Fall2018CourseNumber ARC561R,696CourseTitle/UniqueNumbers: AdvancedArchitecturalDesign/Instructor: DavidHeymann AdvancedStudios IntheAdvancedDesignStudiosyouexplorepressingissuesin

currentarchitecturaldiscoursethroughthevehicleofthedesignofbuildingsandpublicspacesofsubstantialsize.Theseissueshavecomponentsbothtimelessandcurrent,asthequestionofvalueandmeaninginbuildingscontinuesitsconstantevolution.ConsequentlytheAdvancedStudiosrequirethatyoutakeathesis-basedapproachtoarguingforthevalueofyourconcreteproposals.IntheAdvancedArchitecturalDesignStudioscompetencyindesignisnottheend,butthemeans.Yourdesigncannotbeexcusedonthecircumstancesofthebrief,butmusttakepartinalargerdiscourseofarchitecturalhistoryandtheory.Youmustmakeaconvincingargumentfortheimprovedstructureoftheworldthatyourproposedconstructionwouldenactinorderforyourworktosucceed.

Étienne-LouisBoullée,CenotaphforNewton,1784 RinoLevi,Brasiliacompetitionentry(superblocks),1957

ABuildingMakesTheWorld CourseDescription/Brief Theamountofconstructionaroundtheglobeinthelasttwenty

yearsstaggerstheimagination.LandinginPanamaCityyouseetowersstretchingtothehorizon—almostallofwhichwerenotthereaquartercenturybefore—andtheyaremerelysentinelsofwhathashappenedatstreetlevel.ThesameistrueofSanPaulo,Austin,Berlin,Beijing,Melbourne.Andalmosteverywhereelse.Quito,forexample.Everywherethisconstructionistiedtoalooseningofstrictures—onlending,onzoning,onplanning,on

traditionandpropriety,onpoliticalfinancing—andatriumphantinternationalrealestatemarket.It’sperhapsthislooseninginfavorofadesperate,blindimpulsetobuildthatmakestheconsequencetoyouasanarchitectsoprofound.Youcanhappilyworkonaperfectdoordetailforaday,thenwalkhome,eyesopentotheworldhappeningaroundyou,wonderingif,really,agoodbuildingbyanarchitectmakesanydifferenceatall.Perhapsthecapacityofarchitecture,solongidealized,isinfactarelentless,surrealpursuitoftheirrelevant,atleastasitiscurrentlyimagined.Thishasmerit,thoughitcannotbesaidtobepublic,atleastinanyconventionalmeaningofthatterm.

Theassignmentforthisadvancedarchitecturaldesignstudiohas

threesimplevariables.First,youmustdesignaverylarge,monumentalbuildinginQuito,towhichwewilltravelforaweek(ifyouworkasagroupyoumustproposetworelatedconstructions,onwhichmoreinamoment).Second,thebuildingmustinfluencethecity’sexplosivegrowthpositively,anditmustclearlyaddtothecity’sprimaryidentity.Third,whilethebuildingmustbegoodnow,itmustalsobegood100yearsfromnow.That’sthedesignproblem.

Thisprojectisdrivenbyculturalidentityandtheoriesofvalue,not

program.Itisspeculative,andmeanttobepartofalonghistoryofinfluentialproposals,whichincludesthespeculationsofPierodellaFrancesca,Boullée,Ledoux,Garnier,Melnikov,Tatlin,Speer,Taut,LeCorbusier,Wright(themilehighskyscraper!),Archigram,Krier,andOMA,amongmany,manyothers.Youmustplaceyourprojectinthathistory.Someofthosespeculationsare,ofcourse,built,soyouhavetoalsobeawareoftheconcretehistory,whichisahistoryofarchitecturallandmarks—AbuSimbel,theColossusofRhodes,theColosseum,CologneCathedral,stepwells,theVatican…actually,allofthem.

Thestudiowillundertakethisprojectinparallelwitharchitecture

studentsinastudioledbyProfessorMariaIsabelPazattheUniversityofSanFranciscoinQuito[USFQ].QuitoishometothemostintactSpanishColonialcityintheWesternHemisphere.Thatcityisnow,ofcourse,onlyasmallpieceofavasturbanexpanse—1.6millioninhabitants—growingeveroutwardnorthandsouthalongahangingvalleyoriginallysettledbytheInca(traditionallyboundontheeastbyamountainridge,andonthewestbythePichinchavolcano).Intermsofarchitecture,thatexpansionhasbeendefinedroughlyalongalinebylargeandiconicconstructions(monumentsormonumentalbuildings)orpublicvoids.Thesegivethecitybotharhythmicscaleandaphysicalidentity.Chronologicallythebuildingsandobjectsinclude,amongothers,theCotopaxivolcanoandthePanicillohill,thetowersofthechurchesoftheoldcity,thestatueoftheVirginonthePanicillo,theBasilica

oftheVota,theQuitoHotel,theoriginalInternationalAirportTerminal;theimmensenewfederalbuildingsinthenorthandsouthofthecity,andanasyetunbuilt-onmountainrangejusttothenorthofthecity.

ThevoidsincludethevalleyseparatingCotopaxifromQuito(which

servestosequesterashduringeruptions),formerlagoons,theurbansquaresoftheoldcity,asequenceoflate-19thandearly-20thcenturyurbanparksthatincludeLaCarolina(essentiallyQuito’scentralpark,attheheartofthepost-Colonialexpansioninthenorth),thenewparkontheoldairportrunways,andthepublicspaceoftheEquatormonument,whichmoreorlessmarksthefurthestedgeofQuito’snorthernreach.

Thoughthaturbanorderexists,thecurrentexplosivegrowthin

Quito—drivenbyanenergyeconomy,anewsubwayline,continuedmovementfromcountrytocity,foreigninvestment,etc.—lacksanyplanthatrespectsit.NewarchitectureinQuito,likealmosteverywhereelse,haslostitscapacitytoclarifythecityinfavorofjustmoreconstruction.Thestudioassignmentacceptstheeconomiccircumstanceofcurrentgrowthbutnotitsconsequence.Youhavetoproposehowalarge,monumentalbuildingcandriveaviableurbanfuture.YouhavetoproposethenextprimaryobjectonQuito’sline.

You’llseewhenwegettoQuitothattherearetwodistinct

architecturalopportunitiesinthisregard:amonumentalinstitution,orapuremonument.Ifyouworkaloneyoumustmakeaninstitution.Youmayalsoworkwithapartner,inwhichcaseyoumustjointlyproposeaninstitutionandamonument.Youwillseethat,inthegeneralareaweareworking,thecityallowsforthispossibility.

Asnoted,thisdesignstudiowillberunparalleltoanearlyidenticalcourseintheSchoolofArchitectureatUSFQ.Thetwostudioswillcollaborateoninitialsiteandprecedentanalysis,usethesamesiteandsameprogram,andwillundertakeaseriesofshareddesignandculturalactivitiesandsitevisitsduringthestudiovisittoQuito.USFQwillbeprovidingbasedrawingsandCADfilesforQuitositeinformation;helparrangesitevisits;andserveasageneralhostbothincaseofemergencies,andinthenormaldaytodayactivitiesofthestudiosinQuito.USFQstudentswill,forexample,travelaroundQuitowithUTstudents,etc.

CrucialNoteAboutTravel Readthissectioncarefully.Thisisatravellingstudio:wewillvisit

Quitoforoneweek,departingAustinonSaturday,September29thandreturningSunday,October7th.Quito(andmostofEcuador)is

Category4,thesafestoftheStateDepartment’slistingsforRestrictedRegions.Thistravelwillrequireadditionalcosttothestudentbeyondtuition,fees,andsupplies.Asofthiswritingtheapproximateadditionalcosttostudentswillrangesomewherebetween$850and$1,750.Anumberofvariablescontrolthisadditionalcost,includingairfare,whichcannotbepurchaseduntilafterthestudiolottery;hotelcosts,whichcannotbeestablisheduntilthenumberofparticipantsisset;andtheamountofMebanefundingavailable,whichhasyettobedetermined.PleasenotethattheabovehighandlowfiguresalreadyincludeassumedMebanefundingofbetween$600and$800:thisamountistraditional,butnotguaranteed.

Youmusthaveavalidpassporttotravel;itmustbevalidforsix

monthsafterthedateofourreturn.Pleasecheck.IfyouarenotaUScitizenyoumustverifyifentryvisasforEcuadorarerequiredofyou.Priortothestudiolotteryyoumustverifythatyoucanobtainthosevisasinatimelymanner.Youwillneedtoobtainanynecessaryvisasonyourown,butmustwaituntilthestudiolotteryresulttoproceed.

Finally,Quitois9,500feetabovesealevel.Notethathighelevation

canhaveadversephysicaleffects,andmaynotberecommendedforcertainhealthconditions.Verifywithyourdoctorifthereareanyreasonswhyyoushouldnottakepartinthistravelpriortothestudiolottery.

PedagogicSubjectMatter Thedeepsubjectofthisstudioismonumentality—generallyand,

inparticular,asitmightrelatetosustainability.Monumentalarchitectureappearscyclicallyoverthecourseofarchitecturalhistory.IthasmoreorlessbeenoutoffashioninModernarchitecturesinceitwasusurpedbytheNazisbeforeWorldWarII(thereyouseeitleapfromlefttoright,asPoelzigandBehrensproducedremarkablemonumentalarchitectureassociatedwithorganizedlabormovements),andbytheSovietsthereafter.Butthereareexceptions,notablytheremarkable,ruthless,systematicworkofLouisKahn.Kahn’sessentialarchitecturalargument—thatthepurposeofthemonumentalwastoprotectcertaininstitutionswithinsociety(likethemuseum,orthelibrary,orthemeetingroom,orthelaboratory)isausefulstartingpointforyourconsiderations.Whatisitthatisworthprotectinginsocietytoday?

Thisquestionisatthebasisofoneofthemoreinterestingrecent

monumentalbuildings:ToyoIto’sTamaArtUniversityLibrary.ThoughthisbuildingappearstoechoworkbyKahn,itsdistinctioniscrucial.IntheultimatelyirrationalgeometriesoftheTamalibrary

youcanseeanattempttohaveboththemonumentalitythatarisesfromsystematicgeometries—whichstresstheimportanceofpublicinstitutions—andwhatItocallssubjectiveexperience:theclearandlegibleregistrationofanindividual’sdistinctperceptionwithinthatspace.Asimportant,intheworkofItoandothers(PezovonEllrichshausen,et.al)youcansenseareturnofthedesireforthemonumentaloverthegeometriesofpicturesqueasymmetrythathaveforsolongdefinedacceptablehumanisticforminafter-Modernarchitecture.Thereisstrongevidenceeasyasymmetricalpracticeiscomingtoanend.Whythatmightbeisaseconddeepsubjectofthisstudio.Clearlysustainabilityispartlyresponsible,astheideaofprogram-drivenform—thathallmarkoftheModern—slipsintothepast.AbuildinglikeBaumschlagerEberle’s2226(whichisdesignedtorequirenomechanicalheatingorcoolingsystematall)getsatthispointexactly.

ToyoIto,TamaArtUniversityLibrary,Tokyo,Japan,2007 BaumschlagerEberle,2226,Lustenau,Austria,2013

Inthisstudioyoumustutilizesystematicgeometriesratherthan

picturesquemassingderivedfromprogramtoresolvespatialcompositioninplanandsection(moreover,yourworkmusthavesymmetryasabaseconditionwithwhichtostruggle—Iwantyoutotacklethequestionofsymmetryheadon).Inthehistoryofarchitecture,systematiclogicsoriginallybeganasconstructionformats,butqualitiespresentintheresultingspacesfrequentlybecamethesubjectoftheevolvingdesigninvestigation,supersedingconstructionallogicinfavorofthespatialconsequence.ExamplesofsuchevolutionsincludethearcofGreektemplesleadingtotheParthenon,thehistoryofRenaissancecourtyardcolumniation,thegrowthoftheModernskyscraperframe,thelongdevelopmentofRomanbasilicaform,etc.

Oftheseexamples,youlikelyknowthatthelong-evolvingRoman

basilicabecamethebasisforearlyChristianchurches,whichwentthroughtheirownintensedevelopmentandhyper-refinementfromtheMedievalthroughtheBaroque.Thispointstosomethinginherentlyinterestingaboutsystematicorruleorientedbuilding

making.Howsuchbuildingsarewedtotheirprogramsisaconundrum.Kahnfamouslynotedthatform(atleastconceivedthisway)comesbeforeprogram,andhisworkisnotableforthemanyfascinating,almostcompletefalsestartshethrewout.Eachwasagoodbuilding,butnotallfitthevariousprogramsKahnhadbeentaskedtoresolve(theSalkisthemostfamousexampleofthis:Kahncompletelychangedhismindrightattheendofhisfirstschematicpass).Thisisacrucialsubjectinthisstudio:theslipperyproblemofsystemandinhabitation,or,ifyoulike,inflexibleorderandoftencircumstantialprogramorpurpose.Kahnwas,ofcourse,themasterofthis,anditisadifficultandfarmoreinterestingproblemthanmerelymakingorders!

ButthelargerpointisthatprograminthisstudioisNOTthe

justificationforform.Urbanconsequenceisthejustificationforforminthisstudio.Yourbuilding,asnoted,hastobegoodnow,and100yearsfromnow.

Format: Thestudiowillbebrokenintothreeparts:afourweeksession

duringwhichweundertakevariousanalysisandprecedentexercises;aweek-longtriptoQuitoforsiteexplorationandjointworkwithUSFQstudentsandfaculty;andaneightweekdevelopmentofasingleorgroupproposal.

RequiredMaterial: Whatistypicallyrequiredindesignstudioalongwithitems

necessaryforhanddrawingandmodeling(aparallelbarwillberequired).TheSANAArulewillalsoapplyinthisstudio:“ifyoudonothaveamodel,youdonothaveanythingtotalkabout.”

ReviewCulture: Wewillhavefrequentpin-upswithvisitors.Iamafirmbelieverina

criticalreviewculture:Ibelieveinthatculturethebasisofprofessionalismishonesty.Honestpublicassessmentofyourownworkcanbeadifficultexperience.Reviewdynamicshaveanelementofinstability,andcriticismcanoftenseempersonal.Ifyoufeelcriticismyouhavereceivedisunwarrantedandpersonalratherthanprofessional,eitherfrommeoranyvisitingcritic,donothesitatetospeakwithmeaboutit.Notethatoftenreviewsdonotdiscusswhatyouthinktheyshould.Iadmiretheparticulardiscoursethathappensinreviews(justasIadmiretheparticulardiscoursethathappensindeskcrits).Itwilloftenseemtangentialtoyourwork;butonedefinitionofarchitectureisthatitis“theactivitythatarchitectsdo,”andonewaythatarchitecturehappensisbyprojectioninconversation.

RequiredTexts: TBA

STUDIOCOURSEGRADINGPOLICY Gradingwillbebasedonthreeareasofperformance:grasp: Theideasandunderstandingoftheprojectathand,combinedwith

anappropriateprocessofinquiryprocess/effort: Theconsistentandrigorousdevelopmentandabundanttestingof

ideasresolution: Thedemonstrationofcompetence,completeness,andfinesse

throughrepresentationanddesignsthatrespondstoarangeofcriticalpositions

Yourworkwillbeevaluatedonitsrigorandevolutionoverthe

semester.Gradingdescriptions: A:excellentwork Projectsurpassesexpectationsintermsofinventiveness,

appropriateness,verbalandvisualability,conceptualrigor,craft,andpersonaldevelopment.Studentpursuesconceptsandtechniquesaboveandbeyondwhatisdiscussedinclass.Projectismorethancompleteonalllevels.

B:goodwork Projectisthorough,wellresearched,diligentlypursued,and

successfullycompleted.Studentpursuesideasandsuggestionspresentedinclassandputsinefforttoresolverequiredissues.Projectiscompleteonalllevelsanddemonstratespotentialforexcellence.

C:acceptablework Projectmeetstheminimumrequirements.Suggestionsmadein

classarenotpursuedwithdedicationorrigor.Projectisincompleteinoneormoreareas.

D:poorwork Projectisincomplete.Basicskillsincludinggraphicskills,model-

makingskills,verbalclarity orlogicofpresentationarenotlevelappropriate.Studentdoesnot

demonstratethe requireddesignskillandknowledgebase. F:unacceptablework Projectisunresolved.Minimumobjectivesarenotmet.

Performanceisnotacceptable.Notethatthisgradewillbeassignedwhenyouhaveexcessiveunexcusedabsences.

X:(excusedincomplete) Canbegivenonlyforlegitimatereasonsofillnessorfamily

emergency.Simplynotcompletingworkontimeisnotanadequatecauseforassigningthisevaluation.ItmayonlybeusedafterconsultationwiththeAssociateDeanandProgramDirector’sofficesandwithanagreementastoanewcompletiondate.Studioworkmustbecompletedbeforethesecondweekofthenextdesignsemesterinwhichyouareenrolling,accordingtoSchoolofArchitecturepolicy.

ALLGRADESARESUBJECTTODEDUCTIONSFORABSENCES,LATEWORKANDLATEARRIVALS.

ATTENDANCE Attendanceismandatory.Participationindiscussionsandworkin

studioisexpected. Studentswiththree(3)unexcusedabsencesmaybedroppedfrom

thecoursewithoutfurthernotice.Theminimumpenaltyformorethanthreeunexcusedabsencesisafullletterdropinyourfinalgradeforthecourse.Pleasecontactmepriortoclassifyouexpecttobelateormissclass.Astudentwhomissesclassesorotherrequiredactivitiesfortheobservanceofareligiousholydayshouldinformmeasfarinadvanceoftheabsenceaspossible,sothatarrangementscanbemadetocompleteanassignmentwithinareasonabletimeaftertheabsence.Astudentwhofailstocompletemissedworkwithinthetimeallowedwillbesubjecttothenormalacademicpenalties.

ACADEMICINTEGRITY PolicyonScholasticDishonesty:StudentswhoviolateUniversity

rulesonscholasticdishonestyaresubjecttodisciplinarypenalties,includingthepossibilityoffailureinthecourseand/ordismissalfromtheUniversity.Sincesuchdishonestyharmstheindividual,allstudents,andtheintegrityoftheUniversity,policiesonscholasticdishonestywillbestrictlyenforced.RefertotheStudentJudicialServiceswebsiteforofficialUniversitypoliciesandproceduresonscholasticdishonesty.PleaserefertoTheRoleofFacultyinConfrontingScholasticDishonestybrochurepublishedbyStudentJudicialServicesforinformationonconfrontingstudentswhoviolatescholasticdishonestypolicies.Forfurtherinformation,visittheSJSwebsiteathttp://www.utexas.edu/depts/dos/sjs/orcall471-2841.

DISABILITIES Atthebeginningofthesemester,studentswithdisabilitieswhoneedspecialaccommodationsshouldnotifymebypresentingaletterpreparedbytheServicesforStudentswithDisabilitiesOffice.Toensurethatthemostappropriateaccommodationscanbeprovided;studentsshouldcontacttheSSDOfficeat471-6259or471-4641TTY.

SECURITY,SAFETY:STUDIO Thestudioisanexceptionallearningenvironment.Sinceitisaplaceforall,itnecessitatesthecarefulattentiontotheneedsoftheindividual.Pleaseseemeifthereareanyproblems(music,visualpollution)thatyouareunabletoresolveonyourown.Allsprayingoffixative,spraypaintoranyothersubstanceshouldbedoneintheshop.Securityisanecessarycomponentforastudiothatisaccessible24hoursaday,7daysaweek.Pleasekeepallexteriordoorslockedafterhours.

CONTACT: heymann@utexas.edu,512-232-4083OFFICEHOURS: Byappointment