fleet evades the “chain”Mehmed s fleet is taken by land behind Galata into the Golden Horn.

The Byzantines are forced to cover the walls with more men, weakening the Theodosian Walls.

Giovanni Giustiniani is woundedThe morale of the Byzantine troops falls.

The Turks enter ConstantinopleThe enter through the Kerkoporta, and rush inside killing everyone on the way

The Emperor is killed at St Romanus

The Turks reach Hagia Sophia.

1

2

5

3

4

Massive Turkish assaultThe Turks attack the Theodosian walls in a “all or nothing” maneuver

The Grand Duke, Loukas Notaras, hold the Blachernae Palace and the sea walls.