Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure

Chapter 3

ADAPTIONFactors Affecting World Agriculture Structure

Adaption

Sum of the adjustments occurring in an organism that promotes its welfare and favors its survival in a specific environment

Symbiotic relationship

When organisms live together in a mutually beneficial relationship

Natural Environmental

Climate, geography, altitude, feed

Important: agriculture must always be practiced within its constraints

Artificial Environment

Factors linked to the economic level and culture of a given society, as well as the steps taken to control the natural environment.

Stresses

Climatic-

Nutritional-

Internal-

Geographical-

Social-

Adaptive Changes

Morphological

Physiological

Behavioral

SOCIAL AND CULTURAL DIFFERENCES

Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure

Influence

Has a tremendous influence on what people eat or how people use animals.

Example: Animal Rights Movement, Economic Status, etc

Religion

LEVELS OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure

Country’s Level of Economic Development

Developed

Developing

Other Terms

First World (developed countries with a market economy)

Second World(Centrally planned economy)

Third World(Developing counties with a market economy)

Centrally Planned Economy

An economy under government control

PriceLaborOther economic inputs are controlled and not

allowed to fluctuate

LEVELS OF AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT

Factors Affecting World Agriculture Structure

The Levels

Developed

Subsistence

Primative

Developed

• A very small proportion of the total population on the farm actively engage in farming

• Highly specialized agriculture with each unit producing only one or two products

• Highly mechanized agriculture with little or no animal or hand labor

• High per capita income• High literacy rate for total population

Subsistence

• Approximately half of the total population engage in farming

• Each farm family produces roughly what it consumes with only a small surplus for sale or barter

• Little mechanization and much hand and animal labor

• Relatively low per capita income for the entire population

• Relative low literacy rate for the entire population

Primitive

• Almost the entire population involved in producing their own food because no one produces a surplus

• Generally a scarcity of food and a low nutritional level

• No mechanization and very little animal power is used in farming

• Extremely low per capita income for the farm population

• Very few literate individuals in the farm or non farm population

What does Developed Agricultural Industries have present?

• Financial Institutions

• Marketing Agencies

• Industrial Institutions

• Government Agencies

Financial Institution

• Safe repository of money• Safe & orderly (not putting savings into

livestock)

Marketing Agencies

• Sell products at satisfactory prices

Industrial Institutions

A. Provide employment for non farm population

B. Wages of those non farm provide a market for agriculture products

C. Industrial workers provide consumer good needed in agriculture (gates)

Government Agencies

• Transportation• Education• Protection